JP6147005B2 - リソソーム蓄積障害を予防および/または治療するための新規の組成物 - Google Patents
リソソーム蓄積障害を予防および/または治療するための新規の組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6147005B2 JP6147005B2 JP2012535222A JP2012535222A JP6147005B2 JP 6147005 B2 JP6147005 B2 JP 6147005B2 JP 2012535222 A JP2012535222 A JP 2012535222A JP 2012535222 A JP2012535222 A JP 2012535222A JP 6147005 B2 JP6147005 B2 JP 6147005B2
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- Prior art keywords
- diol
- compound
- piperidine
- mmol
- lysosomal storage
- Prior art date
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- XZWYZXLIPXDOLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N metformin Chemical compound CN(C)C(=N)NC(N)=N XZWYZXLIPXDOLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003105 metformin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CS(Cl)(=O)=O QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182817 methionine Natural products 0.000 description 1
- NBTOZLQBSIZIKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxide Chemical compound [O-]C NBTOZLQBSIZIKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004292 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010270 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004170 methylsulfonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000008108 microcrystalline cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019813 microcrystalline cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940016286 microcrystalline cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- WNYIBZHOMJZDKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2-acetamidoethyl)acetamide Chemical compound CC(=O)NCCNC(C)=O WNYIBZHOMJZDKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNHVTXYLRVGMHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyl isocyanate Chemical compound CCCCN=C=O HNHVTXYLRVGMHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006199 nebulizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018791 negative regulation of catalytic activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002569 neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000004235 neutropenia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000041 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940021182 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012457 nonaqueous media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007170 pathology Effects 0.000 description 1
- HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentanal Chemical compound CCCCC=O HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XGISHOFUAFNYQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentanoyl chloride Chemical compound CCCCC(Cl)=O XGISHOFUAFNYQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003742 phenol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DGTNSSLYPYDJGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl isocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=CC=C1 DGTNSSLYPYDJGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940117953 phenylisothiocyanate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000019612 pigmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001983 poloxamer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000244 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940068977 polysorbate 20 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940068968 polysorbate 80 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003793 prenatal diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000010232 propyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004405 propyl p-hydroxybenzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QELSKZZBTMNZEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylparaben Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QELSKZZBTMNZEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKSAUQYGYAYLPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrimethamine Chemical compound CCC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=C1C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 WKSAUQYGYAYLPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000611 pyrimethamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940073095 questran Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- AWUCVROLDVIAJX-GSVOUGTGSA-N sn-glycerol 3-phosphate Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)COP(O)(O)=O AWUCVROLDVIAJX-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940023144 sodium glycolate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012064 sodium phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002920 sorbitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000013222 sprague-dawley male rat Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010254 subcutaneous injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007929 subcutaneous injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940126585 therapeutic drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019157 thiamine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KYMBYSLLVAOCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiamine Chemical compound CC1=C(CCO)SCN1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N KYMBYSLLVAOCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003495 thiamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011721 thiamine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010043554 thrombocytopenia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FGMPLJWBKKVCDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-L-hydroxy-proline Natural products ON1CCCC1C(O)=O FGMPLJWBKKVCDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005270 trialkylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JEJAMASKDTUEBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(1,1,3-tribromo-2,2-dimethylpropyl) phosphate Chemical compound BrCC(C)(C)C(Br)(Br)OP(=O)(OC(Br)(Br)C(C)(C)CBr)OC(Br)(Br)C(C)(C)CBr JEJAMASKDTUEBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OUYCCCASQSFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tyrosine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OUYCCCASQSFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004474 valine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940099072 zavesca Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D211/36—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/40—Oxygen atoms
- C07D211/44—Oxygen atoms attached in position 4
- C07D211/46—Oxygen atoms attached in position 4 having a hydrogen atom as the second substituent in position 4
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D211/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
-
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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- A61K31/13—Amines
- A61K31/15—Oximes (>C=N—O—); Hydrazines (>N—N<); Hydrazones (>N—N=) ; Imines (C—N=C)
-
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- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
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- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
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- A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/43—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/46—Hydrolases (3)
- A61K38/47—Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2), e.g. cellulases, lactases
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/92—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with a hetero atom directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D211/96—Sulfur atom
Landscapes
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- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
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- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Hydrogenated Pyridines (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Description
本出願は、参照によってその内容が本明細書中に援用される2009年10月19日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/252,806号の利益を主張する。
R1は、C(R2)(R3)(R4)であり、
R2は、水素、−OHまたはハロゲンであり、
R3は、水素、−OH、ハロゲンまたはC1〜8アルキルであり、
R4は、ハロゲン、C1〜8アルキル、置換C1〜8アルキル、アリール、置換アリール、アルキルシクロアルキルまたは置換アルキルシクロアルキルであり、
R3およびR4はこれらが結合する炭素と一緒になってシクロアルキル環を形成してもよく、これは場合により、好ましくはハロゲン、より好ましくは1つまたは複数のフッ素原子によって置換されていてもよく、
R6は、水素、C1〜8アルキル、置換C1〜8アルキル、アリールアルキル、置換アリールアルキル、アルキルアリール、または置換アルキルアリールであり、
Zは任意であり、存在する場合、Zは、−(CH2)1〜8−、−C(=O)−、−S(=O)2NH−、−S(=O)2−、−C(=S)NH−、−S(=O)2−CH3、C(=O)−NH−、−S(=O)2−NR9R10、−C(=O)C1〜8アルキルまたは−C(=O)CH(NH2)CH3であり、
R9は、水素、C1〜8アルキルまたは置換C1〜8アルキルであり、
R10は、水素、C1〜8アルキルまたは置換C1〜8アルキルであり、
R5は、水素、C1〜8アルキル、置換C1〜8アルキル、アリール、置換アリール、C1〜8アルケニル、置換C1〜8アルケニル、アリールアルキル、置換アリールアルキル、アルキルアリール、置換アルキルアリール、アミノアリールアルキルまたは置換アミノアリールアルキルであり、
R7は、−OHまたはハロゲンであり、そして
R8は、水素、ハロゲンまたはC1〜8アルキルであるが、
ただし、R4がハロゲンであり、Zが存在せず、R7が−OHであり、R5、R6およびR8が水素である場合、R2およびR3は両方共水素であることはできない)
によって定義される有効量の化合物を投与することを含む。
R1は、C(R2)(R3)(R4)であり、
R2は、水素、−OHまたはハロゲンであり、
R3は、水素、−OH、ハロゲンまたは−CH3であり、
R4は、ハロゲン、−CH3、フェニル、フルオロフェニル、メチルフェニル、シクロヘキシルメチルであり、ここで、R4がハロゲンである場合、R2およびR3は両方共水素であることはできず、
R3およびR4はこれらが結合する炭素と一緒になってシクロアルキル環を形成してもよく、これは場合により、1つまたは複数のハロゲン原子によって置換されていてもよく、
R6は、水素、フェニルアルキルまたは置換フェニルアルキルであり、
Zは任意であり、存在する場合、Zは、−(CH2)−、−C(=O)−、−S(=O)2NH−、−S(=O)2−、−S(=O)2−CH3、C(=O)−NH−、−S(=O)2NR9R10、−C(=S)−NH−または−C(=O)2−CH3であり、
R9は、水素またはCH3であり、
R10は、水素またはCH3であり、
R5は、水素またはアミノフェニルアルキルであり、
R7は、−OHまたはハロゲンであり、そして
R8は、水素、ハロゲンまたは−CH3であるが、
ただし、R4がハロゲンであり、Zが存在せず、R7が−OHであり、R5、R6およびR8が水素である場合、R2およびR3は両方共水素であることはできない)
によって定義される有効量の化合物を投与することを含む。
R1は、C(R2)(R3)(R4)であり、
R2は、水素、−OHまたはハロゲンであり、
R3は、水素、−OH、ハロゲンまたは−CH3であり、
R4は、ハロゲン、−CH3、フェニル、フルオロフェニル、メチルフェニル、シクロヘキシルメチルであり、ここで、R4がハロゲンである場合、R2およびR3は両方共水素であることはできず、
R3およびR4はこれらが結合する炭素と一緒になってシクロアルキル環を形成してもよく、これは場合により、1つまたは複数のハロゲン原子によって置換されていてもよく、
R7は、−OHまたはハロゲンであり、そして
R8は、水素、ハロゲンまたは−CH3であるが、
ただし、R4がハロゲンであり、R7が−OHであり、R6およびR8が水素である場合、R2およびR3は両方共水素であることはできない)
によって定義される有効量の化合物を投与することを含む。
・ 有効量の本発明の化合物のいずれかを単独または組み合わせて有する容器と、
・ この容器を用いてリソソーム蓄積障害を予防および/または治療するための使用説明書と
を含むキットも提供する。
・ 痛みのない肝腫大および脾腫(脾臓の大きさは、正常な大きさが50〜200mlであるのとは対照的に、1500〜3000mlであり得る)、
・ 脾機能亢進症:血液細胞の急速で早期の破壊であり、貧血、好中球減少および血小板減少(感染症および出血の危険性の増大を伴う)を起こす、
・ 肝硬変(稀である)、
・ 神経症状はゴーシェ病のいくつかの型においてのみ発生する(以下を参照):
・ II型:重篤な痙攣、筋緊張亢進、精神遅滞、無呼吸
・ III型:ミオクローヌスとして知られている筋攣縮、痙攣、認知症、眼筋の失行、
・ 骨粗鬆症:グルコシルセラミドの蓄積のために75%が目に見える骨異常を発症する、三角フラスコ形状の大腿遠位の変形が一般的に記載されている、
・ 黄褐色の皮膚の色素沈着。
本発明の化合物は、本明細書において開示される化合物の薬学的に許容可能な塩、溶媒和物およびプロドラッグを含む。薬学的に許容可能な塩には、Li、Na、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mnなどの無機塩基から誘導される塩、N,N’−ジアセチルエチレンジアミン、グルカミン、トリエチルアミン、コリン、水酸化物、ジシクロヘキシルアミン、メトホルミン、ベンジルアミン、トリアルキルアミン、チアミンなどの有機塩基の塩、アルキルフェニルアミン、グリシノール、フェニルグリシノールのようなキラル塩基の塩、グリシン、アラニン、バリン、ロイシン、イソロイシン、ノルロイシン、チロシン、シスチン、システイン、メチオニン、プロリン、ヒドロキシプロリン、ヒスチジン、オミチン(omithine)、リジン、アルギニン、セリンなどの天然アミノ酸の塩、D−異性体または置換アミノ酸などの非天然アミノ酸、グアニジン、置換グアニジン(ここで、置換基は、ニトロ、アミノ、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニルから選択される)の塩、アンモニウムまたは置換アンモニウム塩およびアルミニウム塩が含まれる。塩は、適切な場合には、塩酸塩、硫酸塩、硝酸塩、リン酸塩、過塩素酸塩、ホウ酸塩、ハロゲン化水素酸塩、酢酸塩、酒石酸塩、マレイン酸塩、クエン酸塩、コハク酸塩、パルモアート(palmoate)、メタンスルホン酸塩、安息香酸塩、サリチル酸塩、ベンゼンスルホン酸塩、アスコルビン酸塩、グリセロリン酸塩、ケトグルタル酸塩である酸付加塩を含むことができる。一実施形態では、本明細書において開示される化合物の薬学的に許容可能な塩は塩酸塩である。
治療薬は、例えば、経口的に錠剤またはカプセルまたは液体の形態、あるいは注射用の無菌水溶液などにおいて、任意の投与経路に適するように処方することができる。治療薬が経口投与のために処方される場合、錠剤またはカプセルは、結合剤(例えば、アルファ化トウモロコシデンプン、ポリビニルピロリドンまたはヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース)、充填剤(例えば、ラクトース、微結晶性セルロースまたはリン酸水素カルシウム)、潤滑剤(例えば、ステアリン酸マグネシウム、タルクまたはシリカ)、崩壊剤(例えば、ジャガイモデンプンまたはグリコール酸ナトリウムデンプン)、または湿潤剤(例えば、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム)などの薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤と共に、従来の手段によって調製され得る。錠剤は、当該技術分野においてよく知られている方法によってコーティングされてもよい。経口投与のための液体調製物は、例えば、溶液、シロップまたは懸濁液の形態をとってもよいし、あるいは使用前に水または別の適切な媒体を用いて構成するための乾燥製品として提供されてもよい。このような液体調製物は、懸濁化剤(例えば、ソルビトールシロップ、セルロース誘導体または水素化食用脂)、乳化剤(例えば、レシチンまたはアカシア)、非水性媒体(例えば、アーモンド油、油性エステル、エチルアルコールまたは分画された植物油)、または防腐剤(例えば、−p−ヒドロキシ安息香酸メチルもしくはプロピル、またはソルビン酸)などの薬学的に許容可能な添加剤と共に、従来の手段によって調製され得る。液体調製物は、緩衝塩、風味料、着色剤または甘味剤を適切に含有していてもよい。経口投与のための調製物は、治療薬の制御または持続放出を与えるように適切に処方されてもよい。
治療薬は、経口または非経口(静脈内、皮下、動脈内、腹腔内、点眼、筋肉内、経頬、経直腸、経膣、眼窩内、脳内、皮内、頭蓋内、脊髄内、脳室内、くも膜下腔内、大槽内、関節内、肺内、鼻腔内、経粘膜、経皮、または吸入を含む)で投与することができる。1つの好ましい実施形態では、治療薬は経口投与される。
適切な薬剤調製物は単位剤形である。このような剤形では、調製物は、適切な量、例えば所望の目的を達成するために有効な量の活性成分を含有する適切なサイズの単位用量に細分される。特定の実施形態では、治療薬は、1日に1回または複数回の用量(例えば、1日1回、1日2回、1日3回)が投与される。特定の実施形態では、治療薬は間欠的に投与される。
本発明の治療薬は、少なくとも1つの他の治療薬と併用して投与することもできる。少なくとも1つの他の治療薬を伴った本発明の治療薬の投与は、連続的な投与または同時の投与を包含すると理解される。一実施形態では、治療薬は、別個の剤形において投与される。別の実施形態では、2つ以上の治療薬が同一の剤形において同時に投与される。
酵素阻害アッセイを用いて、本発明の新規の化合物に対するGCaseの結合親和性(ここでは、Ki結合定数により定義される)を実験的に決定した。簡単に言うと、使用した酵素阻害アッセイは、試験化合物が結合して蛍光発生基質の加水分解を防止する能力を濃度依存的な形で監視した。特に、種々の量の各試験化合物の存在または不在下で、4−メチルウンベリフェリル−β−D−グルコピラノシド(4−MU−β−D−Glc)蛍光発生基質を用いて、組換えヒトGCase(rhGCase、Cerezyme(登録商標)、Genzyme Corp.)の酵素活性を測定した。得られたデータは、全ての試験サンプルを非阻害対照サンプル(化合物なし、100%の酵素活性に相当する)と比較することによって分析し、試験化合物の存在下での残留酵素活性を決定した。続いて、規格化した残留活性データ(y軸)を試験化合物の濃度(x軸)に対してグラフに描き、酵素活性の50%の阻害をもたらす試験化合物濃度(IC50と定義)を外挿した。次に、各試験化合物のIC50値をCheng−Prusoff式(以下に詳述される)に挿入して、試験化合物に対するGCaseの結合親和性を正確に反映する絶対阻害定数Kiを得た。pH7.0(小胞体のpH)およびpH5.2(リソソームのpH)の両方で酵素阻害アッセイを実施して、小胞体およびリソソームにおけるGCaseに対する化合物の結合親和性(すなわち、効力)を洞察した。
pH7.0およびpH5.2において、0.25%のタウロコール酸ナトリウムを含む50mMのリン酸ナトリウム緩衝液からなる緩衝液「M」中、種々の濃度の試験化合物を調製した。pH7.0およびpH5.2において、同じ緩衝液「M」中に、酵素(Cerezyme(登録商標)、ヒト酵素β−グルコセレブロシダーゼの組換え型)も希釈した。基質溶液は、両方のpHにおいて、0.15%のTriton X−100を含む緩衝液「M」中、3mMの4−メチルウンベリフェロンβ−D−グルコピラノシドから構成した。15μlの種々の阻害薬濃度または緩衝液「M」のみに、5マイクロリットルの希釈酵素を添加し、50μlの基質調製物と共に37℃で1時間インキュベートして、pH7.0およびpH5.2におけるβ−グルコシダーゼ活性を査定した。同量の0.4Mのグリシン(pH10.6)の添加により反応を停止させた。355nmの励起および460nmの発光を用いて、プレートリーダーにおいて1秒/ウェルで蛍光を測定した。酵素を添加しない、または阻害剤を添加しないインキュベーションを用いて、それぞれ、酵素のない場合の活性および最大活性を定義し、所与のアッセイの阻害%を規格化した。参照化合物の酒石酸IFGおよびいくつかの試験化合物についてのこのようなin vitro阻害アッセイの結果は、以下の表2Aに要約される。
正常な被験者から樹立した線維芽細胞を用いて、リソソームGCase活性に対する本発明の新規の化合物の効果をその場でアッセイした。48ウェルプレートに播種した細胞を、指示される濃度の化合物と共に16〜24時間インキュベートした。用量−反応アッセイのために、細胞をin situ基質5−(ペンタフルオロベンゾイルアミノ)フルオレセインジ−β−D−グルコピラノシド(PFBFDβGlu)と共に1時間インキュベートし、続いて溶解させて、化合物の存在下での基質の加水分解の程度を決定した。このアッセイでは、IC50を中心に5桁を包含する様々な12の濃度を使用した。特に、以下の濃度範囲を使用した:(3R,4R,5S)−5−(ジフルオロメチル)ピペリジン−3,4−ジオール、(3R,4R,5S)−5−(1−フルオロエチル)ピペリジン−3,4−ジオール、(3R,4R,5R)−5−(1−ヒドロキシエチル)−ピペリジン−3,4−ジオール、(3R,4R,5S)−5−((R)−1−フルオロプロピル)ピペリジン−3,4−ジオール塩酸塩、および(3R,4R,5S)−5−ベンジルピペリジン−3,4−ジオール:1.0×10−3〜3.0×10−9M、(3R,4R,5R)−5−(1−ヒドロキシエチル)−ピペリジン−3,4−ジオール:1.0×10−4〜3.0×10−10M、ならびに(3R,4R,5S)−5−(1−フルオロエチル)ピペリジン−3,4−ジオール:1.0×10−3〜3.0×10−11M。ここで、化合物は、指定される範囲内で、最高濃度から1:3で連続的に希釈した。化合物が存在しない場合の活性に対する化合物の存在下での活性の比率として阻害を決定した。ウォッシュアウトアッセイのために、細胞をIC90に等しい濃度で16〜24時間、化合物により処理した。細胞を徹底的に洗浄し、薬物を含まない培地中でインキュベートして、細胞からの正味の化合物の流出を可能にした。次に、化合物を除去した後2時間の間隔で、全部で8時間にわたってリソソームGCase活性について細胞を試験した。経時的な活性の増大を単一指数関数に当てはめて、化合物のウォッシュアウト時間を決定した。参照化合物の酒石酸IFGおよびいくつかの試験化合物についてのこれらのin situ阻害アッセイの結果は、以下の表2Bに要約される。
マウスへの経口投与の後に、参照化合物の酒石酸IFGおよびいくつかの本発明の化合物(すなわち、(3R,4R,5S)−5−(ジフルオロメチル)ピペリジン−3,4−ジオール、(3R,4R,5S)−5−(1−フルオロエチル)ピペリジン−3,4−ジオール、(3R,4R,5R)−5−(1−ヒドロキシエチル)−ピペリジン−3,4−ジオール、(3R,4R,5S)−5−((R)−1−フルオロプロピル)ピペリジン−3,4−ジオール塩酸塩、および(3R,4R,5S)−5−ベンジルピペリジン−3,4−ジオール)の血液脳関門(BBB)の透過をアッセイした。このために、8週齢の野生型雄マウス(C57BL/6)に単回の30mg/kg(遊離塩基相当)の経口用量の参照化合物または試験化合物を経管栄養によって投与した(n=3マウス/時点)。投薬溶液を水中で調製した。投薬後、次の時点:投薬後0、0.5、1、および4時間において、マウスをCO2で安楽死させた。安楽死の後、全血を下大静脈からリチウムヘパリン管内に採取した。同様に、各マウスから脳を採取した。全血を4℃において2,700×gで10分間回転させることによって血漿が得られ、その後これをドライアイス上で保存した。全脳を冷PBS中で洗浄して、汚染血液を除去し、ブロット乾燥し、ドライアイス上で瞬時に凍結させ、最後に分析まで−80℃で保存した。分析のための脳サンプルを調製するために、組織1mgあたり400μlの水中で50〜100mgの組織をホモジナイズした。次に、サンプルを遠心分離により浄化した。次に、25μlの脳ホモジネートの上澄みまたは25μlの血漿を25μlのアセトニトリル:水(95/5)と混ぜ合わせた。これに、25μlのアセトニトリルおよび50μLの内部標準((70:30)アセトニトリル:メタノール中0.5%のギ酸中、100ng/mLの酒石酸IFG 13C2−15N)を追加した。サンプルを再び遠心分離により浄化し、75μlの上澄みを75μlのアセトニトリルと混ぜ合わせた。次に、PPD Inc.(3230 Deming Way,Middleton,WI53562)においてLC−MS/MSによりサンプルを化合物レベルについて分析した。簡単に言うと、(A)95:5のアセトニトリル:水、または(B)70:20:10のメタノール:水:アセトニトリル中の5mMのギ酸アンモニウムおよび0.05%のギ酸からなる移動相の混合物で平衡化された、Thermo Betasil,Silica−100、50×3mm、5μカラムを使用した。20μl〜30μlの間のサンプルを分析のために注入した。薬物濃度を計算するために、それぞれの化合物の分子量を用い、そして1gの組織が1mLの体積に相当すると仮定して、血漿(ng/mL)および脳(ng/g)の生データをnMに変換した。時間の関数としての濃度をGraphPad Prismバージョン4.02でプロットした。
経口投与された試験化合物((3R,4R,5S)−5−(ジフルオロメチル)ピペリジン−3,4−ジオール、(3R,4R,5S)−5−(1−フルオロエチル)ピペリジン−3,4−ジオール、(3R,4R,5S)−5−((R)−1−フルオロプロピル)ピペリジン−3,4−ジオール塩酸塩、または(3R,4R,5S)−5−ベンジルピペリジン−3,4−ジオール)がGCaseレベルを高める能力をマウスにおいて査定した。このために、8週齢の野生型雄マウス(C57BL/6)に、単回の経口(経管栄養)用量の本発明の化合物(すなわち、(3R,4R,5S)−5−(ジフルオロメチル)ピペリジン−3,4−ジオール、(3R,4R,5S)−5−(1−フルオロエチル)ピペリジン−3,4−ジオール、(3R,4R,5S)−5−((R)−1−フルオロプロピル)ピペリジン−3,4−ジオール塩酸塩、または(3R,4R,5S)−5−ベンジルピペリジン−3,4−ジオール)を投与した。各化合物の投与される用量の詳細は、表3Aおよび3Bに提供されている。投薬溶液を水中で調製した。化合物は以下のように2週間にわたって投与した:1週目の月曜日〜金曜日(オン)、土曜日〜日曜日(オフ)、2週目の月曜日〜木曜日(オン)、金曜日に剖検。従って、全部で9回の用量(投薬溶液は毎日新たに調製した)を各マウスに与え、最後の投薬と剖検の間に24時間のウォッシュアウトを置いた。
試験化合物のバイオアベイラビリティを査定するためにラットにおいて薬物動態学的(PK)データを得た。特に、以下のPKパラメータを計算した:濃度/時間曲線下面積(AUC)により測定されるバイオアベイラビリティ、利用可能な用量の画分(fraction of dose available)(%F、以下でさらに定義される)、クリアランス(CL)、分布容積(Vd)、および半減期(t1/2)。このために、8週齢のSprague−Dawley雄ラットに、3mg/kgの遊離塩基に相当する単回の静脈内(IV)用量、または10、30、および100mg/kgの遊離塩基に相当する単回の漸増経口(経管栄養)用量の試験化合物を与えた。投薬群当たり3匹のラットを使用した。24時間にわたって血液を採取した。静脈内投与後の血液採取の時点は、0、2.5、5、10、15、30、45分、1、2、4、8、12、および24時間であり、経口投与後の血液採取の時点は、0、5、15、30、45分、1、2、3、4、8、12、および24時間であった。PPDにおけるLC−MS/MSによって血漿サンプルを化合物レベルについて分析した。Win−nonLinにおける非コンパートメント分析により生データを分析し、VD、%F、CL、およびt1/2を計算した。
Claims (9)
- 有効量の少なくとも1つの他の治療薬をさらに含む、請求項1から6の何れか一項に記載の医薬。
- 少なくとも1つの他の治療薬が、イミグルセラーゼまたは1,5−(ブチルイミノ)−1,5−ジデオキシ−D−グルシトールである、請求項7に記載の医薬。
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| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
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| JP5645918B2 (ja) | リソソーム蓄積障害の予防および/または治療方法 | |
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