JP2012008133A - 疾患の予防および制御のための寄生虫性生物剤の使用 - Google Patents
疾患の予防および制御のための寄生虫性生物剤の使用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2012008133A JP2012008133A JP2011166246A JP2011166246A JP2012008133A JP 2012008133 A JP2012008133 A JP 2012008133A JP 2011166246 A JP2011166246 A JP 2011166246A JP 2011166246 A JP2011166246 A JP 2011166246A JP 2012008133 A JP2012008133 A JP 2012008133A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- regulatory
- cells
- cell
- mice
- disease
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 title description 8
- 239000003124 biologic agent Substances 0.000 title 1
- 230000006806 disease prevention Effects 0.000 title 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 210000003289 regulatory T cell Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 244000000013 helminth Species 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 102000040945 Transcription factor Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 108091023040 Transcription factor Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 91
- 108090000174 Interleukin-10 Proteins 0.000 claims description 60
- 102000003814 Interleukin-10 Human genes 0.000 claims description 58
- 108090000978 Interleukin-4 Proteins 0.000 claims description 32
- 102000004388 Interleukin-4 Human genes 0.000 claims description 32
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 31
- 102000004887 Transforming Growth Factor beta Human genes 0.000 claims description 26
- 108090001012 Transforming Growth Factor beta Proteins 0.000 claims description 26
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 25
- 208000023275 Autoimmune disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 101001057504 Homo sapiens Interferon-stimulated gene 20 kDa protein Proteins 0.000 claims description 16
- 101001055144 Homo sapiens Interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha Proteins 0.000 claims description 16
- 102100027268 Interferon-stimulated gene 20 kDa protein Human genes 0.000 claims description 16
- 102000008203 CTLA-4 Antigen Human genes 0.000 claims description 15
- 108010021064 CTLA-4 Antigen Proteins 0.000 claims description 15
- 108010002616 Interleukin-5 Proteins 0.000 claims description 15
- 102000000743 Interleukin-5 Human genes 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 102100030608 Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 7 Human genes 0.000 claims description 12
- 101700026522 SMAD7 Proteins 0.000 claims description 12
- 108020004999 messenger RNA Proteins 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 102100027581 Forkhead box protein P3 Human genes 0.000 claims description 9
- 101710088098 Forkhead box protein P3 Proteins 0.000 claims description 8
- 102000003816 Interleukin-13 Human genes 0.000 claims description 8
- 108090000176 Interleukin-13 Proteins 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000026935 allergic disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 101001018097 Homo sapiens L-selectin Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 102100033467 L-selectin Human genes 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002771 cell marker Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 101001046687 Homo sapiens Integrin alpha-E Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 102100022341 Integrin alpha-E Human genes 0.000 claims description 6
- 102000006495 integrins Human genes 0.000 claims description 6
- 108010044426 integrins Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 101000851370 Homo sapiens Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9 Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 101100013967 Mus musculus Gata3 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 101100260032 Mus musculus Tbx21 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 101150056647 TNFRSF4 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 108060008683 Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 102100036856 Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9 Human genes 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001363 autoimmune Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002458 cell surface marker Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 102000003298 tumor necrosis factor receptor Human genes 0.000 claims description 5
- 108700011778 CCR5 Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 abstract description 104
- 230000003915 cell function Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003248 secreting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 153
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 119
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 68
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 65
- 239000000427 antigen Substances 0.000 description 59
- 108091007433 antigens Proteins 0.000 description 58
- 102000036639 antigens Human genes 0.000 description 57
- 206010009887 colitis Diseases 0.000 description 57
- 210000001744 T-lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 49
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 49
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 48
- 102000004127 Cytokines Human genes 0.000 description 47
- 108090000695 Cytokines Proteins 0.000 description 47
- NHJVRSWLHSJWIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O NHJVRSWLHSJWIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 41
- 241000243780 Heligmosomoides polygyrus Species 0.000 description 38
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 38
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 36
- 208000022559 Inflammatory bowel disease Diseases 0.000 description 33
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 31
- 241000242680 Schistosoma mansoni Species 0.000 description 30
- 208000011231 Crohn disease Diseases 0.000 description 28
- 229940076144 interleukin-10 Drugs 0.000 description 27
- 102100036011 T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4 Human genes 0.000 description 26
- 201000006417 multiple sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 25
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 24
- 241000242678 Schistosoma Species 0.000 description 24
- LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I dipotassium trisodium dihydrogen phosphate hydrogen phosphate dichloride Chemical compound P(=O)(O)(O)[O-].[K+].P(=O)(O)([O-])[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Cl-].[K+].[Cl-].[Na+] LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 23
- 239000002953 phosphate buffered saline Substances 0.000 description 23
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 22
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 21
- 241000186367 Mycobacterium avium Species 0.000 description 19
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000002965 ELISA Methods 0.000 description 18
- 206010018691 Granuloma Diseases 0.000 description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 16
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 16
- QYSPLQLAKJAUJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N piroxicam Chemical compound OC=1C2=CC=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)N(C)C=1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=N1 QYSPLQLAKJAUJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229960002702 piroxicam Drugs 0.000 description 16
- 108010034145 Helminth Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 15
- 241001221734 Trichuris muris Species 0.000 description 15
- 230000028993 immune response Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 206010039073 rheumatoid arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 15
- 201000000306 sarcoidosis Diseases 0.000 description 15
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 15
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 14
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 13
- 241000960389 Trichuris suis Species 0.000 description 13
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 12
- 208000006673 asthma Diseases 0.000 description 12
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 201000004409 schistosomiasis Diseases 0.000 description 12
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 12
- 208000006968 Helminthiasis Diseases 0.000 description 11
- 108060003951 Immunoglobulin Proteins 0.000 description 11
- 239000006146 Roswell Park Memorial Institute medium Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 11
- 102000018358 immunoglobulin Human genes 0.000 description 11
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 11
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 11
- 208000014837 parasitic helminthiasis infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 11
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 210000004989 spleen cell Anatomy 0.000 description 11
- 102100028626 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase Human genes 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 208000035473 Communicable disease Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 230000009266 disease activity Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 10
- 229960005486 vaccine Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 241000242722 Cestoda Species 0.000 description 9
- 210000000447 Th1 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 210000004241 Th2 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 241001489145 Trichuris trichiura Species 0.000 description 9
- 239000013566 allergen Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000005784 autoimmunity Effects 0.000 description 9
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 9
- 210000002429 large intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 206010009900 Colitis ulcerative Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 102100037850 Interferon gamma Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 108010074328 Interferon-gamma Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 241000244206 Nematoda Species 0.000 description 8
- 108060008682 Tumor Necrosis Factor Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 206010067584 Type 1 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 201000006704 Ulcerative Colitis Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 8
- 201000002491 encephalomyelitis Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 8
- NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N insulin Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CN)C(C)CC)CSSCC(C(NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CSSCC(NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2NC=NC=2)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)CNC2=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)N3C(CCC3)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C)C(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C1CSSCC2NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)CC1=CN=CN1 NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 8
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000242711 Fasciola hepatica Species 0.000 description 7
- 208000034826 Genetic Predisposition to Disease Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 108010043121 Green Fluorescent Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 102000004144 Green Fluorescent Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 description 7
- 102000000588 Interleukin-2 Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 108010002350 Interleukin-2 Proteins 0.000 description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 102000000852 Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 7
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 239000005090 green fluorescent protein Substances 0.000 description 7
- 210000000987 immune system Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 210000004988 splenocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 7
- 208000032116 Autoimmune Experimental Encephalomyelitis Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 6
- -1 EAE Proteins 0.000 description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 102400000401 Latency-associated peptide Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 101800001155 Latency-associated peptide Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 108091008874 T cell receptors Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229960004784 allergens Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 208000010668 atopic eczema Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000001072 colon Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 208000012997 experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 238000000684 flow cytometry Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001900 immune effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000002458 infectious effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 210000004347 intestinal mucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 206010025135 lupus erythematosus Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 210000001165 lymph node Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 210000004400 mucous membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 210000003819 peripheral blood mononuclear cell Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- XOJVVFBFDXDTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pristane Chemical compound CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C XOJVVFBFDXDTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- UCSJYZPVAKXKNQ-HZYVHMACSA-N streptomycin Chemical compound CN[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@](C=O)(O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](NC(N)=N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](NC(N)=N)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O UCSJYZPVAKXKNQ-HZYVHMACSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- ZRKFYGHZFMAOKI-QMGMOQQFSA-N tgfbeta Chemical compound C([C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCSC)C(C)C)[C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(O)=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ZRKFYGHZFMAOKI-QMGMOQQFSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 5
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012981 Hank's balanced salt solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 102000018251 Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 108010091358 Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 206010028116 Mucosal inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 102000016266 T-Cell Antigen Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 241000243777 Trichinella spiralis Species 0.000 description 5
- 208000009956 adenocarcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 230000000172 allergic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003092 anti-cytokine Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000006285 cell suspension Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002757 inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 210000000265 leukocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229940096911 trichinella spiralis Drugs 0.000 description 5
- YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NHBKXEKEPDILRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-bis(butanoylsulfanyl)propyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OCC(SC(=O)CCC)CSC(=O)CCC NHBKXEKEPDILRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241001674044 Blattodea Species 0.000 description 4
- 201000009030 Carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 241000699800 Cricetinae Species 0.000 description 4
- 208000016192 Demyelinating disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 206010015150 Erythema Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 4
- WZUVPPKBWHMQCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Haematoxylin Chemical compound C12=CC(O)=C(O)C=C2CC2(O)C1C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1OC2 WZUVPPKBWHMQCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 101000801234 Homo sapiens Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 18 Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 102000004877 Insulin Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108090001061 Insulin Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 230000024932 T cell mediated immunity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 102100033728 Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 18 Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 208000030961 allergic reaction Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 206010003246 arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000003719 b-lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000011712 cell development Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002577 cryoprotective agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000016396 cytokine production Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 231100000321 erythema Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 244000052637 human pathogen Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000004046 hyporesponsiveness Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004957 immunoregulator effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000004969 inflammatory cell Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 229940125396 insulin Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 210000002540 macrophage Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000004877 mucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005180 public health Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003753 real-time PCR Methods 0.000 description 4
- DAEPDZWVDSPTHF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium pyruvate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(=O)C([O-])=O DAEPDZWVDSPTHF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 4
- 244000052613 viral pathogen Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OCC[NH+]1CCN(CCS([O-])(=O)=O)CC1 JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 208000004998 Abdominal Pain Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 241000238876 Acari Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000498253 Ancylostoma duodenale Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000244185 Ascaris lumbricoides Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000271566 Aves Species 0.000 description 3
- 210000002237 B-cell of pancreatic islet Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 108091003079 Bovine Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102100035875 C-C chemokine receptor type 5 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 101710149870 C-C chemokine receptor type 5 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 3
- 241001327965 Clonorchis sinensis Species 0.000 description 3
- 102100024484 Codanin-1 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 102000029816 Collagenase Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108060005980 Collagenase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241001137876 Diphyllobothrium Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000012591 Dulbecco’s Phosphate Buffered Saline Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006144 Dulbecco’s modified Eagle's medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001126301 Echinostoma Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000498255 Enterobius vermicularis Species 0.000 description 3
- 241001126309 Fasciolopsis Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 3
- 229930186217 Glycolipid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 206010072579 Granulomatosis with polyangiitis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000007995 HEPES buffer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001491880 Heterophyes Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 3
- 101000980888 Homo sapiens Codanin-1 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 208000029523 Interstitial Lung disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 108091054438 MHC class II family Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 241000498270 Necator americanus Species 0.000 description 3
- 241001126259 Nippostrongylus brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 3
- 102100029441 Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108091034117 Oligonucleotide Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 241001324821 Opisthorchis felineus Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000242726 Opisthorchis viverrini Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000935974 Paralichthys dentatus Species 0.000 description 3
- 229930182555 Penicillin Natural products 0.000 description 3
- JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N Penicillin G Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108010004729 Phycoerythrin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 241000244177 Strongyloides stercoralis Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000244155 Taenia Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000244157 Taenia solium Species 0.000 description 3
- 206010053613 Type IV hypersensitivity reaction Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010047115 Vasculitis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 201000009961 allergic asthma Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000007815 allergy Effects 0.000 description 3
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 3
- 229960002685 biotin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000011616 biotin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000004113 cell culture Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004663 cell proliferation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003833 cell viability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000003169 central nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000021735 chronic enteritis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960002424 collagenase Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000000112 colonic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000031513 cyst Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 210000001151 cytotoxic T lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 description 3
- 231100000517 death Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEYBRNLFEZDVAW-ARSRFYASSA-N dinoprostone Chemical compound CCCCC[C@H](O)\C=C\[C@H]1[C@H](O)CC(=O)[C@@H]1C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O XEYBRNLFEZDVAW-ARSRFYASSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008482 dysregulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012636 effector Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003862 glucocorticoid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000013632 homeostatic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003832 immune regulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003053 immunization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002649 immunization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000002602 induced regulatory T cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000019734 interleukin-12 production Effects 0.000 description 3
- 244000000053 intestinal parasite Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007928 intraperitoneal injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000004698 lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003226 mitogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010172 mouse model Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008506 pathogenesis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229940049954 penicillin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000010412 perfusion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000000813 small intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229960005322 streptomycin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000020382 suppression by virus of host antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I Effects 0.000 description 3
- 201000000596 systemic lupus erythematosus Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000035408 type 1 diabetes mellitus 1 Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000005951 type IV hypersensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000027930 type IV hypersensitivity disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 108010042708 Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 208000035285 Allergic Seasonal Rhinitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000243791 Angiostrongylus Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000031295 Animal disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000244023 Anisakis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000244188 Ascaris suum Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000208838 Asteraceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000588832 Bordetella pertussis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000754688 Cercaria Species 0.000 description 2
- 102000006573 Chemokine CXCL12 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010008951 Chemokine CXCL12 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000015943 Coeliac disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000003322 Coinfection Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 206010010741 Conjunctivitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000723382 Corylus Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010012305 Demyelination Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000000655 Distemper Diseases 0.000 description 2
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011510 Elispot assay Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010014950 Eosinophilia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000009386 Experimental Arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 229930182566 Gentamicin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- CEAZRRDELHUEMR-URQXQFDESA-N Gentamicin Chemical compound O1[C@H](C(C)NC)CC[C@@H](N)[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O[C@@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](NC)[C@@](C)(O)CO2)O)[C@H](N)C[C@@H]1N CEAZRRDELHUEMR-URQXQFDESA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000880292 Gnathostoma Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000024869 Goodpasture syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000035895 Guillain-Barré syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000030836 Hashimoto thyroiditis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 101001125026 Homo sapiens Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101000738771 Homo sapiens Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 208000006877 Insect Bites and Stings Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010023232 Joint swelling Diseases 0.000 description 2
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930182816 L-glutamine Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 102000043131 MHC class II family Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010049567 Miller Fisher syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010062207 Mycobacterial infection Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 102000004473 OX40 Ligand Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010042215 OX40 Ligand Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 208000030852 Parasitic disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 235000005205 Pinus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000218602 Pinus <genus> Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000209048 Poa Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000244039 Pseudoterranova Species 0.000 description 2
- 201000004681 Psoriasis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000238711 Pyroglyphidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000012979 RPMI medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102100037422 Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 206010039710 Scleroderma Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037065 Subacute sclerosing leukoencephalitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010042297 Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010042953 Systemic sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000006044 T cell activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006052 T cell proliferation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000029662 T-helper 1 type immune response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000244159 Taenia saginata Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000244031 Toxocara Species 0.000 description 2
- 102000009618 Transforming Growth Factors Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010009583 Transforming Growth Factors Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000242541 Trematoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001489151 Trichuris Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001638368 Trichuris vulpis Species 0.000 description 2
- 102100031988 Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108050002568 Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 208000027207 Whipple disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VREFGVBLTWBCJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alprazolam Chemical compound C12=CC(Cl)=CC=C2N2C(C)=NN=C2CN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VREFGVBLTWBCJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000003423 ankle Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000000013 bile duct Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000020958 biotin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010836 blood and blood product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940125691 blood product Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 210000001185 bone marrow Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229930183167 cerebroside Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 210000001175 cerebrospinal fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001436 collagen Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008951 colonic inflammation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012228 culture supernatant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001086 cytosolic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000433 cytotoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000001472 cytotoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960002986 dinoprostone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 210000001198 duodenum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229940111782 egg extract Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 206010014599 encephalitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000002158 endotoxin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003114 enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay Methods 0.000 description 2
- YQGOJNYOYNNSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N eosin Chemical compound [Na+].OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=C2C=C(Br)C(=O)C(Br)=C2OC2=C(Br)C(O)=C(Br)C=C21 YQGOJNYOYNNSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SEACYXSIPDVVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-L eosin Y Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=C2C=C(Br)C(=O)C(Br)=C2OC2=C(Br)C([O-])=C(Br)C=C21 SEACYXSIPDVVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 210000003743 erythrocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012894 fetal calf serum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960002518 gentamicin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 210000002175 goblet cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000005802 health problem Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000008216 herbs Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 208000010726 hind limb paralysis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 210000003630 histaminocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229940046533 house dust mites Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 210000005260 human cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000016784 immunoglobulin production Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940072221 immunoglobulins Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000003018 immunosuppressive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000028709 inflammatory response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000017307 interleukin-4 production Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001418 larval effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000518 lethal Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000001665 lethal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003563 lymphoid tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 208000008585 mastocytosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000030159 metabolic disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000010369 molecular cloning Methods 0.000 description 2
- BSOQXXWZTUDTEL-ZUYCGGNHSA-N muramyl dipeptide Chemical compound OC(=O)CC[C@H](C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](C)O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1NC(C)=O BSOQXXWZTUDTEL-ZUYCGGNHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 206010028417 myasthenia gravis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000027531 mycobacterial infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000005962 mycosis fungoides Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000008383 nephritis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- OIPPWFOQEKKFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N orcinol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1 OIPPWFOQEKKFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000000496 pancreas Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000007170 pathology Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000040430 polynucleotide Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108091033319 polynucleotide Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000002157 polynucleotide Substances 0.000 description 2
- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010036807 progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 2
- XEYBRNLFEZDVAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N prostaglandin E2 Natural products CCCCCC(O)C=CC1C(O)CC(=O)C1CC=CCCCC(O)=O XEYBRNLFEZDVAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011962 puddings Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002685 pulmonary effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010039083 rhinitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000017520 skin disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000002415 sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940054269 sodium pyruvate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 210000000278 spinal cord Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000003393 splenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011425 standardization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001179 synovial fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000451 tissue damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000827 tissue damage Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 108700012359 toxins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000013518 transcription Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035897 transcription Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000029069 type 2 immune response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001262 western blot Methods 0.000 description 2
- DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N β‐Mercaptoethanol Chemical compound OCCS DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JSPNNZKWADNWHI-PNANGNLXSA-N (2r)-2-hydroxy-n-[(2s,3r,4e,8e)-3-hydroxy-9-methyl-1-[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoctadeca-4,8-dien-2-yl]heptadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[C@@H](O)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@H](O)\C=C\CC\C=C(/C)CCCCCCCCC)CO[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JSPNNZKWADNWHI-PNANGNLXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MZOFCQQQCNRIBI-VMXHOPILSA-N (3s)-4-[[(2s)-1-[[(2s)-1-[[(1s)-1-carboxy-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-[[2-[[(2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCCN MZOFCQQQCNRIBI-VMXHOPILSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108091032973 (ribonucleotides)n+m Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000040650 (ribonucleotides)n+m Human genes 0.000 description 1
- PORPENFLTBBHSG-MGBGTMOVSA-N 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP(O)(O)=O)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC PORPENFLTBBHSG-MGBGTMOVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TZCPCKNHXULUIY-RGULYWFUSA-N 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OC[C@H](N)C(O)=O)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC TZCPCKNHXULUIY-RGULYWFUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUUHXMGGBIUAPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[1-[2-[[5-amino-2-[[1-[5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-2-[[1-[3-(1h-indol-3-yl)-2-[(5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]pentanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbon Chemical compound C1CCC(C(=O)N2C(CCC2)C(O)=O)N1C(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C1CCCN1C(=O)C(CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)C1CCCN1C(=O)C(CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)C1CCC(=O)N1 UUUHXMGGBIUAPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.OCC(N)(CO)CO QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FWMNVWWHGCHHJJ-SKKKGAJSSA-N 4-amino-1-[(2r)-6-amino-2-[[(2r)-2-[[(2r)-2-[[(2r)-2-amino-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]piperidine-4-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C([C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N1CCC(N)(CC1)C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 FWMNVWWHGCHHJJ-SKKKGAJSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010000077 Abdominal mass Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000002260 Alkaline Phosphatase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108020004774 Alkaline Phosphatase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000219496 Alnus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219498 Alnus glutinosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000223600 Alternaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000004881 Amebiasis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 206010001980 Amoebiasis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010002198 Anaphylactic reaction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001147657 Ancylostoma Species 0.000 description 1
- 201000003076 Angiosarcoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102100030988 Angiotensin-converting enzyme Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 206010002556 Ankylosing Spondylitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000006306 Antigen Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 235000003826 Artemisia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003261 Artemisia vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006891 Artemisia vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010003402 Arthropod sting Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010003645 Atopy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037187 Autoimmune Experimental Neuritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010071576 Autoimmune aplastic anaemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010003827 Autoimmune hepatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010050245 Autoimmune thrombocytopenia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108090001008 Avidin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000023328 Basedow disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010061692 Benign muscle neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000219429 Betula Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003932 Betula Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018185 Betula X alpestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018212 Betula X uliginosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000219430 Betula pendula Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219495 Betulaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000008439 Biliary Liver Cirrhosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000033222 Biliary cirrhosis primary Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010005003 Bladder cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000238657 Blattella germanica Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010051728 Bone erosion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001174990 Boros Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000339490 Brachyachne Species 0.000 description 1
- 102100025074 C-C chemokine receptor-like 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010074051 C-Reactive Protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100032752 C-reactive protein Human genes 0.000 description 1
- YDNKGFDKKRUKPY-JHOUSYSJSA-N C16 ceramide Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)[C@H](O)C=CCCCCCCCCCCCCC YDNKGFDKKRUKPY-JHOUSYSJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000589876 Campylobacter Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000017897 Carcinoma of esophagus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000031229 Cardiomyopathies Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000726768 Carpinus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000726811 Carpinus betulus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010007710 Cartilage injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000025985 Central nervous system inflammatory disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000281762 Chenopodium ambrosioides Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000509 Chenopodium ambrosioides Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005490 Chenopodium botrys Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000006082 Chickenpox Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010008609 Cholangitis sclerosing Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000009016 Cholera Toxin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010049048 Cholera Toxin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000005243 Chondrosarcoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000006332 Choriocarcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000017667 Chronic Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010008874 Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000222290 Cladosporium Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010056979 Colitis microscopic Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000001543 Corylus americana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007582 Corylus avellana Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007466 Corylus avellana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010011732 Cyst Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108020004414 DNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000209210 Dactylis Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000001840 Dandruff Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000004624 Dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010012438 Dermatitis atopic Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010012455 Dermatitis exfoliative Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000238710 Dermatophagoides Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238713 Dermatophagoides farinae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238740 Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010061629 Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus antigen p 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010061608 Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus antigen p 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010013647 Drowning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000000059 Dyspnea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010013975 Dyspnoeas Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102100025137 Early activation antigen CD69 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 208000017701 Endocrine disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000709661 Enterovirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283086 Equidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000000832 Equine Encephalomyelitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000283073 Equus caballus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000701533 Escherichia virus T4 Species 0.000 description 1
- 108700039887 Essential Genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 240000000731 Fagus sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010099 Fagus sylvatica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000008808 Fibrosarcoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010016654 Fibrosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012413 Fluorescence activated cell sorting analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000018522 Gastrointestinal disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010064147 Gastrointestinal inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001448190 Gigantobilharzia huronensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000032612 Glial tumor Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010018338 Glioma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000022461 Glomerular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010018366 Glomerulonephritis acute Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010018367 Glomerulonephritis chronic Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004366 Glucose oxidase Substances 0.000 description 1
- JZNWSCPGTDBMEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerophosphorylethanolamin Natural products NCCOP(O)(=O)OCC(O)CO JZNWSCPGTDBMEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWZWYGMENQVNFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerophosphorylserin Natural products OC(=O)C(N)COP(O)(=O)OCC(O)CO ZWZWYGMENQVNFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000015023 Graves' disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010051539 HLA-DR2 Antigen Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000001204 Hashimoto Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000001258 Hemangiosarcoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000032843 Hemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010019728 Hepatitis alcoholic Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010020094 Hilar lymphadenopathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000008949 Histocompatibility Antigens Class I Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010088652 Histocompatibility Antigens Class I Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000018713 Histocompatibility Antigens Class II Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 208000017604 Hodgkin disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000021519 Hodgkin lymphoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000010747 Hodgkins lymphoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101000716068 Homo sapiens C-C chemokine receptor type 6 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000934374 Homo sapiens Early activation antigen CD69 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000861452 Homo sapiens Forkhead box protein P3 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001122938 Homo sapiens Lysosomal protective protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000716102 Homo sapiens T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000851376 Homo sapiens Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 8 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000701085 Human alphaherpesvirus 3 Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010020850 Hyperthyroidism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000009794 Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010061217 Infestation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010022678 Intestinal infections Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000015710 Iron-Deficiency Anemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010023203 Joint destruction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000012659 Joint disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000007766 Kaposi sarcoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000018142 Leiomyosarcoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000034624 Leukocytoclastic Cutaneous Vasculitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000032514 Leukocytoclastic vasculitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000209082 Lolium Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000019693 Lung disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010025102 Lung infiltration Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010058467 Lung neoplasm malignant Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010074338 Lymphokines Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000008072 Lymphokines Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 206010025323 Lymphomas Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102100028524 Lysosomal protective protein Human genes 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000000172 Medulloblastoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000018697 Membrane Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010052285 Membrane Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010027193 Meningioma malignant Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000699673 Mesocricetus auratus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000003250 Mixed connective tissue disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000699660 Mus musculus Species 0.000 description 1
- 101100394237 Mus musculus Hand1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000023178 Musculoskeletal disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000006386 Myelin Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010083674 Myelin Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000014767 Myeloproliferative disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000004458 Myoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CRJGESKKUOMBCT-VQTJNVASSA-N N-acetylsphinganine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)NC(C)=O CRJGESKKUOMBCT-VQTJNVASSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010029260 Neuroblastoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001126260 Nippostrongylus Species 0.000 description 1
- 108700002045 Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101150083031 Nod2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000015914 Non-Hodgkin lymphomas Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000000636 Northern blotting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000795633 Olea <sea slug> Species 0.000 description 1
- 101710160107 Outer membrane protein A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000002193 Pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 206010033799 Paralysis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000011152 Pemphigus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108090000882 Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000238675 Periplaneta americana Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000003992 Peroxidases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 201000005702 Pertussis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000746981 Phleum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000242594 Platyhelminthes Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010035664 Pneumonia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000005374 Poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000276498 Pollachius virens Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001213 Polysorbate 20 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010057244 Post viral fatigue syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000012654 Primary biliary cholangitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012980 RPMI-1640 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011529 RT qPCR Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010038389 Renal cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010057190 Respiratory tract infections Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010039085 Rhinitis allergic Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000607142 Salmonella Species 0.000 description 1
- 101000878031 Schistosoma mansoni 14 kDa fatty acid-binding protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001520865 Schistosomatium douthitti Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000002848 Schistosomiasis mansoni Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000010208 Seminoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002684 Sepharose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000009359 Sezary Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000021388 Sezary disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000607768 Shigella Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010090804 Streptavidin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710172711 Structural protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000018359 Systemic autoimmune disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000005867 T cell response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000031673 T-Cell Cutaneous Lymphoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000000662 T-lymphocyte subset Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 206010043276 Teratoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophosphoric acid Chemical group OP(O)(S)=O RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000031981 Thrombocytopenic Idiopathic Purpura Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001448052 Trichobilharzia ocellata Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000327320 Trichobilharzia physellae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000327347 Trichobilharzia stagnicolae Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004142 Trypsin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000631 Trypsin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010048302 Tubulointerstitial nephritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102100040247 Tumor necrosis factor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100036857 Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 8 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 208000025865 Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000009108 Urtica dioica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000218215 Urticaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010046980 Varicella Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000256856 Vespidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607626 Vibrio cholerae Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000036142 Viral infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607734 Yersinia <bacteria> Species 0.000 description 1
- ATBOMIWRCZXYSZ-XZBBILGWSA-N [1-[2,3-dihydroxypropoxy(hydroxy)phosphoryl]oxy-3-hexadecanoyloxypropan-2-yl] (9e,12e)-octadeca-9,12-dienoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(COP(O)(=O)OCC(O)CO)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C\C\C=C\CCCCC ATBOMIWRCZXYSZ-XZBBILGWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLCPHMBAVCMARE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-hydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methyl [5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] hydrogen phosphate Polymers Cc1cn(C2CC(OP(O)(=O)OCC3OC(CC3OP(O)(=O)OCC3OC(CC3O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)C(COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3CO)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)O2)c(=O)[nH]c1=O JLCPHMBAVCMARE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MZVQCMJNVPIDEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [CH2]CN(CC)CC Chemical group [CH2]CN(CC)CC MZVQCMJNVPIDEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940124832 acellular pertussis vaccine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000002552 acute disseminated encephalomyelitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000851 acute glomerulonephritis Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003470 adrenal cortex hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001042 affinity chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000002353 alcoholic hepatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000010105 allergic rhinitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010004469 allophycocyanin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- AWUCVROLDVIAJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-glycerophosphate Natural products OCC(O)COP(O)(O)=O AWUCVROLDVIAJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001668 ameliorated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000540 analysis of variance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012491 analyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000003455 anaphylaxis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000007502 anemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000004102 animal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005571 anion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000507 anthelmentic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005875 antibody response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940065524 anticholinergics inhalants for obstructive airway diseases Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003793 antidiarrheal agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000890 antigenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940125715 antihistaminic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000739 antihistaminic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006907 apoptotic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013011 aqueous formulation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008135 aqueous vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009052 artemisia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002917 arthritic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000544 articulatio talocruralis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 201000009361 ascariasis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000008937 atopic dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006470 autoimmune attack Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002358 autolytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002170 azathioprine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LMEKQMALGUDUQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N azathioprine Chemical compound CN1C=NC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1SC1=NC=NC2=C1NC=N2 LMEKQMALGUDUQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003855 balanced salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003445 biliary tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000027455 binding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000074 biopharmaceutical Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001574 biopsy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000001531 bladder carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000034158 bleeding Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000601 blood cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KQNZDYYTLMIZCT-KQPMLPITSA-N brefeldin A Chemical compound O[C@@H]1\C=C\C(=O)O[C@@H](C)CCC\C=C\[C@@H]2C[C@H](O)C[C@H]21 KQNZDYYTLMIZCT-KQPMLPITSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUMGSHROWPPKFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N brefeldin-A Natural products CC1CCCC=CC2(C)CC(O)CC2(C)C(O)C=CC(=O)O1 JUMGSHROWPPKFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000621 bronchi Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007975 buffered saline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000014058 canine distemper Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006727 cell loss Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011748 cell maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940106189 ceramide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZVEQCJWYRWKARO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceramide Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)C(=O)NC(CO)C(O)C=CCCC=C(C)CCCCCCCCC ZVEQCJWYRWKARO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RIZIAUKTHDLMQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerebroside D Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)C(=O)NC(C(O)C=CCCC=C(C)CCCCCCCCC)COC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1O RIZIAUKTHDLMQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001784 cerebrosides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000038 chest Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000812 cholinergic antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000037976 chronic inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006020 chronic inflammation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000850 chronic interstitial nephritis Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003501 co-culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940110456 cocoa butter Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019868 cocoa butter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001332 colony forming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002591 computed tomography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000010247 contact dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RKHQGWMMUURILY-UHRZLXHJSA-N cortivazol Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@@H]2C[C@H]([C@]([C@@]2(C)C[C@H](O)[C@@H]1[C@@]1(C)C2)(O)C(=O)COC(C)=O)C)=C(C)C1=CC1=C2C=NN1C1=CC=CC=C1 RKHQGWMMUURILY-UHRZLXHJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000004748 cultured cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000007241 cutaneous T cell lymphoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000035250 cutaneous malignant susceptibility to 1 melanoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000599 cytotoxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002619 cytotoxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000013872 defecation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003210 demyelinating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004443 dendritic cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000010643 digestive system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ZGSPNIOCEDOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium [3-[2,3-di(octadeca-9,12-dienoyloxy)propoxy-oxidophosphoryl]oxy-2-hydroxypropyl] 2,3-di(octadeca-9,12-dienoyloxy)propyl phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].CCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCC)COP([O-])(=O)OCC(O)COP([O-])(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCC ZGSPNIOCEDOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003828 downregulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940000406 drug candidate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003278 egg shell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010102 embolization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002257 embryonic structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002996 emotional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000000021 enteric pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000003979 eosinophil Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 206010057271 eosinophilic colitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000002919 epithelial cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000981 epithelium Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003238 esophagus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000004526 exfoliative dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000021045 exocrine pancreatic carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000028023 exocytosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003777 experimental drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000001155 extrinsic allergic alveolitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004700 fetal blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012091 fetal bovine serum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003754 fetus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004761 fibrosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000834 fixative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005206 flow analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- GNBHRKFJIUUOQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorescein Chemical compound O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC=C(O)C=C1OC1=CC(O)=CC=C21 GNBHRKFJIUUOQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001943 fluorescence-activated cell sorting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003194 forelimb Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010017758 gastric cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000010749 gastric carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003304 gavage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010353 genetic engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000054766 genetic haplotypes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004153 glucose metabolism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940116332 glucose oxidase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000030316 grade III meningioma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033687 granuloma formation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000010758 granulomatous inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003102 growth factor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002443 helper t lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005534 hematocrit Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000018706 hematopoietic system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000036732 histological change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010562 histological examination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000000011 human parasite Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000004408 hybridoma Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 201000001421 hyperglycemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000022098 hypersensitivity pneumonitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000006362 hypersensitivity vasculitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000003405 ileum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002519 immonomodulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940124644 immune regulator Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000026278 immune system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003018 immunoassay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940099472 immunoglobulin a Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000015446 immunoglobulin a vasculitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001114 immunoprecipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003308 immunostimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940124589 immunosuppressive drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012678 infectious agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000027866 inflammatory disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008611 intercellular interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000031261 interleukin-10 production Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000036971 interstitial lung disease 2 Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000028774 intestinal disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003871 intestinal function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007154 intracellular accumulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005024 intraepithelial lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007912 intraperitoneal administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000017169 kidney disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008141 laxative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002475 laxative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000032839 leukemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010024627 liposarcoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000007270 liver cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000014018 liver neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003141 lower extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 201000005202 lung cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000013123 lung function test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000020816 lung neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000012804 lymphangiosarcoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000004341 lymphocytic colitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003211 malignant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000350 mc(t) Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- BAXLBXFAUKGCDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N mebendazole Chemical compound [CH]1C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 BAXLBXFAUKGCDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003439 mebendazole Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 201000001441 melanoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010027191 meningioma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000001758 mesenteric vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000713 mesentery Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001872 metatarsal bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- RFKMCNOHBTXSMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxyflurane Chemical compound COC(F)(F)C(Cl)Cl RFKMCNOHBTXSMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002455 methoxyflurane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010208 microarray analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000000452 mid-foot Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003278 mimic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005087 mononuclear cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008881 mucosal defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000016379 mucosal immune response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002346 musculoskeletal system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000029766 myalgic encephalomeyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000005012 myelin Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001537 neural effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000926 neurological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VVGIYYKRAMHVLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N newbouldiamide Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(CO)NC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC VVGIYYKRAMHVLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000041 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940021182 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VQWNELVFHZRFIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N odn 1826 Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C(C)=CN1C(O1)CC(O)C1COP(O)(=O)OC1CC(N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)OC1COP(O)(=O)OC1CC(N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)OC1COP(O)(=O)OC1CC(N2C(N=C(N)C=C2)=O)OC1COP(O)(=O)OC1CC(N2C3=NC=NC(N)=C3N=C2)OC1COP(O)(=O)OC1CC(N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)OC1COP(O)(=O)OC1CC(N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)OC1COP(O)(=O)OC1CC(N2C(N=C(N)C=C2)=O)OC1COP(O)(=O)OC1CC(N2C(N=C(N)C=C2)=O)OC1COP(O)(=O)OC1CC(N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)OC1COP(O)(=O)OC(C(O1)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(N=C(N)C=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=NC=NC(N)=C3N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=NC=NC(N)=C3N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(N=C(N)C=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(N=C(N)C=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(O)=O)CC1N1C=C(C)C(=O)NC1=O VQWNELVFHZRFIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012898 one-sample t-test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000424 optical density measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000822 oral exposure Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000008968 osteosarcoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000001672 ovary Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012261 overproduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007427 paired t-test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000008443 pancreatic carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004091 panning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000024241 parasitism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001575 pathological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000001976 pemphigus vulgaris Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000005259 peripheral blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011886 peripheral blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004976 peripheral blood cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 108040007629 peroxidase activity proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 210000001986 peyer's patch Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- WTJKGGKOPKCXLL-RRHRGVEJSA-N phosphatidylcholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC WTJKGGKOPKCXLL-RRHRGVEJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008104 phosphatidylethanolamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003905 phosphatidylinositols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 108060006184 phycobiliprotein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013573 pollen allergen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000006292 polyarteritis nodosa Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940115272 polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000005987 polymyositis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000256 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010486 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000025638 primary cutaneous T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000000770 proinflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009696 proliferative response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000069 prophylactic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XJMOSONTPMZWPB-UHFFFAOYSA-M propidium iodide Chemical compound [I-].[I-].C12=CC(N)=CC=C2C2=CC=C(N)C=C2[N+](CCC[N+](C)(CC)CC)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 XJMOSONTPMZWPB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 210000002307 prostate Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011546 protein dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012474 protein marker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003127 radioimmunoassay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010727 rectal prolapse Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000000664 rectum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008844 regulatory mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007363 regulatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010174 renal carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003757 reverse transcription PCR Methods 0.000 description 1
- OARRHUQTFTUEOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N safranin Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=C(N)C(C)=CC2=NC2=CC(C)=C(N)C=C2[N+]=1C1=CC=CC=C1 OARRHUQTFTUEOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003118 sandwich ELISA Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037390 scarring Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000010157 sclerosing cholangitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009288 screen filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940125723 sedative agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000932 sedative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000013220 shortness of breath Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008279 sol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002023 somite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000009870 specific binding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000130 stem cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 201000000498 stomach carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000007929 subcutaneous injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010254 subcutaneous injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002511 suppository base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000004595 synovitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940037128 systemic glucocorticoids Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012353 t test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000814 tetanus toxoid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MPLHNVLQVRSVEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N texas red Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC(S(Cl)(=O)=O)=CC=C1C(C1=CC=2CCCN3CCCC(C=23)=C1O1)=C2C1=C(CCC1)C3=[N+]1CCCC3=C2 MPLHNVLQVRSVEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000115 thoracic cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001541 thymus gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001685 thyroid gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001256 tonic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108091006106 transcriptional activators Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009261 transgenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011830 transgenic mouse model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000035160 transmembrane proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091005703 transmembrane proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000012588 trypsin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000701161 unidentified adenovirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000003932 urinary bladder Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000010570 urinary bladder carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000012991 uterine carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000004291 uterus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009385 viral infection Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000016261 weight loss Diseases 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/02—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving viable microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
- A61K35/56—Materials from animals other than mammals
- A61K35/62—Leeches; Worms, e.g. cestodes, tapeworms, nematodes, roundworms, earth worms, ascarids, filarias, hookworms, trichinella or taenia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
- A61P11/02—Nasal agents, e.g. decongestants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
- A61P11/06—Antiasthmatics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
- A61P17/02—Drugs for dermatological disorders for treating wounds, ulcers, burns, scars, keloids, or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
- A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
- A61P37/06—Immunosuppressants, e.g. drugs for graft rejection
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/08—Antiallergic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/5005—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells
- G01N33/5008—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells for testing or evaluating the effect of chemical or biological compounds, e.g. drugs, cosmetics
- G01N33/5044—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells for testing or evaluating the effect of chemical or biological compounds, e.g. drugs, cosmetics involving specific cell types
- G01N33/5047—Cells of the immune system
- G01N33/505—Cells of the immune system involving T-cells
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Rheumatology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Endocrinology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】方法は以下のステップ、すなわち、(a)蠕虫性寄生虫調製物を得るステップ、(b)蠕虫性寄生虫調製物を標的と接触させるステップ、および(c)接触後の標的において内部マーカーとしての転写因子、制御性T細胞のための細胞表面マーカーまたは分泌マーカーのレベルを測定するステップを含み、ここで、接触後の細胞表面マーカーのレベルの変化は、制御性T細胞活性を変化させる蠕虫性寄生虫調製物の指標となる。
【選択図】図1
Description
本発明は制御性T細胞活性を変化させる寄生虫調製物をスクリーニングする方法を含む。
有用な蠕虫性寄生虫は、2つの群を含むがそれらに限定されない。第一群は本来ヒトに感染する蠕虫性寄生虫であり、第二群は動物に感染するがヒトを保護しうる蠕虫性寄生虫である。
本発明によって治療可能な疾患の例は、Th1またはTh2に関連した癌を含むTh1関連疾患およびTh2関連疾患を含むが、それらに限定されない。
Th1関連疾患は、以下の疾患群、すなわち、感染性疾患、自己免疫疾患、遅延型過敏症および癌を含む。
血管炎症候群、ヘノッホ・シェーンライン紫斑病、グッドパスチャー症候群、ヴェーゲナー肉芽腫症、
急性糸球体腎炎におけるような抗体媒介性の糸球体症、全身性紅斑性狼瘡(SLE)に関連した腎炎、ヴェーゲナー肉芽腫症およびグッドパスチャー症候群および混合性結合組織病などの他の全身性疾患に関連した腎炎、慢性間質性腎炎、慢性糸球体腎炎、などの腎疾患
クローン病、潰瘍性大腸炎、セリアック病、ウィップル病、コラーゲン蓄積大腸炎、好酸球性大腸炎、リンパ球性大腸炎、などの胃腸疾患(例えばIBD)、
自己免疫性肝炎、アルコール性肝炎、門脈周囲の線維化、原発性胆汁性肝硬変、硬化性胆管炎などの肝胆汁性疾患、
乾癬、アトピー性皮膚炎、湿疹、アレルギー性皮膚疾患、全身性進行性硬化症(強皮症)、剥脱性皮膚炎、尋常性天疱瘡などの皮膚疾患、
関節リウマチ(RA)、強直性脊椎炎、乾癬または炎症性腸疾患に関連した関節炎などの関節疾患、
重症筋無力症(MG)、多発性筋炎などの筋骨格疾患、
インスリン依存性糖尿病(IDDM)、自己免疫性甲状腺炎(橋本病)、甲状腺中毒症、甲状腺機能亢進症(グレーブス病)などの内分泌疾患、
自己免疫性貧血、自己免疫性血小板減少症、自己免疫性再生不良性貧血などの造血器系疾患、
心筋症、血管炎、全身性紅斑性狼瘡、結節性多発動脈炎、関節リウマチ、強皮症、サルコイドーシスのような全身性疾患に関連した循環器疾患などの循環器疾患を含む。
疫学データは、クローン病(CD)および潰瘍性大腸炎(UC)への遺伝的感受性を示唆する。工業化社会におけるCDの発生率は、1950年代から1980年代中頃まで増加しており、現在は毎年100,000人に1〜8人である。これは、我々の環境における未知の変化がCDの頻度に影響していることを示唆する。
ecognition of bacterial muramyl dipeptide mediated through NOD2: implications for Crohn's disease. J Biol Chem 2003; Girardin SE, Boneca IG, Viala JらNod2 is a general sensor of peptidoglycan through muramyl dipeptide (MDP) detection. J Biol Chem 2003)によって、CDにより罹りやすくなる人々もいる。様々な他の遺伝子変化がIBDの危険因子として提唱されている。しかし、遺伝的素因は疾患の発生率の急激な増加を説明しない。
RAは持続的な炎症性滑膜炎を特徴とする慢性疾患であり、通常、対称に分布する末梢関節に関わる。この炎症は骨浸食、軟骨損傷および関節破壊を引き起こし得る。それは人口の約1%の疾患である。その有病率は加齢に伴って増加し、女性は男性より高い頻度で罹患する。RAの拡大はCD4+ Th1細胞による免疫を介した事象である。
1型 DMは、通常早期成人期に発症し、血糖の増加に応答したインスリン産生の不能に起因する疾患である。この持続的な高血糖および適切なグルコース代謝の不能は、ひいては目、腎臓、心臓および他の器官に損傷を与える代謝障害を引き起こす。非経口的なインスリンの摂取は、部分的にこれらの代謝障害を制御し得る。1型 DMは、インスリンを産生する膵臓ベータ細胞に対する自己免疫性攻撃に起因する。活性化されたマクロファージおよび細胞傷害性T細胞は、膵臓ベータ細胞を取り囲み、破壊する。遺伝的感受性およびあまり明確に定義されていない環境事象が疾患過程の引き金となる。
LEは、早期から中期成人期の女性において最も頻度の高い全身性自己免疫疾患である。組織の損傷は自己抗体および過敏な制御性T細胞によって引き起こされる。異常な免疫応答は、病因となる自己抗体および免疫複合体の持続的な産生を可能にする。これが筋骨格系、皮膚、血液、腎臓系および他の系の損傷を引き起こす。異常な免疫応答は、おそらく複数の遺伝的要因および環境要因の相互作用に依存する。
サルコイドーシスは原因不明の肺および他の器官の慢性肉芽腫症である。ほとんどの患者は20〜40歳の間である。最も頻繁に見られる症状は息切れである。疾患は、おそらくは限られた数の抗原に対する、過剰なTh1型の細胞性免疫応答に起因する。サルコイドーシスは世界中で発現し、すべての人種を苦しめている。しかし、特定の民族および人種集団の間で、サルコイドーシスの有病率に著しい多様性がある。例えば、この疾患はポーランド、東南アジアおよびインドでは稀である。
MSは、局所脱髄および脳の瘢痕化を引き起こす、慢性再発性、多発性の中枢神経系の炎症性疾患である。それは約350,000人のアメリカ人に影響を及ぼすよく見られる疾患であり、早期から中期成人期の間に発症する。MSは、少なくとも部分的にTh1細胞によって媒介される自己免疫疾患である。MSの損傷は、活性化されたT細胞およびマクロファージを含む遅延型過敏反応によって誘導されるものと似ている。それは温帯気候の疾患であり、赤道からの距離とともに有病率が増加する。
Th2関連疾患は以下の群の疾患、すなわちアレルギー性疾患および癌を含む。
多くの人々において、喘息は、動物のふけ、花粉、またはチリダニおよびゴキブリの老廃物などの、通常空気から吸い込まれる物質に対するアレルギー反応であると考えられる。これらの物質の総称であるアレルゲンとは、アレルギー反応を誘発するすべてのものを指す。ある人々は特定のアレルゲンに反応する遺伝的素因を有する。1998年には、推定1700万人のアメリカ人、すなわち人口の6.4パーセントが喘息に罹っていた。子供は、喘息に罹っているアメリカ人のうち480万人を占めている。動物モデルならびにヒト喘息の病理学における臨床情報の両方から得られた実験情報および臨床情報は、この疾患の病理学においてTh2細胞を示唆する。
通常、癌細胞は癌細胞によって特異的に発現される抗原に対する免疫応答を引き起こしうる。Th1およびTh2の両方の免疫応答は組織の細胞傷害性除去を引き起こす強力な炎症反応を促進しうるため、Th1またはTh2免疫応答の調節は癌の治療に使用されうる。
制御性T細胞は、末梢寛容を誘導し、粘膜反応性を制限し得る(McGuirk P, Mills KH. Pathogen-specific regulatory T cells provoke a shift in the Th1/Th2 paradigm in immunity to infectious diseases. Trends Immunol 2002; 23 (9): 450-5)。様々な動物モデルにおいて、いくつかの制御性T細胞表現型が報告されている。制御性T細胞は様々なマーカーを発現し、異なる疾患に関与することが示唆されている(例えば、Field, A. C., L. Caccavelli, M. F. Bloch,およびB. Bellon. 2003. Regulatory CD8+ T cells control neonatal tolerance to a Th2-mediated autoimmunity. Journal of Immunology. 170:2508-2515; von Herrath MG, Harrison LC. Antigen-induced regulatory T cells in autoimmunity. Nat Rev Immunol. 2003 Mar; 3 (3): 223-32; Francois Bach J. Regulatory T cells under scrutiny. Nat Rev Immunol. 2003 Mar; 3 (3): 189-98; Curotto de Lafaille MA, Lafaille JJ. CD4(+) regulatory T cells in autoimmunity and allergy. Curr Opin Immunol. 2002 Dec; 14 (6):771-8; McGuirk P, Mills KH. Pathogen-specific regulatory T cells provoke a shift in the Th1/Th2 paradigm in immunity to infectious diseases. Trends Immunol. 2002 Sep; 23 (9): 450-5; Tung KS, Ag
ersborg SS, Alard P, Garza KM, Lou YH. Regulatory T-cell, endogenous antigen and neonatal environment in the prevention and induction of autoimmune disease. Immunol Rev. 2001 Aug; 182: 135-48; Read S, Powrie F. CD4 (+) regulatory T cells. Curr Opin Immunol. 2001 Dec; 13 (6): 644-9; Yssel H, Lecart S, Pene J. Regulatory T cells and allergic asthma. Microbes Infect. 2001 Sep; 3 (11) : 899-904を参照せよ)。いくつかの系では、それらはCD25(Shevach, E. M. 2002. CD4+ CD25+ suppressor T cells: more questions than answers. Nature Reviews. Immunology. 2:389-400)、CD45RB(Annacker, O.およびF. Powrie. 2002. Homeostasis of intestinal immune regulation. Microbes & Infection. 4: 567-574)、およびCTLA-4(Read, S., V. Malmstrom,およびF. Powrie. 2000. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 plays an essential role in the function of CD25(+) CD4(+) regulatory cells that control intestinal inflammation. J. Exp. Med. 192: 295-302)のような表面分子の差次的発現によって区別される。この細胞表面タンパク質発現のパターンは、それらが感作されたエフェクター状態またはメモリー状態にありうることを示唆する。これらの制御性細胞は、IL10およびTGFβの産生を介してそれらの作用のいくつかを媒介しうる。高レベルのIL10およびTGFβを産生するアネルギー性の制御性T細胞(Tr1)が記載される。Th3と呼ばれる別の細胞は、主としてTGFβの産生を介して実験的自己免疫性脳脊髄炎の誘発を抑制する。また他のものは、可溶性のIL10またはTGFβに依存しないが、代わりにそれらの表面に、TGFβ前駆体ペプチドのアミノ末端ドメインである潜伏関連ペプチドを発現する(Oida T, Zhang X, Goto MらCD4+CD25- T cells that express latency-associated peptide on the surface suppress CD4+CD45RB high-induced colitis by a TGF-beta-dependent mechanism. J Immunol 2003; 170(5):2516-22)。制御性T細胞についての内部細胞マーカーもまた報告されている(Schubert LA, Jeffery E, Zhang Y, Ramsdell F, Ziegler SF, Scurfin (FOXP3) acts as a repressor of transcription and regulates T cell activation. J Biol Chem. 2001 Oct 5;276(40):37672-9)。すべての参考文献は参照により本明細書に組み入れられる。
蠕虫は、種に応じて、宿主の腸管腔、血流または筋肉のような部位に生息する寄生動物(寄生虫)である。これらの生物は世界人口の1/3以上に感染している。蠕虫感染は、温暖な気候で生活する貧弱な公衆衛生にさらされた子供において最も一般的である。これらの生物の感染形は、汚染された土壌、食物または水との接触を介して拡大する。1940年代以前には、米国の多くの子供および大人は蠕虫を保有していた。寄生虫保有は、南部の農村地域および主要都市の貧困集団において特に多く見られた(Elliott DE, Urban JF, Jr., Argo CKらDoes the failure to acquire helminthic parasites predispose to Crohn's disease? FASEB J 2000; 14(12):1848-55)。米国および欧州では、蠕虫感染は徐々に減少している。それらは、発展途上国からの最近の移住者(Salas SD, Heifetz R, Barrett-Connor E. Intestinal parasites in Central American immigrants in the United States. Arch Intern Med 1990; 150(7):1514-6)およびインディアン保留地のような米国の十分なサービスを受けていない地域で生活する経済的に不利な人々(Healy GR, Gleason NN, Bokat RらPrevalence of ascariasis and amebiasis in Cherokee Indian school children. Public Health Rep 1969;84(10):907-14)において見いだされる。蠕虫の有病率は、温暖な気候ならびに、過密状態、貧弱な公衆衛生および、不潔な食糧供給にさらされた人々において最も高い。炎症性腸疾患(IBD)、関節リウマチおよび自己免疫疾患は、これらの同じ地域においては稀である。
生存能力のある蠕虫性寄生生物は、成分ワクチンと比較して相対的に長い持続性のために、最も強い粘膜の条件付けを与えうる。生存能力のある生物は、蠕虫に応じて、卵、幼虫、セルカリア、または被嚢幼虫のいずれかの形態で投与され得る。ヒトおよび準備用動物に感染し得る蠕虫が利用されうる。
蠕虫性寄生虫の非生存成分は、Th1を介した病変を予防するために、免疫応答の十分なTh2条件付けをもたらす。非生存成分は、卵、幼虫または成虫に由来する。
蠕虫は、SPF条件で飼育された中間宿主および準備用動物を循環する。蠕虫個体群のサンプルは、感染率、繁殖力、および駆虫薬に対する感受性などの表現型の安定性を確実にするために検査される。
治療を必要とする個体は、選択された寄生虫の天然の生活環に応じて、経口または非経口で寄生虫の感染形(卵、セルカリアもしくは幼虫)を投与される。別法として、TH2応答を誘導するために、可溶性の寄生虫または卵の抽出物が経口または非経口で投与され得る。
本発明の効果を示すために、Th1およびTh2応答が区別されうる。Metawaliら、1996, J. of Immunol. 157: 4546は、マウスにおいて、組織学的解析ならびにサイトカインおよび免疫グロブリンプロフィールの解析によってTh1応答をTh2応答と区別することが可能であることを示した。更に、Sandorら、1990, J. of Exp. Med. 171: 2171は、Fcg3およびMHCクラスII分子の細胞表面での発現が区別を可能にすることを示した。この方法では、粘膜炎症、好酸球増多および肥満細胞症の程度を測定するために、小腸および大腸が組織学的に検査される。後者の細胞型はTh2応答の指標となる。腸間膜リンパ節(MLN)および脾臓は、マイクロウェルプレートでのin vitro培養のために単細胞懸濁液に分離され得る。完全RPMI培地中の細胞(1〜2 x 106/ウェル)を、寄生虫抗原もしくは抗CD3の存在下または非存在下で最大72時間まで培養し、その後、その上清をサイトカインおよび免疫グロブリンについてアッセイする。IFN-γ、TNFαおよびIgG2aはTh1応答を特徴付けるが、一方、IL-4、IL-5、IgEおよびIgG1はTh2反応の特徴を表す。また、血清もサイトカインおよび免疫グロブリンプ濃度についてアッセイされ得る。更に、分散された炎症性白血球は、フローサイトメトリーによって、マクロファージ上でのFcγ3発現(Th1)およびB細胞上でのMHCクラスII発現(Th2)について検査される。対照は、寄生虫の宿主ではない、適切な、年齢を適合させた同腹子マウス由来の血清、MLNおよび脾臓を含む。
in vitro培養物または動物から制御性T細胞を単離する方法は、当技術分野において知られており、例えば、McGuirk P, Mills KH. Pathogen-specific regulatory T cells provoke a shift in the Th1/Th2 paradigm in immunity to infectious diseases. Trends Immunol 2002; 23 (9): 450-5; Field, A. C., L. Caccavelli, M. F. Bloch,および B. Bellon. 2003. Regulatory CD8+ T cells control neonatal tolerance to a Th2-mediated autoimmunity. Journal of Immunology. 170: 2508-2515; von Herrath MG, Harrison LC. Antigen-induced regulatory T cells in autoimmunity. Nat Rev Immunol. 2003 Mar ; 3 (3): 223-32; Francois Bach J. Regulatory T cells under scrutiny. Nat Rev Immunol. 2003 Mar; 3 (3): 189-98; Curotto de Lafaille MA, Lafaille JJ. CD4(+) regulatory T cells in autoimmunity and allergy. Curr Opin Immunol. 2002 Dec; 14 (6): 771-8; McGuirk P, Mills KH. Pathogen-specific regulatory T cells provoke a shift in the Th1/Th2 paradigm in immunity to infectious diseases. Trends Immunol. 2002 Sep; 23 (9): 450-5; Tung KS, Agersborg SS, Alard P, Garza KM, Lou YH. Regulatory T-cell, endogenous antigen and neonatal environment in the prevention and induction of autoimmune disease. Immunol Rev. 2001 Aug; 182: 135-48; Read S, Powrie F. CD4(+) regulatory T cells. Curr Opin Immunol. 2001 Dec; 13 (6): 644-9; Yssel H, Lecart S, Pene J. Regulatory T cells and allergic asthma. Microbes Infect. 2001 Sep; 3(11): 899-904; Shevach, E. M. 2002. CD4+ CD25+ suppressor T cells: more questions than answers. Nature Reviews. Immunology. 2: 389-400; Annacker, O.およびF. Powrie. 2002. Homeostasis of intestinal immune regulation. Microbes & Infection. 4: 567-574; Read, S., V. Malmstrom,およびF. Powrie. 2000. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 plays an essential role in the function of CD25(+)CD4(+) regulatory cells that control intestinal inflammation. J. Exp. Med. 192: 295-302に記載される通りである。
フローサイトメトリーによるサイトカイン検出: RPMI完全培地中の脾細胞、MLNまたは腸の炎症細胞を、24ウェルの組織培養プレートに2 x 106細胞/ウェルで播種する。細胞を4〜6時間、抗CD3または適切な抗原の存在下または非存在下で、10μg/mlのブレフェルジンAとともに培養する。ブレフェルジンはタンパク質のエキソサイトーシスを妨げ、サイトカインの細胞内での蓄積を促進する。細胞質サイトカインの検出のために、細胞を室温で5分間、2%パラホルムアルデヒドで固定し、続いて細胞のサブタイプを区別するために表面染色する。細胞を洗浄し、50μlのPBS 0.2%サポニンおよび1μg抗サイトカイン抗体に再懸濁し、室温で20分間インキュベーションする。次に、細胞をサポニンで2回洗浄し、PBS/FCSに再懸濁する。細胞を同一のアイソタイプおよびサイトカイン特異性の過剰な非共役性抗体を用いて前もってブロッキングすることにより、または、細胞を組換えサイトカインの存在下でインキュベーションすることにより、サイトカイン抗体染色の特異性を確認する。フィコエリトリン(PE)標識された無関係の抗体対照もまた、バックグラウンド染色を評価するために含まれる。細胞はフローサイトメトリーを用いて解析される。
自己免疫疾患の存在およびその治癒または改善の証拠は、治療の必要性を決定するために、および治療過程を観察するために必要とされる。以下の方法は、注目される疾患の臨床パラメータを測定するために利用される。
炎症の評価: マウスでは、疾患の臨床所見は、体重減少、下痢、直腸脱および腸の炎症の組織学的徴候を含む。従って、これらのパラメータの改善は、疾患の改善を意味すると思われる。
炎症の評価: コラーゲン誘発関節炎のマウスでは、マウスは1日おきに検査され、それらの足は以下のようにスコアされる。すなわち、0, 正常; 1, 紅斑および足首の関節またはつま先に限局した軽度の腫れ; 2, 紅斑および足首から中足部まで拡大した軽度の腫れ; 3, 紅斑および足首から中足関節まで拡大した重度の腫れ; ならびに4, 関節腫脹を伴う強直性変形である。これらの4つのパラメータは、関節炎の関節における組織学的変化と相関し得る。治療の成功は、組織学上の改善とともに関節炎スコアの減少をもたらす(Anthony DD. Haqqi TM., Collagen-induced arthritis in mice: an animal model to study the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Clinical & Experimental Rheumatology. 17 (2): 240-4,1999)。
炎症の評価: 免疫系の正常な発達および機能は、アポトーシスと呼ばれる過程による望ましくない細胞の除去に大いに依存する。特異的な細胞表面分子およびそれらの受容体を介した細胞間相互作用はしばしば、この過程を誘導する。このような系の1つは、FASおよびFASリガンドと呼ばれる。FAS(LPR-/-)またはFASリガンド(GLD-/-)のいずれかに欠損のあるマウスは、狼瘡のような自己免疫疾患を発症する(Reilly CM. Gilkeson GS. Use of genetic knockouts to modulate disease expression in a murine model of lupus, MRL/lpr mice. Immunologic Research. 25(2): 143-53, 2002)。
炎症の評価: NODマウスは、膵臓β細胞の自己免疫性破壊によりヒトと同様の1型糖尿病を発症する。当技術分野において既知の方法に従った臨床的、生化学的、免疫学的および組織学的検査は、マウスにおける疾患の誘発および改善の評価を可能にする(例えば、Adorini L. Gregori S. Harrison LC. Understanding autoimmune diabetes: insights from mouse models. Trends in Molecular Medicine. 8(1): 31-8, 2002を参照せよ)。
炎症の評価: 肺の炎症のビーズ塞栓モデルにおいて、抗原(すなわちTh1またはTh2)はセファロースビーズと結合され、それは尾静脈内への注射によってマウスの肺を閉塞する。その動物は通常、結合抗原に事前に感作される。宿主の免疫系は、障害を起こすビーズに対して活発な免疫応答を開始する。数週間持続し得るこれらの局所性炎症反応は、組織学的にサイズについて検査され得る。また、それらは組織から分離され、細胞組成およびサイトカイン産生について研究され得る。更に、肺門リンパ節および脾臓は、容易に実験のために利用できる。例えば、Kunkel SL. Lukacs NW. Strieter RM. Chensue SW. Animal models of granulomatous inflammation. Seminars in Respiratory Infections. 13(3): 221-8, 1998を参照せよ。
炎症の評価: 実験的自己免疫性脳脊髄炎は、感受性マウスにおいて適切な感作ミエリン抗原の反復注射によって誘発される。マウスは以下の基準に従って臨床的に評価される。すなわち、0, 疾患なし; 1, 尾の弛緩; 2, 後肢衰弱; 3, 後肢麻痺; 4, 後肢麻痺および前肢麻痺または衰弱; 5, 瀕死である。組織学的解析のために、脊髄および脳を摘出し、ホルマリンで固定する。パラフィン包埋切片を染色し、光学顕微鏡下で検査する。分散させた脾細胞および他の部位からの細胞は、上記に概説されたようにin-vitroにおいて研究され得る。これらのパラメータは、疾患の改善または回復の測定を支援し得る(例えば、Sewell, Diane, Zing Qing, Emily Reinke, David Elliott, Joel Weinstock, Matyas Sandor, and Zsuzsa Fabry. Immunomodulation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by helminth ova immunization. International Immunol. 15: 59-69, 2003)。
以下の表1は、本発明に有用な動物モデルの非限定的な例を説明する。更なる非限定的な例は、例えば、Current Protocols in Immunology (2001, John E. Coligan, Ada M. Kruisbeek, David H. Margulies, Ethan M. Shevach, Warren Strober編、John Wiley & Sons出版)に記載されるように、当技術分野において見いだされうる。
一般的な方法:
動物: 129/SV IL-10-/-突然変異マウスの集団、および適切な対照動物を維持し、標準的な方法に従って特定病原体を含まない環境を維持する施設において飼育する。
本発明のいくつかの実施形態では、制御性T細胞は、例えば、米国特許出願第2003/0170648号、2003/0157057号、 2003/0133936号、2003/0064067号、2003/0049696号、2002/0182730号、2002/0090724号、2002/0090357号(その全体が参照により本明細書に組み入れられる)に記載されるような、当技術分野において既知の方法に従った更なる解析のために、培養細胞または動物から調製されうる。
S. mansoniへのTh2応答は、関連のない細菌性Th1誘導性抗原への進行中のTh1応答をダウンレギュレートする:
Th細胞の免疫応答がTh1またはTh2パターンへと二極化し得ることは、十分に証明されている。この二極化は、Th1細胞からのIFNγがTh2細胞の増殖を阻害する一方で、Th2細胞からのIL-4およびIL-10がTh1細胞の増殖を阻害するために起こる。以下の実験は、住血吸虫症が、確立されたマイコバクテリア感染へのマウスTh1応答を変化させることを実証した。
腸管寄生蠕虫への感染またはそれらの卵子への暴露は、マウスのTNBS誘導性大腸炎におけるTh1型の消化管炎症を軽減する:
50%エタノール中のTNBSの直腸注入は、マウスにおいてクローン病と共通した特徴を有する大腸炎を引き起こす。大腸の炎症は、IFNγmRNA発現の上昇を伴うCD4+ T細胞の浸潤を特徴とする。TNBS処理マウスからの固有層T細胞は、対照からのT細胞より50倍多いIFNγを分泌し、5倍少ないIL4を分泌する(Neurathら、1995、上述)。固有層単核細胞は、対照マウスからの細胞より30倍多いTNFαを分泌する(Neurathら、1997, Eur. J. Immunol., 27: 1743)。重要なことには、TNBS大腸炎は抗IL-12(Neurathら、1995、上述)、抗TNFα(Neurathら、1997、上述)、またはrIL-10(Duchmannら、1996, Eur. J. Immunol., 26: 934)を用いた治療によって予防または改善され得る。TNBS誘導性大腸炎はまた、事前のハプテンへの経口暴露によっても(Elsonら、1996, J. Immunol., 157: 2174)、おそらく粘膜IL-4、IL-10およびTGFβ応答の増加によって(Neurathら、1996, J. Exp. Med., 183 : 2605)予防され得る。
住血吸虫感染がTNBS処理動物大腸炎モデルマウスにおけるTh1応答を変化させるかどうかを研究した。マウスをsc.注射によって35匹のS. mansoniセルカリアに感染させた。寄生虫は感染の開始後約6週間で成熟し、産卵し始める。2週間後(感染の8週目)に、マウスをTNBSで処理した。T細胞刺激(抗CD3)に応答してIFNγを産生するMLNおよび脾臓細胞の能力を、数日後に検査した。表2に示されるように、天然の住血吸虫感染は、TNBS処理マウスの腸間膜リンパ節(MLN)および脾臓細胞からのIFNγ放出を強力に阻害する。
住血吸虫症では、Th2応答を引き起こすのは、成虫よりもむしろ寄生虫卵への暴露である。住血吸虫感染は、寄生虫が成熟し産卵し始めるまでは、強力なTh2応答を引き起こさない(Grzychら、1991, J. Immunol., 146: 1322)。自然感染を伴わずに無傷の住血吸虫卵に暴露されたマウスは、強力なTh2応答を示す(Oswaldら、1994, J. Immunol., 153: 1707)。これらの観察は、自然感染を伴わない住血吸虫卵への暴露がTh2応答を誘導しTh1応答を抑制しうることを示唆する。
粘膜のTh1応答の発生を阻害することは、TNBS誘導性大腸炎を軽減し得る。住血吸虫卵への事前の暴露は、MLNおよび脾臓T細胞によるTh1サイトカイン分泌を阻害する。住血吸虫卵のip注射がTNBS誘導性大腸炎を阻害するかどうかを調べるために、卵を上述のように注射し、続いてTNBS処理を行った。卵処理は、3回の個別の実験において、対照群での60%(16/27)から卵暴露マウスでの22%(6/27)へと、累積死亡率を劇的に減少させた。腸の炎症は、上記の一般的な方法に詳述されたように4点制でスコアされた。生き残ったマウスにおいて、卵処理は腸の炎症を、対照群での3.1±0.5(平均±SD)から卵暴露マウスでの1.3±0.3まで軽減した(p<0.05、図4)。次の実験は、群間での最大の差異がTNBS処理後3日で明白になることを示した。TNBS注入の14日後に行われた他の実験は、卵暴露が持続的な保護を与えることを示した。これらのデータは、住血吸虫卵が粘膜のTh1応答を阻害することによって致死的な大腸炎の発症からマウスを保護することを示唆する。
S. mansoni以外の蠕虫性寄生虫が宿主のTh1応答を調節できるかどうかが調べられた。腸内線虫に対する防御免疫の発現はCD4 T細胞依存性である。マウスはTh2応答を増加させることによって寄生虫を駆除し、または感染を制限する。寄生虫の駆除は、腸の好酸球増多だけに依存するのではなく、粘膜の肥満細胞症だけに依存するのでもないと思われる。抗IL-4または抗IL-4受容体遮断mAbによる処理は寄生虫の保持を促進する(Elseら、1994, J. Exp. Med. , 179: 347)ので、IL-4は寄生虫の駆除に重要な役割を有するのかもしれない。反対に、IL-4による処理は寄生虫の除去を促進する(図4)。
IL-10遺伝子破壊は、宿主/寄生虫相互作用を有意に変化させない。
IL-10は、マクロファージの活性化およびアクセサリー細胞の機能を抑制する重要な免疫調節サイトカインである(Mooreら、1993, Ann. Rev. Immunol., 11: 165)。標的化遺伝子破壊によってIL-10を欠損させたマウス(IL-10-/-)は、結腸細菌叢に影響される慢性腸炎を発症する(Kuhnら、1993, Cell, 75: 263)。腸の炎症は抗IFNγ抗体による治療によって軽減され、その大腸炎は結腸内容物に対する過度のTh1応答に起因することを示している(Berg,ら、1996, J. Clin. Invest., 98: 1010)。これらのマウスは、クローン病のそれと類似した自然発症大腸炎のための優れたモデルとして役立つ。この実施例では、129およびC57Bl/6バックグラウンドのIL-10-/-マウスが用いられた。
腸内線虫N. brasiliensisに感染したマウスは、IL-4、IL-5およびIL-10の産生を伴う寄生虫に対するTh2型炎症を発現する。N. brasiliensisはIL-10-/-マウスに感染し、適切な腸のTh2応答を活性化することができる(Kuhnら、1993、上述)。それらがTH2応答を増加させるかどうかを調べるために、IL-10-/-マウスをS. mansoniに感染させた。
IL-10欠損マウスは蠕虫性寄生虫を寄生させ、強力なTh2応答を誘導することができた。IL-10-/-マウスはTh2応答を発現でき、腸内寄生虫を寄生させることができるため、それらは自然発症の大腸炎または持続的な大腸炎に対する寄生虫暴露の効果を研究するための優れたモデルとして役立つ。IL-10は重要な抗炎症性サイトカインである。この必須の免疫調節回路の破壊は、寄生虫による粘膜のTh2条件付けを妨げる可能性がある。現在の証拠は、T. murisへの感染がIL-10-/-マウスにおいて発症する自然発症大腸炎を妨げることを示唆する。T. muris感染または偽感染を受けた動物(6週齢)を6週間後に屠殺した。T. muris感染または偽感染したIL-10-/-マウスの大腸の炎症を、上記の一般的な方法に詳述されたように4点制でスコアした。T. murisによる事前の感染は、腸の炎症を、偽感染群での3.0±0.3(平均±SE)から寄生虫暴露IL-10-/-マウスでの2.2±0.1(p<0.05)へと軽減した。これらのデータは、蠕虫性寄生虫への事前暴露がIL-10欠損マウスにおける自然発症大腸炎を軽減することを実証する。
Trichuris suis による腸管感染はクローン病の患者における疾患活動性をダウンレギュレートする。
クローン病の患者をTrichuris suisに感染させ、疾患活動性の改善を評価する。ブタの鞭虫であるT. suisは、発展途上国において一般的なヒトの腸管寄生蠕虫であるT. trichiuraの近縁種である。この鞭虫は治療のための潜在的因子である。天然のヒト寄生虫であるTrichuris trichiuraは、粘膜への付着によって大腸に存在する非常に小さい生物である。通常の感染はたいてい、宿主に症状を引き起こさず、健康上の問題を起こさない。これは世界中で感染した何百万の人々の場合であるが、少数派では、重度の感染は、下痢、出血および鉄欠乏性貧血を引き起こす。その寄生虫の生活環は宿主が自己感染しないようになっていることが興味深い。卵は感染型になるための成熟に土壌相を必要とし、その後、個体への寄生負荷を増やすために再摂取されなければならない。従って、土壌中の卵が摂取されない限り、T. trichiura感染は宿主内で増加しない。その病因は3日間メベンダゾールを用いて容易かつ効果的に治療される。ヒトの鞭虫は宿主を感染させるために使用され、クローン病における免疫の作用を改変するための実験薬として検討されるかもしれない。
炎症性腸疾患の予防および治療におけるH. polygyrus:
炎症性疾患に対する防御を誘導した寄生虫における制御性T細胞の役割を研究するために、更なる実験を行った。
上述の実施例は、本発明の作出および実施において、本発明者らによって行われ、企図された実験の実例を説明する。これらの実施例は、本発明の実施方法を知らせるため、およびその有用性を証明するための両方の目的を果たす技術の開示を含むと考えられる。本明細書において開示される技術および実施形態は単に好ましい実施形態であり、一般的に多数の同等の方法および技術が同様の結果を得るために使用されうることは、当業者によって認識されるであろう。
Claims (16)
- 制御性T細胞活性を変化させる蠕虫性寄生虫調製物をスクリーニングする方法であって、前記方法が、
(a)蠕虫性寄生虫調製物を得るステップ、
(b)前記蠕虫性寄生虫調製物を標的と接触させるステップ、および
(c)前記接触後の前記標的における制御性T細胞活性のための内部マーカーのレベルを測定するステップを含み、ここで前記接触後の前記内部マーカーの前記レベルの変化が制御性T細胞活性を変化させる前記蠕虫性寄生虫調製物の指標となる方法。 - 前記内部マーカーが転写因子である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記転写因子がScurfin、Smad7、Gata3、またはTbet(Tbx21)である、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記転写因子の前記レベルがそのタンパク質またはmRNAレベルで測定される、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 制御性T細胞活性を変化させる蠕虫性寄生虫調製物をスクリーニングする方法であって、前記方法が、
(a)蠕虫性寄生虫調製物を得るステップ、
(b)前記蠕虫性寄生虫調製物を標的と接触させるステップ、および
(c)前記接触後の前記標的における制御性T細胞のための細胞表面マーカーのレベルを測定するステップを含み、ここで前記接触後の前記細胞表面マーカーの前記レベルの変化が制御性T細胞活性を変化させる前記蠕虫性寄生虫調製物の指標となる方法。 - 前記細胞表面マーカーがCD4、CD45RBlo、CD45Rc、細胞傷害性Tリンパ球関連抗原4(CTLA-4)、Ox40、4-1BB、CD25、CD103、CD62L、αEβインテグリン、潜伏関連ペプチド(LAP)またはグルココルチコイド誘導性TNF受容体ファミリー関連タンパク質(GITR)、ケモカイン受容体CCR5、TI-ST2からなる群より選択される、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記表面マーカーの前記レベルがそのタンパク質またはmRNAレベルで測定される、請求項6に記載の方法。
- Th1またはTh2関連疾患を有する動物を、制御性T細胞活性を変化させる蠕虫性寄生虫調製物の前記動物への投与によって治療する方法。
- 動物における自己免疫疾患またはアレルギー疾患に対する蠕虫性寄生虫調製物の治療効果を測定する方法であって、
(a)蠕虫性寄生虫調製物もしくはその画分を含む組成物を前記動物に投与すること、および
(b)前記投与後の前記動物において制御性T細胞活性のレベルを測定することを含み、ここで前記投与後の前記制御性T細胞活性の前記レベルの増加が前記蠕虫性寄生虫調製物の治療効果の指標となる方法。 - 前記制御性T細胞活性が制御性T細胞マーカーのレベルの測定によって測定される、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記制御性T細胞マーカーが内部マーカーである、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記内部マーカーがScurfin、Smad7、Gata3、またはTbet(Tbx21)である、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記制御性T細胞マーカーが細胞表面マーカーである、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記細胞表面マーカーがCD4、CD45RBlo、CD45Rc、細胞傷害性Tリンパ球関連抗原4(CTLA-4)、Ox40、4-1BB、CD25、CD103、CD62L、αEβインテグリン、潜伏関連ペプチド(LAP)またはグルココルチコイド誘導性TNF受容体ファミリー関連タンパク質(GITR)、ケモカイン受容体CCR5、TI-ST2からなる群より選択される、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記制御性T細胞マーカーが分泌マーカーである、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記分泌マーカーがIL4、IL13、IL-5、IL-10またはTGFβ、PgE2である、請求項15に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/715,659 | 2003-11-17 | ||
| US10/715,659 US20050118655A1 (en) | 2003-11-17 | 2003-11-17 | Use of parasitic biological agents for diseases prevention and control |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006539540A Division JP2007533302A (ja) | 2003-11-17 | 2004-10-22 | 疾患の予防および制御のための寄生虫性生物剤の使用 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014156129A Division JP2014240835A (ja) | 2003-11-17 | 2014-07-31 | 疾患の予防および制御のための寄生虫性生物剤の使用 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2012008133A true JP2012008133A (ja) | 2012-01-12 |
Family
ID=34435723
Family Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006539540A Pending JP2007533302A (ja) | 2003-11-17 | 2004-10-22 | 疾患の予防および制御のための寄生虫性生物剤の使用 |
| JP2011166246A Pending JP2012008133A (ja) | 2003-11-17 | 2011-07-29 | 疾患の予防および制御のための寄生虫性生物剤の使用 |
| JP2014156129A Pending JP2014240835A (ja) | 2003-11-17 | 2014-07-31 | 疾患の予防および制御のための寄生虫性生物剤の使用 |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006539540A Pending JP2007533302A (ja) | 2003-11-17 | 2004-10-22 | 疾患の予防および制御のための寄生虫性生物剤の使用 |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014156129A Pending JP2014240835A (ja) | 2003-11-17 | 2014-07-31 | 疾患の予防および制御のための寄生虫性生物剤の使用 |
Country Status (17)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20050118655A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1530972B1 (ja) |
| JP (3) | JP2007533302A (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR101363138B1 (ja) |
| CN (2) | CN102988417B (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2004293761B2 (ja) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0416446A (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2546416A1 (ja) |
| CY (1) | CY1115012T1 (ja) |
| DK (1) | DK1530972T3 (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2425350T3 (ja) |
| MX (1) | MXPA06005537A (ja) |
| PL (1) | PL1530972T3 (ja) |
| PT (1) | PT1530972E (ja) |
| SI (1) | SI1530972T1 (ja) |
| UA (1) | UA94023C2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2005052115A2 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (59)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999033479A1 (en) * | 1997-12-31 | 1999-07-08 | University Of Iowa Research Foundation | Use of parasitic biological agents for prevention and control of autoimmune diseases |
| CN1196798C (zh) * | 2000-05-04 | 2005-04-13 | 耶鲁大学 | 用于筛选蛋白活性的高密度蛋白阵列 |
| US7651855B2 (en) * | 2003-04-17 | 2010-01-26 | The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania | Regulatory T cells and their use in immunotherapy and suppression of autoimmune responses |
| WO2007110249A1 (de) * | 2006-03-24 | 2007-10-04 | Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin | Verwendung des 4-1bb rezeptors zur identifizierung und/oder separation aktivierter regulatorischer th-zellen (treg) |
| EP1840569A1 (de) * | 2006-03-28 | 2007-10-03 | Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin | Verwendung des 4-1BB Rezeptors zur Identifizierung und/oder Separation aktivierter regulatorischer Th-Zellen (Treg) |
| US20080131441A1 (en) * | 2006-09-26 | 2008-06-05 | Manikkam Suthanthiran | Methods of Using FOXP3 Levels to Predict the Outcome of Organs Undergoing Acute Rejection |
| EP1977643A1 (de) * | 2007-04-02 | 2008-10-08 | Dr. Falk Pharma Gmbh | Herstellung einer viablen, lagerfähigen Wurmeiersuspension |
| WO2008124842A1 (en) * | 2007-04-10 | 2008-10-16 | New England Medical Center Hospitals, Inc. | Treatments with helminths |
| US8951793B2 (en) * | 2008-08-21 | 2015-02-10 | The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary, Department Of Health And Human Services | Method of making an isolated population of FOXP3+ regulatory T cells |
| US9585920B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2017-03-07 | Katherine Rose Kovarik | Method and system for treating cancer cachexia |
| US9457077B2 (en) | 2009-11-18 | 2016-10-04 | Katherine Rose Kovarik | Method and system for targeting the microbiome to promote health and treat allergic and inflammatory diseases |
| US9408880B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2016-08-09 | Katherine Rose Kovarik | Method and system for prevention and treatment of allergic and inflammatory diseases |
| CN108822215B (zh) * | 2010-08-20 | 2022-10-14 | 古德T细胞有限公司 | 具有转录调控域和蛋白转导域的融合蛋白以及含有其的转录因子功能抑制剂 |
| US9946836B2 (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2018-04-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Biomarker monitoring device and method |
| US10245288B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2019-04-02 | Joseph E. Kovarik | Method and system for reducing the likelihood of developing NASH in an individual diagnosed with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease |
| US11951139B2 (en) | 2015-11-30 | 2024-04-09 | Seed Health, Inc. | Method and system for reducing the likelihood of osteoporosis |
| US11844720B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2023-12-19 | Seed Health, Inc. | Method and system to reduce the likelihood of dental caries and halitosis |
| US11523934B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2022-12-13 | Seed Health, Inc. | Method and system to facilitate the growth of desired bacteria in a human's mouth |
| US12257272B2 (en) | 2015-12-24 | 2025-03-25 | Seed Health, Inc. | Method and system for reducing the likelihood of developing depression in an individual |
| US11273187B2 (en) | 2015-11-30 | 2022-03-15 | Joseph E. Kovarik | Method and system for reducing the likelihood of developing depression in an individual |
| US10548761B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2020-02-04 | Joseph E. Kovarik | Method and system for reducing the likelihood of colorectal cancer in a human being |
| US11357722B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2022-06-14 | Seed Health, Inc. | Method and system for preventing sore throat in humans |
| US12279989B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2025-04-22 | Seed Health, Inc. | Method and system for increasing beneficial bacteria and decreasing pathogenic bacteria in the oral cavity |
| US10687975B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2020-06-23 | Joseph E. Kovarik | Method and system to facilitate the growth of desired bacteria in a human's mouth |
| US11419903B2 (en) | 2015-11-30 | 2022-08-23 | Seed Health, Inc. | Method and system for reducing the likelihood of osteoporosis |
| US10835560B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2020-11-17 | Joseph E. Kovarik | Reducing the likelihood of skin cancer in an individual human being |
| US10314865B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2019-06-11 | Katherine Rose Kovarik | Method and system for treating cancer and other age-related diseases by extending the healthspan of a human |
| US11998479B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2024-06-04 | Seed Health, Inc. | Method and system for addressing adverse effects on the oral microbiome and restoring gingival health caused by sodium lauryl sulphate exposure |
| US10111913B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2018-10-30 | Joseph E. Kovarik | Method of reducing the likelihood of skin cancer in an individual human being |
| US9730967B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2017-08-15 | Katherine Rose Kovarik | Method and system for treating cancer cachexia |
| US11191665B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2021-12-07 | Joseph E. Kovarik | Method and system for reducing the likelihood of a porphyromonas gingivalis infection in a human being |
| US10512661B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2019-12-24 | Joseph E. Kovarik | Method and system for reducing the likelihood of developing liver cancer in an individual diagnosed with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease |
| US10583033B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2020-03-10 | Katherine Rose Kovarik | Method and system for reducing the likelihood of a porphyromonas gingivalis infection in a human being |
| US11951140B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2024-04-09 | Seed Health, Inc. | Modulation of an individual's gut microbiome to address osteoporosis and bone disease |
| US10086018B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2018-10-02 | Joseph E. Kovarik | Method and system for reducing the likelihood of colorectal cancer in a human being |
| US10842834B2 (en) | 2016-01-06 | 2020-11-24 | Joseph E. Kovarik | Method and system for reducing the likelihood of developing liver cancer in an individual diagnosed with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease |
| US9987224B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2018-06-05 | Joseph E. Kovarik | Method and system for preventing migraine headaches, cluster headaches and dizziness |
| US10085938B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2018-10-02 | Joseph E. Kovarik | Method and system for preventing sore throat in humans |
| US10010568B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2018-07-03 | Katherine Rose Kovarik | Method and system for reducing the likelihood of a spirochetes infection in a human being |
| WO2013039872A1 (en) * | 2011-09-12 | 2013-03-21 | Tufts Medical Center | Compositions and methods for treating inflammatory bowel diseases |
| WO2014121020A2 (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2014-08-07 | Coronado Biosciences, Inc. | Treatment of psoriasis using helminthic parasite preparations |
| US10046021B2 (en) | 2013-02-05 | 2018-08-14 | Tpcera Ltd. | Phosphorylcholine conjugates and uses thereof |
| EP2953978B1 (en) | 2013-02-05 | 2024-10-23 | Tpcera Ltd. | Phosphorylcholine conjugates and uses thereof |
| US11980643B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2024-05-14 | Seed Health, Inc. | Method and system to modify an individual's gut-brain axis to provide neurocognitive protection |
| US11833177B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2023-12-05 | Seed Health, Inc. | Probiotic to enhance an individual's skin microbiome |
| US11839632B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2023-12-12 | Seed Health, Inc. | Topical application of CRISPR-modified bacteria to treat acne vulgaris |
| US12318377B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2025-06-03 | Seed Health, Inc. | Method and system for reducing the likelihood of a porphyromonas gingivalis infection in a human being |
| US11969445B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2024-04-30 | Seed Health, Inc. | Probiotic composition and method for controlling excess weight, obesity, NAFLD and NASH |
| US12329783B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2025-06-17 | Seed Health, Inc. | Method and system to improve the health of a person's skin microbiome |
| US12246043B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2025-03-11 | Seed Health, Inc. | Topical application to treat acne vulgaris |
| US11998574B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2024-06-04 | Seed Health, Inc. | Method and system for modulating an individual's skin microbiome |
| US11826388B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2023-11-28 | Seed Health, Inc. | Topical application of Lactobacillus crispatus to ameliorate barrier damage and inflammation |
| US12005085B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2024-06-11 | Seed Health, Inc. | Probiotic method and composition for maintaining a healthy vaginal microbiome |
| US10473669B2 (en) | 2014-05-09 | 2019-11-12 | Nogra Pharma Limited | Methods for treating inflammatory bowel disease |
| US9603875B1 (en) | 2016-01-07 | 2017-03-28 | NeuOva, LLC | Method of making a consumable product with purified embryonated Trichuris suis ova |
| PL418202A1 (pl) * | 2016-08-04 | 2018-02-12 | Uniwersytet Warszawski | Sposób indukowania ex vivo limfocytów o fenotypie CD8+CD25+FOXP3-, limfocyty indukowane tym sposobem do zastosowanie w sposobach zapobiegania i leczenia chorób oraz roztwór białek z pasożyta z grupy helmintów do zastosowania w sposobie indukowania limfocytów o fenotypie CD8+CD25+FOXP3-u potrzebującego tego osobnika |
| CN107929325B (zh) * | 2017-11-29 | 2023-03-24 | 四川好医生攀西药业有限责任公司 | 一种含美洲大蠊的栓剂及其制备方法 |
| EP3773640A1 (en) * | 2018-04-05 | 2021-02-17 | Helmholtz Zentrum München - Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH) | Larval preparation of heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri as well as methods of making it and uses thereof |
| TR201907085A2 (tr) * | 2019-05-10 | 2020-11-23 | Univ Yeditepe | Parazi̇tleri̇n ve parazi̇tlerden elde edi̇len ekstraselüler vezi̇külleri̇n kanser tedavi̇si̇nde kullanimi |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001527048A (ja) * | 1997-12-31 | 2001-12-25 | ユニヴァーシティー オブ アイオワ リサーチ ファンデーション | 自己免疫疾患の予防および抑制のための寄生生物剤の使用 |
| WO2002094228A1 (en) * | 2001-05-23 | 2002-11-28 | David Follansbee | Prevention and treatment of allergies by helminthic regulation of ige |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6077673A (en) * | 1998-03-31 | 2000-06-20 | Clontech Laboratories, Inc. | Mouse arrays and kits comprising the same |
| GB9824034D0 (en) * | 1998-11-03 | 1998-12-30 | Univ Nottingham | Immunomodulatory factors forimmunosuppressant and antiallergic treatment |
| AU6919300A (en) | 1999-08-20 | 2001-03-19 | University Of Pittsburgh | Methods for in vivo gene delivery to sites of cartilage damage |
| US20030103938A1 (en) * | 2001-05-09 | 2003-06-05 | Alk-Abello A/S | Pharmaceutical compositions for preventing or treating Th1 and Th2 cell related diseases by modulating the Th1/Th2 ratio |
| WO2003006058A1 (en) | 2001-07-12 | 2003-01-23 | Wyeth | Cd25+ differential markers and uses thereof |
| DE10163602A1 (de) * | 2001-12-21 | 2003-07-10 | Alpha Biocare Gmbh Gebaeude 26 | Mittel mit Nematoden und Plathelminthen zur Behandlung allergischer Erkrankungen |
-
2003
- 2003-11-17 US US10/715,659 patent/US20050118655A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2004
- 2004-10-22 KR KR1020067011879A patent/KR101363138B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-10-22 CA CA002546416A patent/CA2546416A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-10-22 WO PCT/US2004/035164 patent/WO2005052115A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-10-22 CN CN201210181952.9A patent/CN102988417B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-10-22 BR BRPI0416446-6A patent/BRPI0416446A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-10-22 CN CN2004800339710A patent/CN101128597B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-10-22 UA UAA200606738A patent/UA94023C2/uk unknown
- 2004-10-22 AU AU2004293761A patent/AU2004293761B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-10-22 JP JP2006539540A patent/JP2007533302A/ja active Pending
- 2004-10-22 MX MXPA06005537A patent/MXPA06005537A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2004-11-04 PL PL04256814T patent/PL1530972T3/pl unknown
- 2004-11-04 EP EP04256814.7A patent/EP1530972B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-11-04 SI SI200432062T patent/SI1530972T1/sl unknown
- 2004-11-04 DK DK04256814.7T patent/DK1530972T3/da active
- 2004-11-04 ES ES04256814T patent/ES2425350T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-11-04 PT PT42568147T patent/PT1530972E/pt unknown
-
2011
- 2011-07-29 JP JP2011166246A patent/JP2012008133A/ja active Pending
-
2013
- 2013-08-01 CY CY20131100660T patent/CY1115012T1/el unknown
-
2014
- 2014-07-31 JP JP2014156129A patent/JP2014240835A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001527048A (ja) * | 1997-12-31 | 2001-12-25 | ユニヴァーシティー オブ アイオワ リサーチ ファンデーション | 自己免疫疾患の予防および抑制のための寄生生物剤の使用 |
| WO2002094228A1 (en) * | 2001-05-23 | 2002-11-28 | David Follansbee | Prevention and treatment of allergies by helminthic regulation of ige |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| JPN6010035664; Digestive Disease Week Abstracts and Itinerary Planner,2003-05-17,Vol.2003,p.A-61,467 * |
| JPN6010035666; Science,2003-02-14,299(5609),p.1057-61 * |
| JPN6010035667; Science,2002,296(5567),p.490-4 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PT1530972E (pt) | 2013-08-22 |
| US20050118655A1 (en) | 2005-06-02 |
| EP1530972A2 (en) | 2005-05-18 |
| KR20060120203A (ko) | 2006-11-24 |
| BRPI0416446A (pt) | 2007-02-27 |
| UA94023C2 (uk) | 2011-04-11 |
| CN101128597A (zh) | 2008-02-20 |
| CA2546416A1 (en) | 2005-06-09 |
| DK1530972T3 (da) | 2013-08-05 |
| CY1115012T1 (el) | 2016-12-14 |
| WO2005052115A3 (en) | 2007-11-01 |
| PL1530972T3 (pl) | 2013-12-31 |
| JP2007533302A (ja) | 2007-11-22 |
| EP1530972B1 (en) | 2013-05-01 |
| KR101363138B1 (ko) | 2014-02-13 |
| MXPA06005537A (es) | 2006-12-20 |
| SI1530972T1 (sl) | 2013-11-29 |
| AU2004293761A1 (en) | 2005-06-09 |
| CN102988417A (zh) | 2013-03-27 |
| ES2425350T3 (es) | 2013-10-14 |
| EP1530972A3 (en) | 2007-06-13 |
| JP2014240835A (ja) | 2014-12-25 |
| AU2004293761B2 (en) | 2011-10-27 |
| WO2005052115A2 (en) | 2005-06-09 |
| CN102988417B (zh) | 2015-10-14 |
| HK1076047A1 (en) | 2006-01-06 |
| CN101128597B (zh) | 2012-07-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| KR101363138B1 (ko) | 질병 예방과 통제를 위한 기생충 생물제의 용도 | |
| US7833537B2 (en) | Use of parasitic biological agents for prevention and control of autoimmune diseases | |
| US9192633B2 (en) | Use of parasitic biological agents for disease prevention and control | |
| US20100260861A1 (en) | Treatments with helminths | |
| US9730988B2 (en) | Parasitic biological agents for treatment and prevention of graft versus host disease | |
| HK1076047B (en) | Method for screening parasite preparations for efficiency in prevention and control of diseases | |
| HK1183628A (en) | Use of parasitic biological agents for diseases prevention and control | |
| Alfaiz | Evaluation of the role of mast cells in parasitic infection | |
| HK1100745B (en) | Use of parasitic biological agents from for prevention and control of inflammatory bowel disease |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20130129 |
|
| A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20130426 |
|
| A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20130502 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20130719 |
|
| A02 | Decision of refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02 Effective date: 20140401 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20140731 |
|
| A911 | Transfer to examiner for re-examination before appeal (zenchi) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A911 Effective date: 20140930 |
|
| A912 | Re-examination (zenchi) completed and case transferred to appeal board |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A912 Effective date: 20141128 |
|
| A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20150403 |
|
| A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20151222 |