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GB2389094A - Swirling flow fluidising nozzle and fluid outlet combination - Google Patents

Swirling flow fluidising nozzle and fluid outlet combination Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2389094A
GB2389094A GB0212728A GB0212728A GB2389094A GB 2389094 A GB2389094 A GB 2389094A GB 0212728 A GB0212728 A GB 0212728A GB 0212728 A GB0212728 A GB 0212728A GB 2389094 A GB2389094 A GB 2389094A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
flow
fluidising apparatus
fluidising
flow chamber
outlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB0212728A
Other versions
GB0212728D0 (en
GB2389094B (en
Inventor
James Edward Delves
Neil Keith Young
David Oliver Drew
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dynamic Processing Solutions Ltd
Original Assignee
Dynamic Processing Solutions Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dynamic Processing Solutions Ltd filed Critical Dynamic Processing Solutions Ltd
Priority to GB0212728A priority Critical patent/GB2389094B/en
Publication of GB0212728D0 publication Critical patent/GB0212728D0/en
Priority to US10/514,960 priority patent/US8628276B2/en
Priority to CA 2487698 priority patent/CA2487698C/en
Priority to BR0311521A priority patent/BR0311521B1/en
Priority to PCT/GB2003/002370 priority patent/WO2003101868A1/en
Priority to AU2003242837A priority patent/AU2003242837B2/en
Priority to DE2003604581 priority patent/DE60304581T2/en
Priority to EP03756067A priority patent/EP1532064B1/en
Priority to AT03756067T priority patent/ATE323047T1/en
Publication of GB2389094A publication Critical patent/GB2389094A/en
Priority to NO20045102A priority patent/NO328186B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2389094B publication Critical patent/GB2389094B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/0015—Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor
    • B01J8/0025—Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor by an ascending fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
    • B65G53/04—Conveying materials in bulk pneumatically through pipes or tubes; Air slides
    • B65G53/16—Gas pressure systems operating with fluidisation of the materials
    • B65G53/18—Gas pressure systems operating with fluidisation of the materials through a porous wall
    • B65G53/22—Gas pressure systems operating with fluidisation of the materials through a porous wall the systems comprising a reservoir, e.g. a bunker
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
    • B65G53/04—Conveying materials in bulk pneumatically through pipes or tubes; Air slides
    • B65G53/06—Gas pressure systems operating without fluidisation of the materials
    • B65G53/10—Gas pressure systems operating without fluidisation of the materials with pneumatic injection of the materials by the propelling gas
    • B65G53/12—Gas pressure systems operating without fluidisation of the materials with pneumatic injection of the materials by the propelling gas the gas flow acting directly on the materials in a reservoir
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/206—Flow affected by fluid contact, energy field or coanda effect [e.g., pure fluid device or system]
    • Y10T137/2087—Means to cause rotational flow of fluid [e.g., vortex generator]

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Air Transport Of Granular Materials (AREA)
  • Branch Pipes, Bends, And The Like (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

A fluidising apparatus comprises a fluidising nozzle 2, with an inlet 4 and an outlet 6, in combination with a further fluid outlet 30, external to the nozzle 2, which may be the outlet 30 of a tank (VI, FIG3) in which the nozzle 2 is housed. The nozzle 2 may feature means suitable for generating a swirling flow of fluid, such as a vane arrangement (fig.2). The apparatus may aid the fluidising of a particulate material within the tank (VI, fig.3). Swirling flow from the nozzle 2, (also F1, fig.3) may mix the particulate material into a slurry which can be tapped off from the tank (V1, fig.3) via a line 44.

Description

1 2389094
FLUIDISING APPARATUS
This invention relates to fluidising apparatus which can be used, for example, to fluidise settled solids, within 5 a tank at atmospheric pressure or a pressure vessel at greater than atmospheric pressure in order to cause the solids to form a slurry which can be discharged from the tank or vessel.
10 The slurry may pass into a slurry hydrotransport pipeline, designed to deliver the slurry at a required concentration over a required distance or static head with no moving parts subjected to abrasion or erosion.
Alternatively, it may be fed directly into a slurry pump 15 at a constant relative density or an inductor/jet pump, or other required processing system.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
20 US Patent Nos. 4,978,251, 4,952,099, 4,992.006 and 5,853,266, disclose fluidising units of the type comprising a supply duct which is arranged to be fed with liquid under pressure, and a discharge duct within the supply duct, and projecting beyond the outlet of the 25 supply duct.
A particular disadvantage of the fluidising units described in the above mentioned patents is that the discharge duct is always within the slurry duct. This 30 can lead to a requirement to have large units and in particular large nozzles in pressure vessels etc. As the fluidising units may require inspection and/or maintenance the units in practice are normally designed
to be removable, through nozzles or manways. The larger the dimension of the fluidising unit the more demanding the design of the pressure vessel becomes.
5 It has also been observed in practice that a large fluidising unit installed inside a pressure vessel can cause a hold-up of material on its top or within the annulus, created by the fluidising unit and its pressure vessel, by the formation of a bridge of solids.
STATEMENT OF INVENTION:
According to the present invention there is provided fluidising apparatus comprising: a flow chamber having a fluid Inlet and a fluid outlet; means for establishing a swirling flow in a fluid passing out of the fluid outlet; and a transport outlet for transporting fluidised material away from the flow chamber, the transport outlet being situated externally of the flow chamber. t 25 Preferably, the transport outlet is situated close to the flow chamber. Preferably, the transport outlet is situated on a central axis of the flow chamber. For example, the flow chamber may be located with its central axis substantially vertical and the transport outlet may 30 be situated directly above or directly below the flow chamber. Preferably, the said means for establishing a swirling flow comprises an offset fluid inlet with a central axis
( which does not intersect the central axis of the flow chamber. Preferably, the flow chamber comprises a housing and a 5 flow guide, the flow guide being situated at least partially within the housing. Preferably, the housing comprises a cap which fits over the flow guide.
Preferably, the flow guide is substantially helical.
Alternatively, the flow guide may be substantially 10 tubular and has a side wall in which is formed an opening, the opening extending through the side wall in a direction which is offset from a radial direction of the flow chamber. Most preferably, the opening extends substantially tangentially through the side wall of the 15 flow guide. Preferably, a plurality of openings are formed through the flow guide. The openings may be in the form of tangential slots.
Preferably, the flow guide is closed off at its outlet 20 end. Preferably, an end of the flow chamber is closed off by an end wall. The end wall may be supported on the flow guide and may extend radially outwardly beyond the side wall of the flow guide to form a flange. The flange assists in directing the flow away from the flow guide.
25 Preferably, the fluid outlet from the flow chamber is annular and is defined between the flange and the side wall of the flow chamber. Preferably, the flange can be moved relative to the flow chamber along the central axis of the flow chamber, to adjust the flow rate through the 30 flow chamber. Preferably, the flange can be moved into abutment with a bottom edge of the flow chamber, thereby closing off the fluid outlet from the flow chamber when it is not in use.
Preferably, the portion of the flow chamber which is adjacent the transport outlet is profiled in order to encourage a stable fluid regime between the flow chamber 5 and the transport outlet. Preferably, this portion is generally in the shape of a cone with a concave side wall. For example, it may taper parabolically from its base to its tip.
10 Preferably the fluidising apparatus is operated in a container, the only outlet from the container comprising the transport outlet.
Compared with the prior art apparatus, fluidising
15 apparatus according to the present invention can have smaller inlet and discharge nozzles, avoid bridging of solids in the vessel, be capable of using any fluid as a driving force, be easily accessible and economically viable to replace. It can also be provided with a 20 sacrificial transport outlet In the form of a discharge duct, which avoids errosional damage to pressure vessel components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
For a better understanding of the present invention and to show how it may be carried into effect, reference will now be made by way of example to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a longitudinal crosssection through a fluidising apparatus;
Figure is a cross-section on line AA in Figure 1; Figure 3 is a schematic representation of an atmospheric system using the fluidising apparatus of Figure 1; and Figure 4 is a schematic representation of a pressurized system using the fluidising apparatus of Figure 1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a fluidising apparatus comprising a flow chamber 2 having a fluid Inlet 4 and a fluid outlet 6. The flow chamber 2 comprises a housing in the form of a cap 8 having a side wall 10 and a top 12 15 which in the region 14 is generally In the shape of a cone with a concave side wall. The underside of the top 12 is provided with an annular recess 16 in which is located a cylindrical flow guide 18. As best shown in Figure 2, the upper portion 20 of the flow guide 18 is 20 provided with a series of tangential slots 22a to 22f.
The lower portion 24 of the flow guide 18 has an external thread which cooperates with an internal thread formed in an annular flange 26.
25 A fluid outlet 6 is defined between the side wall 10 of the cap 8 and the flange 26 and an annular flow passage 28 is defined between the side wall 10 of the cap 8 and the upper portion 20 of the flow guide 18. The annular flow passage 28 is continuous with the fluid outlet 6, so 30 that the fluid inlet 4 communicates with the fluid outlet 6 by means of the tangential slots 22a to 22f and the flow passage 28. Directly above the flow chamber 2 is located a transport outlet 30.
In use of the fluidising unit in a pressurlsed system, fluid under pressure enters the fluidising unit through the fluid inlet 4, passes down the flow guide 18 and 5 exits the flow guide tangentially via the slots 22a to 22f (as the open end of the flow guide 18 is closed by the cap 8). The cap 8 also acts as a swirl enhancer and is positioned such that Its side wall 10 forms one side of the said annular flow passage 28 around the tangential 10 slots 22a to 22f. The cap 8 is longer than the slots 22a to 22f, such that it overlaps the slots by an amount d and defines the fluid outlet 6 by which the concentrated swirling fluid exits the flow chamber 2. The profiled region 14 of the cap 8 IS shaped in order to encourage a 15 stable fluid regime above the flow chamber 2. The swirling flow exiting the flow chamber 2 fluldises, mixes and breaks up settled or partly settled solids adjacent to the flow chamber 2, thereby forming a mobile slurry, which is directed towards the transport outlet 30 from 20 where it can be directed to a slurry pipeline or for further processing. The transport outlet 30 may, for example, comprise a substantially horizontal pipe or a pipe with a bend (preferably a 90 degree bend), and it may be funnelled, such that it flares outwardly towards 25 the flow chamber 2.
The fluidising apparatus may be fixed within a vessel or tank at any orientation, passing through the vessel or tank wall by means of a normal flanged nozzle or threaded 30 inlet boss, whereby the inlet to the fluidising apparatus is fed by a fluid under pressure. The outlet 6 of the fluidising apparatus sets up a swirl that can be created by, for example, a tangential fluid inlet or inlets,
tangential slots or holes in a flow guide, or an auger unit within the inlet pipe or flow chamber 2. The swirl from the fluidising apparatus mobilizes any settled or partly settled solids into a slurry mixture. In the case 5 of a pressurised unit the only exit from the vessel is a separate transport outlet 30 which is preferably situated directly above or under the fluidising unit. The prepared slurry then reports via the transport outlet 30 to a slurry pipeline, pump or process system as may be 10 required. In an atmospheric system the outlet duct can be attached to a pump, or inductor to create the pressure differential required to transport the slurry to its required destination.
15 Figure 3 shows an atmospheric system incorporating a fluidising apparatus in accordance with the present invention. Solids to be transported are loaded into V1. Should 20 fluids be present in Vl these may be displaced by incoming solids and will report to the Tank T1 by means of an overflow.
When V1 is filled with solids the pump is started and the 25 valve 40 opens to allow fluids to pass through non-return valve 42 into fluidising unit F1.
Solids will be fluidised and discharged through pipe 44, due to the vessel operating at atmospheric pressure the 30 slurry will discharge at an equal or less pressure, controlled by the hydrostatic head of solids/watex/slurry available in V1.
The discharging slurry can be fed into an inductor 46 to provide motive force to deliver the slurry over a short distance. Feed to the inductor may be from a separate feed or from the main pump by opening valve 48.
5 Alternatively the exiting slurry from 44 may be fed into the suction of a slurry pump 50 to provide motive force without further dilution. Using this method will in most cases reduce the need for large mixing tanks normally required to feed slurry pumps.
Figure 4 shows a pressurized system using a fluidising apparatus in accordance with the present invention.
Solids to be transported are loaded into the vessel via a 15 hopper 58 and valve 60. Fluids in vessel V1 are displaced by incoming solids and report to the feed tank T1 via valve 62..
When the vessel is filled with solids, valves 60 and 62 20 are closed together with all other valves.
The pump is started and valve 64 is opened to allow fluid to pass nonreturn valve 66 and to enter V1 via fluidising unit F1 to pressurise V1 and solids will 25 discharge as a slurry through the discharge line 68.
Should the slurry be too dilute then valve 70 may be opened to cause partial flow to the top of vessel V1 to compact the solids and cause greater concentration of solids in the slurry discharge.
In the event that the slurry is too concentrated valve 70 is opened to cause the discharging slurry to be diluted to suite the process conditions. This can be pre-set or
( can be operated whilst slurry is discharging until the set point is reached.
Alternatively valve 70 may be automatic and opening set S by using a signal from a mass density meter installed in the slurry discharge line.

Claims (22)

( CLAIMS
1. A Fluidising apparatus comprising: 5 a flow chamber having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet; means for establishing a swirling flow in a fluid passing out of the fluid outlet; and 10 a transport outlet for transporting fluidised material away from the flow chamber, the transport outlet being situated externally of the flow chamber.
2. Fluidising apparatus as claimed in claim 1, in which 15 the transport outlet is situated close to the flow chamber.
3. Fluidising apparatus as claimed in claim l or 2, in which the transport outlet is situated on a central axis 20 of the flow chamber.
4. Fluidising apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the flow chamber is located with its central axis substantially vertical and the 25 transport outlet is situated directly above or directly below the flow chamber.
5. Fluidising apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the said means for 30 establishing a swirling flow comprises an offset fluid inlet with a central axis which does not intersect the central axis of the flow chamber.
6. Fluidising apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims in which the flow chamber comprises a housing and a flow guide, the flow guide being situated at least partially within the housing.
7. Fluidising apparatus as claimed in claim 6, in which the housing comprises a cap which fits over the flow guide. 10
S. Fluidising apparatus as claimed in claim 6 or 7, in which the flow guide is substantially helical.
9. Fluidising apparatus as claimed in claim 6 or 7, in which the flow guide is substantially tubular and has a 15 side wall in which is formed an opening.
10. Fluidising apparatus as claimed in claim 9, in which the opening extends through the side wall of the flow guide in a direction which is offset from a radial 20 direction of the flow chamber.
11. Fluidising apparatus as claimed in claim 10, In which the opening extends substantially tangentially through the side wall of the flow guide.
12. Fluidising apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 9 to 11 in which there are a plurality of openings formed through the flow guide.
30
13. Fluidising apparatus as claimed in claim 12, in which the openings are in the form of tangential slots.
14. Fluidising apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 13, in which the flow chamber is closed off at its outlet end by an end wall.
5
15. Fluidising apparatus as claimed in claim 14, in which the end wall is supported on the flow guide and extends radially outwardly beyond the side wall of the flow guide to form a flange.
10
l6. Fluidising apparatus as claimed in claim 15, in which the end wall is threaded onto the flow guide.
17. Fluidising apparatus as claimed in claim 16, in which the fluid outlet from the flow chamber is annular 15 and is delimited on one side by the flange.
18. Fluidising apparatus as claimed in claim 16 or 17, in which the flange is movable relative to the housing of the flow chamber along the central axis of the flow 20 chamber.
19. Fluidlsing apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 15 to 18, in which the flange can be moved into abutment -
with a bottom edge of the housing of the flow chamber, 25 thereby closing off the fluid outlet from the flow chamber.
20. Fluidising apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the portion of the flow 30 chamber which is adjacent to the transport outlet is profiled in order to encourage a stable fluid regime between the flow chamber and the transport outlet.
(
21. Fluidising apparatus as claimed in claim 20, in which the said portion is generally in the shape of a cone with a concave side wall.
5
22. Fluidising apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims for use in a container, the only outlets from the container comprising the transport outlet, and one or more other openings which are closed during operation of the fluidising apparatus.
GB0212728A 2002-05-31 2002-05-31 Fluidising apparatus Expired - Fee Related GB2389094B (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0212728A GB2389094B (en) 2002-05-31 2002-05-31 Fluidising apparatus
AT03756067T ATE323047T1 (en) 2002-05-31 2003-05-30 FLUIDIZER
US10/514,960 US8628276B2 (en) 2002-05-31 2003-05-30 Fluidising apparatus with swirl-generating means
BR0311521A BR0311521B1 (en) 2002-05-31 2003-05-30 FLUIDIFIER EQUIPMENT
PCT/GB2003/002370 WO2003101868A1 (en) 2002-05-31 2003-05-30 Fluidising apparatus
AU2003242837A AU2003242837B2 (en) 2002-05-31 2003-05-30 Fluidising apparatus
DE2003604581 DE60304581T2 (en) 2002-05-31 2003-05-30 fluidizing
EP03756067A EP1532064B1 (en) 2002-05-31 2003-05-30 Fluidising apparatus
CA 2487698 CA2487698C (en) 2002-05-31 2003-05-30 Fluidising apparatus
NO20045102A NO328186B1 (en) 2002-05-31 2004-11-23 Fluidizing apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0212728A GB2389094B (en) 2002-05-31 2002-05-31 Fluidising apparatus

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB0212728D0 GB0212728D0 (en) 2002-07-10
GB2389094A true GB2389094A (en) 2003-12-03
GB2389094B GB2389094B (en) 2006-02-01

Family

ID=9937884

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB0212728A Expired - Fee Related GB2389094B (en) 2002-05-31 2002-05-31 Fluidising apparatus

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US8628276B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1532064B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE323047T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003242837B2 (en)
BR (1) BR0311521B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2487698C (en)
DE (1) DE60304581T2 (en)
GB (1) GB2389094B (en)
NO (1) NO328186B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003101868A1 (en)

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GB2406293B (en) * 2003-09-29 2008-05-14 Dynamic Proc Solutions Plc Apparatus for enhancing solubility
GB2430166A (en) 2005-08-02 2007-03-21 Dps Fluidising apparatus
CA2769585C (en) * 2009-07-30 2017-12-19 Twister B.V. Tapered throttling valve
US9181044B1 (en) * 2012-02-14 2015-11-10 Horizon Systems, Inc. Mechanically controlled vacuum throttle for a continuous dense phase particulate material conveying system and method
CA2904783C (en) * 2014-11-04 2020-07-14 Cnh Industrial Canada, Ltd. Tank pressurization control for air carts
AT522142B1 (en) * 2019-04-26 2020-08-15 Nowe Gmbh Device for filling a container with bulk material, in particular sand

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EP1532064A1 (en) 2005-05-25
AU2003242837B2 (en) 2009-08-06
EP1532064B1 (en) 2006-04-12
CA2487698A1 (en) 2003-12-11
BR0311521A (en) 2005-02-22
DE60304581D1 (en) 2006-05-24
AU2003242837A1 (en) 2003-12-19
NO328186B1 (en) 2009-12-28
GB0212728D0 (en) 2002-07-10
GB2389094B (en) 2006-02-01
DE60304581T2 (en) 2007-02-22
WO2003101868A1 (en) 2003-12-11
BR0311521B1 (en) 2013-11-12
ATE323047T1 (en) 2006-04-15
NO20045102L (en) 2004-12-29
US20080044238A1 (en) 2008-02-21
CA2487698C (en) 2010-07-06

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