JP2004058032A - Method of recovering valuable resource from dust of abandoned automobile shredder - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technique to reuse materials in abandoned automobiles although foreign matters or substances such as soil brought by men are present in the abandoned automobiles differently from the manufacturing time. <P>SOLUTION: The system of a wet gravity separation method includes a floatation separation tank 3 in which water and air babbles are used of the various kinds of materials mixed to drive the water by the force of air to loosen the shredder dust for easy separation and floating substances are separated from sinking substances. The valuable resources in the settled substances are separated/refined by a wet gravity separator 8 to separately recover the resources. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
After automobiles are scrapped, valuables or hazardous materials are removed, crushed and iron scraps are collected, and residual plastics, conductive wires, and non-ferrous metals are scrapped into shredder dust. This is the technical field of separation / purification systems for recovering valuable materials from wastewater. Specifically, plastics are harmless by separating and purifying them into valuable materials such as light-weight plastics, heavy-weight plastics, conductors, and other types of metals, and by removing Freon-based resins and vinyl chloride-based resins. Useful as a raw material for safe fuel materials, dry distillation materials for coke or reducing materials for blast furnaces, and use the difference in specific gravity in water to facilitate separation of copper and coating materials after sorting conductors. This is a technology of a recycling system based on the wet specific gravity separation method, which separates and refines.
[0002]
[Prior art]
There is no practical technology to recover useful materials from shredder dust from end-of-life vehicles. At the research and development stage, we are trying to separate and purify waste automobile shredder dust by a dry method, but we have not yet reached a practical application technology.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Although the existing experimental stage technology says that specific gravity sorting is performed by the dry method, actual scrap car shredder dust includes mud and residue used by humans, such as cans and foods, in addition to automobile material. Residues and the like are mixed in, and the composition and shape of the substance are very various. In order to remove these and collect useful materials, it is necessary to separate the wood and urethane plastics, which are suspended substances that are lighter than water, in the washing process, and further wash and remove sediment-based substances, and then further conduct wires, etc. This is a method of recovering useful materials from plastics and metals remaining after recovering the long material by using a wet specific gravity separator.
[0004]
[Means for solving the problem]
Table 1 The major parts (examples) of plastic materials used in automobiles and Table 2 Shredder dust (ASR) composition ratios by material (examples) indicate that there are many types of materials. Materials that cannot be recovered, unnecessary, or cannot be reused can be classified. There are urethane-based plastics (PUR) which are halides in suspended matter and chloride plastics (PVC) contained in sediment. Most of the coating material of the conductor is chloride plastics (PVC), and if these can be removed in the process, it is effective to recover materials that can be recycled as useful materials. In addition, PVC is a means that can be used for recycling wire coating materials and the like, and can be recovered as useful materials.
[0005]
In consideration of the above-mentioned preconditions, as a result of conducting a sorting test using a test wet specific gravity separator, the contents indicated in Table 3 by the wet specific gravity separator could be recovered. According to this test method, plastics, urethanes, PP, and PE lighter than water are recovered by removing suspended matters in water as shown in the waste vehicle shredder dust valuable resource recovery test flow shown in FIG. Next, the long-sized fiber plastic and the conductive wire are collected. Ceramics such as metals, heavy-duty plastics, and glass are mixed in the sediment, and the mud becomes sediment as a net product.
[0006]
Next, the iron-based scrap was subjected to magnetic force sorting, and as a result, as shown in Table 4, the ratio of iron-based and non-ferrous metal, 18.7% of residual iron was contained.
[0007]
When the remaining waste materials were sorted in order of the specific gravity by a wet specific gravity sorter, the results shown in Table 5 are shown in Table 5 below. Heavy specific gravity metal contains a large amount of copper-based non-ferrous metal, and when copper recovered from long conductors is added, about 3 to 5% of copper remains as a residue in ASR, which is useful. The value of the product is very high, and it has been found that the wet specific gravity sorting method is a very effective means. A plastic of a higher specific gravity is taken out, and then another plastic, for example, ABS is separated by a wet specific gravity separator, so that it can be used as a recycled material.
[0008]
The feature of this wet specific gravity separator is that it is possible to easily recover each material by using multiple tanks as a means for separating and purifying each material. In the case of separation of each plastic material shown in FIG. By using a tank, for example, high-quality separated and recovered products of PVC, ABS, PS and PP can be obtained.
[0009]
Embodiment
First embodiment As a result of the test according to FIG. 1, the system for separating non-reusable waste from ASR, recovering useful materials and purifying the quality as recycled material is shown in FIG. -Shown in purification system. In FIG. 3, 1 ASR is charged into 3 suspended matter separation tanks by 2 feed conveyors, and ASR is separated into sediment and suspended matter while being washed by mixing of air and water. The sediment is lifted by a 4-bucket elevator, and the ASR that has been dewatered while the mud is removed by a 5 de-sludge screen is conveyed to an 8-wet specific gravity separator. On the other hand, the suspended matter is recovered as 7 suspended matter plastics by the 6 dehydrator. Although there are various types of tanks 8 depending on the types of the collected items, FIG. 3 shows two tanks. In this example, the first tank collects non-ferrous metal, and the second tank collects heavy specific gravity plastics. At 8 gutters, 11 dewatering screens are installed to collect 12 light specific gravity plastics. In addition, 13 is a mud dewatering machine and 14 is a dewatered mud cake.
[0010]
2nd Embodiment In FIG. 3, the apparatus which separates a floating object and a sedimentary object from ASR is shown in 20 floating substance separation tanks of FIG. Reference numeral 20 denotes a conceptual diagram of an apparatus for separating suspended matter and sediment, which comprises 21 pulsating bubbling tanks and 22 sedimentation tanks. 21 is a tank for intermittently injecting and exhausting air in a 24 air chamber, and intermittently discharging bubbled air to 21. A sedimentation tank 22 sediments a substance heavier than water and floats. It comes with a 23-float moving device for quickly discharging objects.
[0011]
【The invention's effect】
By recovering high-quality materials that are considered to be from ASR, it becomes a material for automobiles or other equipment as recyclable materials, enabling effective use of resources. It becomes an efficient material for solidified fuel and the like. On the other hand, conventionally, reduction in the volume of ASR that has been disposed of leads to extension of life of landfill sites such as landfills.
[Brief description of the drawings]
Fig. 1 Flow of waste vehicle shredder dust valuable material recovery test. Fig. 2 Separation of plastics by material. Fig. 3 ASR separation / refining system. Fig. 4 Floating material separation tank. Main parts of plastic materials (example)
[Table 2] Material composition weight ratio of shredder dust (ASR) (example)
[Table 3] Separation type by wet specific gravity separator [Table 4] Ratio of ferrous and non-ferrous metals [Table 5] Ratio of specific gravity-specific materials contained in non-ferrous metals [Explanation of symbols]
1 ASR
2 Feed Conveyor 3 Floating Material Separation Tank 4 Bucket Elevator 5 Demud Screen 6 Dewatering Machine 7 Floating Material Plastics 8 Wet Specific Gravity Separator 9 Metals 10 Heavy Specific Gravity Plastics 11 Dewatering Screen 12 Light Specific Gravity Plastics 13 Mud Dewatering Machine 14 Dehydration Mud cake [0014]
Reference Signs List 20 suspended matter separation tank 21 pulsating bubbling tank 22 sedimentation tank 23 suspended matter moving device 24 air chamber

Claims (3)

After dismantling end-of-life vehicles, plastics and metals are separated from shredder dust, which is turned into garbage and disposed of, by a wet-type specific gravity sorter, and recovered to be recycled. A method to separate light specific gravity plastic and heavy specific gravity plastic from shredder dust from end-of-life vehicles with a wet-type specific gravity separator to produce recycled materials Floating material separation tank for separating substances lighter and heavier than water in shredder dust of end-of-life vehicles is equipped with a pulsating bubbling tank for intermittently discharging air and air bubbles and a sedimentation tank

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