JP2018153757A - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

There is provided a pulverizer having excellent pulverization efficiency and an excellent cooling function, and capable of preventing leakage of a cooling medium with a simple structure. A pulverizer for pulverizing a workpiece between tooth surfaces of a rotating tooth and a fixed tooth, the rotating shaft being provided through a cylindrical container and an end side wall of the container. And a rotating tooth 50 attached to the rotating shaft 30 and a fixed tooth 60 provided on the other end side wall 22 of the container 20, and at least one of the rotating tooth 50 and the fixed tooth 60 is a disc-shaped holding member 51, 61. And tooth members 52, 62 attached to one side of the holding members 51, 61, and cover members 53, 63 attached to the other side of the holding members 51, 61, and the holding members 51, 61 and the cover A cooling space for circulating a cooling medium is formed between the members 53 and 63. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention is a pulverizer that includes rotating teeth and fixed teeth, and pulverizes solid particles between facing tooth surfaces, and efficiently suppresses the temperature rise of the processed product, and completely processes the processed product and the cooling medium. The present invention relates to a crusher that can be shut off.

Patent Document 1 describes an example of a pulverizer that pulverizes solid particles.
The pulverizer includes a cylindrical container, a rotating shaft provided through one end side wall of the container, a rotating tooth attached to the rotating shaft, a fixed tooth provided on the other end side wall of the container, and a center of the fixed tooth. A crusher that crushes the processed material between the tooth surfaces of the fixed teeth and the rotating teeth, and has a processed product supply port provided via the section and a processed product discharge port provided on the peripheral wall of the container. is there.
The rotating teeth are rotated at a high speed of about 10,000 times per minute. The processed material is introduced from the supply port on the other end side through the central portion of the fixed tooth, and is introduced between the tooth surfaces of the rotating tooth and the fixed tooth. It is processed.

These types of pulverizers have been widely used for mashing cereals and beans, but recently, they are also used for pulverizing waste rubber materials, wood, plastics and the like. That is, it is also suitable for pulverization of elastic materials and materials with high toughness.
However, since the temperature rises due to the pulverization process, a cooling function may be required depending on the processed product.

For example, when the processed material is plastic, it may melt at a high temperature and the pulverization process may be impossible.
In the case where the processed product is a food, if the temperature rises, it will rot due to oxidation by air or bacterial growth, destroying nutrients and losing the original aroma and taste of the material.

Patent Document 2 describes a similar pulverizer that includes a rotating tooth and a fixed tooth and includes a cooling mechanism.
However, since the entire cooling mechanism is very complicated, it is inevitable that the cooling medium leaks to the processing object side.
In other words, in addition to the impact force generated between the tooth surfaces when pulverizing the processed material, in order to cause the cooling medium to flow in the complicated flow path, vigorous vibration occurs when the rotating tooth is rotated at a high speed. is there. When the shape change of each member due to temperature change overlaps with this, the seal member is damaged and the cooling medium leaks.

Patent Document 3 describes another pulverizer having rotating teeth and fixed teeth. The rotating tooth and the fixed tooth are positioned with their tooth surfaces facing each other. The rotating tooth has a planar tooth surface, and the fixed tooth has a tooth surface with a recessed central portion.
Patent Document 4 describes another pulverizer having rotating teeth and fixed teeth. The rotating tooth and the fixed tooth are positioned with their tooth surfaces facing each other, but the fixed tooth has a tooth surface with a protruding central portion, and the rotating tooth has a tooth surface with a recessed central portion.

JP-A-10-28894 JP 59-90644 WO2004 / 078354 JP-A-8-207045

  An object of the present invention is a pulverizer equipped with a rotating tooth and a fixed tooth in a cylindrical container for rotating the rotating tooth at a high speed to provide excellent pulverization efficiency and to suppress an increase in the temperature of a processed product. An object of the present invention is to provide a crusher having a cooling function. Another object of the present invention is to provide a pulverizer capable of preventing leakage of a cooling medium with a simple structure and exhibiting an efficient cooling function.

  The present invention is a pulverizer for pulverizing a workpiece between tooth surfaces of a rotating tooth and a fixed tooth, a cylindrical container, a rotating shaft provided through one end side wall of the container, and the rotating shaft The rotating teeth attached to the other end side wall of the container, and at least one of the rotating teeth and the fixing teeth is a disk-shaped holding member and one side of the holding member And a cover member attached to the other side of the holding member, and a cooling space for circulating a cooling medium is formed between the holding member and the cover member. It is a feature.

And it is preferable that the said holding member is provided with the protrusion part toward the said cooling space.
The protrusion may be in close contact with the cover member to form a flow path for the cooling medium in the cooling space.
Moreover, the said protrusion part can be set as the aspect provided with the screw hole which has not penetrated in order to fix the said tooth member.
Moreover, both the said rotation tooth and the said fixed tooth can be set as the aspect provided with the tooth surface which dented the center part.

The pulverizer of the present invention can form a cooling space with a simple structure by adopting a means for bringing the cooling medium into indirect contact via the holding member rather than directly contacting the tooth member. The leakage of the cooling medium can be completely prevented. Then, the rotating teeth can be stably rotated at a high speed of about 10,000 times per minute, and high grinding efficiency can be obtained.
In addition, since the holding member includes the protruding portion toward the cooling space, the fin effect is provided, and a cooling mechanism with high heat transfer efficiency can be formed.

It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows an example of the grinder of this invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. 1. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the detail of a rotation tooth. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the detail of a fixed tooth. It is the schematic of the holding member for illustrating a protrusion part.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a pulverizer of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line XX in FIG.
The crusher 10 is similar to a centrifugal pump and a centrifugal blower in its appearance and the like.

The centrifugal pump and the centrifugal blower are provided with a container (casing) having a substantially cylindrical shape. And the rotating shaft is provided through the one end side wall of the container, and the rotary blade is attached to the tip.
The other end side wall of the container is provided with a fluid supply port, and the peripheral wall is provided with a fluid discharge port. The fluid introduced into the container from the supply port is discharged from the discharge port after being pressurized by the rotor blades. The fluid is supplied continuously or intermittently.

In the pulverizer 10, a rotating shaft 30 that passes through one end side wall 21 of the container 20 is provided in a cylindrical container 20, and rotating teeth 50 are attached to the rotating shaft 30.
The other end side wall 22 of the container 20 is closed by a lid member 25 having fixed teeth 60, and a processed product supply port 28 is provided via a central portion of the lid member 25. The peripheral wall 23 of the container 20 is provided with a discharge port 29 for processed material. And a processed material is supplied continuously or intermittently, and receives a grinding | pulverization process.

  A bearing portion 31 including a bearing 32 is provided on one end side wall 21 of the container 20 in order to support the rotating shaft 30. In addition, the bearing portion 31 is provided with a seal member (not shown) in order to partition the inside of the container 20 and the bearing 32. It is also possible to seal using a gas such as air.

The rotating tooth 50 attached to the rotating shaft 30 includes a rotating side holding member 51, a rotating side tooth member 52, a rotating side cover member 53, and the like. The rotating tooth 50 is positioned with its tooth surface facing the fixed tooth 60.
And the cooling space A which distribute | circulates a cooling medium is formed between the rotation side holding member 51 and the rotation side cover member 53, and it can cool without making the rotation side tooth member 52 contact a cooling medium directly. It has become.

The other end side wall 22 of the container 20 is closed by a removable lid member 25, and fixed teeth 60 are attached to the lid member 25. The fixed tooth 60 includes a fixed side holding member 61, a fixed side tooth member 62, a fixed side cover member 63, and the like. The fixed tooth 60 is positioned with its tooth surface facing the rotating tooth 50.
And the cooling space B which distribute | circulates a cooling medium is formed between the stationary side holding member 61 and the stationary side cover member 63, and it can cool, without making the stationary side tooth member 62 contact a cooling medium directly It has become.

  In this specification, the rotation-side holding member 51 and the fixed-side holding member 61 are simply referred to as “holding members”, the rotation-side tooth member 52 and the fixed-side tooth member 62 are simply referred to as “tooth members”, and the rotation-side cover member 53. The fixed-side cover member 63 is simply referred to as a “cover member”.

In the pulverizer 10, both the rotating teeth 50 and the fixed teeth 60 are configured to include a holding member, a tooth member, and a cover member. However, only one of the teeth may include a holding member, a tooth member, and a cover member.
That is, in the present invention, at least one of the rotating teeth and the fixed teeth includes a disk-shaped holding member, a tooth member attached to one side of the holding member, and a cover member attached to the other side of the holding member. It is configured.

The rotating tooth 50 will be described with reference to FIG.
In addition, in order to simplify and show the following figures, description of a bolt nut and a bolt hole is abbreviate | omitted as much as possible, and the position in sectional drawing is shown with a dashed-dotted line. Similarly, for a sealing member such as an O-ring, the position in the cross-sectional view is indicated by a white circle.

  The rotating shaft 30 has a tubular shape for allowing the cooling medium to flow through the rotating teeth 50, and is formed by inserting the small tube 40 into the space in the shaft. The shaft tip portion 33 to which the rotating tooth 50 is attached is formed with a small diameter, the tip is closed and a male screw 34 is formed. A cap nut 35 can be attached here.

  A rotary joint (not shown) is attached to the drive unit side of the rotary shaft 30, and a cooling medium supply pipe and a discharge pipe can be connected to the rotary joint. The inside and outside of the small tube 40 to be inserted can be used as a cooling medium flow path. Specifically, a partition member 80 such as an O-ring is provided between the inner wall of the rotating shaft 30 and the outer wall of the small tube 40, and the opening 36 and the opening 37 are provided on both sides thereof. A flow path of the cooling medium leading to A can be formed.

The rotation-side holding member 51 includes a cylindrical shaft holding portion 54 at the center, and can be attached in close contact with the shaft tip portion 33 of the rotation shaft 30.
In the shaft holding portion 54, a flow path 71 that communicates with the opening 36 of the rotating shaft 30 and a flow path 72 that communicates with the opening 37 of the rotating shaft 30 are formed.

Here, the cooling medium reverses from the inside of the tube to the outside of the tube at the tip of the small tube 40 to form a flow that reaches the opening 36, and the cooling space A passes through the flow path 71 of the shaft holding unit 54 from the opening 36. A supply-side flow path leading to is formed.
In addition, the rotation-side cover member 53 includes a flow path 73 and communicates the cooling space A and the flow path 72, thereby reaching the opening 37 from the cooling space A via the flow path 73 and the flow path 72. A discharge-side flow path is formed.

  The rotation-side holding member 51 is attached to the rotation shaft 30 in a state where the shaft holding portion 54 is sandwiched between the two end plates 55 and 56. For this reason, by tightening the cap nut 35, the shaft holding portion 54 positioned at the small-diameter shaft tip portion 33 is pressed and fixed to the large-diameter side of the rotary shaft 30 together with the end plates 55 and 56. become.

A seal member 81 is provided between the end plate 55 and the shaft tip portion 33, and a seal member 82 is provided between the end plate 55 and the shaft holding portion 54. Similarly, a seal member 83 is provided between the end plate 56 and the shaft tip portion 33, and a seal member 84 is provided between the end plate 56 and the shaft holding portion 54. Therefore, by tightening the cap nut 35, the space between the shaft tip portion 33 and the shaft holding portion 54 is tightly sealed, and leakage of the cooling medium can be reliably prevented.
Note that an O-ring is normally used as the seal member 81 and the like.

Further, seal members 85 and 86 are provided between the rotation-side cover member 53 and the rotation-side holding member 51. For this reason, by tightening the bolt 91, the space between the rotation side cover member 53 and the rotation side holding member 51 is tightly sealed, and leakage of the cooling medium can be reliably prevented.
As a female screw for the male screw bolt 91, a nut may be used, or a screw hole may be provided in the rotation side holding member 51 or the rotation side cover member 53.

The fixed teeth 60 will be described with reference to FIG.
A cooling space B is formed between the fixed side holding member 61 and the fixed side cover member 63.
The fixed side holding member 61 and the fixed side cover member 63 are sealed by two seal members 87 and 88 and fixed by bolts 92 and 93 attached to two bolt circles.
The fixed-side holding member 61 is fixed to the lid member 25 by bolts 94, and the lid member 25 is fixed to the container 20 by bolts 95.

A nozzle 75 and a nozzle 76 formed of a short pipe are attached to the fixed cover member 63, and a cooling medium supply pipe and a discharge pipe can be connected thereto.
The nozzle 75 and the nozzle 76 are formed so as to protrude outside the lid member 25 through the through holes 26 and 27 provided in the lid member 25.
In this way, the cooling space B can be formed with a simple structure, and leakage of the cooling medium can be completely prevented.

Next, the cooling space B will be described. About the cooling space A, since it becomes the same content, description is abbreviate | omitted and only a required matter is added.
In FIG. 1, it has been described that the cooling space B is formed between the fixed-side holding member 61 and the fixed-side cover member 63, but simply shows that an annular space is formed.
Here, the protrusions 66, 67, and 68 provided in the annular cooling space B will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

  The annular cooling space B is formed so that an annular recess is formed on one surface of the fixed-side holding member 61 and a flat plate-like fixed-side cover member 63 is placed thereon. And the protrusion parts 66, 67, and 68 are formed toward the cooling space B from the bottom face of the hollow. Here, the case where all are formed linearly and arranged radially is shown, but for example, they can be formed in an arc shape and arranged concentrically, and can be changed as appropriate according to the purpose of use. it can.

The protrusion 66 is formed from the inner peripheral wall 64 of the annular space toward the outer peripheral wall 65.
The protrusion 67 is formed from the outer peripheral wall 65 of the annular space toward the inner peripheral wall 64.
The protrusion 68 is formed so as to connect the inner peripheral wall 64 and the outer peripheral wall 65 of the annular space.

One of the purposes of forming the protrusions 66 and the like is to form a flow passage in which the cooling medium flows in the cooling space B by a piston flow, thereby preventing a short circuit and improving heat transfer.
Here, the flow path which goes around the cooling space B in the circumferential direction is formed by the protrusions 66, 67, and 68. When the cooling medium is supplied from the nozzle 75 to the cooling space B, it can be discharged from the nozzle 76 through the space between the alternately arranged protrusions 66 and protrusions 67.

As described above, when the flow path is formed to improve heat transfer, it is preferable that all the protruding portions 66 and the like are in close contact with the fixed-side cover member 63 to prevent a short circuit of the flow.
That is, as shown in the direction of the arrow ZZ, it is preferable that the height h of the projecting portion 66 and the like is set to the maximum value.

Another purpose of forming the protrusions 66 and the like is to give them a fin effect to improve heat transfer. In the case of simply forming a flow passage, the same effect can be obtained even if the protruding portion 66 and the like are provided on the fixed-side cover member 63.
However, in order to obtain the fin effect, it is necessary to provide the protruding portion 66 and the like on the fixed side holding member 61 so as to increase the area where the fixed side holding member 61 contacts the cooling medium. In the case where the fin effect is further prioritized, it is possible to make a random flow without bringing the protrusion 66 and the like into close contact with the fixed-side cover member 63.

Another purpose of forming the protrusion 66 and the like is to provide a female screw for fixing the fixed side tooth member 62.
Since the cooling space B is provided to cool the fixed side tooth member 62, it is preferable to position the cooling space B so as to overlap with the fixed side tooth member 62 as much as possible. For this reason, when the fixed side tooth member 62 is attached to the fixed side holding member 61 with a bolt, it is preferable to position the bolt also in the space of the cooling space B.

In this case, it is necessary to penetrate the bolt hole into at least one of the fixed side holding member 61 or the fixed side tooth member 62. However, providing a through hole in the fixed holding member 61 in which the cooling space B is formed is not preferable because the cooling medium leaks from the cooling space B to the fixed tooth member 62 side.
Therefore, a through-hole is provided in the fixed-side tooth member 62, and the plate thickness of the fixed-side holding member 61 is increased to form a female screw that does not penetrate.

However, the movement of heat in the fixed-side holding member 61 is conduction, and it is preferable that the plate thickness t indicated by the arrow ZZ is thin. For this reason, it is preferable to reduce the plate thickness t and to increase the height h of the protrusion 66 and the like.
That is, as shown in the YY arrow view and the ZZ arrow view, the width 66 and the thickness (height h +) necessary for forming the screw hole 96 that does not penetrate the protrusion 66 and the like in this case are shown. It is preferable to have a plate thickness t).

  Thus, by forming the screw hole 96 for bolt attachment in the protrusion 66 of the fixed side holding member 61 and the like, the fixed side tooth member 62 can be securely attached to the fixed side holding member 61 and fixed. It is possible to reliably prevent the cooling medium flowing through the cooling space B of the side holding member 61 from leaking to the fixed side tooth member 62 side.

  The cooling space A can be considered in the same manner as the cooling space B. However, in order to rotate the rotating tooth 50 at a high speed, it is important to have a structure in which an eccentric load is not generated in the rotation-side holding member 51. It is preferable that the medium is equally arranged with a plurality of inlets and outlets.

The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and design changes that do not depart from the gist of the present invention are not limited thereto. include.
For example, the rotating tooth 50 and the fixed tooth 60 shown in FIG. 1 and the like have been shown to have a tooth surface with a recessed central part, but as described in Patent Document 3, one tooth It is also possible to form the surface as a flat surface, and as described in Patent Document 4, it is also possible to project the central portion of one tooth surface.

10: Crusher 20: Container 21: One end side wall 22: Other end side wall 30: Rotating shaft 50: Rotating tooth 51: Rotating side holding member 52: Rotating side tooth member 53: Rotating side cover member 60: Fixed tooth 61: Fixed side Holding member 62: Fixed side tooth member 63: Fixed side cover members 66, 67, 68: Protruding portion 96: Screw hole A: Cooling space B: Cooling space

Claims (5)

A crusher for crushing a processed material between tooth surfaces of a rotating tooth and a fixed tooth,
A cylindrical container;
A rotating shaft provided through one end side wall of the container;
The rotating teeth attached to the rotating shaft;
The fixed tooth provided on the other end side wall of the container,
At least one of the rotating tooth and the fixed tooth includes a disk-shaped holding member, a tooth member attached to one side of the holding member, and a cover member attached to the other side of the holding member,
A crusher characterized in that a cooling space for circulating a cooling medium is formed between the holding member and the cover member.   The pulverizer according to claim 1, wherein the holding member includes a protruding portion toward the cooling space.   The pulverizer according to claim 2, wherein the protruding portion is in close contact with the cover member and forms a flow path for the cooling medium in the cooling space.   The crusher according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the protruding portion includes a screw hole that does not penetrate to fix the tooth member. The pulverizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein each of the rotating teeth and the fixed teeth includes a tooth surface having a recessed central portion.