JP5692467B1 - 金属球の製造方法、接合材料及び金属球 - Google Patents
金属球の製造方法、接合材料及び金属球 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5692467B1 JP5692467B1 JP2014523135A JP2014523135A JP5692467B1 JP 5692467 B1 JP5692467 B1 JP 5692467B1 JP 2014523135 A JP2014523135 A JP 2014523135A JP 2014523135 A JP2014523135 A JP 2014523135A JP 5692467 B1 JP5692467 B1 JP 5692467B1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
- B23K35/0244—Powders, particles or spheres; Preforms made therefrom
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
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- H05K3/34—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
- H05K3/341—Surface mounted components
- H05K3/3431—Leadless components
- H05K3/3436—Leadless components having an array of bottom contacts, e.g. pad grid array or ball grid array components
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Abstract
Description
(5)上記(1)から(4)の何れか1つに記載の製造方法で製造された金属球を含有することを特徴とする接合材料。
本発明に係る製造方法で製造される金属球のα線量は0.0200cph/cm2以下である。これは、電子部品の高密度実装においてソフトエラーが問題にならない程度のα線量である。本発明に係る金属球の製造方法では、除去対象の不純物として、210Poが揮発し得る温度で金属材料を加熱する工程を含むことで、金属材中にわずかに残存する210Poが揮発し、金属材と比較して金属球の方がより一層低いα線量を示す。α線量は、更なる高密度実装でのソフトエラーを抑制する観点から、好ましくは0.0020cph/cm2以下であり、より好ましくは0.0010cph/cm2以下である。
U及びThは放射性元素であり、ソフトエラーを抑制するにはこれらの含有量を抑える必要がある。U及びThの含有量は、金属球のα線量を0.0200cph/cm2以下とするため、各々5ppb以下にする必要がある。また、現在または将来の高密度実装でのソフトエラーを抑制する観点から、U及びThの含有量は、好ましくは、各々2ppb以下である。
金属球に含まれる不純物元素としては、Sn、Sb、Bi、Ni、Zn、Fe、Al、As、Ag、In、Cd、Cu、Pb、Au、P、S、U、Thなどが考えられる。金属球は、不純物元素の中でも特にPbまたはBiのいずれかの含有量、あるいは、Pb及びBiの合計の含有量が1ppm以上不純物元素として含有することが好ましい。本発明では、α線量を低減する上でPbまたはBiのいずれかの含有量、あるいは、Pb及びBiの含有量を極限まで低減する必要がない。これは以下の理由による。
金属球は純度が3N以上4N5以下である。つまり、金属球は不純物元素の含有量が5ppm以上である。ここで、Cu等の金属材料の純度は、99%を2N、99.9%を3N、99.99%を4Nとする。4N5とは、金属材料の純度が99.995%であることを示す。
金属球の形状は、スタンドオフ高さを制御する観点から真球度は0.90以上であることが好ましい。金属球の真球度が0.90未満であると、金属球が不定形状になるため、バンプ形成時に高さが不均一なバンプが形成され、接合不良が発生する可能性が高まる。真球度は、より好ましくは0.94以上である。本発明において、真球度とは真球からのずれを表す。真球度は、例えば、最小二乗中心法(LSC法)、最小領域中心法(MZC法)、最大内接中心法(MIC法)、最小外接中心法(MCC法)など種々の方法で求められる。
金属球の直径は1〜1000μmであることが好ましい。この範囲にあると、球状の金属球を安定して製造でき、また、端子間が狭ピッチである場合の接続短絡を抑制することができる。
本発明に係る金属球の製造方法では、金属材料に含有される不純物の中で、α崩壊する不純物、本例では、210Poの含有量を低減するため、Poの沸点t1より高い温度、大気圧下であれば、Poの大気圧下での沸点t1である962℃より高い温度で金属材料を加熱して溶融させ、造球を行う。これにより、金属材料中のPoを揮発させ、金属球から放射されるα線量を低減する。
(1)Cuボールの製造方法
次に、本発明に係る金属球の製造方法の一例として、Cuボールの製造方法について説明する。金属球であるCuボールの材料となるCu材はセラミックのような耐熱性の板である耐熱板に置かれ、耐熱板とともに炉中で加熱される。耐熱板には底部が半球状となった多数の円形の溝が設けられている。溝の直径や深さは、Cuボールの粒径に応じて適宜設定されており、例えば、直径が0.8mmであり、深さが0.88mmである。また、Cu細線が切断されて得られたチップ形状のCu材(以下、「チップ材」という。)は、耐熱板の溝内に一個ずつ投入される。
次に、本発明に係る金属球の製造方法の一例として、Niボールの製造方法について説明する。Niボールは、アトマイズ法で製造される。本発明でのアトマイズ法とは、Ni材がPoの大気圧下での沸点t1である962℃より高い温度である1000℃以上で溶融され、液状の溶融Niがノズルから高速度で噴霧されることにより、霧状の溶融Niが冷却されてNiボールが造球される方法である。アトマイズ法には、溶融Niをノズルから高速度で噴霧する際の媒体としてガスを用いる場合はガスアトマイズ法等がある。
本発明に係る製造方法で製造されたCuボール、Niボール等の金属球は、はんだ接合材料にも適用できる。はんだ接合材料に適用するには、金属球の表面にはんだ層(はんだめっき被膜)を形成し、金属核ボールとすれば良い。
金属球として、純度の異なるCuボールを作製して真球度とα線量を測定し、Cuボールの純度と真球度の関係及びα線量を検証した。
実施例1AのCuボールは、純度が99.9%(3N)のCuペレットを使用して作製した。実施例2AのCuボールは、純度が99.995%(4N5)以下のCuワイヤを使用して作製した。比較例1AのCuボールは、純度が99.995%(4N5)を超えるCu板を使用して作製した。
α線量の測定方法は以下の通りである。α線量の測定にはガスフロー比例計数器のα線測定装置を用いた。測定サンプルは300mm×300mmの平面浅底容器にCuボールを容器の底が見えなくなるまで敷き詰めたものである。この測定サンプルをα線測定装置内に入れ、PR−10ガスフローにて24時間放置した後、α線量を測定した。
真球度の測定方法は以下の通りである。真球度はCNC画像測定システムで測定する。本実施例では、ミツトヨ社製のウルトラクイックビジョン、ULTRA QV350−PRO測定装置によって、Cuボールの長径の長さと直径の長さを測定し、500個の各Cuボールの直径を長径で割った値の算術平均値を算出して真球度を求めた。値が上限である1.00に近いほど真球に近いことを表す。
金属球として、純度の異なるNiボールを作製して真球度とα線量を測定し、Niボールの純度と真球度の関係及びα線量を検証した。
実施例1BのNiボールは、純度が99.9%(3N)のNiワイヤを使用して作製した。実施例1Bで使用したNiワイヤは、α線量が0.0034cph/cm2、Uの含有量が0.7ppb、Thの含有量が0.5ppbである。
α線量の測定方法はCuボールと同様で、ガスフロー比例計数器のα線測定装置を用いた。測定サンプルは300mm×300mmの平面浅底容器にNiボールを敷き詰めたものである。この測定サンプルをα線測定装置内に入れ、PR−10ガスフローにて24時間放置した後、α線量を測定した。
真球度はCNC画像測定システムで測定した。測定方法はCuボールと同じであり、ミツトヨ社製のウルトラクイックビジョン、ULTRA QV350−PROを使用した。
Claims (6)
- Uの含有量が5ppb以下であり、Thの含有量が5ppb以下であり、純度が99.9%以上99.995%以下であり、PbまたはBiのいずれかの含有量、あるいは、PbおよびBiの合計の含有量が1ppm以上である純金属であって、純金属に含まれる不純物の中で除去対象としたPoの大気圧での沸点より高い大気圧での沸点を有した純金属を、
気圧により変化する沸点及び融点に応じて、除去対象としたPoの沸点より高く、純金属の融点より高く、かつ、純金属の沸点より低い温度に設定された加熱温度で加熱して、純金属を溶融させる工程と、
溶融した純金属を球状に造球する工程を含む
ことを特徴とする金属球の製造方法。 - 純金属の大気圧での融点が900℃以上、かつ、沸点が962℃以上である
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の金属球の製造方法。 - 造球された金属球を焼きなますアニーリングの工程を更に含む
ことを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項2の何れか1項に記載の金属球の製造方法。 - 請求項1〜請求項3の何れか1項に記載の製造方法で製造された金属球を含有することを特徴とする接合材料。
- 請求項1〜請求項3の何れか1項に記載の製造方法で製造されたα線量が0.0200cph/cm 2 以下であり、真球度が0.90以上である
ことを特徴とする金属球。 - 請求項5に記載の金属球を含有することを特徴とする接合材料。
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| PCT/JP2014/052570 WO2015118612A1 (ja) | 2014-02-04 | 2014-02-04 | 金属球の製造方法、接合材料及び金属球 |
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| JP6341330B1 (ja) | 2017-12-06 | 2018-06-13 | 千住金属工業株式会社 | Cuボール、OSP処理Cuボール、Cu核ボール、はんだ継手、はんだペースト、フォームはんだ及びCuボールの製造方法 |
| JP6836091B1 (ja) * | 2020-04-10 | 2021-02-24 | 千住金属工業株式会社 | はんだ合金、はんだ粉末、ソルダペースト、はんだボール、ソルダプリフォーム及びはんだ継手 |
| JP7041710B2 (ja) * | 2020-04-30 | 2022-03-24 | 千住金属工業株式会社 | 鉛フリーかつアンチモンフリーのはんだ合金、はんだボール、Ball Grid Arrayおよびはんだ継手 |
| JP6928295B1 (ja) * | 2020-10-02 | 2021-09-01 | 千住金属工業株式会社 | フラックス及びソルダペースト |
| JP6928296B1 (ja) * | 2020-10-02 | 2021-09-01 | 千住金属工業株式会社 | ソルダペースト |
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| JP3407839B2 (ja) * | 1995-12-27 | 2003-05-19 | 富士通株式会社 | 半導体装置のはんだバンプ形成方法 |
| JP2002206103A (ja) * | 2000-11-09 | 2002-07-26 | Nikko Materials Co Ltd | 高純度ジルコニウム若しくはハフニウム粉の製造方法 |
| KR100572262B1 (ko) | 2000-10-02 | 2006-04-19 | 가부시키 가이샤 닛코 마테리알즈 | 고순도 지르코늄 또는 하프늄의 제조방법 |
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| US9597754B2 (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2017-03-21 | Jx Nippon Mining & Metals Corporation | Copper or copper alloy, bonding wire, method of producing the copper, method of producing the copper alloy, and method of producing the bonding wire |
| JP2013185214A (ja) * | 2012-03-08 | 2013-09-19 | Jx Nippon Mining & Metals Corp | α線量が少ないビスマス又はビスマス合金及びその製造方法 |
| US9668358B2 (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2017-05-30 | Senju Metal Industry Co., Ltd. | Cu ball |
| CN105392580B (zh) * | 2013-06-19 | 2017-04-26 | 千住金属工业株式会社 | Cu芯球 |
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| WO2015118612A1 (ja) | 2015-08-13 |
| JPWO2015118612A1 (ja) | 2017-03-23 |
| TW201544225A (zh) | 2015-12-01 |
| EP3103567A1 (en) | 2016-12-14 |
| TWI638698B (zh) | 2018-10-21 |
| CN105980087A (zh) | 2016-09-28 |
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| US20170182600A1 (en) | 2017-06-29 |
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