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JP2002528166A - ディスポーザブル電極を備えた外切開式血管シール用鉗子 - Google Patents

ディスポーザブル電極を備えた外切開式血管シール用鉗子

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JP2002528166A
JP2002528166A JP2000577947A JP2000577947A JP2002528166A JP 2002528166 A JP2002528166 A JP 2002528166A JP 2000577947 A JP2000577947 A JP 2000577947A JP 2000577947 A JP2000577947 A JP 2000577947A JP 2002528166 A JP2002528166 A JP 2002528166A
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electrodes
electrode assembly
forceps
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フィリップ エム テッツラフ
スティーヴン ピー バイシー
ケイト アール ローズ
デール エフ シュマルツ
ランデル エイ フレイジア
マイケル ジェイ ランズ
スチーブン ダブリュー ルキアノフ
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シャーウッド サーヴィシス アクチェンゲゼルシャフト
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B18/1442Probes having pivoting end effectors, e.g. forceps
    • A61B18/1445Probes having pivoting end effectors, e.g. forceps at the distal end of a shaft, e.g. forceps or scissors at the end of a rigid rod
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B18/1442Probes having pivoting end effectors, e.g. forceps
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/28Surgical forceps
    • A61B17/29Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B2017/2926Details of heads or jaws
    • A61B2017/2945Curved jaws
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00571Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for achieving a particular surgical effect
    • A61B2018/0063Sealing
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B2018/1405Electrodes having a specific shape
    • A61B2018/1425Needle
    • A61B2018/1432Needle curved
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B2018/1495Electrodes being detachable from a support structure
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/03Automatic limiting or abutting means, e.g. for safety
    • A61B2090/033Abutting means, stops, e.g. abutting on tissue or skin
    • A61B2090/034Abutting means, stops, e.g. abutting on tissue or skin abutting on parts of the device itself

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Abstract

(57)【要約】 対向する端エフェクタ(22、24)と、端エフェクタの相対的な移動を生じさせるためのハンドル(16、18)とを有する鉗子と組み合わせて使用される脱着可能な電極組立体。電極組立体(21)は、鉗子と脱着式に係合可能なハウジングと、ハウジングの遠位端に取付可能な一対の電極(110、120)とを備えている。電極は、互いに対向する関係になるように、鉗子の端エフェクタと脱着式に係合可能である。電極組立体は、又、ハウジングに脱着式に取付可能なカバープレート(80)と、両電極の間隔を制御するための少なくとも一つのストップ部材とを備えている。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】
【0001】 (背景技術) 本発明は、外切開式外科処置及び/又は腹腔鏡による外科処置に使用される電
気外科鉗子に関する。詳しくは、本発明は、血管及び管組織をシール、焼灼、凝
固/乾燥、及び/又は、カットするためのディスポーザブル電極組立体を有する
バイポーラ鉗子に関する。
【0002】 (技術分野) 止血鉗子又は鉗子は、ジョー間の機械的運動を利用して血管を緊縛し、組織を
握持、切開、及び/又は、クランプする外切開式外科処置に一般に使用される、
単純なプライヤ型の器具である。電気外科は、組織を凝固、乾燥、焼灼、カット
、及び/又は、シールするために、その組織及び血管を加熱することによって止
血を行うのに、機械的なクランプ作用と電気的エネルギーとの両方を利用する。
【0003】 電気外科鉗子を利用することによって、外科医は、組織に加えられる電気外科
エネルギーの強度、周波数及び持続時間を制御して、組織を焼灼、凝固/切開、
及び/又は、カットすることも、及び/又は、単に出血を減少又は減速させるこ
ともできる。一般に、電気外科鉗子の電気的構成は、2つの分類、1)モノポー
ラ電気外科鉗子、及び、2)バイポーラ電気外科鉗子に分類することができる。
【0004】 モノポーラ鉗子は、クランプ端エフェクタに対応する1つのアクティブ電極と
、典型的には外部から患者に装着される遠隔患者リターン電極又はパッドとを使
用する。電気外科エネルギーが印加されると、そのエネルギーは、アクティブ電
極から手術部位に、そして患者を通ってリターン電極に流れる。
【0005】 バイポーラ電気鉗子は、端エフェクタの内側の対向する面に配置され、いずれ
も電気外科ジェネレータ(発電機)に電気的に接続された、ほぼ対向する2つの
電極を利用する。各電極は、異なる電位にチャージされる。組織は電気エネルギ
ーの導電体であるから、エフェクタが組織を挟むために使用されると、電気エネ
ルギーが組織を介して選択的に伝達される。
【0006】 細い血管を凝固させるプロセスは、血管シールとは基本的に異なる。ここでは
、用語「凝固」を、組織の細胞が破壊して乾燥する、組織の乾燥プロセスとして
定義する。「血管シール」を、組織がつながって溶融体に再構成されるように、
組織にコラーゲンを供給するプロセスとして定義する。従って、細い血管の凝固
は、これらを永久的に閉合するのに十分であるが、太い血管は、永久的な閉合を
確実にするために、シールする必要がある。
【0007】 太い血管の正しいシールを行うためには、2つの支配的な機械的パラメータが
正確に制御されなければならない。それは、血管に加えられる圧力と、電極間の
ギャップであり、いずれも、シールされる血管の厚みに影響する。即ち、血管壁
を対向させ、組織のインピーダンスを、組織に対する十分な電気外科エネルギー
の供給を許容するだけの十分に低い値に低減し、組織の加熱中、拡張しようとす
る力を克服し、良好なシールの指標である端組織の厚みに貢献するためには、圧
力を正確に与えることが重要である。ある例では、融合された血管壁は、0.001
インチ乃至0.006インチであるのが最も好ましい。この範囲を下回ると、シール
は破れたり裂けたりするし、この範囲を上回ると、ルーメンは正しく又は効果的
にシールされないことがある。
【0008】 これまで、種々の外切開式外科法のために、数多くのバイポーラ電気外科鉗子
が提案されてきた。しかしながら、これらのデザインの幾つかは、血管に均一に
反復可能な圧力を提供できなかったり、有効でない、或いは、均一でないシール
を生じさせることがある。例えば、Willisの米国特許第2,176,479号、Hiltebran
dtの米国特許第4,005,714号、Lottickの米国特許第4,370,980号、第4,552,143号
、第5,026,370号並びに第5,116,332号、Stemらの米国特許第5,443,463号、及びE
ggersらの米国特許第5,484,436号は、いずれも、血管又は組織を凝固、カット、
及び/又はシールするための電気外科器具に関する。
【0009】 これらの器具は、正しいシール厚みを得るのに、クランプ圧力にのみ依存して
おり、正しく制御されれば適正且つ効果的な組織のシールを保証することのでき
るギャップの許容差、及び/又は、平行性及び平坦性についての条件を考慮に入
れていない。例えば、シールの結果として得られる組織の厚みを単にクランプ圧
力を制御するだけで適正に制御することは、2つの理由の何れかで困難であるこ
とが知られている。つまり、1)加えられる力が強すぎると、2つの極が接触し
て、組織を介してエネルギーが伝達されず、効果的でないシールになるであろう
。或いは、2)加えられる力が弱すぎると、厚くて信頼性の低いシールが形成さ
れるであろう。
【0010】 従来のバイポーラ器具の多くは、電極及び/又は絶縁が破損するおそれがある
ので、清浄及び滅菌が実用的でない場合が多いことが分かった。即ち、プラスチ
ック等の電気的絶縁材料は、滅菌を繰り返すと、破損したり汚れたりすることが
知られている。
【0011】 従って、血管及び組織を適切且つ効果的にシールすることができ、継続使用及
び清浄化によって破損しないバイポーラ鉗子を開発する必要がある。
【0012】 (発明の開示) 本発明は、対向する端エフェクタと、この両端エフェクタの相対移動を制御す
るためのハンドルとを有する機械的鉗子と組み合わせて用いられる脱着式の電極
組立体に関する。電極組立体は、機械的鉗子と脱着式に係合可能であるハウジン
グと、このハウジングの遠位端に取付可能である一対の電極とを有する。電極は
、両電極が互いに離間した関係になるように、機械的鉗子の端エフェクタと脱着
式に係合可能である。電極組立体は、外切開式外科法、腹腔鏡式外科処置のいず
れにも採用可能であるのが好ましい。
【0013】 ハウジングの遠位端は、2つのプロングを形成するように分岐され、各プロン
グに各電極が取り付けられるのが好ましい。1つの実施の態様では、前記電極の
、機械的鉗子の端エフェクタとの係合を容易にするために、プロングは互いに移
動可能である。
【0014】 各電極は、導電性のシール面と絶縁基板とを有するのが好ましい。基板は、機
械的鉗子の対応する端エフェクタに設けられた相補的な機械的インターフェイス
と係合するための少なくとも一つの機械的インターフェイスを備えている。1つ
の実施例では、電極は、少なくとも一つのガイドピンと、このガイドピンを受け
入れるための相補的な開口とを備えている。
【0015】 電極組立体は、対向する電極の間隔を制御するための少なくとも一つのストッ
プ部材を備えている。本発明の別の実施例では、機械的鉗子は、端エフェクタ間
の間隔を制御するするための少なくとも一つのストップ部材を備え、端エフェク
タの間隔の制御によって、端エフェクタに取り付けられた対向する電極の間隔を
制御する。
【0016】 本発明の別の実施例は、ハウジング部材と脱着式に係合するカバープレートを
備え、機械的鉗子は、バイポーラ鉗子が組み立てられるときに、ハウジングとカ
バープレート間に配置される。
【0017】 別の実施例は、鉗子の少なくとも1部分と脱着式に係合可能である少なくとも
一つの部分を有するハウジングと、このハウジングの遠位端に取付可能な一対の
電極とを備えた脱着式電極組立体を含む。電極は、両電極が互いに対向する関係
になるように、鉗子の端エフェクタと脱着式に係合可能であるのが好ましい。
【0018】 別の実施の形態は、対向する端エフェクタ、及び、この端エフェクタの相対移
動を生じさせるハンドルとを有する機械的鉗子と、この機械的鉗子と脱着式に係
合する電極組立体とを備えたバイポーラ鉗子を含む。一対の対向する電極は、電
極組立体の遠位端に取り付けられ、両電極が互いに対向する関係になるように、
端エフェクタの1つと脱着式に係合可能である。好ましくは、少なくとも一つの
ストップ部材が、対向する電極間の間隔を制御する。
【0019】 更に別の実施の形態は、バイポーラ電気外科器具を含み、この器具は、一対の
第1、第2部材を有し、各部材は、その遠位端に取り付けられた端エフェクタと
、近位端に取り付けられて端エフェクタの相対移動を生じさせるハンドルとを有
する。電極組立体は、第1、第2部材の1つと脱着式に係合可能であり、端エフ
ェクタと脱着式に係合可能な一対の電極を備えている。
【0020】 別の実施の形態は、一対の第1、第2部材を有するバイポーラ電気外科器具を
含み、各部材は、その遠位端に取り付けられた端エフェクタと、ハンドルとを有
し、このハンドルは、第1、第2部材が互いに離間した関係になる第1の位置か
ら、両部材が互いに近づく第2の位置へ移動可能である。第1の電極は、第1の
端エフェクタに脱着式に取り付けられ、第2の電極は、第2の端エフェクタに脱
着式に取り付けられる。
【0021】 更に別の実施の形態は、対向する電極間に約0.001インチ乃至約0.006インチの
範囲のギャップ間隔を維持するための少なくとも一つのストップ部材を有するバ
イポーラ電気外科器具を含む。
【0022】 (発明を実施するための最良の形態) 図1乃至図3において、外切開式外科法及び腹腔鏡式外科処置に使用するため
のバイポーラ鉗子10は、機械的鉗子20と電極組立体21とを有する。図面及
び以下の説明で、用語「近位」は、伝統に従って、バイポーラ鉗子10のユーザ
に近い方の端を意味し、用語「遠位」は、ユーザから遠い方の端を意味する。
【0023】 機械的鉗子20は、それぞれ細長いシャフト12、14を備えた第1、第2部
材9、11を有する。シャフト12、14は、それぞれ、近位端13、15と遠
位端17、19とを有する。各シャフト部分12、14の各近位端13、15に
は、ハンドル部材16、18が取り付けられ、このハンドル部材16、18を介
して、ユーザは、シャフト部分12、14の少なくとも一方を他方に対して動か
すことができる。各シャフト部分12、14の遠位端17、19からは、端エフ
ェクタ22、24がそれぞれ延びている。端エフェクタ22、24は、ハンドル
部材16、18の動きに応答して相対的に移動可能である。
【0024】 機械的鉗子20は、シャフト12、14は、端エフェクタ22、24に近い点
でピボット25の回りに互いに結合され、ハンドル16、18の運動は、端エフ
ェクタ22、24が互いに離間した関係になる開位置から、端エフェクタ22、
24が協働して血管150を挟むクランプ又は閉位置(図8)への端エフェクタ
22、24の運動を生じさせるのが好ましい。ピボット25は、動作中、鉗子1
0の捻れ及び運動に耐え得る大きな表面積を有する。鉗子10は、ハンドル16
、18の一方又は両方の運動が一方の端エフェクタ、例えば22のみを他方の端
エフェクタ、例えば24に対して移動させるように設計できることが明らかであ
る。
【0025】 図3に最もよく示すように、端エフェクタ24は、内向面45、及び、この内
向面45に設けられて、後に詳述するディスポーザブル電極組立体21の一部と
脱着可能に係合するようにされた複数の機械的インターフェイスとを有する、上
方即ち第1のジョー部材44を含む。好ましくは、機械的インターフェイスは、
ジョー部材44の内向面45内に少なくとも一部が設けられ且つディスポーザブ
ル電極組立体21の上方電極120に取り付けられた相補的な移動止めを受け入
れるようにされたソケット41を含む。ここでは、ソケットという用語を用いた
が、ジョー部材44に雄型又は雌型の機械的インターフェイスを設けると共に、
ディスポーザブル電極21に対応する機械的インターフェイスを設けることを意
図したものである。
【0026】 場合によっては、ジョー部材44の別の側に機械的インターフェイスを設け、
ディスポーザブル電極組立体21の相補的な機械的インターフェイスと異なる態
様で、例えば横から、係合させるのが好ましいこともある。ジョー部材44は、
又、端エフェクタ24の内面45に少なくとも部分的に穿設され、ディスポーザ
ブル電極組立体21の電極120に設けられた相補的なガイドピン124を受け
入れるようにされた開口67を含む。
【0027】 端エフェクタ22は、内向面45と対面する内向面47を有する第2即ち下方
ジョー部材42を含む。好ましくは、ジョー部材45、47は、ほぼ対称的に形
成されるが、場合によっては、2つのジョー部材42、44を、特別な用途に応
じて、非対称に形成することが好ましいであろう。ジョー部材44に関して上述
したのと同様に、ジョー部材42にも、後に詳述するディスポーザブル電極組立
体21の電極110に設けられた相補部分と脱着可能に係合するように形成され
た複数の機械的インターフェイスが設けられている。同様に、ジョー部材42も
、内面47に少なくとも部分的に穿設されて、ディスポーザブル電極組立体21
の電極110に設けられた相補的なガイドピン126(図4参照)を受け入れる
ように形成された開口65を含む。
【0028】 好ましくは、機械的鉗子20のシャフト部材12、14は、クランプされたと
きに、それぞれ、ジョー部材22、24の対向する内向面47、45に所望の力
を伝達するように設計されている。特に、シャフト部材12、14は、スプリン
グ状に効果的に協働する(スプリングのように屈曲する)ので、シャフト部材1
2、14の長さ、幅、高さ及び撓みは、対向するジョー部材42、44に加えら
れる全体の伝達力に直接的に影響する。ジョー部材22、24は、シャフト部材
12、14よりも高い剛性を有し、シャフト部材12、14に蓄えられる歪みエ
ネルギーが、ジョー部材42、44間に一定の閉じ力を与えるのが好ましい。
【0029】 また、各シャフト部分12、14は、ラチェット32、34を備えている。各
ラチェット、例えば32は、各シャフト部材12の近位端13から他方のラチェ
ット34に向かってほぼ垂直方向に並列した状態で延びて、端エフェクタ22、
24が開位置から閉位置へ動くときに、各ラチェット32、34の内向面が互い
に当接するようになっている。各ラチェット32、34は、それぞれの内向面か
ら突出して、少なくとも一つの位置でラチェット32、34を互いにロックする
ことのできる複数のフランジ31、33を備えている。図1に示す実施例では、
ラチェット32、34は、幾つかの異なる位置で互いにロックする。各ラチェッ
ト位置は、特定の、即ち一定の歪みエネルギーをシャフト部材12、14に保持
し、シャフト部材12、14が、特定の力を端エフェクタ22、24,更に、電
極120、110に伝達するのが好ましい。ラチェットシステム又は類似のシス
テムの無いデザインでは、ユーザは、ハンドル16、18に一定の力を加えるこ
とによってジョー部材42、44を閉じ合わせる必要があり、一定の結果が得ら
れないことがある。
【0030】 場合によっては、ジョー部材42、44の運動を制御及び/又は制御するため
の別の機構を備えることが好ましいであろう。例えば、2つのハンドルの運動を
を別々の単位に分けるように、ラチェットと爪のシステムを利用することができ
、別々の運動をジョー部材42、44に相対的に生じさせることができる。
【0031】 少なくとも一方のシャフト部材、例えば14は、外科処置中の鉗子の操作を容
易にすると共に、以下に詳細に説明するように、機械的鉗子20への電極組立体
21の取付を容易にするタング99を備えることが好ましい。
【0032】 図2、図3及び図5に最もよく示すように、ディスポーザブル電極組立体21
は、機械的鉗子20との組合せで動作するように設計されている。電極組立体2
1は、近位端77と、遠位端76と、両者間の細長いシャフトプレート78とを
有するハウジング71を備えるのが好ましい。ハンドルプレート72は、ハウジ
ング71の近位端77の近くに配置され、機械的鉗子20のハンドル18と脱着
可能に係合して、これを覆うのに十分な大きさを有する。同様に、シャフトプレ
ート78は、シャフト14を覆い、及び/又は脱着可能に係合する大きさを有し
、ハウジング71の遠位端76の近くに配置されたピボットプレート74は、ピ
ボット25と、機械的鉗子20の遠位端19の少なくとも一部分を覆う大きさを
有する。電極組立体21は、機械的鉗子20の第1又は第2の部材9、11、及
び、その構成部品12、16又は14、18とそれぞれ係合するように形成する
こともできる。
【0033】 図2に示す実施例で、ハンドル18、シャフト14、ピボット25及び遠位端
19の一部分は、いずれも、ハウジング71に設けられた対応する溝に嵌合する
大きさを有する。例えば、溝139はハンドル18を受け入れる大きさを有し、
溝137はシャフト14を受け入れる大きさを有し、溝133は、ピボット25
と遠位端19の一部分とを受け入れる大きさを有する。
【0034】 電極組立体21は、又、ハウジング71に関連して上述したのと同様に、機械
的鉗子20を覆い、及び/又はこれと係合するように設計されたカバープレート
80を備えている。即ち、カバープレート80は、近位端85と、遠位端86と
、両者間の細長いシャフトプレート88とを有する。ハンドルプレート82は、
近位端85の近くに配置され、機械的鉗子20のハンドル18と脱着可能に係合
し、及び/又はこれを覆う大きさを有するのが好ましい。同様に、シャフトプレ
ート88は、シャフト14を覆い、及び/又はこれと係合する大きさを有し、遠
位端86の近くに配置されたピボットプレート94は、ピボット25と機械的鉗
子20の遠位端19とを覆うように設計されている。ハンドル18、シャフト1
4、ピボット25及び遠位端19は、いずれも、ハウジング71に関連して上述
したのと同様に、カバープレート80に設けられた対応する溝(図示せず)に嵌
合する大きさを有する。
【0035】 図3及び図4に最もよく示すように、ハウジング71及びカバープレート80
は、機械的鉗子20の第1の部材11を覆うように互いに係合し、両者間に、第
1の部材11とその各構成部品、例えば、ハンドル18、シャフト14、遠位端
19及びピボット25を配置させるように設計されている。ハウジング71及び
カバープレート80は、ハウジング71及びカバープレート80の内部の種々の
位置に配置された複数の機械的インターフェイスを備え、互いに機械的に係合す
ることが好ましい。即ち、ハウジング71のハンドルプレート72、シャフトプ
レート78及びピボットプレート74に近接して、複数のソケット73が配置さ
れ、カバープレート80から延びる対応する複数の移動止め83と脱着可能に係
合する大きさを有する。ハウジング71内には、雄型又は雌型の機械的インター
フェイス或いは機械的インターフェイスの組合せを配置し、カバープレート80
の上又は内部には、それと嵌合する機械的インターフェイスを設けることもでき
る。
【0036】 図5乃至図7に最もよく示すように、電極組立体21の遠位端76は、2つの
プロング状部材103、105が外方に向かって延びて電極110、120をそ
れぞれ支持するように分岐されている。即ち、電極120はプロング105の端
90に取り付けられ、電極110はプロング103の端91に取り付けられる。
電極110、120を、端91、90に対して、例えば摩擦又はスナップ係合の
ような公知の如何なる方法によって取り付けてもよい。
【0037】 図4及び図5に最もよく示すように、電極120、110には、一対のワイヤ
60、62がそれぞれ接続されている。ワイヤ60、62は、好ましくは、端子
コネクタ30(図3参照)から、ハウジング71の近位端77へ、更にハウジン
グ71の内側を通って遠位端76に延びるワイヤ束28を形成するように束ねら
れるのが好ましい。ワイヤ束28は、遠位端76の近くでワイヤ60、62に分
離され、ワイヤ60、62は、それぞれ、電極120、110に接続される。場
合によって、ワイヤ60、62或いはワイヤ束28は、電極組立体21の内側凹
所に沿った種々のピンチポイントで挟み込み、カバープレート80を取り付ける
ことによって、ワイヤ60、62を電極組立体21内に包み込むのが好ましいで
あろう。
【0038】 ワイヤ60、62のこのような配置は、バイポーラ鉗子10の操作に殆ど干渉
することの無いように、ユーザに便利なように設計される。上述したように、ワ
イヤ束28の近位端は、端子コネクタ30に接続されているが、場合によっては
、ワイヤ60、62を電気外科ジェネレータ(図示せず)まで延長するのが好ま
しいであろう。或いは、ワイヤ60、62は、分離したまま、第1、第2部材9
、11に沿って延びてもよい。
【0039】 図6に最もよく示すように、電極120は、スナップ係合又は別の何らかの組
立方法によって互いに取り付けられた導電性シール面126と電気絶縁基板12
1とを含む。例えば、基板121は、導電性シール面126を補足するようにオ
ーバーモールドされる。基板121は、好ましくは、射出成形プラスチック材料
で形成され、端エフェクタ24のジョー部材44に設けられた対応するソケット
41と機械的に係合する形状を有する。基板121は、電流を絶縁するばかりで
なく、電極120を整列させ、そのいずれもが、シールの品質及び正確性に寄与
する。例えば、導電面126を基板121にオーバーモールドすることによって
、電極120の配列と厚みとを制御することができる。
【0040】 好ましくは、基板121は、ソケット41の挿入時に圧縮し、挿入後に拡張し
て解除可能にソケット41を係止する形状を有する複数の分岐移動止め122を
備える。電極120とジョー部材44とのスナップ係合は、より広い範囲の製造
誤差を許容することもできる。基板121は、又、ジョー部材44の開口67と
係合する大きさを有する整列用又はガイド用のピン125を備える。
【0041】 導電性シール面126は、電極組立体21のプロング105の遠位端90と係
合し、電極組立体内に位置するワイヤ60に連結された対応するワイヤコネクタ
と電気的に係合するように設計されたワイヤクリンプ145を備えている。シー
ル面126は、又、血管又は管組織150を保持しているときに、組織150に
電気外科電流を伝えるように設計された対向面125を含む。
【0042】 電極110は、組織150に電気外科電流を遮断及び伝達するための同様のエ
レメントを含む。即ち、電極110は、スナップ係合又は別の何らかの組立方法
によって互いに取り付けられた導電性シール面116と電気絶縁基板111とを
含む。基板111は、ジョー部材42に設けられた複数のソケット43及び開口
65と係合するように形成された複数の分岐移動止め112と、位置合わせピン
126(図4参照)とを備えている。導電性シール面116は、プロング103
の遠位端91と係合し、且つ、ハウジング71に位置するワイヤ62に連結され
た対応するワイヤコネクタと電気的に係合するワイヤクリンプ119を備えた延
長部分155を含む。シール面116は、又、血管又は管組織150を保持して
いるときに、組織150に電気外科電流を伝えるように設計された対向面115
を含む。或いは、電極110及び/又は120は、一体に形成され、電気的エネ
ルギーを遮断及び伝達するための類似の構成要素を含むこともできる。
【0043】 図7に最もよく示すように、基板111は、又、延長部分108と、導電シー
ル116に設けられた対応する延長部分155及びインターフェイス107と係
合するように形成されたストップ部材106とを有する。電極110を組み立て
るには、ストップ部材106及び延長部分108が、導電シール116のインタ
ーフェイス107及び延長部分155にオーバーモールドされる。組立後、ワイ
ヤクリンプ119が、プロング部材103の端91に挿入され、ワイヤ62に接
続される。
【0044】 組織が圧迫されて電気外科エネルギーが組織に印可されると、組織のインピー
ダンスは水分のレベルが低減すると共に低減することが知られている。その結果
、2つの機械的要因、即ち、対向する面47、45間にかかる圧力と、対向する
電極110、120(図5参照)間のギャップの間隔が、シールの厚み及び効果
を決定するのに重要な役割を果たす。ジョー部材42、44は、組織のシールプ
ロセスの終わり(図8参照)に、対向する電極110、120を、所望のギャッ
プ範囲(例えば、0.001から0.006インチ)に位置させるように形成される。電極
組立体21及び機械的鉗子20の組立に関する材料の条件及び構成要素は、電極
間のギャップが所望の範囲を超えて変動しないように、特定の製造誤差内に納ま
るように形成される。
【0045】 組織の厚みを力だけで制御することは非常に困難であることが知られている。
即ち、力が強すぎると、2つの極が接触して、組織を介してエネルギーが伝達さ
れず、不良なシールになり、加えられる力が弱すぎると、厚くなってしまう。適
正な力を加えることは、別の理由で重要である。即ち、血管壁を対向させること
、組織のインピーダンスを、組織に対する十分な電気外科電流の供給を許容する
だけの十分に低い値に低減すること、組織の加熱中、拡張しようとする力を克服
すると共に、良好なシールの指標である必要な端組織の厚みの形成に貢献するこ
とである。
【0046】 ギャップの大きさが組織のシールに影響することも知られている。例えば、ギ
ャップが大きすぎる、即ち、ジョーが組織を十分に圧縮しないと、組織は、効果
的なシールのためのコラーゲンを適正に液化しない。逆にギャップが小さすぎる
、即ち、ジョーが組織を過剰に圧迫すると、電気外科エネルギーは、組織を実際
に切断し、これも望ましくない。組織を有効にシールして前述した欠陥を克服す
るためには、対向する電極110、120間のギャップの間隔(範囲)151(
図8参照)は、約0.001インチ乃至約0.006インチであるのが好ましく、約0.002
インチ乃至約0.005インチであるのが更に好ましい。
【0047】 組立後に所望のギャップ範囲が達成され、組織をシールするのに適正な力が加
えられることを確実にするために、基板111は、2つの電極110、120の
相対運動を制限及び/又は規制するように設計された少なくとも一つのストップ
部材106を有する。鉗子20も、端エフェクタ22、24の間隔、及び/又は
、端エフェクタ22、24の対向内向面47、45間に加えられる閉じ力を制限
及び/又は規制し、これによって電極110,120の間隔を規制するための、
少なくとも一つのストップ部材、例えば、101(図3参照)を有するのが好ま
しい。ストップ106は、ディスポーザブル電極組立体21の一部であるから、
このストップは、ディスポーザブル電極組立体21の材料に依存するという、も
う一つの利点を有する。製造の容易性及び簡潔性から、「段」ストップを利用す
るのが好ましい。
【0048】 ストップ部材は、上述した所望のギャップ範囲を達成するために、ディスポー
ザブル電極組立体の種々の点に配置することができ、及び/又は、ストップ部材
は、ハンドル16、18,ジョー42、44及び又はシャフト12、14などの
、機器の他の部品に配置することができる。
【0049】 シール面115、125は、尖ったエッジに電流が集中するのを回避し、且つ
、高い点間にアークが発生するのを回避するために、比較的平坦であるのが好ま
しい。係合したときの組織150の反応力に加えて、又、それ故に、ジョー部材
42、44は、屈曲に耐えるように製造されるのが好ましい。例えば、図3に最
もよく示すように、ジョー部材42、44は、2つの理由で有利な幅「W」に亘
って、テーパ状に形成するのが好ましい。即ち、1)テーパは、一定の圧力与え
て組織の厚みを一定にし、且つ、2)電極の厚い近位部分、例えば110は、組
織150の反応力による屈曲に耐えるであろう。電極のテーパ形状、例えば11
0は、電極110の遠位端から近位端への機械的に有利な変化を算出し、これに
従って電極110の幅を調整することによって決定される。
【0050】 プロング部材の少なくとも一方、例えば105は、弾性を有するか、或いは、
2つのプロング部材105、103の相対運動、従って、2つの電極120、1
10の相対運動を許容する弾性逃げ部分53を備えるのが好ましい。図3から最
もよく分かるように、まず、プロング105を弾性逃げ部分53で曲げることに
よってプロング105をプロング103に向けて移動させることで、電極組立体
21が機械的鉗子20に脱着可能に取り付けられる。次に、移動止め112、1
22及びガイドピン126、124を、それぞれ対応するソケット43、41又
は開口65、67と揃えるようにして、電極110、120を、開位置にある対
向ジョー部材42、44間でスライドさせる。ハウジング71も、シャフト14
、ハンドル18及びピボット25の全てが、ハウジング71内の対応する溝13
7、139、133と隣接して位置するように、配置される。
【0051】 弾性逃げ部分が解除されると、各電極110、120は、ジョー部材42、4
4とそれぞれ係合する。即ち、移動止め112、122がソケット43、41と
係合し、ハウジング71が機械的鉗子20と係合する。次に、上述したように、
ハウジング71にカバープレート80が取り付けられる。これによって、バイポ
ーラ鉗子10の動作のための準備が整う。
【0052】 1つの実施例では、電極組立体21は、別の方法で機械的鉗子20に取り付け
られる。例えば、図3に最もよく示すように、電極組立体21は、次の4工程か
らなる方法で機械的鉗子20と係合することができる。即ち、1)タング99を
電極組立体21のスロット100に係合させるように、電極組立体21及びカバ
ープレート80を後方に向けて回動させ、2)次に、電極組立体21及びカバー
プレート80を、両者間の機械的鉗子20のシャフト14と係合させるように前
方に向けて回動させ、3)次に、電極110の移動止め112を、ジョー部材2
2のソケット43と係合させ、4)電極120の移動止め122を、ジョー部材
24のソケット41と係合させる。
【0053】 図8は、使用中のバイポーラ鉗子10を示し、ハンドル部材16、18は、管
組織150にクランプ力を与えて図9及び図10に示すようにシール152を行
うために、互いに近接するように移動される。シールが行われると、管組織15
0は、組織150を切り離して、間に図11に示すようなギャップ154を形成
するように、シール152に沿ってカットすることができる。
【0054】 バイポーラ鉗子10の使用後、或いは、電極組立体21が損傷した場合は、電
極組立体21は、上述の取付手順を反転させることによって、容易に取り外し及
び/又は交換することができ、新しい電極組立体21を同様の方法で機械的鉗子
20と係合させることができる。例えば、電極組立体21は、次の4工程からな
る方法で、機械的鉗子20から取り外すことができる。即ち、1)電極120の
移動止め122を、ジョー部材24のソケット41から取り外し、2)電極11
0の移動止め112を、ジョー部材22のソケット43から取り外し、3)電極
組立体21及びカバープレート80を機械的鉗子20のシャフト14から取り外
し、4)電極組立体21及びカバープレート80を、タング99を電極組立体2
1のスロット100から抜き出すように回動させる。
【0055】 電極組立体21をディスポーザブルなものとすることによって、電極組立体2
1は、一回だけ使用されるものであり、清浄又は滅菌を必要としないから、損傷
を受ける可能性は少ない。その結果、例えば、導電面126、116及び絶縁面
121、111のような生体シール構成要素の機能性及び整合性は、均一で良質
のシールを保証する。
【0056】 図12乃至図14は、内視鏡外科処置で使用するための本発明の別の実施例を
示し、これは、ハンドル組立体218に連結された駆動ロッド組立体211を備
えたバイポーラ鉗子210を含む。駆動ロッド組立体211は、近位端216と
遠位端214とを有する細長い中空のシャフト部分212を含む。シャフト21
2の遠位端214には、端エフェクタ222が取り付けられ、この端エフェクタ
222は、一対の対向するジョー部材280、282を有する。シャフト212
の近位端216には、好ましくはハンドル組立体218が取り付けられ、このハ
ンドル組立体218は、ジョー部材材280、282に、両ジョー部材280、
282が互いに離間する開位置から、両ジョー部材280、282が協働して組
織150を挟むクランプ又は閉位置への運動を生じさせる。
【0057】 図13に最もよく示すように、アクチベータ220が、オペレータの少なくと
も1本の指を受け入れるための開口234を備えた可動ハンドル226と、オペ
レータの親指を受け入れるための開口232を備えた固定ハンドル28とを有す
る。可動ハンドル226は、固定ハンドル228に対する第1の位置から、固定
ハンドル228により近い、ジョー部材280、282を閉じ合わせる第2の位
置へ、選択的に移動可能である。固定ハンドル228は、可動ハンドル226に
連結されたラチェット230を受け入れるために近位側に延びる溝227を有す
るのが好ましい。この構造は、端エフェクタ組立体222を次第に閉じることを
可能にすると共に、対向するジョー部材280、282のロック係合を可能にす
る。場合によっては、ハンドル226のハンドル228に対する運動を制御、及
び/又は、制限するための、油圧、半油圧、及び/又はギア駆動システムのよう
な他の機構を含むことが好ましい。
【0058】 固定ハンドル228は、細長いシャフト212の長手方向軸線「A」を中心と
する端エフェクタ組立体222の回転運動を制御するための回転組立体223を
有する。好ましくは、回転組立体223は、シャフト212に装着されたギア2
52の回りで互いに係脱可能に係合する上側及び下側ノブ部分24a、24bを
有する。一対のハンドルセクション228a、228bは、複数の機械的インタ
ーフェイスを介して互いに係合して固定ハンドル228を形成する。図13に最
もよく示すように、各ハンドルセクション228a、228bは、ほぼ中空であ
って、鉗子210を構成する種々の内部構成要素を収容するための凹所250が
形成されている。例えば、凹所250は、電気外科ジェネレータ(図示せず)か
ら各ジョー部材280、282に伝達される電気外科エネルギーを制御するPC
ボード258を収容する。即ち、電気外科エネルギーは、電気外科ジェネレータ
から発生され、ハンドル組立体218の近位端に配置されたワイヤポート229
を介して取り付けられたケーブル260によって、PCボードに伝達される。P
Cボード258は、ジェネレータからの電気外科エネルギーを2つの異なる電位
に変換し、これらは、図14を参照して後に詳述する別体の端子クリップ264
b、264aによって各ジョー部材280、282に伝達される。
【0059】 図14において、ロッド組立体211は、近位端271と遠位端272とを有
する駆動ロッド270を含む。駆動ロッド270の近位端271には、ピストン
238が取り付けられ、全体として丸いヘッド部分239と、このヘッド部分2
39とピストン238の近位端との間に位置するノッチ241とを備える。アー
ム240のUリンクフランジ249a、249bは、アーム240がハンドルセ
クション228a、228b間に組み付けられるときに、両フランジ249a、
249b間にヘッド239を受け入れる大きさを有する(図6参照)。ハンドル
226の固定ハンドル228に向かう運動は、ピボット点255におけるアーム
240の上端245の回動を生じさせ、この回動は、ピストン238が端エフェ
クタ組立体222から遠くなる第1の位置から、ピストン238が端エフェクタ
組立体222に近くなる第2の位置への、ピストン238の移動を生じさせる。
以下に詳述するように、第1、第2位置間のピストン238の運動は、駆動ロッ
ド270を直線的に運動させ、この運動は、ジョー部材280、282を互いに
接近、離間させる。
【0060】 全体として丸いヘッド239をUリンクフランジ249a、249b間に配置
することは、ユーザが、ピストン238の直線運動に干渉することなく、回転組
立体223を効果的に使用するのを可能にする。
【0061】 端エフェクタ組立体222は、第1のジョー280と、第2のジョー282と
、両者間に配置された電気絶縁ヨーク284とを有する。ジョー部材280及び
ジョー部材282は、上述したハンドル組立体218の運動によって、開位置か
ら閉位置へ移動可能であることが好ましい。ジョー部材280、282の両方又
は一方が相対的に移動可能であってもよい。第1のジョー部材280は、その延
長部分である第1のフランジ281と、このフランジ281に設けられたカムス
ロット86とを備えている。同様に、第2のジョー282は、その延長部分であ
る第2のフランジ283と、このフランジ283に設けられたカムスロット28
8とを備えている
【0062】 端エフェクタ組立体222は、又、ジョー部材282、280とそれぞれ係合
する外ノーズ部分294と内ノーズ部分296とを有する。外ノーズ部分294
には、第1のピボット305が設けられ、フランジ283に設けられた対応する
ピボット孔289と係合する大きさを有する。内ノーズ部分296には、第2の
ピボット303が設けられ、フランジ281に設けられた対応するピボット孔2
87と係合する大きさを有する。第1のジョー部材280の回転中心は、第1の
ピボット孔287にあり、第2のジョー部材282の回転中心は、第2のピボッ
ト孔289にある。好ましくは、各ノーズ部分294、296が、導電性材料で
形成され、後に詳述するように、電気外科エネルギーを各ジョー部材282、2
80に伝達する。
【0063】 図13を参照して述べたように、電気外科エネルギーは、電気外科ジェネレー
タから、PCボード258を含むコネクタ組立体315に伝達され、PCボード
258が、そのエネルギーを第1及び第2の極に変換する。PCボード258に
は、一対の端子クリップ264a、264bが接続され、それぞれ、交流電位の
第1及び第2の極を駆動ロッド組立体211に伝達する。クリップ264aは、
シャフト212に連結されてジョー部材282に第1の極を通電させ、クリップ
264bは、駆動ロッド270に連結されたピストン238に連結する。第2の
極は、駆動ロッド270に沿ってジョー部材280に通電される。駆動ロッド2
70及びシャフト212は、いずれも導電材料で形成され、好ましくは、駆動ロ
ッド270とシャフト212との間に、鉗子210の短絡を防止するための絶縁
スリーブ275が配置される。
【0064】 図14に最もよく示すように、内ノーズ部分296は、駆動ロッド270と電
気的に接続され、外ノーズ部分294は、シャフト212に電気的に接続されて
いる。内外ノーズ部分296、294は、フランジ283、281と共に、ヨー
ク284を握持する。ヨーク284は、内外部分296、294間の空間で軸線
「A」に沿って軸線方向に移動し、スペーサ杭319が、ノーズ部分296、2
94の遠位端における間隔を維持している。杭319は、内外ノーズ部分296
、294と係合して、これらを共にロックし、更にジョー部材280、282を
ヨーク284の頂にロックする大きさを有する。場合によっては、杭319は、
ストップ部材として働き、対向するジョー部材280、282間の相対的ギャッ
プ距離を制御するような大きさを有するのが好ましいこともある。その場合、杭
319は、プラスチックのような電気絶縁材料で形成される。ノーズ部分294
、296は、フランジ281、283の横の支持を提供し、移動止め290、2
92を、それぞれカム孔286、288内に確実に保持させる。
【0065】 端エフェクタ組立体222は、又、極間の電気絶縁を維持するための内絶縁体
302と外絶縁体300とを有する。外絶縁体300は、電気エネルギーの第2
の極を通電する内ノーズ部分296及び駆動ロッド270から外ノーズ部分29
4を絶縁する。内絶縁体302は、電気エネルギーの第1の極を通電する外ノー
ズ部分294及びシャフト212から内ノーズ部分296を絶縁する。外ノーズ
部分294は、シャフト212とジョー部材282との間に電気的な連続性を形
成し、内ノーズ部分296は、駆動ロッド270とジョー部材280との間に電
気的な連続性を形成することができる。
【0066】 駆動ロッド270の軸線方向の運動中、駆動ロッド270と内ノーズ部分29
6との間に電気的な接続を維持するために、スプリングコンタクト298を使用
するのが好ましい。又、スリーブ275内での駆動ロッド270の直線運動を保
証すると共に、鉗子210の不慮の短絡を防止するために、ドーナツ状のスペー
サ308を使用することもできる。
【0067】 図14に戻って、ヨーク284を、プラスチックのような電気絶縁材料で形成
するのが好ましい。ヨーク284の第1側291は第1のフランジ281に面し
、ヨーク284の第2側293は第2のフランジ283に面する。ヨーク84が
フランジ281、283間に位置するときに、ヨーク284は、第1のジョー部
材80を第2のジョー部材282から電気的に絶縁する。かくして、バイポーラ
電気外科電流は、フランジ281、283間で短絡することなく、ジョー280
、282間に狭持された組織350を介して導通することができる。
【0068】 ギャップ範囲を所望の値にして(例えば、約0.001インチ乃至約0.006インチ)
、組織をシールするための所望の力を加えるために、少なくとも一つのジョー部
材280及び/又は282は、対向するジョー部材280、282の相対的な運
動を制限するストップ部材339を備えている。上述したように、場合によって
、杭319は、ストップ部材として働き、2つの対向するジョー部材280、2
82の相対的な運動を制限するのが好ましい。ストップ部材339及び/又は杭
319は、絶縁材料で形成され、ジョー部材280、282の対向運動を前記ギ
ャップ範囲に制限する大きさに形成されるのが好ましい。
【0069】 以上のことから、且つ、種々の図面を参照することにより、当業者は、本発明
の範囲から逸脱しない限度で、本発明に変更を加えることができることを理解す
るであろう。例えば、電極110、120は平行な対向状態で向き合い、従って
、同一平面上で向き合うことが望ましいが、電極110、120を、遠位端で互
いに当接させるように僅かにバイアスさせ、同一平面で両電極を撓ませるには、
ハンドル16、18に対する付加的な閉じ力を必要とするのが望ましいこともあ
ろう。
【0070】 電極110、120を垂直方向に整列させるのが好ましいが、特別な目的に応
じて、対向する電極110、120を長手方向又は横断方向に互いにオフセット
させるのが好ましいこともあろう。
【0071】 電極組立体21は、機械的鉗子20を両側から係止するハウジング71とカバ
ープレート80とを備えるのが好ましいが、機械的鉗子20を係止するのに1つ
のピースだけ、例えばハウジング71だけを必要とするように、ディスポーザブ
ル電極組立体21を形成するのが望ましいこともあろう。
【0072】 本発明の1つの実施例のみを示したが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではな
く、現在の技術から許容できる広さの範囲を有するものであり、明細書もそのよ
うに読まれるべきである。従って、以上の記載は、限定的に解釈すべきでなく、
単に好ましい実施例の例示に過ぎない。当業者は、請求の範囲の記載の範囲及び
趣旨に照らして、別の変形例を想到することができるであろう。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明に従うバイポーラ鉗子の斜視図である。
【図2】 図1に示すバイポーラ鉗子の遠位端の拡大斜視図である。
【図3】 図1に示す鉗子の、部品を分解した状態の斜視図である。
【図4】 図1に示すディスポーザブル電極組立体の、カバープレートの無い状態の拡大
側面図である。
【図5】 図4のディスポーザブル電極組立体の遠位端の拡大斜視図である。
【図6】 図5のディスポーザブル電極組立体の上方電極の、部品を分解した状態の斜視
図である。
【図7】 図5のディスポーザブル電極組立体の下電極の、部品を分解した状態の斜視図
である。
【図8】 血管のシールを行うための鉗子の運動を示す、本発明の鉗子の斜視図である。
【図9】 血管のシール部位の拡大部分斜視図である。
【図10】 図9の10−10線に沿ったシール部位の長手方向断面図である。
【図11】 血管の切り離し後の、図9のシール部位の長手方向断面図である。
【図12】 本発明の別の実施例の斜視図である。
【図13】 図12の実施例の分解図である。
【図14】 図12及び図13の実施例の作用端の拡大分解図である。
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (81)指定国 EP(AT,BE,CH,CY, DE,DK,ES,FI,FR,GB,GR,IE,I T,LU,MC,NL,PT,SE),AU,CA,J P (72)発明者 ローズ ケイト アール アメリカ合衆国 コロラド州 80027 ス ーパリアー ロックヴュー サークル 1690 (72)発明者 シュマルツ デール エフ アメリカ合衆国 コロラド州 80524 フ ォート コリンズ ウェストヴュー ロー ド 2319 (72)発明者 フレイジア ランデル エイ アメリカ合衆国 コロラド州 80027 ル イスヴィル ウェスト パイン ストリー ト 653 (72)発明者 ランズ マイケル ジェイ アメリカ合衆国 フロリダ州 34683 パ ーム ハーバー アルタネイト 19 サウ ス #269 455 (72)発明者 ルキアノフ スチーブン ダブリュー アメリカ合衆国 コロラド州 80301 ボ ルダー バッキンガム ロード 7339 Fターム(参考) 4C060 DD03 DD12 FF19 KK03 KK04 KK06 KK10 KK14 KK15 KK47 MM25

Claims (34)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 【請求項1】 対向する端エフェクタと、該端エフェクタの互いに対する相
    対移動を生じさせるためのハンドルとを有する鉗子と共に使用される脱着式電極
    組立体であって、 前記鉗子の少なくとも一つの部分と脱着式に係合可能な少なくとも一つの部分
    を有するハウジングと、 該ハウジングの遠位端に取り付けられ、互いに対向する関係になるように、前
    記鉗子の端エフェクタと脱着式に係合可能な一対の電極と、 該電極間の間隔を制御するための少なくとも一つのストップ部材と、を含む脱
    着式電極組立体。
  2. 【請求項2】 前記電極は、それぞれ、導電性シール面と絶縁基板とを有す
    る、請求項1に記載の脱着式電極組立体。
  3. 【請求項3】 前記ストップ部材は、前記絶縁基板に取り付けられる、請求
    項2に記載の脱着式電極組立体。
  4. 【請求項4】 前記ハウジングの前記遠位端は、2つのプロングを形成する
    ように分岐され、前記電極は、それぞれ、前記プロングの1つに取り付けられる
    、請求項1に記載の脱着式電極組立体。
  5. 【請求項5】 前記ハウジングの前記プロングは、前記電極の、前記鉗子の
    前記端エフェクタとの係合を容易にするために互いに移動可能である、請求項4
    に記載の脱着式電極組立体。
  6. 【請求項6】 前記各電極の前記絶縁基板は、前記鉗子の対応する端エフェ
    クタに設けられた相補的な機械的インターフェイスと係合するための、少なくと
    も一つの機械的インターフェイスを有する、請求項5に記載の脱着式電極組立体
  7. 【請求項7】 少なくとも一つの前記基板の機械的インターフェイスは、少
    なくとも一つの移動止めを備え、対応する端エフェクタの前記機械的インターフ
    ェイスは、前記移動止めを受け入れるための少なくとも一つの相補的なソケット
    を備える、請求項6に記載の脱着式電極組立体。
  8. 【請求項8】 少なくとも一つの前記電極の基板は、少なくとも一つのガイ
    ドピンを備え、対応する端エフェクタは、前記ガイドピンを受け入れるための少
    なくとも一つの相補的開口を備える、請求項6に記載の脱着式電極組立体。
  9. 【請求項9】 前記ストップ部材は、少なくとも一つの前記端エフェクタに
    取り付けられる、請求項1に記載の脱着式電極組立体。
  10. 【請求項10】 前記ストップ部材は、少なくとも一つの前記電極に取り付
    けられる、請求項1に記載の脱着式電極組立体。
  11. 【請求項11】 前記電極はテーパ状に形成される、請求項1に記載の脱着
    式電極組立体。
  12. 【請求項12】 前記電極は、各々、ワイヤに接続される電気コネクタを有
    する、請求項1に記載の脱着式電極組立体。
  13. 【請求項13】 前記ハウジングは、前記鉗子の前記ハンドルと脱着式に係
    合可能である、請求項1に記載の脱着式電極組立体。
  14. 【請求項14】 前記ハウジングと脱着式に係合可能なカバープレートを更
    に含む、請求項1に記載の脱着式電極組立体。
  15. 【請求項15】 前記ハウジングと前記カバープレートの双方が前記鉗子と
    係合可能である、請求項14に記載の脱着式電極組立体。
  16. 【請求項16】 前記鉗子は、前記ハウジングと前記カバープレートとの間
    に配置される、請求項15に記載の脱着式電極組立体。
  17. 【請求項17】 前記ハウジングは、2つのプロングを形成する分岐された
    遠位端を有し、各電極は、該プロングの1つに脱着式に取り付けられる、請求項
    1に記載の脱着式電極組立体。
  18. 【請求項18】 前記ハウジングの前記プロングは、前記電極の、前記鉗子
    の前記端エフェクタとの係合を容易にするために、互いに移動可能である、請求
    項17に記載の脱着式電極組立体。
  19. 【請求項19】 対向する電極間に所望の閉じ力を維持するために、少なく
    とも一つの相補的な機械的インターフェイスと係合する少なくとも一つのラチェ
    ットを更に含む、請求項1に記載の脱着式電極組立体。
  20. 【請求項20】 対向する電極間に所望の閉じ力を維持するために、少なく
    とも一つの位置で互いにロックする一対の対向するラチェットを更に含む、請求
    項1に記載の脱着式電極組立体。
  21. 【請求項21】 対向する端エフェクタと、該端エフェクタの互いに対する
    相対移動を生じさせるためのハンドルとを有する鉗子と共に使用される脱着式電
    極組立体であって、 前記鉗子の部分と脱着式に係合可能な部分を有するハウジングと、 該ハウジングの遠位端に取り付けられ、互いに対向する関係になるように、前
    記鉗子の端エフェクタと脱着式に係合可能な一対の電極と、 を含む脱着式電極組立体。
  22. 【請求項22】 前記ハウジングの前記遠位端は、2つのプロングを形成す
    るように分岐され、前記電極は、それぞれ、前記プロングの1つと脱着式に係合
    可能である、請求項21に記載の脱着式電極組立体。
  23. 【請求項23】 前記プロングは、前記電極の、前記鉗子の前記端エフェク
    タとの係合を容易にするために互いに移動可能である、請求項22に記載の脱着
    式電極組立体。
  24. 【請求項24】 前記電極は、前記ハンドルから電気的に絶縁されている、
    請求項21に記載の脱着式電極組立体。
  25. 【請求項25】 対向する端エフェクタと、該端エフェクタの互いに対する
    相対移動を生じさせるためのハンドルとを有する鉗子と、 前記鉗子に着脱式に取付可能な電極組立体であって、その遠位端に取り付けら
    れる一対の対向する電極を含むと共に、該電極は、互いに対向する関係になるよ
    うに、それぞれ、前記端エフェクタの1つと脱着式に係合可能である電極組立体
    と、 前記対向する電極間の間隔を制御するための少なくとも一つのストップ部材と
    、 を含む、バイポーラ電気外科器具。
  26. 【請求項26】 それぞれ、遠位端から延びる端エフェクタと、近位端に取
    り付けられて前記端エフェクタの互いに対する相対移動を生じさせるためのハン
    ドルとを有する一対の第1、第2部材と、 前記第1部材と脱着式に係合可能であると共に、各々、前記端エフェクタの1
    つと脱着式に係合可能である一対の電極と、 を含む、バイポーラ電気外科器具。
  27. 【請求項27】 前記電極組立体は、2つのプロング状部材が外方に向かっ
    て延びるように分岐され、前記端エフェクタの1つと着脱式に係合した電極を支
    持する、請求項26に記載のバイポーラ電気外科器具。
  28. 【請求項28】 それぞれ、遠位端から延びる端エフェクタと、第1の位置
    から第2の位置へ移動可能であるハンドルとを有する一対の第1、第2部材であ
    って、前記第1の位置で互いに離間した関係になり、前記第2の位置で互いに近
    くなる、一対の第1、第2部材と、 前記第1の端エフェクタに着脱式に取り付けられた第1の電極、及び、前記第
    2の端エフェクタに着脱式に取り付けられた第2の電極と、 を含む、バイポーラ電気外科器具。
  29. 【請求項29】 それぞれ、内面と外面とを有する第1、第2の対向する端
    エフェクタと、 前記第1、第2の端エフェクタの近位側に設けられ、該第1、第2の端エフェ
    クタが互いに離間した関係になる第1の位置から、前記第1、第2の端エフェク
    タが互いに近づいて組織を挟み、電気外科エネルギーを印可する第2の位置へ移
    動可能であるハンドルであって、前記第1の位置と前記第2の位置との間で該ハ
    ンドルを移動させるためにユーザが掴む少なくとも一つのグリップ部分を備えた
    ハンドルと、 前記第1の端エフェクタに設けられた第1の電極と、前記第2の端エフェクタ
    に設けられた第2の電極であって、前記ハンドルの前記第1の位置から第2の位
    置への移動によって互いに近づくように形成され、且つ、互いに実質的に対向す
    る関係にあり、各々、組織接触面を有して、前記第1、第2の電極の前記両組織
    接触面間に組織を係止すると共に、係止した組織に電気外科エネルギーを供給し
    てシールを行うことができる、第1、第2の電極と、 前記第1、第2の電極の一方が第1の電位を有し、他方の電極が第2の電位を
    有するように、前記第1、第2の電極を、前記各電極への電気外科エネルギー供
    給源に電気的に接続し、前記実質的に対向する電極が、両者間に保持した組織を
    介してバイポーラエネルギーを導通させることができるようにするコネクタと、 前記端エフェクタ及び前記電極が互いに近づくように前記ハンドルが第2の位
    置へ移動されたときに、前記第1、第2の電極間のギャップ間隔を、約0.001イ
    ンチ乃至約0.006インチ(約0.00254cm〜約0.0132cm)の範囲に維持する少なくと
    も一つのストップ部材と、 を含む、バイポーラ電気外科器具。
  30. 【請求項30】 前記ギャップ間隔が約0.002インチ乃至約0.005インチ(約
    0.00508cm〜約0.0127cm)の範囲にある、請求項29に記載のバイポーラ電気外
    科器具。
  31. 【請求項31】 a)ハンドルと、 b)駆動ロッド組立体とを含み、該駆動ロッド組立体は、 b1)遠位端に取り付けられた端エフェクタ組立体を有する外シャフトであ
    って、該端エフェクタ組立体は、その遠位端に取り付けられた一対の対向する第
    1、第2の電極を含み、該第1の電極に電気的に接続された内ノーズ部分と前記
    第2の電極に電気的に接続された外ノーズ部分とを有するように構成された外シ
    ャフトと、 b2)前記外シャフト内に設けられ、前記第1、第2の電極が互いに離間す
    る関係になる第1の位置から、前記第1、第2の電極が互いに近づいて組織を挟
    み、電気外科エネルギーを印可する第2の位置へハンドルによって移動可能であ
    る駆動ロッドとを有し、 c)更に、前記第1の電極が第1の電位を有し、前記第2の電極が第2の電位
    を有するように、前記第1、第2の電極を、各電極への電気外科エネルギー供給
    源に電気的に接続するコネクタを含む、バイポーラ電気外科器具。
  32. 【請求項32】 前記コネクタは、第1、第2のクリップを有するPCボー
    ドを含み、該第1のクリップは、前記第1の電位を前記シャフトに伝達して、前
    記外ノーズ部分及び前記第1の電極に導通させ、前記第2のクリップは、前記第
    2の電位を前記駆動ロッドに伝達して、前記内ノーズ部分及び前記第2の電極に
    導通させる、請求項31に記載のバイポーラ電気外科器具。
  33. 【請求項33】 前記駆動ロッドは、前記外シャフトから電気的に絶縁され
    ている、請求項31に記載のバイポーラ電気外科器具。
  34. 【請求項34】 前記内ノーズ部分及び前記外ノーズ部分は、互いに電気的
    に絶縁されている、請求項31に記載のバイポーラ電気外科器具。
JP2000577947A 1998-10-23 1999-10-22 ディスポーザブル電極を備えた外切開式血管シール用鉗子 Expired - Fee Related JP4245278B2 (ja)

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US09/177,950 1998-10-23
US09/178,027 1998-10-23
US09/178,027 US6277117B1 (en) 1998-10-23 1998-10-23 Open vessel sealing forceps with disposable electrodes
PCT/US1999/024869 WO2000024330A1 (en) 1998-10-23 1999-10-22 Open vessel sealing forceps with disposable electrodes

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ES2251260T3 (es) 2006-04-16
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CA2347014A1 (en) 2000-05-04
JP4245278B2 (ja) 2009-03-25
AU756626B2 (en) 2003-01-16
DE69929230D1 (de) 2006-02-02
AU1225700A (en) 2000-05-15
DE69929230T2 (de) 2006-08-24
EP1123058A1 (en) 2001-08-16
JP2008253792A (ja) 2008-10-23
JP4819091B2 (ja) 2011-11-16
CA2347014C (en) 2011-01-04

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