FR3052795A1 - MODULAR SYSTEM FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A WATER RETENTION BASIN ELEMENTS EARTH TERRACOTTA - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a modular system for the production of a water retention basin for regulating the flow of rainwater comprising at least one upper plate (1-200) intended to be maintained in a substantially horizontal plane, characterized in it comprises a plurality of modules (1 - 1a and 1b) (terracotta blocks (3) in horizontal rows of superimposed bricks intended to extend from the bottom of the basin (1 - 100) to the upper plate (1 - 200) to support the top plate when in use, away from the bottom of the pond.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a system for producing a stormwater retention pond for regulating the flow of rainwater. The invention will also find for application a method implemented in order to limit the risk of flooding and participate in relining the water tables.

BACKGROUND TECHNOLOGY

Retention ponds are structures that regulate the flow of rainwater through their temporary storage in a structure or material with a high vacuum index. These basins ensure the collection, storage and return of rainwater to the natural environment (either by infiltration or controlled flow discharge) or sanitation networks.

The principle of retention basins and storage of rainwater requires, in most cases, the presence of a water inlet pipe, a storage volume or tank, an overflow pipe to evacuate the surplus flow entering after filling the basin, a purge or adjustment allowing the delay of the emptying. Rainwater includes runoff during storms and roof runoff, for example, which must be legally withheld for a certain period of time and timedly released into the natural environment to limit the risk of flooding. and participate in relining groundwater.

Retention ponds have multiple uses and are used both privately and collectively. These basins can, for example, be used to drain runoff water from roads, buildings, shopping centers or agricultural land, support parking lots or green spaces, or constitute water reserves during fires. Their volume generally varies from 40 meters / cubic meter (m3) for private basins to several thousand meters / cubic for basins intended for thunderstorms or car parks. Their depth is generally between 1 and 3 m, with charge layer varying from 0.50 to 2 meters. The tightness of retention ponds can be ensured by a geo-membrane arranged all around the structure. The basins are typically surrounded by a geotextile and loaded with a layer of granular backfill before being coated (asphalt, coating, vegetal layer, etc.).

Various materials are used for the realization of such structures among which concrete, natural aggregates, metallic or synthetic (for example, the "SAUL" ultra-light cellular structures or the used tires known by the acronym "PNUR"). As regards the use of tires, they are generally used in the form of shreds or in whole.

Existing and known existing methods each have one or more disadvantages that the present invention solves. Tire-based materials, for example, can cause irreparable damage to the environment if relatively complex steps of cleaning and removal of the metals included in the tires are not properly performed. The reuse of used tires for the construction of civil engineering works, in the natural environment, raises the question of their impact on the environment. Phenolic compounds, oxides of iron, lead, copper, cadmium, manganese and zinc have been detected in the waters brought into contact with these materials, sometimes exceeding the thresholds of potability imposed by local regulations for zinc. Organic compounds, for which there is no regulatory threshold, have also been identified in several cases, to serve as a marker of pollution of the environment. In addition, the mechanisms leading to these pollutions are strongly dependent on the acidity of the medium and the characteristics of the tires (origin of the tires, size of the crushed products, for example). Thus, even if the reuse of used tires in geotechnical or civil engineering is generally not a problem, it appears that particular chemical contexts can lead to the rejection of compounds at unacceptable levels. Other known solutions rely on the use of pots formed of honeycomb structures which are stacked on top of each other to fill the excavated cavity. These honeycomb structures have the disadvantage of being difficult to transport because of their large size; said structures being in the form of parallelepiped bins. Such "SAUL" structures also have a generally high cost.

Thus, the present invention aims to solve all or at least some of the disadvantages of current techniques.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a modular system for producing a retention basin, comprising at least one upper plate intended to be maintained in a substantially horizontal plane. The modular system also includes a plurality of hollow extruded terracotta blocks, commonly referred to as hollow bricks, for extending horizontally in overlapping rows from a bottom of the pool to the top deck to support the top deck when in use. . All the terracotta blocks are spaced apart to form together volume able to support and maintain the upper plate at a distance from the bottom of the basin while leaving gaps between them to allow the diffusion and circulation of water. The invention also relates to a retention basin comprising an excavation formed in a field, a modular system according to the invention arranged so that the clay blocks are supported on a bottom of the excavation and support the upper plate in overlapping to form spaced rows.

Advantageously, the retention pond has at least one of, a parking lot, a roadway, a building and a green space on the upper plateau.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for producing a water retention basin from the modular system according to the invention characterized in that it comprises the following steps a laying step, in the background of an excavation, at least a first row of terracotta blocks and a second row of terracotta block intersecting and spaced overlap by cooperation of their stacking means so that each row supports the top row and so next, to form together a stack of blocks able to hold horizontally on the bottom of the basin. a step of covering said stack of earthenware blocks by an upper plate, positioned in a horizontal plane.

In addition, the present invention provides a modular system comprising hollow extruded terracotta blocks, thanks to an inseparable stack of the invention, allowing, particularly advantageously, a control of the flow of rainwater, due to the configuration blocks, while having a robustness capable of supporting the load of a roadway or a green space formed above the upper plate.

The present invention advantageously provides a variant and a simplification to existing methods. It proposes, in addition, a modular system for the realization of a retention basin which allows to temporize the evacuation of the rainwater, while presenting a facility of installation, a cost and which causes no damage for the 'environment.

In addition, the plates of the upper, lower and lateral system according to the invention form plates. It is then easy to stack them for storage or transport. The invention also offers a very large water storage capacity, relative to the volume of the cavity, and compared with known solutions based on a filling of the cavity with a pneumatic grind or stack of bins.

BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF THE FIGURES Other characteristics, objects and advantages of the present invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows, with reference to the appended drawings, given by way of nonlimiting examples, and in which:

FIG. 1/3 illustrates a sectional diagram of a retention basin equipped with a modular system according to a nonlimiting exemplary embodiment of the invention.

The retention basin comprises a water inlet pipe (1/3 - 91, an excavation (1/3 -92) configured to receive a volume of water intended to be temporarily stored, a pipe (1 / 3 - 93) for discharging the excess inflow after filling of the basin, a purge or nozzle (1/3 - 94) allowing the timing of the emptying, the excavation is preferably formed in a field. Tightness of the retention basin can be ensured by a geomembrane (1/3 - 95) arranged all around the excavation (1/3 - 92).

The basins are typically surrounded by a geotextile (1/3 -95) and loaded with a layer (1/3 -96) granular backfill before being coated (asphalt, coating, vegetal layer etc.) The modular system comprises a plurality of longitudinal (1/3 - 1a) and (1/3 - 1b) transverse clay block modules which extend horizontally from the bottom of the excavation (1/3 -92) on which Preferably, a lower plate (100) and superimposed to the upper plate 200. The plates (1 / 3-100) and (1 / 3-200) are advantageously arranged on the horizontal plane. FIG. 2/3 illustrates a schematic representation of an assembled and exploded perspective view of a modular system according to another nonlimiting exemplary embodiment of the invention.

FIGURE 3/3 Illustrates terracotta blocks, consisting of internal ribs and an extruded terracotta perimeter or other materials used to embody the invention. The accompanying drawings are given by way of example and are not limiting of the invention. These drawings are schematic representations and are not necessarily at the scale of the practical application,

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

It is specified that in the context of the present invention, the term "over", "overcomes", "overlap" or "underlying" or their equivalents do not necessarily mean "in contact with". Thus, for example, the deposition of a first element on a second element does not necessarily mean that these two elements are directly in contact with each other, but that means that the first element at least partially covers the second element. by being either directly in contact with it, or by being separated from it by another element.

Before going into detail of preferred embodiments of the invention with reference to the drawings in particular, other optional features of the invention, which can be implemented in combination in any combination or alternatively, are The invention consists of a modular system, integrated in an excavation having walls and in which the assembly formed of adjacent module blocks extending in the same plane forms a rectilinear row which extends from one wall to the other of the excavation.

Each clay block module of the same row is of equal and constant height sufficient to support the upper horizontal row and so on. Advantageously, the spaces left between the lengths of the elements allow and facilitate the diffusion of water during filling and emptying. Advantageously, the interleaving of a row of voids between each row of constituent elements makes it possible to increase the capacity of the vacuum index (porosity) and thus the retention capacity of the basin.

Advantageously, an additional space between certain rows of blocks allows the creation of a visitable hydro and video visitation channel. Advantageously, the inner chords of the blocks, placed vertically provide the compressive strength necessary for the invention.

Claims (4)

1 modular system for producing a water retention basin comprising at least one upper plate (200) intended to be maintained in the substantially horizontal plane, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of modules (1a) ( 1b) composed of extruded honeycombed terracotta block layers laid horizontally in rows spaced apart on the bottom of the basin to the upper plate (1/200) to support said upper plate1 / (200) when using the basin and in that at least some of the earthenware blocks among the plurality of modules, (1a and 1b) are spaced to allow passage and diffusion of water. Modular system according to the preceding claim wherein each row of clay terra blocks is intersected with the row directly above. Modular system according to any one of the preceding claims, integrated in an excavation having walls and in which the assembly formed of adjacent module blocks (1a and 1b) extending in the same plane forms a rectilinear row which extends from one wall to another of the excavation. 4 retention basin comprising an excavation formed in a field, a modular system according to any preceding claim arranged so that the first row of module blocks (1a and 1b) bears against a bottom of the excavation and supports the upper rows up to the top shelf. (1/200) 5 retention basin according to the preceding claim having at least one of a parking lot, a roadway and a green space made on the upper plate. (1/200) 6 Process for producing a retention basin from the modular system according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: A step of assembly in the bottom an excavation, at least a first row of horizontally placed module blocks (1a 1b) and a second row of module blocks laid horizontally and crosswise on the lower row and so on, and a step of covering said last row by an upper plate (1/200) positioned along the horizontal plane. Method according to the preceding claim, comprising a step of positioning said first and subsequent rows of modules, on a lower plate (1/100) having spaces between module blocks creating channels for the diffusion and circulation of water.