JP6185401B2 - 身体組織に対する所望の温度作用を誘発するためのカテーテル・システム - Google Patents
身体組織に対する所望の温度作用を誘発するためのカテーテル・システム Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
- A61B18/1492—Probes or electrodes therefor having a flexible, catheter-like structure, e.g. for heart ablation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00053—Mechanical features of the instrument of device
- A61B2018/00214—Expandable means emitting energy, e.g. by elements carried thereon
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00053—Mechanical features of the instrument of device
- A61B2018/00214—Expandable means emitting energy, e.g. by elements carried thereon
- A61B2018/0022—Balloons
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
- A61B2018/1467—Probes or electrodes therefor using more than two electrodes on a single probe
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Otolaryngology (AREA)
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- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
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Description
本出願は、2006年10月18日に出願された「Tuned RF Energy And Electrical Tissue Characterization For Selective Treatment Of Target Tissues」という名称の米国仮出願第60/852,787号、2007年4月4日に出願された「Tuned RF Energy And Electrical Tissue Characterization For Selective Treatment Of Target Tissues」という名称の米国仮出願第60/921,973号および2007年10月1日に出願された「Inducing Desirable Temperature Effects On Body Tissue」という名称の米国仮出願第60/976,752号の米国特許法第119条(e)項の下での利益を主張し、それらの全開示は参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
本発明は、一般に、医療デバイス、システムおよび方法に関する。例示的な実施形態においては、本発明は、管腔疾患のための、特に、アテローム硬化性プラーク、不安定プラークまたは「ホット(hot)」プラークおよび同様なもののためのカテーテル・ベース処置を提供する。本発明の構造は、熱を使用して動脈組織をリモデリングすることを可能にする。
前記エネルギーの送出は、偏心した疾患のある血管内で、エネルギーが健康組織と疾患組織の両方を加熱するようにカテーテル部分からエネルギーを送出すること、および、長期閉塞反応を誘発するのに十分な健康組織に対する熱損傷を引き起こすことなく、疾患組織を効果的に改質するのに十分な温度まで疾患組織を加熱するためにエネルギーを使用することを含む。
42℃=蛋白質変性
41℃〜44℃=DNA感受性
43℃=自発性脱分極
45℃=ミトコンドリア分解
47.5℃=収縮性蛋白質分解
48℃=分極不能
50℃=血液細胞がアモルファス状になる
50℃=細胞内毒性
50℃=非可逆的細胞死
>50℃=腫瘍症
72℃〜86℃=タイプ1コラーゲン分解
85℃=血液凝固/凝集
82℃〜96℃=タイプ3コラーゲン分解
100℃=細胞内/間隙流体相変化−「ポッピング(popping)」
>100℃=組織乾燥
100℃〜200℃=組織グルコースが電極に付着する
>200℃=急速気化/細胞破裂(切断)、炭素化である。
本発明が使用されてもよい他の解剖学的構造は、食道、口キャビティ、鼻咽頭キャビティ、聴覚管および鼓室、脳の洞、動脈系、静脈系、心臓、喉頭、気管、気管支、胃、十二指腸、回腸、結腸、直腸、膀胱、尿管、射精管、精管、尿道、子宮腔、膣管および頚管である。
方程式2:血液灌流項
RFエネルギーなどのエネルギーは、電極34または隣接する電極対34Aおよび34Bに送られ、疾患組織48と健康組織60の両方を処置する。コントローラ40は、1〜180秒間、約0.25〜5ワットの平均電力で、または、約4〜45ジュールで電極を駆動してもよい。高いエネルギーの処置は、90秒間0.5ワットまたは180秒間0.25ワットなどの長い継続時間でかつ低い電力で行われる。2〜4ワット範囲のほとんどの処置は、1〜4秒で実施される。広い電極間隔を使用すると、処置の電力および継続時間をスケールアップするのに適切であることになり、その場合、平均電力は5ワットより大きく、総エネルギーは45ジュールを超える可能性がある。同様に、短い、または、小さい電極対を使用することは、平均電力をスケールダウンすることを必要とすることになり、総エネルギーは4ジュール未満になる可能性がある。電力および継続時間は、重篤な損傷を引き起こすのに十分でないよう、特に、血管内の疾患組織48を焼灼するのに十分でないように較正される。血管内のアテローム硬化性物質を焼灼するメカニズムは、その全開示が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる、Slager等によって、「Vaporization of Atherosclerotic Plaque by Spark Erosion」(J.of Amer.Cardiol.,pp.1382−6,1985年6月)という名称の論文において、また、Stephen M.Fryによって、「Thermal and Disruptive Angioplasty:a Physician’s Guide」(Strategic Business Development,Inc.,1990年)において申し分なく記載されている。
電力=b*x2*L*(t(-0.59))
である。式中、bは0.2〜0.6の範囲のパラメータであり、xは電極の内側の縁から縁までの間隔(ミリメートル単位)であり、Lは電極の長さ(ミリメートル単位)(また、同様に、リモデリング・ゾーンの近似の長さ)であり、電力はワット単位であり、tは時間(秒単位)である。bは、ワット/(mm3)*(秒0.59)の単位を有する。この式で記述される範囲の例示的な処置は、本明細書で述べる例示的な電極幾何形状を用いて、2秒間で4ワット、3秒間で3ワット、4秒間で2ワットおよび12秒間で1ワットなどの処置を含む。さらに、180秒間で0.25ワットなどの長い継続時間で非常に低い電力の処置もカバーされる。代替の適した処置範囲は、電極寸法による最大電力および時間についてのおよその数値を示す図19に示す曲線のセット内か、または、それの近くになる。なおさらなる代替の処置パラメータ値は、表4を参照して理解されることができ、表4は、少数の異なる電極対幾何形状についての電力と時間の異なる組合せについての総エネルギーを示す。
Claims (10)
- カテーテル本体と、
前記カテーテルに結合されたバルーンと、
前記バルーンの1つの面に備えつけられた1つ又は複数の電極と、
前記1つ又は複数の電極に結合されたコントローラと、
前記コントローラに結合された電源とを含み、
前記コントローラは、前記1つ又は複数の電極の各々に0.25〜5ワットより選択される平均電力のエネルギーを10〜90秒より選択される時間にわたって送る事が可能であり、
前記1つ又は複数の電極は、複数の再造形ゾーンであって、各再造形ゾーンが健常な組織、病変組織、または健常な組織と病変組織との組み合わせを含む、前記複数の再造形ゾーンへエネルギーを届けるよう構成されており、かつ前記1つ又は複数の電極は前記複数の再造形ゾーンの少なくとも幾つかを50〜65℃の温度に加熱するように構成されていることを特徴とするカテーテル・システム。 - 前記1つ又は複数の電極は、少なくとも1組の双極電極を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のカテーテル・システム。
- 前記1つ又は複数の電極は、少なくとも1つの単極電極を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のカテーテル・システム。
- 前記バルーンの膨張は、前記1つ又は複数の電極を動脈に接触させることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のカテーテル・システム。
- 前記1つ又は複数の電極は、1つの周波数帯域の1つの再造形ゾーンにエネルギーを送るよう構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のカテーテル・システム。
- 前記1つ又は複数の電極は、前記バルーンを前記組織に結合係合するように膨張させることによって半径方向外側に付勢されるように、アレイで配列されるとともに同バルーンの外面に取り付けられる複数の双極電極対を含む、請求項1に記載のカテーテル・システム。
- 前記電源は、前記双極電極対を4〜15ジュールの間のエネルギーで駆動するように構成されている、請求項6に記載のカテーテル・システム。
- 前記時間は、10秒〜60秒の範囲である、請求項6または7に記載のカテーテル・システム。
- 前記双極電極対の少なくとも幾つかは、0.25mm〜2.50mmの間の電極対間隔を有する請求項6に記載のカテーテル・システム。
- 前記双極電極対の少なくとも幾つかは、0.50mm〜2.00mmの間の電極対間隔を有する請求項6に記載のカテーテル・システム。
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| JP2010506696A (ja) | 2010-03-04 |
| EP2455035A2 (en) | 2012-05-23 |
| CA2666660C (en) | 2015-06-02 |
| EP2455035A3 (en) | 2012-06-06 |
| JP5479901B2 (ja) | 2014-04-23 |
| AU2007310986B2 (en) | 2013-07-04 |
| WO2008049082A2 (en) | 2008-04-24 |
| ES2560006T3 (es) | 2016-02-17 |
| US10213252B2 (en) | 2019-02-26 |
| CA2666660A1 (en) | 2008-04-24 |
| WO2008049082A3 (en) | 2008-06-05 |
| US9974607B2 (en) | 2018-05-22 |
| JP2014155802A (ja) | 2014-08-28 |
| EP2076198A2 (en) | 2009-07-08 |
| EP2455035B1 (en) | 2015-11-25 |
| AU2007310986A1 (en) | 2008-04-24 |
| US20080188913A1 (en) | 2008-08-07 |
| EP2076198A4 (en) | 2009-12-09 |
| US20120157986A1 (en) | 2012-06-21 |
| EP2992850A1 (en) | 2016-03-09 |
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