ES2868143T3 - Brush drawing device - Google Patents

Abstract

Brush drawing device with at least one drawing tool, which has several partial tools that perform back and forth movements in trajectories, a drive with a rotary motor (54) and a gear (56), which transforms the rotary movement of the rotary motor (54) in the back and forth movement of at least one partial tool and has a camshaft (80), where the camshaft (80) has at least one drive torque with two adjacent cams (82 to 100), where the two cams (82 to 100) extend along a radial plane (R) with respect to the axis of rotation (A) of the camshaft (80) and have a cam surface (102, 104 ) that forms the peripheral surface of the cam (82 to 100), where each cam surface (102, 104) extends radially outward, where a cam follower runs along each of the two cam surfaces ( 102, 104), characterized in that each cam surface (102, 104) has It also runs, at least in part, with an inclination obliquely with respect to the radial plane and the two cam followers of each drive pair are seated in a common rocker arm (114), the rocker arm axis of which lies between the radial planes (R) of the two cams (82 to 100), and where the rocker shaft forms an output shaft (60 to 68) and is coupled to an intermediate gear that transforms the output movement into the round trip movement.

Description

DESCRIPTION

Brush drawing device

The present invention relates to a brush drawing device with at least one drawing tool.

Brush drawing devices serve to insert one or more bristles or tufts of bristles into the associated openings of a bristle holder or magazine. In this regard, the brush drawing device can be made to operate with or without anchoring. In the case of a fixation through an anchor, this means that the bristle or tuft of bristles is bent into a U-shape and an anchor (a loop of wire or a type of knife) is attached to the center bar of the U and leads the folded bristle or tuft of bristles into the opening, with an incision in the wall of the opening to anchor the bristle or tuft of bristles in the opening.

The drawing tool for this drawing operation comprises a number of part tools that take care of the individual working steps. These partial tools for the individual working stages and their movements, whether it is the separation movement of a circular arc segment in a bristle loader, the movement to feed the anchor, the movement to form the wire loop, the movement of the called a bale beater, the movement of the tool displacer or the movement of the so-called tongue to insert the anchor, to name just a few, is derived from a rotary movement of one or more motor shafts. For this, cams and subsequent intermediate gears are usually provided. Hereinafter, the term "intermediate gear" includes, but is not limited to, coupling gears, levers, crank gears, cam gears, gear trains such as reduction gears, friction gears, gear gears. chain or belt gears, and roller gears, by which a rotational movement is transformed into a back and forth movement. Another option for individual part tool actuation is individual servo motors that replace the cams.

On cam drives, the cams are often exposed due to their size. The size of the cams is mainly determined by the lift travel. Due to this open design, there is a relatively higher noise output and easy contamination from loose bristles and dust. Lubrication of the cam surfaces is relatively problematic, as the oil would fly out due to high speeds. Due to the high moving masses, vibrations occur throughout the system, which must be controlled.

From document DE202015009043U1, which is the closest to the state of the art, a brush drawing device with cam drive is known.

Document DE 29716874U1 describes a brush drawing device with a cam drive acting on a lever.

Brush drawing devices with cam drives are also known from documents CN 202233784 U and CN 104510158 B.

The object of the invention is to provide a brush drawing device characterized by a high number of revolutions, a low noise level, little maintenance and a relatively small size. In addition, vibrations must be reduced.

This objective is solved by a brush drawing device with at least one drawing tool, which has several partial tools that perform back and forth movements in trajectories, a drive with a rotary motor and a gear, which transforms the rotary movement of the rotary motor in the back and forth movement of at least one partial tool, which transforms the rotary movement of the motor shaft into a back and forth movement and features a camshaft, where the camshaft has at least one torque of drive comprising two adjacent cams, where the two cams extend along a plane radial to the axis of rotation of the camshaft and have a cam surface that forms the peripheral surface of the cam, where each surface of the cam, on the one hand, it is radial outward and, on the other, it is inclined diagonally to the radial plane, where a cam follower runs along each of the two surfacesf Cam icies and the two cam followers are seated on a rocker whose rocker shaft lies between the radial planes of the two cams, where each cam follower causes a rotation of the rocker shaft in a direction of rotation associated with it, and where the rocker shaft forms an output shaft and is coupled to an intermediate gear that transforms the output shaft movement into reciprocal movement.

In the brush drawing device according to the invention, a particular type of gear is provided. The cams are designed similarly to the discs or rollers that extend radially towards the camshaft. However, the peripheral surfaces of these discs or rollers are oblique when viewed from the side. The cam followers ensure that the rocker is always accurately positioned, as preferably both cam followers are permanently supported by their associated cam surfaces. If the cam follower of one cam surface is radially further from the axis of rotation of the camshaft than the other cam follower, the former was responsible for the rotational movement in one direction of rotation, and then, as the cam continues to rotate, the radial distance of the portion of the respective cam surface adjacent to the cam follower from the axis of rotation changes again, so that the other cam follower moves outward, while the first cam follower it can go with its contact surface further inwards, so that the rotational movement of the rocker takes place in the opposite direction. Thanks to this structure, compact curves can be created that allow for large cam followers, so that large forces can be converted. Compression springs, common in cam drives, are therefore unnecessary. The smooth running of the gear has been significantly improved compared to previously used gears. Furthermore, the displaced masses are also rare. The geometry of the back and forth motion path can be made linear, segment-shaped, or in any other way.

Preferably, the cam followers are rollers mounted on the rocker. These rollers can have a relatively large diameter and can therefore withstand large forces.

The rollers must be located on the same central axis and, in particular, have the same diameter.

In particular, the imaginary axis of rotation of the rocker shaft runs in its own plane radial to the axis of rotation of the cam, that is, it does not intersect the radial plane but lies in the radial plane. This reduces the manufacturing effort of the cam surfaces.

The rocker shaft, or more precisely the output shaft formed by it, can be engaged in its two opposite end sections with its own intermediate gear, so that two outputs can be derived from one rocker. This provides additional means for deriving multiple motions from a compact center gear.

For example, the drawing device can be a multiple drawing device with two or more drawing tools for simultaneously drawing two or more brushes, where each of the two drawing tools is provided to process its own brush, so that produce two or more brushes simultaneously. In this way, the construction effort and cost are considerably reduced compared to previous brush drawing devices. A drive motor and gear provide at least twice the brush production.

In particular, on the camshaft there are several drive pairs, the output shafts of which drive other part tools. Thus, a camshaft can be used to drive a plurality or all of the tools and their partial tools provided in a drawing device.

In a double drawing device, all camshafts can be coupled to pairs of identical part tools to process two brushes simultaneously.

The at least one camshaft is preferably housed in a housing from which at least one end of the at least one output shaft protrudes, preferably both ends of the output shaft or shafts, to then be coupled to the intermediate gear outside the housing. .

The housing is preferably a closed housing, so that the gear is protected from dirt and can be fully lubricated. This also reduces maintenance. Also, the noise emission is lower.

The lubrication provided in the housing can be by splash, so that the surfaces of the cams work in an oil bath. In addition, an internal or external oil pump may be provided through which the oil is selectively pumped to the surfaces of the cams, or a built-in paddle wheel may be provided which conveys the oil from the sump to predetermined locations in the gear.

A drawing tab, a tool shifter, a bale beater, a loop former, and / or a bale separator, which are examples of partial tools, can each be actuated by a separate drive pair.

It should be noted that the two cams of a drive pair can also be stabilized relative to each other by an intermediate wall, in which case even the intermediate wall can be fused into the two cams so integrally that optionally even the two surfaces of the cams melt into the intermediate wall without any protrusion. In this case, the individual surfaces of the cam are defined by the raceway of the cam followers.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention appear from the following description and from the following drawings, to which reference is made. The drawings show:

- Figure 1 a main schematic view of a part of the stuffing device according to the invention, but without actuation;

- Figure 2 is a perspective side view of a variant of the brush drawing device according to the invention with drive and gear;

- Figure 3 is a schematic representation of the interior of the gear according to Figure 2;

- Figure 4 is an alternative embodiment of the gear according to Figure 3; and

Figures 5 a) to d) show schematically the steps carried out in a variant of the brush drawing device according to the invention.

Figure 1 shows a brush drawing device with a drawing tool 8 with several part tools. The stuffing device comprises a drum 10 with a plurality of bristle carrier holders 12, a bristle loader 14, a so-called bale catcher 16 as a partial tool, and a tongue 18 for stuffing as an additional partial tool. Furthermore, there is a feeding device 19 (also a partial tool) which is symbolically shown with an arrow for so-called anchors 20, for example, in the form of a wire loop or a metal plate (also called a blade).

The bristle carriers 12, for example, platelets with apertures that are part of the finished brush, or bristle carriers in the form of a complete brush body, as shown in Figure 1, are embedded in the embossing device of the brush. .

In the present example, drum 10 is designed as a rotary holding tool, in which a plurality of bristle carriers 12 are received in a carrier 26 rotatable about an axis 24, which are fed into and removed from carrier 26 at specific positions and tuck into a position.

During the drawing movement described below, the bristle holder moves on two axes moving the bristle holder 26 so that the opening to be drawn next is always in front of the next tuft of bristle to be inserted.

The bristle loader 14 comprises a bearing with bristles 28, which lie side by side, and which are mechanically prestressed. The bale catcher 16, which is rotatable about a vertical axis 30 and comprises a plate-shaped circular arc segment, moves along the loader 14 with the bristles 28 and picks up a bale by the bale catcher 16 which it has a notch 32 on its outer travel edge into which a tuft of bristles is pressed.

The stuffing tool itself comprises a movable displacer 34 (which is a partial tool) having a tip 36 that moves between a bale pick-up position and a stuffing position shown in Figure 1. This displacement is represented by the double arrow. The displacement can be along a linear axis or a circular arc segment.

In the drawn position, the tip 36 contacts or remains near the surface of the bristle holder 12. In the bale pick-up position, the tip 36 is at the dotted line 44. The stroke of the tip 36 is typically adapted to the length of the bristle material. In the case of toothbrushes, this travel would be up to 20 mm, and in the case of brooms, considerably more (for example, 100 mm).

In displacer 34 there is a groove-shaped guide along which tab 18 moves.

When the tab 18 is retracted (see arrow on the advance device 19), the anchor can be inserted in front of the forward end of the tab 18 through a lateral slot in the guide slot. Furthermore, a tuft of bristles is also fed, in such a way that, as is known from the state of the art, the tufts are bent and the anchor 20 comes to rest at the lower end of the tuft folded in a "U" shape. The tab 18 can then push the folded bristle tuft unit and the anchor 20 towards the tip 36 and finally push it into the corresponding opening. The different stages of work are carried out using so-called partial tools.

All movements are extremely fast back and forth movements that must be exactly coordinated with each other, sometimes at more than 1000 cycles per minute. This coordination of individual movements can be achieved by mechanical coupling of the individual moving parts, as described below.

Figure 2 shows the brush drawing device with drive. It is a multiple drawing device, in this case a double drawing device, in which an upper drawing tool 50 and a lower drawing tool 52 simultaneously draw a brush. The individual part tools can be identical for the upper and lower drawing tool 50, 52, resulting in two tool sets (for the upper and lower part, respectively). The parts already shown and described in relation to Figure 1 retain their reference signs. Some parts of Figure 1, which is intended to be a schematic summary, are no longer shown in Figure 2 for clarity. In particular, the parts of the drive are shown in Figure 2, but not in Figure 1.

The drive for all movements of the individual part tools, which are movable from side to side, comprises a rotary motor 54 as well as a gear 56 driven by it with an outer casing 58, which is closed.

A plurality of output shafts 60 to 68 exit from the outer casing 58, with their two opposite ends. The upper ends, which are marked with the reference signs in Figure 2, are provided to drive the numerous partial tools of the upper drawing tool 50 and the opposite lower ends of the output shafts 60 to 68 are provided to drive the partial tools of the lower drawing tool 52. The output shafts 60 to 68 perform a rotational movement, and not a circumferential rotational movement, but a rotational movement at angles <360 °, where they alternate clockwise. clockwise and counterclockwise, as will be explained later with reference to Figures 3 and 4.

Each output shaft 60 to 68 drives its own idler gear, in this case each in the form of a lever. This will be explained with reference to the output shaft 60. The output shaft 60 operates the lever with a first lever 70 and a second lever 72 rotatably attached thereto. The lever 72 is in turn coupled directly or indirectly to the reed 18. Thus, the output shaft 60 is responsible for the back and forth movement of the reed 18 and the corresponding lever transforms the constantly changing rotational movement of the output shaft 60 in a back and forth movement of the tab 18 substantially linear or even path-shaped.

The other part tools of the brush drawing device described below are also driven by their own corresponding output shafts 60 to 68.

For example, the output shaft 62 is responsible for the movement of the displacer 34. In this case, there is also a lever 76 that translates the rotational movement of the output shaft 64 into a reciprocal movement.

The output shaft 64 is responsible for the so-called bale beater 77. In Figure 2 the corresponding lever 78 is indicated. The bale beater 77 serves to eject too long a tuft of bristle from the tip 34, when the total travel of the tip 34 is so short that the tuft of bristles already inserted into the opening of the bristle holder 12 is still partially seated on the tip 34 in the retracted position.

Output shaft 66 is a drive for forming the anchor loops, as will be explained with reference to Figure 5.

The output shaft 68 is provided to move the bale catcher 16. If the output shaft 68 exactly coincides with the shaft 30, no gear or lever ratio is necessary.

In Figure 3, gear 56 is shown inside. The rotary motor 54 is coupled to a camshaft 80 from which all movements for the output shafts 60 to 68 start.

For each of the output shafts 60 to 68, separate drive cam pairs 82 to 100 are provided on the camshaft 80, extending in an associated radial plane R with respect to the axis of rotation A of the camshaft. 80. This does not mean, of course, that the cams are only infinitesimal in thickness, but rather that they are disc-shaped and extend outward along the radial plane, that is, they are not helical cams, but are oriented like discs. planes at right angles to axis A. Radial plane R is the plane of a cam 82 to 100, extending through it centrally with respect to the thickness of the cam.

Each cam 82 to 100 has a circumferential surface, hereinafter referred to as the cam surface 102, 104 (for clarity, only the cam surfaces 102, 104 are given reference numerals). The cam surfaces 102, 104 extend predominantly obliquely inclined with respect to the radial plane R, although there are also portions on the periphery that extend parallel to the axis A, which can be seen by the sections 106, 108 of the cams 94 , 96. However, these sections are only transition sections between sections of the cam surface that are inclined at an angle to the radial plane.

Typically, referring to Figure 3, the cam surface 102, 104 of each cam 82-100 has a left-sloping portion and a right-sloping rear portion, and between them corresponding transition portions parallel to the A-axis. to portions 106, 108.

Roller-shaped cam followers 110, 112 run on cam surfaces 102, 104 and are mounted on opposite side arms of a rocker 114. Rocker 114 has a rocker shaft with an imaginary central axis of rotation 116, which It lies between the radial R planes of a cam drive pair. The rocker shaft also forms the output shaft 60. The remaining output shafts 62 to 68 are correspondingly the rockers of the rocker arms 114 provided therein.

In Figure 3, it can be seen that on the rocker arms or, in other words, on the output shafts 60 to 68, support pieces 118 are placed to simplify and allow the mounting and support of the rollers 110 and 112 in them. The center axes M of the rollers 110, 112 of each pair of rollers of the corresponding rocker 114 coincide. As can be seen in Figure 3, the rollers 110, 112 also have identical diameters and bear simultaneously on the surfaces of the cams 102, 104 of their respective cams 82, 84.

That is, cam surfaces 102, 104 meet on a straight line G in each axial section through axis A. For some of these cam surface sections, these straight lines G are drawn in Figure 3. For greater Clearly, they have not been drawn for the other sections of the corresponding cam surfaces. This alignment of the cam surfaces 102, 104 and the cam surface sections allows the respective rocker 114 to be free of play while its rollers 110, 112 roll on the cam surfaces.

As the camshaft 80 rotates, the cams rotate with their sections spaced from axis A unevenly. In this regard, the cams are arranged and have such dimensions and eccentricities for each drive pair that the rollers 110, 112 are in permanent contact with the respective cam surface 102, 104.

The dimensions of the cams must also be such that the rocker 114 does not have to have its axis of rotation 116 at different distances from the axis A in order, on the one hand, not to be pushed out and, on the other, to be in permanent contact with the surfaces of the cams 102, 104 through the rollers 110, 112. In other words: The points of intersection of all the lines G of the circumference of the cams of a driving pair with a radial plane R 'in which encounters the axis of rotation 116 of the associated rocker 114, they form a circle.

By orienting the surfaces of the cams 102, 104 once to the left and in other sections to the right, the associated rocker 114 tilts once clockwise and once counterclockwise. The corresponding double arrows in Figure 3 illustrate this. This tilt of the rocker shaft in opposite tilt directions provides for the subsequent back and forth movement of the part tools attached to it. Thus, each cam surface 102, 104 is solely responsible for movement in a direction of rotation. The rollers 110, 112 run exclusively on the circumferential surfaces (surfaces of the cams) and not, for example, on the lateral surfaces of the cams, as may be the case with globe gears. These also have a helical cam shape, whereas in the invention the cam shape is disk or roller, with inclined peripheral surfaces.

The end sections of the rocker arms protruding from the casing 58 are the output shafts 60 through 68 which are shown in Figure 2. Output shafts 60 to 68 and thus rocker shafts simply rest on ball bearings or plain bearings in the wall of the housing.

Oil lubrication takes place in the casing 58, which is closed to the outside, either by means of a pump or through guide vanes, scrapers or the like.

The embodiment according to Figure 4 functionally corresponds to the embodiment according to Figure 3. Here, however, the two cams 82, 84 are integrally connected with an intermediate wall 120. The intermediate wall 120 continues the cam surfaces 102, 104 of the cams 82, 84 without protrusions, so that the impression of a single cam is created. However, the intermediate wall 120 has no functional significance for the output shaft. Thus, in other words, the cams 82, 84 are the sections of the "full" cam on which the rollers 110, 112 roll.

Although only one drive torque is shown in Figure 4, the corresponding drive torques can also be used for the remaining output shafts 62 through 68, or only for some of these drive torques. Figures 5 a) to d) show a non-limiting example of how the anchors 20 are fed and deformed, if they are wire loops. In Figure 5 a), the tab 18 is in the forward position. Next, the anchor 20, in this case in the form of a straight piece of wire, is inserted laterally by means of a reciprocal movement that can also be derived from the actuation. Reference sign 140 denotes a bending part, and reference sign 180 denotes a deformation bolt.

Next, the bending piece 140 is pushed forward in the direction of the arrow (this movement may or may not also result from the actuation). The anchor 20, in this case the piece of wire, bends into a U-shape due to the shape of the forward end of the flex piece 140 and the corresponding complementary shape of the deformation pin 180 (see Figure 5b). Tongue 18 is then retracted further under anchor 20 so that a scraper 130, symbolized by arrows in Figure 5 c), pushes anchor 20 down into the plane of the tongue so that, subsequently, during the forward stroke of the tab 18, the tab 18 may push the anchor 20 forward and fold and pull a bale 150 of a tuft of bristles. The movement of all these part tools can also be picked up by the drive.

The two individual drawing tools 50, 52 can be provided with identical or identical levers, so that the manufacture of the brush drawing device is greatly simplified. Furthermore, the device has an extremely compact design, as well as smooth operation.

Claims (12)

1. Brush drawing device with at least one drawing tool, which has several partial tools that perform back and forth movements in trajectories, a drive with a rotary motor (54) and a gear (56), which transforms the movement rotary of the rotary engine (54) in the back and forth movement of at least one partial tool and has a camshaft (80), where the camshaft (80) has at least one drive torque with two adjacent cams ( 82 to 100), where the two cams (82 to 100) extend along a radial plane (R) with respect to the axis of rotation (A) of the camshaft (80) and have a cam surface (102 , 104) that forms the peripheral surface of the cam (82 to 100), where each cam surface (102, 104) extends radially outward, where a cam follower runs along each of the two cam surfaces. cam (102, 104), characterized in that each cam surface (102, 104) It also runs, at least in part, with an inclination obliquely with respect to the radial plane and the two cam followers of each drive pair are seated on a common rocker arm (114), the rocker arm axis of which lies between the radial planes (R) of the two cams (82 to 100), and where the rocker shaft forms an output shaft (60 to 68) and is coupled to an intermediate gear that transforms the output movement into the round trip movement. Brush drawing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cam followers are rollers (110, 112) mounted on the rocker (114). 3. Brush drawing device according to claim 2, characterized in that said rollers (110,112) have the same central axis (M). Brush drawing device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the imaginary axis of rotation (116) of the rocker shaft lies in a radial plane (R ') with respect to the axis of rotation (A) of the shaft cams (80). Brush drawing device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive shaft formed by the rocker shaft has two opposite end sections, each one coupled to its own intermediate gear. Brush drawing device according to claim 5, characterized in that it is a multiple drawing device comprising at least two tools for simultaneously drawing at least two brushes, where each of the two intermediate gears is provided for the processing of a brush . Brush drawing device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that several cam drive pairs (82 to 100) are seated on the camshaft (80), the output shafts (60 to 68) of which drive other tools partial. Brush drawing device according to claims 6 and 7, characterized in that the ends of each output shaft are coupled to identical intermediate gears and to partial tools to form two identical tools respectively. Brush drawing device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one camshaft (80) is housed in a casing (58) from which at least one end of the output shaft (60 to 68) protrudes ). The brush drawing device according to claim 9, characterized in that lubrication is provided in the housing (58). Brush drawing device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the intermediate gear is mounted outside the housing (58). Brush drawing device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a drawing tab (18), a tool shifter, a bale beater, a loop former and / or a bale separator are actuated by their own cam drive torque (82 to 100).