JP4619780B2 - 官能化されたエラストマーナノ複合物 - Google Patents
官能化されたエラストマーナノ複合物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4619780B2 JP4619780B2 JP2004519572A JP2004519572A JP4619780B2 JP 4619780 B2 JP4619780 B2 JP 4619780B2 JP 2004519572 A JP2004519572 A JP 2004519572A JP 2004519572 A JP2004519572 A JP 2004519572A JP 4619780 B2 JP4619780 B2 JP 4619780B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- rubber
- elastomer
- nanocomposite
- clay
- aryl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 202
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- -1 and curatives Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 59
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 58
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 35
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 34
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- VHOQXEIFYTTXJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutylene-isoprene copolymer Chemical compound CC(C)=C.CC(=C)C=C VHOQXEIFYTTXJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920005557 bromobutyl Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Maleimide Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C=C1 PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical class [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011593 sulfur Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- BKOOMYPCSUNDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbut-2-ene Chemical compound CC=C(C)C BKOOMYPCSUNDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005556 chlorobutyl Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000194 fatty acid Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930195729 fatty acid Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- OFNISBHGPNMTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylideneoxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound C=C1CC(=O)OC1=O OFNISBHGPNMTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000181 Ethylene propylene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920005683 SIBR Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- AYKYXWQEBUNJCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylfuran-2,5-dione Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)OC1=O AYKYXWQEBUNJCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical class [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- HIDBROSJWZYGSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylpyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 HIDBROSJWZYGSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MHNNAWXXUZQSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbut-1-ene Chemical compound CCC(C)=C MHNNAWXXUZQSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YHQXBTXEYZIYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbut-1-ene Chemical compound CC(C)C=C YHQXBTXEYZIYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-Et ester-Fumaric acid Natural products CCOC(=O)C=CC(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-WAYWQWQTSA-N Diethyl maleate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical class [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012933 diacyl peroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JBSLOWBPDRZSMB-BQYQJAHWSA-N dibutyl (e)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)\C=C\C(=O)OCCCC JBSLOWBPDRZSMB-BQYQJAHWSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ARJAWSKDSA-N dimethyl maleate Chemical compound COC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OC LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WTIFDVLCDRBEJK-VAWYXSNFSA-N diphenyl (e)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC(=O)/C=C/C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 WTIFDVLCDRBEJK-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N fumaric acid monomethyl ester Natural products COC(=O)C=CC(O)=O NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002432 hydroperoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-IHWYPQMZSA-N methyl hydrogen fumarate Chemical compound COC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005634 peroxydicarbonate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims 6
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 125000000864 peroxy group Chemical group O(O*)* 0.000 claims 2
- 150000004714 phosphonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920003049 isoprene rubber Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 35
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 29
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Natural products C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 22
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 17
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 13
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 12
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 8
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 5
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propene Chemical compound CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical compound C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N epsilon-caprolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCN1 JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- AFZSMODLJJCVPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzothiazol-2-yl disulfide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(SSC=3SC4=CC=CC=C4N=3)=NC2=C1 AFZSMODLJJCVPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- PBLZLIFKVPJDCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-aminododecanoic acid Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O PBLZLIFKVPJDCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004836 hexamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 2
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- SEEYREPSKCQBBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methylmaleimide Chemical compound CN1C(=O)C=CC1=O SEEYREPSKCQBBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004636 vulcanized rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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Description
本出願は、2002年7月5日に出願された米国特許暫定出願第60/394,152号に基づいて優先権を主張し、その開示を全体として引用により組み込む。
本発明は、クレー、望ましくは膨潤性クレー、及びC2乃至C10のオレフィンから誘導された単位を含有するエラストマーを含み、エラストマーが、エラストマーの側鎖として、官能化されたモノマー単位を有する、空気バリヤーに適するナノ複合物を提供する。エラストマーの望ましい態様には、イソブチレン−p−アルキルスチレンコポリマーエラストマー及びイソブチレン−イソプレンコポリマーエラストマーが含まれ、それらのエラストマーは、遊離基生成剤及び不飽和カルボン酸、不飽和エステル、不飽和イミド等をエラストマーと反応させることにより官能化される。一つの態様では、クレーは、アルキルアミン類及びシラン類のような剥離化剤をクレーに添加することにより剥離される。その組成物には、汎用ゴムのような第二ゴム、及び硬化剤、充填剤等が含まれ得る。本発明のナノ複合物は、タイヤインナーライナー及びインナーチューブのような改良された空気遮蔽特性を有する。
本発明は、輸送車、トラック、乗用車等用のインナーライナー及びインナーチューブのような空気バリヤーに適するナノ複合物物質を提供する。ナノ複合物の一つの面は、クレー、好ましくは膨潤性クレー、より好ましくは剥離されたクレー、及びC2乃至C10のオレフィンから誘導された単位を含有するエラストマーを含有し、エラストマーは、又、エラストマー、Eの側鎖の、下記の構造(I)及び(II):
により記載され得る官能化された基を有する官能化されたモノマー単位を含有する。
本発明の使用に適するエラストマーは、C2乃至C10のオレフィンから誘導された単位を含有する。本明細書で用いられるように、「オレフィン」という用語は、例えば、イソブチレンのような「イソオレフィン類」及び例えばイソプレンのような「マルチオレフィン類」を含む。好ましくは、エラストマーは又、エラストマー主鎖に結合した側鎖として、フェニル基を有するモノマー単位も含み、フェニル基は置換されているか又は非置換である。より好ましくは、エラストマーは又、スチレン及び置換されたスチレンから選ばれるスチレンから誘導された単位を含み、その非限定例には、α−メチルスチレン、o(オルト)−、m(メタ)−及びp(パラ)−メチルスチレン、o−、m−及びp−tert−ブチルスチレン等が含まれる。
本発明の組成物は、剥離化剤を用いて剥離され得るか又はされ得ない少なくとも一つのクレー、一つの態様では膨潤性クレーと、適する手段によりブレンドされた少なくとも一つの官能化されたエラストマーとを含有する。本発明の目的のために適する膨潤性クレー物質には、天然の又は合成のフィロシリケート、特にモンモリロナイト、ノントロナイト、バイデル石、ボルコンスコアイト、ラポナイト、ヘクトライト、サポナイト、ソーコナイト、マガダイト、ケニヤイト、スチーブンサイト等のようなスメクチッククレー、並びにヒル石、ハロイサイト、アルミン酸酸化物、ハイドロタルサイト等が含まれる。それらの膨潤性クレーは、一般的に、8乃至12オングストロームの厚さを有する複数の珪酸塩小板を有する粒子を含有し、中間層表面に存在するNa+、Ca2+、K+又はMg+2のような交換可能なカチオンを含有する。
第二ゴム、すなわち「汎用ゴム」成分が、本発明の組成物及び最終用途物品において存在し得る。それらのゴムは、エラストマー又はエラストマー/クレー組成物と適する手段によりブレンドされ得る。それらのゴムには、天然ゴム、ポリイソプレンゴム、スチレン−ブタジエンコポリマーゴム(SBR)、ポリブタジエンゴム(BR)、イソプレン−ブタジエンコポリマーゴム(IBR)、スチレン−イソプレン−ブタジエンゴム(SIBR)、エチレンープロピレンゴム(EBM)、エチレン−プロピレン−ジエンゴム(EPDM)、ポリスルフィド、ニトリルゴム、酸化プロピレンポリマー、星型分岐されたブチルゴム及びハロゲン化された星型分岐されたブチルゴム、臭素化ブチルゴム、塩素化ブチルゴム、星型分岐されたポリイソブチレンゴム、星型分岐された臭素化ブチル(ポリイソブチレン/イソプレンコポリマー)ゴム;イソブチレン−p−メチルスチレンコポリマー、及び例えば、イソブチレンから誘導された単位、p−メチルスチレンから誘導された単位及びp−ブロモメチルスチレンから誘導された単位のターポリマーのようなハロゲン化されたイソブチレン−p−メチルスチレンコポリマー、並びにそれらの混合物が含まれるがそれらに限定されない。
本発明のエラストマーの官能化を実施するのに適する化合物には、不飽和カルボン酸、不飽和エステル、不飽和無水物及び不飽和イミド、不飽和カルボン酸の誘導体及びそれらの混合物が含まれる。官能化化合物は、一つの態様では、3乃至22の炭素原子を有するモノカルボン酸又はポリカルボン酸であることができる。例として、官能化化合物は、マルイン酸、フマル酸、シトラコン酸、メサコン酸、イタコン酸、ヒミン酸、アセチレンジカルボン酸及びそれらの混合物から選ばれ得る。官能化化合物誘導体は、環状酸無水物、アミド、イミド、エステル及びそれらの混合物であることができる。
から選ばれる。
本発明のナノ複合物における使用のための官能化された又は「グラフトされた」C2乃至C7のオレフィンエラストマーは、先に記載したエラストマーを、一つ以上の遊離基開始剤の存在下で、反応域におけるグラフト化反応条件において、一つ以上の官能化化合物と接触させることにより製造される。それらの成分を、それらの成分を反応させる条件下で「接触」させ、従って、エラストマー主鎖構造の側鎖として、官能基で官能化されているエラストマーを生成する。その反応は、一つの態様ではクレーの存在下で行われ、他の態様ではクレーの不存在下で行われ、続いて、官能化化合物とエラストマーの反応生成物にクレーを添加させる。
から選ばれる官能基を有する官能化されたモノマー単位を含有する。
から選ばれる。
透過性試験
すべての試験片は徐冷して圧縮成形され、欠陥がないパッドを与える。圧縮成形されたパッドの典型的な厚さは約15ミルである。次に、透過性試験のために、成形されたパッドから、Arborプレスを用いて、次に2インチの直径ディスクを打ち抜いた。測定の前に、それらのディスクを60℃における真空オーブンにおいて一晩、状態調節した。40℃において、R.A.PasternakらによるJournal of Polymer Science、8巻:Part A−2、467頁(1970年)の原理でMocon OX−TRAN 2/61透過性試験機を用いて、酸素透過測定を行った。このように調製したディスクを枠組みに据付け、真空グリースでシールした。10psiの窒素をそのディスクの一つの側に保ち、もう一方の側は10psiの酸素である。窒素側において酸素センサーを用いて、時間での、窒素側における酸素濃度における増加をモニターし得た。酸素がディスクを透過するために必要な時間又は窒素側における酸素濃度が一定の値になるために必要な時間を記録し、酸素透過性を決定するために用いた。
本発明は、下記の実施例及び表を参照することにより限定されることを意味しないが、より良好に理解され得る。
Claims (39)
- クレーと、
C 4 乃至C 7 イソオレフィン及びp−アルキルスチレンコモノマーを含有するエラストマーとを含有するナノ複合物であり、
前記エラストマーは又、エラストマーの0.01重量%乃至15重量%の官能化されたモノマー単位も含有し、前記官能化されたモノマー単位がエラストマーE主鎖構造の側鎖である下記:
及び
[式中、Qは、O及びNR1基(式中、R1は、水素、C1乃至C20のアルキル、アルケニル又はアリール、置換されたC1乃至C20のアルキル、アルケニル又はアリールから選ばれる)から選ばれ、R2及びR2’は同じか又は異なり、水素、C1乃至C20のアルキル、アルケニル又はアリール、置換されたC1乃至C20アルキル、アルケニル又はアリール、ヒドロキシル及びC1乃至C20のアルコキシから選ばれ、R3及びR4は同じか又は異なり、−OR5及び−NHR5(式中、R5はR1と同じに定義される)から選ばれる]
から選ばれる官能基を有する、ナノ複合物。 - 前記p−アルキルスチレンから誘導された単位も前記官能基により官能化されている、請求項1に記載のナノ複合物。
- エラストマーがハロゲン化されていない、請求項1に記載のナノ複合物。
- C 4 乃至C 7 イソオレフィンが、イソブチレン、イソブテン、2−メチル−1−ブテン、3−メチル−1−ブテン、2−メチル−2−ブテン及び4−メチル−1−ペンテンの一つ以上から選ばれる、請求項1に記載のナノ複合物。
- p−アルキルスチレンから誘導された単位がエラストマーの1乃至15重量%存在する、請求項1に記載のナノ複合物。
- エラストマーが、C 4 乃至C 7 イソオレフィンから誘導された単位及びp−メチルスチレンから誘導された単位を含有する、請求項1に記載のナノ複合物。
- クレーが、剥離化剤で処理されて、剥離されたクレーを生成している、請求項1に記載のナノ複合物。
- 剥離化剤が、アンモニウムイオン、アルキルアミン、アルキルアンモニウムイオン(一級、二級、三級及び四級)、脂肪族アミン、芳香族アミン又はアリール脂肪族アミンのホスホニウム誘導体又はスルホニウム誘導体、ホスフィン及び硫化物並びにそれらのブレンドから選ばれる、請求項7に記載のナノ複合物。
- クレーが、ナノ複合物の0.1重量%乃至50重量%存在する、請求項1に記載のナノ複合物。
- クレーが、ナノ複合物の0.2重量%乃至10重量%存在する、請求項1に記載のナノ複合物。
- クレーが、ナノ複合物の1重量%乃至30重量%存在する、請求項1に記載のナノ複合物。
- カーボンブラック、改質されたカーボンブラック、シリカ、沈降シリカ及びそれらのブレンドから選ばれる充填剤も含有する、請求項1に記載のナノ複合物。
- 硬化剤も含有する、請求項1に記載のナノ複合物。
- 硬化剤が、亜鉛、ステアリン酸亜鉛、脂肪酸、硫黄、ジアミン及びジアミン誘導体並びにそれらの混合物を含む、請求項13に記載のナノ複合物。
- 天然ゴム、ポリブタジエンゴム、ニトリルゴム、珪素ゴム、ポリイソプレンゴム、スチレン−ブタジエンコポリマーゴム、イソプレン−ブタジエンコポリマーゴム、スチレン−イソプレン−ブタジエンゴム、エチレン−プロピレンゴム、臭素化ブチルゴム、塩素化ブチルゴム、ハロゲン化イソプレンコポリマー、ハロゲン化イソブチレンコポリマー、ポリクロロプレン、星型分岐されたポリイソブチレンゴム、星型分岐された臭素化ブチルゴム、イソブチレン−イソプレンコポリマーゴム、ハロゲン化されたイソブチレン−p−メチルスチレンコポリマー及びそれらの混合物から選ばれる第二ゴムも含有する、請求項1に記載のナノ複合物。
- 請求項1に記載のナノ複合物を含有するタイヤインナーライナー。
- 請求項1に記載のナノ複合物を含有するインナーチューブ。
- (a) C 4 乃至C 7 イソオレフィンから誘導された単位及びp−アルキルスチレンコモノマーを有するエラストマー、
(b)不飽和酸無水物、不飽和エステル、不飽和イミド及びそれらの混合物から選ばれる少なくとも1つの官能化化合物、
(c)少なくとも1つの遊離基開始剤及び
(d)クレー
を接触させることを含む、ナノ複合物を生成する方法であって、
エラストマーが、官能化化合物と接触させることにより官能化され、官能性基がエラストマーにおいてエラストマーの0.01重量%乃至15重量%存在し、
、前記官能化されたモノマー単位がエラストマーE主鎖構造の側鎖である下記:
及び
[式中、Qは、O及びNR 1 基(式中、R 1 は、水素、C 1 乃至C 20 のアルキル、アルケニル又はアリール、置換されたC 1 乃至C 20 のアルキル、アルケニル又はアリールから選ばれる)から選ばれ、R 2 及びR 2’ は同じか又は異なり、水素、C 1 乃至C 20 のアルキル、アルケニル又はアリール、置換されたC 1 乃至C 20 アルキル、アルケニル又はアリール、ヒドロキシル及びC 1 乃至C 20 のアルコキシから選ばれ、R 3 及びR 4 は同じか又は異なり、−OR 5 及び−NHR 5 (式中、R 5 はR 1 と同じに定義される)から選ばれる]
から選ばれる官能基を有する、ナノ複合物を生成する方法。 - エラストマーを最初に官能化化合物と接触させ、続いてクレーと接触させる、請求項18に記載の方法。
- エラストマー、クレー及び官能化化合物を同時に接触させる、請求項18に記載の方法。
- エラストマー及び官能化化合物が希釈剤中で可溶化される、請求項19又は請求項20に記載の方法。
- エラストマー及び官能化化合物が溶融ブレンドされる、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 遊離基開始剤が、ジアシル過酸化物、ケトン過酸化物、パーオキシエステル、パーオキシジカーボネート、ジアルキル過酸化物、ヒドロパーオキシド、パーオキシケタールから選ばれる過酸化物である、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 官能化化合物が、マレイン酸モノメチル、マレイン酸ジメチル、マレイン酸ジエチル、マレイン酸ジフェニル、フマル酸ジブチル、マレイミド、無水シトラコン酸、無水イタコン酸、無水マレイン酸、N,N−フェニレンジマレイミド、N−メチルマレイミド、N−フェニルマレイミド、マレイン酸、イタコン酸及びそれらのカルボン酸金属誘導体から選ばれる、請求項18に記載の方法。
- C 4 乃至C 7 イソオレフィンが、イソブチレン、イソブテン、2−メチル−1−ブテン、3−メチル−1−ブテン、2−メチル−2−ブテン及び4−メチル−1−ペンテンの一つ以上から選ばれる、請求項18に記載の方法。
- p−アルキルスチレンから誘導された単位がエラストマーの1乃至15重量%存在する、請求項18に記載の方法。
- エラストマーが、C 4 乃至C 7 イソオレフィンから誘導された単位及びp−メチルスチレンから誘導された単位を含有する、請求項18に記載の方法。
- クレーが、剥離化剤で処理されて、剥離されたクレーを生成する、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 剥離化剤が、アンモニウムイオン、アルキルアミン、アルキルアンモニウムイオン(一級、二級、三級及び四級)、脂肪族アミン、芳香族アミン又はアリール脂肪族アミンのホスホニウム誘導体又はスルホニウム誘導体、ホスフィン及び硫化物並びにそれらのブレンドから選ばれる、請求項29に記載の方法。
- クレーが、ナノ複合物の0.1重量%乃至50重量%存在する、請求項18に記載の方法。
- クレーが、ナノ複合物の0.2重量%乃至10重量%存在する、請求項18に記載の方法。
- クレーが、ナノ複合物の1重量%乃至30重量%存在する、請求項18に記載の方法。
- カーボンブラック、改質されたカーボンブラック、シリカ、沈降シリカ及びそれらのブレンドから選ばれる充填剤も含有する、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 硬化剤も含有する、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 硬化剤が、亜鉛、ステアリン酸亜鉛、脂肪酸、硫黄、ジアミン及びジアミン誘導体及びそれらの混合物を含む、請求項35に記載の方法。
- 天然ゴム、ポリブタジエンゴム、ニトリルゴム、珪素ゴム、ポリイソプレンゴム、スチレン−ブタジエンコポリマーゴム、イソプレン−ブタジエンコポリマーゴム、スチレン−イソプレン−ブタジエンゴム、エチレン−プロピレンゴム、臭素化ブチルゴム、塩素化ブチルゴム、ハロゲン化イソプレンコポリマー、ハロゲン化イソブチレンコポリマー、ポリクロロプレン、星型分岐されたポリイソブチレンゴム、星型分岐された臭素化ブチルゴム、イソブチレン−イソプレンコポリマーゴム、ハロゲン化されたイソブチレン−p−メチルスチレンコポリマー、及びそれらの混合物から選ばれる第二ゴムも含有する、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 請求項18に記載の方法により製造されるタイヤインナーライナー。
- 請求項18に記載の方法により製造されるインナーチューブ。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US39415202P | 2002-07-05 | 2002-07-05 | |
| PCT/US2003/017204 WO2004005388A1 (en) | 2002-07-05 | 2003-05-30 | Functionalized elastomer nanocomposite |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2005532449A JP2005532449A (ja) | 2005-10-27 |
| JP4619780B2 true JP4619780B2 (ja) | 2011-01-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004519572A Expired - Fee Related JP4619780B2 (ja) | 2002-07-05 | 2003-05-30 | 官能化されたエラストマーナノ複合物 |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8399551B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1527127B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4619780B2 (ja) |
| CN (2) | CN1665870A (ja) |
| AT (1) | ATE422520T1 (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2003245373A1 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2489875C (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE60326146D1 (ja) |
| RU (1) | RU2356921C2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2004005388A1 (ja) |
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- 2003-05-30 DE DE60326146T patent/DE60326146D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-05-30 AT AT03739012T patent/ATE422520T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-05-30 US US10/518,193 patent/US8399551B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-05-30 CN CN038157683A patent/CN1665870A/zh active Pending
- 2003-05-30 RU RU2005102925/04A patent/RU2356921C2/ru active
- 2003-05-30 JP JP2004519572A patent/JP4619780B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-05-30 WO PCT/US2003/017204 patent/WO2004005388A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-05-30 AU AU2003245373A patent/AU2003245373A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-05-30 CA CA2489875A patent/CA2489875C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-05-30 CN CN201210490822.3A patent/CN103013017B/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE60326146D1 (de) | 2009-03-26 |
| CN103013017B (zh) | 2017-03-01 |
| EP1527127B1 (en) | 2009-02-11 |
| US8399551B2 (en) | 2013-03-19 |
| EP1527127A1 (en) | 2005-05-04 |
| CA2489875C (en) | 2011-01-04 |
| WO2004005388A1 (en) | 2004-01-15 |
| JP2005532449A (ja) | 2005-10-27 |
| RU2356921C2 (ru) | 2009-05-27 |
| CA2489875A1 (en) | 2004-01-15 |
| CN103013017A (zh) | 2013-04-03 |
| AU2003245373A1 (en) | 2004-01-23 |
| ATE422520T1 (de) | 2009-02-15 |
| CN1665870A (zh) | 2005-09-07 |
| US20060100339A1 (en) | 2006-05-11 |
| RU2005102925A (ru) | 2005-10-10 |
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