JP2009084577A - 酸素含有蛍光粉体、該蛍光粉体の製造方法、該蛍光粉体を利用してなる装置 - Google Patents
酸素含有蛍光粉体、該蛍光粉体の製造方法、該蛍光粉体を利用してなる装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】該粉体は金属酸化物、ホウ酸塩又はチタン酸塩のような金属含有粉体であり、小さい粒子径、狭い粒子径分布を有し、実質球形である。本発明方法は、上記粉体の連続製造を有利に可能にするものである。また本発明は、図示の粉体、即ち、該蛍光粉体を利用してなるディスプレー装置等の改良装置にも関する。
【選択図】 図2
Description
光体前駆材料は固体状態で混合され、該前駆体が反応して蛍光材料の粉体を形成するように加熱される。例えば、Kasengaらによる特許文献1は、マンガン賦活ケイ酸亜鉛
蛍光体の製造方法を開示している。該方法は、酸化亜鉛、ケイ酸、炭酸マンガン等の出発成分からなる混合物を乾混合し、混合された混合物を約1250℃で焼成する工程を含んでなる。得られる蛍光体は、割砕又は圧砕されて小径の粒子にされる。固体法及び他の多くの製造方法は、粉体の粒径を小さくするために上記のような粉砕工程を含むものである。機械的粉砕は、蛍光体表面を傷つけ、蛍光粉体の輝度を低下させる死層を形成する。
本発明は、広くは、酸素含有蛍光粉体及びその製造方法、並びに、該粉体を利用してなる装置に関する。ここで言及される酸素含有蛍光粉体、粒子及び化合物は、金属酸化物、ケイ酸塩、ホウ酸塩又はアルミン酸塩等のような酸素含有化合物であるホスト材料を含んでなるものである。上記酸素含有蛍光体化合物の具体例については、以下で詳記する。
リーのような湿潤環境におく場合もある。
る。あるいは、ある前駆体が一の粒子固体相に存在し、他の前駆体が一の液相に存在する場合もある。また、ある前駆体が一液相内に存在し、他の前駆体が前記液相とは異なる液相に存在する場合もあり、このような例は、液体供給原料102がエマルジョンからなる場合である。異なる前駆体に由来する異なる成分は、単一物質相においては、粒子内に共存し、また、粒子112が多相複合材である場合は、異なる成分は異なる材料相に存在する。好適な前駆体材料の具体例については、以下で更に詳説する。
約1×106を超える液小滴を含んでなり、より好ましくは約5×106/cm3を超える
液小滴、より更に好ましくは約1×107/cm3を超える液小滴、最も好ましくは約5×107/cm3を超える液小滴を含んでなる。エアロゾル生成装置106がこのような高負荷エアロゾル108を生成しうることは、小さい平均液小滴径及び狭い液小滴径分布に関してエアロゾル108の品質の高さを考慮すれば特に驚くべきことである。典型的に、エアロゾル中に負荷される液小滴に関し、エアロゾル108内におけるキャリアガス104に対する液体供給原料102の容積比が、エアロゾル108中のキャリアガス104、1L(L:リットル)につき液体供給原料102が約0.04mL(mL:ミリリットル)を超えるものであり、好ましくはエアロゾル108中のキャリアガス104、1Lにつき液体供給原料102が約0.083mLを超えるものであり、より更に好ましくはキャリアガス104、1Lにつき液体供給原料102が約0.25mLを超えるものであり、最も好ましくはキャリアガス104、1Lにつき液体供給原料102が約0.333mLを超えるものである。
炉110は、エアロゾル108の液小滴から液体を蒸発させて粒子112を生成させるために、エアロゾル108を加熱しうる任意の好適装置であってよい。
最高平均流れ温度即ち反応温度とは、炉内を流れている間、エアロゾル流が到達する最高平均温度である。典型的にこの温度は、炉内に挿入される温度プローブにより測定される。本発明に係る好適な反応温度については、以下で更に詳説する。
力を低下させるものである。
口152から流出する。超音波伝達流体(典型的には水)は、水入口154から流入して水浴容積156を満たし、流路158内を流動して、水出口160から流出する。変換ディスク120を冷却し、超音波伝達流体の過熱を防止するためには、超音波伝達流体の流速を好適に保つことが必要とされる。変換ディスク120からの超音波信号は超音波伝達流体を介して伝達され、水浴容積156を通過し、最終的には分離部材126を通過して、流路150内の液体供給原料102へ伝達される。
ある。分離部材126としての主要要件は、超音波伝達性、耐腐食性、不浸透性を有することである。
コーンにガスを導出するための10個のガス導出ポート136を有してなるが、ガス管208Bとは異なり長管である。従って、図12で例示される構成は、一の超音波変換ディスク120につき一のス導出ポート136を備えてなるものである。この構成は、図2で示されるような一の超音波変換ディスク120につき二のガス導出ポートを備えてなるエアロゾル生成装置106の態様に比べてガス導出ポート136の密度が低いものであるが、それにも拘わらず、図12で示される構成は、必要以上にガスを消費することなく、高密度高品質のエアロゾルを製造しうるものである。
。ガス分配箱222内部には、各配管突起224に実質均等にガスを通過させるべく、ガス分配箱222内におけるガスの均等分散を助長するための流路を形成する2枚のガス分配板226が設けられている。図18及び19に示される如く、ガスマニホルド220は、11本のガス管208に対応するように構成されている。400個の変換器構成においては、全体で4つのガスマニホルド220が必要とされる。
しくは約1ミクロン未満の重量平均径を有するものであり、濃縮エアロゾル240に残留する液小滴は、約2ミクロンを超える平均液小滴径を有するものである。例えば、約3ミクロンの重量平均液小滴径を有してなるエアロゾル流の処理に好適な規模の仮インパクターにおいては、約1.5ミクロンよりも小径である殆どの液小滴を余剰キャリアガス238と共に除去するように設計することが可能である。また、他の設計も可能である。しかしながら、本発明においてエアロゾル生成装置106を使用する場合、エアロゾル濃縮装置236における上記極小液小滴の損失は典型的に、該濃縮装置236に供給されるエアロゾル流にもともと含まれる液小滴の約10重量%を超えず、より好ましくは約5重量%を超えないものである。エアロゾル濃縮装置236はある状況においては有用なものであるが、本発明のプロセスにおいては、エアロゾル生成装置106が殆どの状況において十分高濃度なエアロゾル流を生成しうる能力を有するので、該濃縮装置は通常必要とされない。エアロゾル発生装置102から流出するエアロゾル流が十分高濃度であれば、エアロゾル濃縮装置を使用しないことが好ましい。通常、エアロゾル発生装置106が高濃度のエアロゾル流を生成することにより、エアロゾル濃縮装置236を必要としないことは本発明における重要な利点である。従って、一般には、エアロゾル濃縮装置236運転に係る複雑さ、並びにそれに付随する液体損失を避けることができる。
上流板アセンブリー248においては、鉛直方向に伸展してなる多数の入口スリット254が該アセンブリーを貫通してなる。下流板アセンブリー250は、前記入口スリット254の延長線上に整列して鉛直方向に伸展してなる多数の出口スリット256を含んでなる。しかしながら、出口スリット256は入口スリット254よりも若干幅広である。また、下流板アセンブリー250は、下流板アセンブリー250の実質全幅に展開してなる流路258も含んでなり、各流路258は余剰ガス回収ポート260に隣接してなる。
、該上流板アセンブリー248の板面268から外側へ伸展してなる入口ノズル延長部266を含んでなる。下流板アセンブリー250の出口スリット256は、該下流板アセンブリー250の板面272から外側へ伸展してなる出口ノズル延長部270を含んでなる。上記ノズル延長部266及び270は仮インパクター246の操作にとって重要である。その理由は、これらノズル延長部により、濃縮室262を介して対向する入口スリット254と出口スリット256との間の距離が非常に近接し、その一方で、濃縮室262内に比較的大きな空間が形成することにより、余剰キャリアガス238の効果的な回収が容易になるためである。
アロゾル108からの液体供給原料102の回収を最小化することは、商業用途において高品質な粒子製品116の収率を向上させるためには特に重要である。しかしながら、エアロゾル生成装置106の性能は非常に優れているので、過大な液小滴を含まない好適なエアロゾルを炉に送るために、インパクター又は他の液小滴分級装置を使用することが通常は必要とされないことは注目されるべきである。このことは主要な利点であり、その理由は、本発明プロセスによれば、インパクターの使用に伴う系の複雑化及び液体損失を多くの場合に避けることができることによる。
滴分級装置280とを併用することが好ましい。図36には、仮インパクター246及びイン
パクター288を共に含んでなる本発明の一態様が示されている。図36に示される如く、仮インパクター246及びインパクター288の基本構成要素は、図26乃至38に関して前述されたものと本質的に同一である。図36から明らかなように、エアロゾル生成装置106から生ずるエアロゾル108は、仮インパクター246へ送られ、該仮インパクターにおいてエアロゾル流が濃縮されて、濃縮エアロゾル240が生成する。次いで、濃縮エアロゾル240はインパクター288へ送られて、大きな液小滴が除去され、分級されたエアロゾル282が生成し、次いで該分級エアロゾル282が炉110へ送られる。また、仮インパクター及びインパクターを共に使用することにより、不適当な大きさ及び不適当な小ささの液小滴が除去され、その結果、非常に狭い液小滴径分布を有する分級エアロゾルが生成することが注目されるべきである。また、エアロゾル濃縮装置236がエアロゾル分級装置280の後にくるように、エアロゾル濃縮装置とエアロゾル分級装置の順序を逆にすることも可能である。
却装置が使用される。
急冷ガス346は、多孔管332の多孔壁へ向かう外向き半径方向の、多孔管332内部の粒子112の熱泳動速度よりも大きな、半径方向速度(多孔管332の円形断面の中心へ向かって内向き半径方向の速度)を有してなるべきものである。
変成させるべく、温度制御された雰囲気及び必要な滞留時間を提供するものである。
態様)、液小滴分級装置280(インパクター態様)、炉110、粒子冷却装置300(ガス急冷型冷却装置態様)、及び粒子捕集装置114(バッグフィルター態様)を含んでなる
。全てのプロセス構成要素は、好適な流路により連結されており、該好適な流路は、装置内に不利益な液体蓄積を誘発する可能性のある鋭角端部を実質上含まないものである。また、注目されるべきは、エアロゾル濃縮装置236及び液小滴分級装置280の上流及び下流でたわみ継手370が使用されている点である。たわみ継手370を使用することにより、エアロゾル濃縮装置236及び/又は液小滴分級装置280において鉛直方向に伸展してなるスリットの傾斜角を変更することが可能になる。この構成においては、鉛直方向に伸展してなるスリットに必要とされる傾斜は、該鉛直方向に伸展してなるスリットからの排出特性を最適化するように調整することができる。
ル生成装置と比べれば、大きな利点となるものである。
好適である。硝酸塩は通常、水溶性が大きく、その溶液は高濃度においても低粘度を維持してなる。代表的反応機構は次式で示される。
2Y(NO3)3+H2O+熱 → Y2O3+NOX+H2O
液体中での沈殿形成を避けるため、溶液は前駆体に関し飽和していないことが好ましい。例えば、該溶液は、溶液中の金属量に対して約1乃至50重量%の蛍光体化合物、例えば約1乃至15重量%の蛍光体化合物を生成するに十分な前駆体を含んでなる。蛍光体粒子の最終的な粒径は、前駆体濃度によっても影響される。一般に、液体供給原料中の前駆体濃度が低くなるほど、小さい平均径を有する粒子が生成する。
SiCl4もまた室温において液体の高揮発性物質であり、このことが搬送装置への移送
をより制御し易いものにする。
殆どの金属アルコキシドは、適度に大きな蒸気圧を持つので、被覆前駆体として非常に好適である。
Mg(O2CCH3)2 → MgO+CH3C(O)OC(O)CH3
金属酢酸塩は、水に対して安定であり、それ程高価ではないので、被覆前駆体として好適である。
ことも可能である。この方法は、ガス・粒子変換(GPC)と称される。上記被覆反応がCVD、PVDあるいはGPCいずれにより生ずるかについては、ガス流における粒子濃度、水の分圧及び前駆体の分圧のような反応装置条件に依存する。他に可能な表面被覆法としては、粒子表面を気相反応物と反応させて、粒子にもともと含まれていた材料とは異なる材料に粒子表面を変化させる表面転化法がある。
て、凝縮により粒子上に被覆を堆積させることも可能である。銀のような高揮発性の金属も凝縮法により堆積させることが可能である。更に他の方法により蛍光粉体を被覆することも可能である。例えば、蛍光粉体及び被覆双方の可溶性前駆体を前駆体溶液内に使用することも可能であり、その場合、被覆前駆体は不揮発物(例えばAl(NO3)3)又は揮発物(例えばSn(OAc)4、但し、Acはアセテート)である。他の方法として、コ
ロイド状前駆体と可溶性蛍光体前駆体とを使用して、蛍光体上に粒子状コロイド被膜を形成することも可能である。
てなる上記蛍光体である。上記酸素含有蛍光体の数例については、以下で更に詳細に列挙する。酸素含有蛍光体は、例えば、レッド、ブルー又はグリーン光等、特定波長の可視光を発光しうるように化学的に調製可能なものである。所定装置内において各種蛍光粉体を分散し、粉体を制御可能に励起することにより、フルカラーのディスプレー装置を実現することができる。
Tb、並びにBaMgAl14O23:Euのようなバリウムアルミン酸塩が挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
SiO4:Eu、Gd2SiO5:Ce及びY2SiO5:Ceのようなケイ酸塩が挙げられ
る。金属ホウ酸塩の例としては、(Y,Gd)BO3:Euが挙げられる。チタン酸塩の
例としては、CaTiO3:REであり、ここでREは希土類元素である。
表1 酸素含有蛍光体材料の例
とも約20%であり、より好適には平均粒子径の少なくとも約30%であり、最適には平均粒子径の少なくとも約40%である。上記の如く高結晶性の蛍光体は、相対的に小さな結晶粒からなる蛍光体粒子に比べて、発光効率及び輝度を向上させると考えられている。
ラザン又はトリメチルシリルクロライドと、蛍光粉体表面との反応による単分子層被膜の形成は、蛍光粉体の疎水性及び親水性の変更及び制御に利用される。金属酸化物(例えばZnO若しくはSiO2)又は金属硫化物(例えばCu2S)からなる単分子層被覆が単分子層被覆として形成可能なものである。単分子層被覆によれば、広範な組成のペースト及び他の流動性媒体における蛍光体粒子の分散性を、より好適に制御しうる。
上記の如く、本発明の酸素含有蛍光粉体は、従来蛍光粉体においては見られない特性の独特な組み合わせを有するものである。本発明粉体は、多数の中間製品、例えばペースト又はスラリーの形成に好適に利用可能なものであり、多数の装置内に取り入れることが可能なものであり、その場合、本発明蛍光粉体に係る特性が直接に作用して該装置の性能は著しく向上する。該装置としては、発光燈、並びに、情報及びグラフィックスを視覚的に伝達するためのディスプレー装置等が包含される。上記ディスプレー装置としては、テレビ受像機のようなCRT式のディスプレー装置が包含され、またフラットパネルディスプレーも包含される。フラットパネルディスプレーは、従来受像管を使用せずにグラフィックス及び画像を表示する比較的薄い装置であって、適度の電力消費量で機能するものである。一般に、フラットパネルディスプレーは、表示パネル上に選択的に分散してなる蛍光粉体を含んでなり、前記パネルの極近傍において該パネル後部に励起源を具備してなるものである。フラットパネルディスプレーとしては、液晶ディスプレー(LCD)、プラズマディスプレー(PDP)エレクトロルミネセント(EL)ディスプレー、及び電界放出ディスプレー(FED)が包含される。
火させることにより機能するものである。陰極線管は、表示スクリーンから一定の距離に配置されてなり、スクリーンが大きくなると、前記距離も大きくなる。電子ビームをある画素上へ選択的に誘導することにより、高解像度のフルカラーディスプレーを得ることができる。
Tb、緑色用にZn2SiO4:Mn、青色用にBaMgAl14O23:Euを含んでなる。該蛍光体は、プラズマによる劣化防止のために、MgO等により好適に被覆される。
ddressed array)内に配置された、多数の低電力放出型冷マイクロチップ
エミッターから電子を発生させるものである。該マイクロチップエミッターは、表示画像を作り出す陰極ルミネセンス蛍光体スクリーンから、約0.2mmに位置してなる。この構成により、薄くて軽量のディスプレーが可能になる。
びAl2O3のような誘電性被覆を使用することも可能である。更に、SnO2又はIn2O3のような半導性被覆は、二次電子の吸収に特に有利である。
出し、この熱電子が該蛍光体内を移動して、励起による発光を可能にするものである。
利用することは、この種の装置における用途に有利である。例えば、小さな単分散粒子は、厚膜フィルムペーストを利用してガラス基材上に塗膜され、焼結されて、良好に結合されたフィルムを製造するものであり、従って、上記フィルムの形成に使用されている現行の、高価で材料に制限のあるCVD法の代わりとすることが可能である。上記のような良結合性フィルムは、大きな凝集蛍光体粒子からは製造することができない。同様に、複合蛍光体粒子は、エレクトロルミネセントディスプレーに用いられている現行の、比較的高価な多層積層法の代替法とすることが可能である。従って、蛍光体と誘電材料とからなる複合蛍光体粒子を利用することが可能である。
ネセントランプ、FED、プラズマディスプレー、CRT、ランプ蛍光体及び厚膜エレクトロルミネセントディスプレーに広く利用されている。本発明の粉体は、上記のようなペーストに分散される場合に、多くの利点を示すものである。例えば、粉体は、広い径分布を持つ非球形粉体よりも分散性が良く、従って、塊の数を減少させて、より薄くより均一な層を製造することが可能である。また該蛍光体の充填密度も、より高いものである。また、多数の製造工程を好適に削減することが可能である。例えば、エレクトロルミネセントランプの製造において、多くの蛍光体粒子は一層を貫通するほど大きいので、蛍光体ペースト層を被覆するために、二つの誘電層がしばしば必要とされる。実質均一な大きさの球形粒子は上記問題を解消し、該ELランプは好適に一つの誘電層を必要とする。
(実施例)
(Y2O3蛍光体)
本発明の利点を示すために、ユーロピウムでドープしたイットリア蛍光体(Y2O3:Eu3+)を、各種条件で調製した。この蛍光体化合物は、253nmに最高励起波長を示す赤色蛍光体である。この蛍光体化合物は、最も広く使用されている赤色蛍光体であり、多くの分野において有用である。
した。特に注記のない場合、全実験に関して前駆体濃度は、溶液中のイットリア2.9重量%、即ち、水100ml当り硝酸イットリウム10gとした。
停滞空気中約6分間放置した。焼鈍温度は、1000℃から1600℃まで変化させた。最高発光相対強度は、焼鈍温度1500℃において観察された。約1400℃以下の焼鈍温度において、粉体の輝度は殆ど変化しなかった。平均結晶粒径は、1500℃において約22nmから約68nmまで増加し続けた。また、最も明るい未焼鈍粉体(1000℃で製造、10原子%のEu含有)を、1400℃で約6分間焼鈍した場合、発光強度は約55%まで増加することも確認された。
Claims (26)
- (a)酸素含有蛍光体前駆体を溶解して含有する液体から、液小滴からなるエアロゾルを製造する工程と、
(b)前記液小滴をキャリアガスにより移送する工程と、
(c)前記液小滴から液体を除去して酸素含有蛍光体粒子を形成するために、前記液小滴を400℃乃至1700℃の温度にある加熱領域に通過させることによって加熱する工程とからなる、蛍光体粒子製造方法。 - 前記エアロゾルから液小滴の一部を除去する工程をさらに備え、前記除去された液小滴が、予め選択された最大径よりも大きな空気力学的径を有する請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記液体が、金属硝酸塩からなる酸素含有蛍光体前駆体を含有する溶液である請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記粒子の結晶性を向上させるために、前記蛍光体粒子を焼鈍する工程をさらに備える請求項1に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法によって製造された酸素含有蛍光体粒子において、前記蛍光体粒子が球形であるとともに、0.3ミクロン〜5ミクロンの重量平均粒子径と、前記粒子の少なくとも90重量%が前記平均粒子径の2倍を超えない大きさにある粒子径分布とを有し、前記蛍光体粒子はホスト材料、及び少なくとも第1の賦活イオンからなる粉体バッチ。
- 前記蛍光体粒子が、アルミン酸塩のホスト材料からなる請求項5に記載の粉体バッチ。
- 前記蛍光体粒子は、アルミン酸イットリウム及びアルミン酸バリウムからなる群から選択されたアルミン酸塩のホスト材料からなる請求項5に記載の粉体バッチ。
- 前記蛍光体粒子は、酸化亜鉛及び酸化イットリウムからなる群から選択された金属酸化物ホスト材料からなる請求項5に記載の粉体バッチ。
- 前記蛍光体粒子は、ケイ酸塩ホスト材料からなる請求項5に記載の粉体バッチ。
- 前記蛍光体粒子は、ケイ酸亜鉛、ケイ酸カルシウム、ケイ酸バリウム、ケイ酸ガドリニウム、及びケイ酸イットリウムからなる群より選択されたホスト材料を含有している請求項5に記載の粉体バッチ。
- 前記蛍光体粒子が、ホウ酸塩ホスト材料を含有している請求項5に記載の粉体バッチ。
- 前記蛍光体粒子が、(Y,Gd)BO3を含有している請求項5に記載の粉体バッチ。
- 前記蛍光体粒子が、チタン酸塩ホスト材料を含有している請求項5に記載の粉体バッチ。
- 前記蛍光体粒子が、賦活イオンを0.02乃至15原子%にて含有している請求項5に記載の粉体バッチ。
- 前記蛍光体粒子が、酸化イットリウムのホスト材料と賦活イオンとしてユーロピウムとを含有する請求項5に記載の粉体バッチ。
- 前記蛍光体粒子が、少なくとも25nmの平均結晶粒径を有する請求項5〜15のいずれか一項に記載の粉体バッチ。
- 前記蛍光体粒子が、その外表面上に実質均一な被覆を有する被覆粒子である、請求項5〜16のいずれか一項に記載の粉体バッチ。
- 前記被覆が100nm以下の平均厚を有する請求項17に記載の粉体バッチ。
- 前記被覆が金属、顔料又は有機化合物を含有している請求項17に記載の粉体バッチ。
- 前記蛍光体は蛍光体複合粒子であり、前記蛍光体複合粒子は、少なくとも酸素含有蛍光体化合物からなる第一の相と、前記第一の酸素含有蛍光体化合物全体に分散された第二の相とを少なくとも含有している、請求項5〜17のいずれか一項に記載の粉体バッチ。
- (a)請求項5〜20のいずれか一項に記載の粉体バッチからなる蛍光粉体層からなる多数の画素領域と、
(b)視認されるべき色の光を放出するために前記蛍光体粒子を励起すべく形成されている励起源とからなる、視覚的なグラフィックス及び情報を伝達するためのディスプレー装置。 - 前記蛍光粉体層が、前記平均粒子径の3倍を超えない平均厚を有する請求項21に記載のディスプレー装置。
- (a)蛍光体を励起するための励起源と、
(b)請求項5〜20のいずれかに記載の蛍光粉体バッチを表面に配置して画素を画定する透明基板からなり、前記励起源に近設されてなる表示パネルとからなるフラットパネルディスプレー。 - 前記画素が、前記平均粒子径の3倍を超えない平均厚を有する蛍光粉体層からなる請求項23に記載のフラットパネルディスプレー。
- 前記蛍光体粒子は、単体の金属酸化物、錯体の金属酸化物、金属ケイ酸塩、金属ホウ酸塩、及びチタン酸塩からなる群から選択されたホスト材料からなる請求項5に記載の粉体バッチ。
- セキュリティ用途に利用する請求項5〜20に記載の蛍光体の使用方法。
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| JP2008278379A Pending JP2009084577A (ja) | 1997-02-24 | 2008-10-29 | 酸素含有蛍光粉体、該蛍光粉体の製造方法、該蛍光粉体を利用してなる装置 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012012294A (ja) * | 2010-06-23 | 2012-01-19 | Nitto Denko Corp | 多元素系無機ケイ素含有材料を合成するためのケイ素前駆体およびその合成方法 |
| JP2012087230A (ja) * | 2010-10-20 | 2012-05-10 | Ube Industries Ltd | 無機エレクトロルミネッセンス用蛍光体粉末及びその製造方法、並びに分散型無機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 |
| JP2012230968A (ja) * | 2011-04-25 | 2012-11-22 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | 封止材シート及び太陽電池モジュール |
| JP2015195397A (ja) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-11-05 | 日立化成株式会社 | 太陽電池モジュール |
| JP2021006642A (ja) * | 2016-03-08 | 2021-01-21 | オスラム オプト セミコンダクターズ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングOsram Opto Semiconductors GmbH | 蛍光体粒子および蛍光体粒子の製造方法 |
| JP7049423B2 (ja) | 2016-03-08 | 2022-04-06 | オスラム オプト セミコンダクターズ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 蛍光体粒子および蛍光体粒子の製造方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US6153123A (en) | 2000-11-28 |
| EP0985007A4 (en) | 2001-10-04 |
| EP0985007A1 (en) | 2000-03-15 |
| US7005085B2 (en) | 2006-02-28 |
| US7022261B2 (en) | 2006-04-04 |
| US6180029B1 (en) | 2001-01-30 |
| US20040195548A1 (en) | 2004-10-07 |
| AU6665598A (en) | 1998-09-09 |
| US7316790B2 (en) | 2008-01-08 |
| US20010042853A1 (en) | 2001-11-22 |
| DE69834559T3 (de) | 2011-05-05 |
| US6555022B2 (en) | 2003-04-29 |
| DE69834559T2 (de) | 2007-06-06 |
| DE69834559D1 (de) | 2006-06-22 |
| JP2001513828A (ja) | 2001-09-04 |
| EP0985007B1 (en) | 2006-05-17 |
| WO1998037165A1 (en) | 1998-08-27 |
| US20040080256A1 (en) | 2004-04-29 |
| US6645398B1 (en) | 2003-11-11 |
| US20060231795A1 (en) | 2006-10-19 |
| EP0985007B2 (en) | 2010-11-03 |
| WO1998037166A1 (en) | 1998-08-27 |
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