Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
  • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
  • E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
  • E04G11/38—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings for plane ceilings of concrete
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
  • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
  • E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
  • E04G11/48—Supporting structures for shutterings or frames for floors or roofs
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
  • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
  • E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
  • E04G11/48—Supporting structures for shutterings or frames for floors or roofs
  • E04G11/486—Dropheads supporting the concrete after removal of the shuttering; Connecting means on beams specially adapted for dropheads
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
  • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
  • E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
  • E04G11/48—Supporting structures for shutterings or frames for floors or roofs
  • E04G11/50—Girders, beams, or the like as supporting members for forms

Definitions

• the invention relates to a horizontal beam for fixing at least one formwork panel and for fixing to at least one ceiling support for at least partial formwork of a concrete ceiling.
• the invention further relates to a device for at least partially formwork a concrete ceiling comprising at least one horizontal beam and two ceiling supports, wherein the horizontal beam can be fixed in a horizontal orientation between the ceiling supports.
• the invention further relates to a method for at least partially forming a concrete ceiling.
• the invention also relates to a method for at least partially removing the formwork from a concrete ceiling.
• formwork or ceiling formwork or concrete formwork or corresponding formwork systems are generally required to create a formwork surface or formwork mold to hold the liquid concrete, which can then harden in the shape defined by the formwork to form a ceiling of a building space.
• State-of-the-art technology includes, among other things, modular slab formwork which can be partially dismantled after a short drying or shuttering time, so that only certain formwork components or components of these formwork systems need to be left on site until the formwork has been largely completely removed or the concrete has hardened.
• Other formwork components can be assembled at a new location in the meantime, reducing the amount of material required and making more efficient use of available material resources. This principle is also known as early striking.
• a further advantage can be shortened drying or shuttering times due to better ventilation of the resulting concrete slab.
• the modular design also allows for a comparatively flexible design of the formwork or the concrete slab to be poured.
• the safety of the fitters is of particular importance when using formwork systems, as the assembly of the components of the ceiling formwork or formwork systems, which are sometimes arranged several meters above the ground, is associated with particular risks, such as the risk of falling and/or danger from falling parts.
• a further disadvantage can be the necessary use of special equipment, such as transfer vehicles such as those used in the DE 10 2021 131 957 A1 known, which must first be procured and then transported to the new location and stored in the meantime.
• a support device for a slab formwork system which has tiltable or pivoting support elements or support heads, which are arranged in particular at the upper end of the slab props or vertical props.
• space can be created for pivoting the slab formwork panels or formwork panels upwards during assembly or disassembly of the slab formwork system. This is intended to enable assembly and disassembly from below, i.e. without any risk of falling for the assemblers. Because the pivoting elements are attached to the slab prop, they remain at the site until the formwork is completely stripped and cannot be removed prematurely and, if necessary, assembled at a new site.
• the EP 3 438 365 A1 shows a ceiling formwork with permanent ceiling panels, which remain as a lower layer in the finished concrete ceiling.
• One side of the permanent ceiling panels or non-reusable ceiling panels is suspended from the ceiling props or vertical props for assembly with the corresponding ceiling formwork frames, and the other side is then swung up from below.
• the props for the other side of the ceiling panels are only positioned after the panels have been swung up.
• a similar application for reusable ceiling panels would have the disadvantage that the ceiling panels cannot be removed before the ceiling props, which are used for dismantling. Supporting the ceiling must remain in place until the formwork is completely removed, so that such a system is also not suitable for early striking.
• the two aforementioned solutions with state-of-the-art pivoting mechanisms do not include horizontal beams or girders.
• these can significantly increase the load-bearing capacity of the formwork system and prevent sagging of the formwork surface, making them particularly preferable for large formwork surfaces.
• Another particular advantage is the ability to position the floor props at greater intervals than previously possible, which advantageously increases freedom of movement on the construction site floor.
• the present invention is based on the object of creating a horizontal beam which is improved compared to the prior art and which ensures the highest possible safety for the fitters by means of assembly and/or disassembly options from below.
• the present invention is further based on the object of creating a device which is improved compared to the prior art and which ensures the highest possible safety for the fitters by means of assembly and/or disassembly options from below.
• the present invention is further based on the object of creating a method which is improved compared to the prior art and which ensures the highest possible safety for the fitters by assembling or formwork or scaffolding from below.
• the present invention is also based on the object of creating a method which is improved compared to the prior art and which ensures the highest possible safety for the fitters by dismantling or stripping or equipping from below.
• a latching hook movable between a locking position and an unlocking position is formed on at least one first end of the horizontal beam for securing to the ceiling support.
• the horizontal beam according to the invention can be integrated, in particular, into modular formwork systems, thus making the formwork flexible. Furthermore, the use of horizontal beams, in particular the horizontal beam according to the invention, contributes to achieving a comparatively large ground clearance by reducing the number of required floor props while simultaneously maintaining or improving the stability of the overall structure or formwork.
• a support head is preferably formed, to which the horizontal support can be secured.
• the horizontal support can engage, in particular with a notch and/or a projection or a lug on the locking hook, into a support receptacle of the ceiling prop or support head in order to secure the horizontal support.
• the horizontal support is supported or carried by two ceiling props at two opposite ends of the horizontal support, or is secured to these, preferably in an at least approximately horizontal position or orientation.
• two horizontal beams are generally required. These beams are arranged on two opposite sides of the formwork panel to support or hold the formwork panel in an at least approximately horizontal orientation.
• One of the two horizontal beams can also be a horizontal beam according to the prior art, without or with only some of the features according to the invention.
• the formwork of the concrete ceiling is implemented, in particular, via a plurality of formwork panels, horizontal beams, and floor supports.
• the preferably flat and preferably level upper surfaces of the formwork panels and horizontal beams, as well as the upper ends of the floor supports, can form a formwork surface or formwork mold for receiving the initially liquid concrete, allowing it to harden into a ceiling in the shape defined by the formwork.
• the horizontally arranged formwork panels and the horizontal beams are, in particular, at at least approximately the same height.
• the formwork in particular the connection of the formwork panels, the horizontal beams and/or the floor supports, both among themselves and between each other, is sealed in such a way that liquid concrete cannot essentially flow downwards out of the formwork.
• the locking hook projects beyond the first end of the horizontal support in the locking position and the projection of the locking hook is designed such that the locking hook can be or is able to be secured to the ceiling support.
• the locking hook In the unlocking position, it is preferably provided that the locking hook is arranged, preferably pivoted, in such a way that the projection of the locking hook beyond the first end of the horizontal support is less than in the locking position.
• the locking hook no longer projects beyond the first end of the locking hook.
• the locking hook can be fixed in the locking position with a fixing member, in particular a fixing wedge, in particular in order to fasten the horizontal beam to the ceiling support.
• a fixing element can be used for this purpose, which holds the locking hook in the locking position or prevents the locking hook from being moved, in particular pivoted, into the unlocking position.
• the design of the fixing element as a fixing wedge has proven particularly suitable for fixing the locking hook in the locking position.
• the fixing wedge preferably has a wedge shape at least along a portion of its longitudinal axis.
• the fixing wedge can also be designed without a wedge shape.
• the fixing wedge can also be an elongated fixing element, which is preferably moved along the longitudinal axis by a striking action on one of its ends. This can be used to move the fixing wedge into a position in which the fixing wedge fixes the locking hook, or into a position in which the fixing wedge does not fix the locking hook in the locking position.
• the locking hook can be pivoted in the unlocking position in order to release the locking hook from the ceiling support and/or to fix it to the ceiling support.
• the locking hook can be pivotable or tiltable, in particular, within an angular range suitable for disengaging the locking hook from the ceiling support, in particular from a support receptacle of the ceiling support.
• the locking hook can preferably be brought into engagement with the support receptacle of the ceiling support.
• the horizontal support has a locking hook axis about which the locking hook can be pivoted in order to adjust the locking hook between the locking position and the unlocking position.
• a movement from the locking position to the unlocking position occurs in such a way that a projection of the locking hook projecting beyond the first end of the horizontal support, which is intended for engagement with the ceiling support, in particular a support receptacle of the ceiling support, is pivoted upwards (when the horizontal support is used as intended).
• the fixing wedge is displaceable along its longitudinal axis and is arranged at least approximately orthogonally to the locking hook, wherein the fixing wedge has a first section which, in the locking position, engages in a recess of the locking hook in a form-fitting and/or force-fitting manner such that the locking hook is fixed in the locking position, and wherein the fixing wedge has a second section which engages in the recess of the locking hook but does not prevent a pivoting movement of the locking hook from the locking position into the unlocking position.
• the fixing wedge By moving the fixing wedge in one direction or the other along the longitudinal axis of the fixing wedge, the fixing of the locking hook can be released or established, so that the locking hook is fixed in the locking position or can be moved or brought into the unlocking position.
• the first section and the second section of the fixing wedge can in particular be sections along the longitudinal axis of the fixing wedge, wherein the first section is preferably arranged at one end of the fixing wedge and the second section is arranged at an opposite end of the fixing wedge.
• the first section and the second section can in particular each have a suitable cross-section.
• the locking hook In the locking position of the locking hook or when the fixing wedge fixes the locking hook in the locking position, the locking hook cannot be pivoted, in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fixing wedge.
• the first section engages in the recess in a form-fitting and/or force-fitting manner.
• the locking hook can be secured by the engagement of the The first section of a T-shaped cross-section locking wedge must be fixed in a corresponding T-shaped recess of the locking hook in the locking position. A certain amount of play may exist between the locking wedge and the recess of the locking hook without impairing functionality.
• a transition region can be provided between the first section and the second section, in which parts of the cross-section increase in a wedge shape toward the first section and decrease in size toward the second section.
• the fixing wedge fixes the locking hook in the locking position, in particular clamps it, and that the fixing wedge remains in its current position or position as far as possible without external influence.
• a stopper can be provided at each end of the fixing wedge, ensuring that the fixing wedge is secured to the horizontal beam regardless of its current position, preventing it from falling.
• the stops preferably serve as a fall-out protection.
• the locking wedge and the recess in the locking hook can be designed in a variety of ways such that a movement of the locking wedge along its longitudinal axis fixes the locking hook in the locked position or releases it again. It can be particularly advantageous if the recess of the locking hook has at least one undercut and the first section of the locking wedge has a correspondingly suitably designed projection that engages the undercut.
• the recess has a T-shape in cross-section, i.e. if the recess is T-shaped in cross-section.
• the first section of the fixing wedge has a correspondingly adapted T-shape or a T-shaped cross-section. It is preferably provided that the fixing of the locking hook in the locking position results from the horizontal extension of the T-shaped first section engaging in the horizontal section of the T-shaped recess.
• the horizontal section of the T-shaped cross-section of the first section thus represents the at least one projection which engages in the at least one undercut of the recess provided by the horizontal extension of the T-shaped recess.
• the second section of the locking wedge is designed such that it only has the vertical extension of the T-shaped cross-section of the first section of the locking wedge, but not its horizontal extension. This means that the second section of the locking wedge does not engage with any projection in the undercut of the recess, so that pivoting of the locking hook about the locking hook axis is not prevented by the positive engagement of a projection in the undercut of the recess.
• the first section of the fixing wedge can have a cross-section corresponding to a cross-section of a T-slot nut or a T-shaped slot nut.
• the recess can have a cross-section shape used for T-shaped slots.
• a locking hook or a fixed hook is formed at a second end of the horizontal support for attachment to a further ceiling support.
• the locking hook at the second end of the horizontal beam can have the same features as the locking hook at the first end according to the above description.
• the locking hook at the second end of the horizontal beam can be movable into a locking position and an unlocking position.
• the locking hook can preferably be fixed in the locking position with a fixing wedge.
• the locking hook is movable or pivotable or foldable, at least between the locking position and the unlocking position, whereas the immovable hook is rigid or stiff.
• the locking hook formed at the second end of the horizontal support preferably projects beyond the second end of the horizontal support in the locking position. In the unlocking position, the locking hook preferably does not project beyond the second end of the horizontal support.
• the feature that the locking hook projects beyond the end of the horizontal beam is understood to mean a projection beyond the end of the horizontal beam on which the locking hook is arranged.
• a locking hook can be formed at the first end and a second end of the horizontal support.
• a locking hook can be formed at the first end and a fixed hook at the second end of the horizontal support.
• At least one folding hook for securing the formwork panel is formed on at least one first longitudinal side of the horizontal support.
• the formwork panel that can be secured thereto can also be advantageously mounted and/or dismantled from below, in particular by allowing the formwork panel to pivot about a rotation axis that the formwork panel can form with a second horizontal beam.
• a lower region or an upper region of the folding hook can be hingedly connected to the horizontal support, preferably to the first longitudinal side of the horizontal support.
• the hinged hook is preferably connected to the horizontal beam in an articulated manner such that the hinged hook can be tilted or folded in the direction of the first longitudinal side of the horizontal beam, thereby creating space for the assembly and/or disassembly of the formwork panel, particularly in the vertical direction.
• the arrangement of the articulated connection, preferably formed by a pivot axis, at the lower region of the hinged hook can be particularly advantageous for actuating the hinged hook, particularly by pressure with a pressure component in the direction of the first longitudinal side or diagonally from below.
• the folding hook has a positive guide via which the folding hook is connected to the horizontal beam, in particular to the first longitudinal side of the horizontal beam.
• the positive guide can, preferably similar to a window lock, prevent the folding hook from unfolding beyond a certain angle, so that the positive guide, by means of a stop, in particular Carrying position is defined, i.e. folding out of the folding hook beyond the carrying position is prevented.
• the forced guide can preferably have one, particularly preferably two guide elements or guide rails which serve to guide the folding hook along a defined path when it is folded out.
• the guide rails can preferably each have a recess or groove, in particular an elongated hole, in which a bolt or pin of the folding hook is preferably movably fastened or guided.
• One end of the respective guide rail can be articulated to the horizontal support, while the other end of the respective guide rail interacts with one of the bolts or pins of the folding hook in such a way that the maximum angle by which the folding hook can be folded out is limited.
• the forced guide is preferably arranged or fixed in a region of the folding hook which is facing away from the articulated connection of the folding hook to the horizontal support.
• the formwork panel in particular one side or edge of the formwork panel, can be placed on the hinged hook, so that the formwork panel is held or supported on the hinged hook or the horizontal beam essentially by its weight.
• the formwork panel can also be hooked onto the hinged hook, for example, onto one or more projections or protrusions protruding from the upper side of the support surface.
• the support surface can also be designed without a projection.
• the folding hook may be designed and constructed so that, if no external pressure component acts on the folding hook, it can move independently from the shuttering position to the carrying position.
• the folding hook can move from the shuttering position to the carrying position by a spring force and/or by a preferably elastic restoring force.
• the projection of the folding hook over the first longitudinal side is less than in the carrying position and preferably also less than in the formwork setting position.
• the folding hook remains in the stripping position without external influence, wherein the folding hook is preferably fixed in a force-fitting and/or form-fitting manner to the first longitudinal side in the stripping position, in particular is clamped and/or locked.
• the stripping position is particularly well suited for dismantling and/or transporting the horizontal beam, in particular in contrast to the shuttering position, from which the folding hook preferably moves independently into the carrying position or the folded-out position.
• At least one folding hook and/or one immovable support hook is formed on a second longitudinal side of the horizontal beam for securing a further formwork panel.
• the folding hook is, in particular, a folding hook as described above.
• the projection of the folding hook on the second longitudinal side is analogous to the second longitudinal side of the horizontal beam.
• the folding hook is movable, tiltable, or foldable, whereas the immovable support hook is rigid.
• both folding hooks and support hooks are formed on a long side. It is not provided within the scope of the invention for support hooks to be formed on both long sides of the horizontal support. However, it can be provided that folding hooks are provided on both long sides of the horizontal support.
• a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is one in which only folding hooks are formed on the first long side and only immovable support hooks are formed on the second long side, wherein a plurality of horizontal supports is preferably arranged such that in each case one long side with folding hooks, in particular the first long side of a first horizontal support, is opposite a long side with immovable support hooks, in particular the second long side of a second horizontal support.
• the folding hooks and/or immovable support hooks formed on the second longitudinal side are each formed at the same longitudinal position with respect to a longitudinal axis of the horizontal support as the folding hooks formed on the first longitudinal side.
• the invention further relates to a device for at least partially forming a concrete ceiling, comprising at least one horizontal beam, a first ceiling support, and a second ceiling support, wherein the horizontal beam can be secured in a horizontal orientation between the ceiling supports.
• a locking hook movable between a locking position and an unlocking position is formed on at least one first end of the horizontal beam for securing it to the first ceiling support.
• the horizontal beam can preferably be a horizontal beam with one or more features according to the preceding description.
• at least two horizontal beams and four floor supports are provided.
• the floor supports can be designed as a single piece, one-piece, or multi-piece.
• the floor supports are preferably height-adjustable. Furthermore, it has proven advantageous if the floor supports extend from floor level to ceiling height, so that the floor supports are in direct contact with the ceiling after the concrete has been poured.
• a plurality of formwork panels can be provided, preferably just enough so that all the folding hooks of the horizontal beams can be covered with formwork panels and/or so that a continuous formwork surface can be formed with the formwork panels.
• the ceiling supports each have a support leg and a support head at the upper end of the support leg, wherein the support head has at least one support receptacle and a lowering wedge and the support receptacle can be lowered for disassembly by actuating the lowering wedge, and wherein the locking hook can be hooked onto the support receptacle of the first ceiling support.
• a second end of the horizontal beam can form the pivot axis with the support receptacle of the second ceiling support.
• a The end of the horizontal support is preferably provided with a locking hook or a fixed hook.
• the horizontal support is particularly pivotable upwards, which can be performed without prior lowering of the ceiling support.
• the horizontal support is particularly pivotable downwards.
• the horizontal support can be pivotable or rotatable within an angular range, preferably by approximately 90° from an at least approximately perpendicular or vertical position to an at least approximately horizontal or horizontal position. A smaller angular range may also be sufficient for intended use. An angular range greater than 90° is generally not necessary.
• the formwork surface or formwork shape defined by the formwork can be filled with liquid concrete, which can then harden in the shape specified by the formwork to form a ceiling.
• the formwork of a concrete slab can preferably be carried out using horizontal beams and/or a device having one or more features according to the previous description.
• the erection of the floor props in step (a) can preferably be carried out such that the floor props are arranged on a rectangular base area. Further preferably, it can be provided that the distance between the floor props on two opposite side lines of the base area corresponds at least approximately to the length of one of the horizontal beams, and the distance on the other two opposite side lines corresponds at least approximately to the length of one of the formwork panels.
• the length of the formwork panel is to be measured, in particular, perpendicular to the first longitudinal side of the horizontal beam.
• the horizontal beam can be swung up in step (c) using a pole or formwork aid.
• the horizontal support can be pivotable or rotatable within an angular range, preferably by approximately 90° from an at least approximately vertical position to an at least approximately horizontal position. A smaller angular range may also be sufficient for intended use. An angular range greater than 90° is generally not necessary.
• steps (a) to (d) may be repeated iteratively, for example, steps (a) to (d).
• Step (a) may also be repeated iteratively first, before steps (b) to (d) are subsequently repeated iteratively as a group.
• steps may be provided between any two consecutive steps of steps (a) to (d) of the method according to the invention. Furthermore, the steps may each comprise sub-steps.
• steps (a) to (d) are repeated iteratively until a total of at least four floor supports are erected and at least one first horizontal beam and one second horizontal beam are suspended, wherein the floor supports are each supported in pairs by one of the Horizontal beams are connected, and wherein the horizontal beams run parallel to each other in pairs at least approximately one length apart from the formwork panel.
• the following additional step can then preferably be provided: (e) Fixing the formwork panel between two of the parallel horizontal beams.
• Step (e) can then be repeated iteratively as required, in particular until the folding hooks or the support hooks on at least one long side of the two horizontal beams are completely covered with formwork panels.
• Individual steps and/or groups of steps of the process can be repeated iteratively until the ceiling to be cast or concreted is at least partially formworked.
• step (e) following step (d) comprises the following sub-steps: (e1) Placing a second side of the formwork panel on at least one folding hook on a longitudinal side of the second horizontal beam facing the first horizontal beam, wherein the folding hook is in a supporting position in which the folding hook forms an at least approximately horizontal support surface for the formwork panel, or placing a second side of the formwork panel on at least one immovable support hook of the second horizontal beam, such that in both of the variants the second horizontal beam and the formwork panel form an axis of rotation; (e2) Swinging up a first side of the formwork panel; (e3) Guiding the first side of the formwork panel from bottom to top along at least one folding hook on a first longitudinal side of the first horizontal beam, which runs parallel to the second horizontal beam at least approximately at a distance of the length of the formwork panel, wherein the folding hook is brought into a formwork position by pivoting the formwork panel upwards, in which
• step (e1) the second side of the formwork panel can be placed or fixed on at least one, preferably at least two, folding hooks.
• the longitudinal side of the second horizontal beam facing the first horizontal beam can in particular be a second longitudinal side of a horizontal beam according to the previous description.
• step (e2) The pivoting up of one of the formwork panels in step (e2) can be done with the help of a pole or formwork aid.
• the formwork panel can be pivotable or rotatable, in particular, within an angular range, preferably by approximately 90° from an at least approximately vertical position to an at least approximately horizontal position. A smaller angular range may also be sufficient for intended use. An angular range greater than 90° is generally not necessary.
• step (e3) by pivoting the formwork panel upwards, preferably all folding hooks of the first long side are brought into a formwork position.
• At least one folding hook, preferably all of them, on the first longitudinal side of the first horizontal beam can first be manually folded in or brought into a formwork erection position, and only then can a first side of the formwork panel be swung upwards.
• the first side can be guided unhindered from bottom to top along the folding hook, in particular without the folding hook being actuated by the formwork panel or brought into the formwork erection position by the formwork panel.
• the folding hooks can be held in the formwork erection position, for example, by a rod or formwork aid, while the formwork panel is swung upwards, or it can be provided that the folding hooks clamp or lock in the formwork erection position, so that the folding hooks are at least temporarily held in the formwork erection position, allowing the formwork panel to be swung upwards. It is conceivable It is also possible to move the folding hooks into the formwork position using a motor.
• the folding hooks can then be moved back into the supporting position by actuating them, for example, using a rod or the formwork aid, or by motor, for example by releasing a clamping or locking mechanism, or possibly also by a mechanism designed such that a locking mechanism is released by further pressing in the folding hook.
• actuating them for example, using a rod or the formwork aid, or by motor, for example by releasing a clamping or locking mechanism, or possibly also by a mechanism designed such that a locking mechanism is released by further pressing in the folding hook.
• the designation of the steps starting from (f) was chosen solely for the purpose of distinguishing them from steps (a) to (e) of the (first) method for at least partially erecting a concrete slab.
• the formwork can preferably be installed using the method according to the invention described above, but it can also be installed using a different method. Furthermore, the formwork is not dismantled or removed immediately after erection. Stripping is usually carried out after pouring a ceiling with liquid concrete and at least partially hardening the concrete in the shape specified by the formwork.
• the lowering of the horizontal beams in step (f) is accompanied by a lowering of the formwork panels attached to them.
• the horizontal beams are lowered together with the formwork panel(s) attached to the horizontal beam.
• the lowering wedges of the floor props to which the first horizontal beam and/or the second horizontal beam are attached are preferably actuated.
• Step (h), which includes the term "if necessary,” is an optional step.
• the supporting of the horizontal beam in step (h) and/or the pivoting down of the horizontal beam in step (k) can preferably be carried out with the aid of a pole or formwork aid.
• the support of the second end of the horizontal beam by the second ceiling support in step (k) can be effected in particular by engagement of an immovable hook or locking hook formed at the second end into a beam receptacle of the second ceiling support.
• step (g) or one of the steps (h) to (m) and step (n) i.e., before dismantling the floor props
• a break may be provided for further hardening of the possibly still partially damp concrete.
• steps (f) to (m) are carried out in the sense of early stripping, when the concrete floor has not yet achieved sufficient strength to be self-supporting. Therefore, initially only the formwork panels and, if applicable, the horizontal beams are removed. dismantled, whereas the floor supports are left in place until complete curing. Only then is step (n) carried out.
• the curing break can also be scheduled between step (g) and one of the steps (h) to (m).
• step (g) comprises the following sub-steps: (g1) if necessary, supporting at least a first side of the formwork panel; (g2) Folding in at least one folding hook on a first longitudinal side of the first horizontal beam on which the formwork panel rests with a first side, preferably into a stripping position with a reduced overhang of the folding hook over the first longitudinal side, wherein the folding hook is preferably designed such that the folding hook remains in the stripping position without external influence; (g3) Pivoting the first side of the formwork panel downwards, wherein a second side of the formwork panel continues to rest on at least one folding hook and/or an immovable support hook of the second horizontal support; (g4) Removing the second side of the formwork panel from the second horizontal beam.
• the first and second horizontal beams, or preferably all horizontal beams used in the method or device according to the invention, are preferably identically designed.
• the horizontal beams preferably each have an identically designed first longitudinal side with hinged hooks and an identically designed second longitudinal side with hinged hooks or fixed support hooks.
• the two ends at which the locking hooks or the fixed hooks are formed are preferably identically designed for all horizontal beams.
• the supporting of the formwork panel in step (g1) and/or the pivoting down of the formwork panel in step (g3) can preferably be carried out with the aid of a rod or formwork aid.
• the folding in of at least one folding hook provided in step (g2) preferably provides that all folding hooks provided on the first longitudinal side are folded in a To carry the formwork panel, they can be folded in, preferably into a dismantling position in which the folding hooks are preferably held at least temporarily in a force-fitting and/or form-fitting manner, preferably clamped, latched or locked, so that the formwork panel can be pivoted down, as provided in step (g3).
• one formwork panel is swung down at a time and only then are the folding hooks folded in or moved into the stripping position to swing down a second formwork panel, which may be attached to the same horizontal beam.
• This increases safety.
• the folding hooks carrying two, three or all formwork panels on the first long side of the first horizontal beam are first folded in or moved into the stripping position and then the formwork panels are swung down one after the other according to step (g3).
• this preferably requires several people or fitters to operate the formwork panels or that rods or formwork aids are provided to hold or secure the formwork panels in position after the folding hooks have been folded in, so that they do not swing down on their own.
• Formwork for pouring floors with liquid concrete typically includes horizontal beams 1 and formwork panels 2 at the approximate height of the planned concrete floor to form a formwork surface. This is typically supported by floor props 3, but can, under certain circumstances, also be supported, at least partially, by the side walls of the room for which the concrete floor is intended.
• the Figure 1 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of the horizontal beam 1 according to the invention for securing at least one formwork panel 2 and for securing to at least one ceiling support 3 for at least partial formwork of a concrete ceiling.
• a locking hook 4 for securing to the ceiling support 3 is formed on at least one first end 1a of the horizontal beam 1, wherein the locking hook 4 is movable between a locking position 5 and an unlocking position 6.
• the formwork panel 2 and the ceiling support 3 are in the Figure 1 Not shown.
• the locking position 5 and the unlocking position 6 please refer to the following description of the other figures.
• the Figures 3 and 4 each show a schematic view of an embodiment of the horizontal support 1 according to the invention on a ceiling support 3.
• the locking hook 4 is in particular in the locking position 5.
• the locking hook 4 can be fixed in the locking position 5 with a fixing member, which in the exemplary embodiment is preferably designed as a fixing wedge 7, in particular in order to fix or secure the horizontal support 1 to the ceiling support 3.
• the ceiling support 3 is in the Figure 4 shown in cross-section, so that the engagement of the locking hook 4 on the ceiling support 3 as well as the engagement of the fixing wedge 7 in the locking hook 4 is visible.
• the locking hook 4 can be fixed to a support receptacle 16 of the ceiling support 3.
• the locking hook 4 is preferably fixed with a receptacle, in particular a recess 4a or a notch or a nose on a complementary projection 16a of the support receptacle 16 of the ceiling support 3 or of the support head 15.
• the recess 4a with which the locking hook 4 can be fixed to the projection 16a or generally to the support receptacle 16 of the ceiling support 3, is preferably formed in a projection of the locking hook 4, which, when the locking hook 4 is in the locking position 5, projects beyond the first end 1a of the horizontal support 1.
• FIGS 5 and 6 are also shown schematic views of an embodiment of the horizontal beam 1 according to the invention on a ceiling support 3.
• the horizontal beam 1 is in the Figure 5 , relative to an upper end of the ceiling support 3 and unlike in the previous figures, lowered.
• the support holder 16 is in the Figure 5 compared to the representation in the Figures 3 and 4
• a lowering wedge 17 is provided for lowering, which is shown only in a very simplified manner.
• the carrier holder 16 or the support head 15 can be lowered in particular by sliding or be lowered by knocking out the lowering wedge 17.
• the locking hook 4 is located in the Figures 5 and 6 in the unlocking position 6 and is released from the ceiling support 3.
• the ceiling support 3 is in the Figure 6 , analogous to the Figure 4 , shown in cross-section.
• the locking hook 4 can in particular be pivotable in order to release the locking hook 4 from the ceiling support 3 and/or to secure it to the ceiling support 3.
• the exemplary embodiment shows an embodiment in which the latching hook 4 can pivot about a latching hook axis 4b of the horizontal support 1.
• the fixing member which in the exemplary embodiment is preferably designed as a fixing wedge 7, can fix the latching hook 4 in the locking position 5, so that the latching hook 4 cannot pivot about the latching hook axis 4b.
• the latching hook 4 can be moved from the locking position 5 into the unlocking position 6, preferably by a pivoting movement in which the projection of the latching hook 4 or the recess 4a is pivoted upwards.
• the locking hook 4 preferably no longer projects beyond the first end 1a of the horizontal beam 1. This is shown in the Figures 5 and 6 shown accordingly.
• the Figure 7 shows a schematic detailed view of the fixing member or fixing wedge 7 of an embodiment of the horizontal support 1 according to the invention. It can be advantageous if the fixing wedge 7 is displaceable along its longitudinal axis, as in the Figure 7 indicated by a double arrow, and is arranged at least approximately orthogonally to the locking hook 4.
• the fixing wedge 7 can have a first section 7a, which in the locking position 5 engages positively and/or non-positively in a recess 8 of the locking hook 4, for example in at least one undercut 8a of the recess 8, so that the locking hook 4 is fixed in the locking position 5.
• the recess 8 is in particular T-shaped, which in the Figures 4 and 6 is even more clearly visible.
• the first section 7a of the fixing wedge 7 has a cross-section with at least approximately the shape and size of the recess 8, in particular with at least one bulge 9, which engages in a form-fitting manner in the undercut 8a.
• the first section 7a of the fixing wedge 7 preferably has a T-shaped cross-section, the horizontal extension of the T-cross-section forming the bulges 9, which engage in the undercuts 8a of the recess 8.
• the fixing wedge 7 can have a second section 7b, which engages in the recess 8 of the locking hook 4, but has a pivoting movement of the locking hook 4 from the locking position 5 to the unlocking position 6 is not prevented.
• the cross section of the second section 7b does not have a bulge 9 or that the horizontal extension of the T-shaped cross section, which engages in the undercut 8a, is missing in the second section 7b compared to the first section 7a.
• the second section 7b thus only has the vertical extension of the T-shaped cross section of the first section 7a.
• the fixing wedge 7 fixes the locking hook 4 in the locking position 5 when the fixing wedge 7 is moved or pushed to the left so that the first section 7a is positioned in the recess 8 of the locking hook 4. This position corresponds to the view in the Figure 4 .
• the locking hook 4 In the locking position 5, the locking hook 4 cannot be pivoted, in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fixing wedge 7.
• the locking hook 4 can be moved or pivoted into the unlocking position 6 if the fixing wedge 7 is in the embodiment according to the Figure 7 is moved or pushed to the right so that the second section 7b is positioned in the recess 8 of the locking hook 4.
• the fixing wedge 7 can have a transition region between the first section 7a and the second section 7b, in which the bulge 9 of the second section 7a decreases in a wedge shape towards the second section 7b, which has no projection.
• the fixing wedge 7 can be displaced in the direction of its longitudinal axis in a simplified manner and can be clamped in the undercut 8a in the position in which the fixing wedge 7 fixes the locking hook 4.
• the fixing wedge 7 has a stop at each of its two ends, which prevents the fixing wedge 7 from being pushed through completely and thus falling down, or ensures that the fixing wedge 7 always remains at least loosely attached to the horizontal support 1.
• a locking hook 4 or a fixed hook for securing to a further (second) ceiling support 3 is formed at a second end 1b of the horizontal support 1.
• the locking hook 4 at the second end 1b of the horizontal support 1 can in particular be a locking hook 4 according to the previous description.
• the locking hook 4 at the second end 1b of the horizontal support 1 also has a corresponding fixing wedge 7 or generally a fixing member.
• the locking hook 4 at the second end 1b of the horizontal support 1 can preferably be secured to a support receptacle 16 of the (second) ceiling support 3, in particular with a recess 4a of the locking hook 4 on a projection 16a of the support receptacle 16.
• an immovable hook is provided on the second end 1b of the horizontal support 1, this is preferably designed to secure the second end 1b to a second support receptacle 25 of the (second) ceiling support 3.
• the second support receptacle 25 of the ceiling support 3 for use with the immovable hook is not identical to the (first) support receptacle 16 of the ceiling support 3 for use with the locking hook 4.
• the second support receptacle 25 itself is hook-shaped.
• the ceiling support 3 can thus preferably have two identical support receptacles 16, in particular for securing a respective latching hook 4, or a (first) support receptacle 16 for securing a latching hook 4 and a second support receptacle 25 for securing an immovable hook.
• At least one folding hook 10 for securing the formwork panel 2 can be formed on at least one first longitudinal side 1c of the horizontal beam 1. This is shown, for example, in the Figures 1 , 3 and 5 Furthermore, at least one folding hook 10 and/or one immovable support hook 11 can be formed on a second longitudinal side 1d of the horizontal support 1.
• the horizontal support 1 has a plurality of folding hooks 10 on a first longitudinal side 1c and a plurality of immovable support hooks 11 on the second longitudinal side 1d.
• the horizontal support 1 has immovable support hooks 11 on both long sides 1c, 1d. It can also be provided that the horizontal support 1 has folding hooks 10 on both long sides 1c, 1d.
• the folding hook 10 is adjustable at least into a carrying position 21 and into a shuttering position 24, wherein the folding hook 10 is positioned in the carrying position 21 when the horizontal beam 1 is used as intended, such that the formwork panel 2 can be fixed to the folding hook 10 in a horizontal orientation, and wherein a projection of the folding hook 10 over the first longitudinal side 1c in the shuttering position 24 is smaller than in the carrying position 21.
• Figure 8 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of the horizontal support 1 according to the invention during the assembly of the formwork panel 2. The arrow indicates how the formwork panel 2 can be pivoted upwards along the folding hook 10.
• an upper side of the folding hook 10 forms an at least approximately horizontal support surface 22 for the formwork panel 2.
• the resting of the formwork panel 2 on the folding hook 10 is shown, for example, in the Figures 3 and 5 shown.
• the hinged hook 10 can be adjusted to a stripping position.
• the projection of the hinged hook 10 beyond the first longitudinal side 1c is less than in the supporting position 21 and preferably also less than in the shuttering position 24.
• the Figure 9 shows a schematic view of a formwork system or formwork with an embodiment of the device according to the invention for at least partially formwork a concrete ceiling, wherein the arrangement of the formwork components shown can be continued analogously beyond the edge of the figure.
• the device has at least one horizontal beam 1, a first ceiling support 3, 12 and a second ceiling support 3, 13, wherein the horizontal beam 1 can be fixed in a horizontal orientation between the ceiling supports 3, 12, 13.
• At least one first end 1a of the horizontal beam 1 is formed with a locking hook 4 which can be moved between a locking position 5 and an unlocking position 6 for fixing to the first ceiling support 3, 12.
• the horizontal beam 1 can preferably be a horizontal beam 1 according to the Figures 1 to 8 and the above description.
• the locking hook 4 is in the Figure 9 not visible.
• more than one horizontal beam 1 and/or more than two ceiling supports 3, 12, 13 and, if necessary, additionally several formwork panels 2 can be provided, preferably exactly as many as are necessary to form a sufficiently large formwork surface for pouring the planned concrete ceiling.
• the ceiling props 3, 12, 13 each have a support leg 14 and a support head 15 at the upper end of the support leg 14, wherein the support head 15 has at least one support receptacle 16 and a lowering wedge 17.
• the support receptacle 16 can be lowered for disassembly by actuating the lowering wedge 17.
• the locking hook 4 can be hooked onto the support receptacle 16 of the first ceiling prop 3, 12.
• An advantageous embodiment of the support head 15 is the Figure 3 or 5 removable.
• the support receptacle 16 of the second ceiling support 3, 13 provides a pivot axis 18 (see Figure 10a ) around which the horizontal beam 1 can be pivoted.
• Figures 1 to 9 also serve to disclose a method for at least partially forming and removing formwork from a concrete slab.
• Figures 10a to 10e and the Figure 11 individual steps of the procedure in principle, as described in more detail below.
• Figures 10a to 10e The formwork is shown schematically and highly simplified from above in various steps or snapshots of the process.
• the Figure 10a represents step (c) in principle, whereby the one on the left side of the Figure 10a
• the horizontal beam 1, 19 shown is pivoted upwards (refer to the arrows), and the horizontal beam 1, 19 is still oriented at a downward angle.
• the pivoting upwards occurs particularly in the direction away from the plane of the drawing.
• step (d) or the state of the formwork after a single repetition of the method according to the invention is shown in principle.
• Steps (a) to (d) can be repeated iteratively within the framework of an extended process until a total of at least four floor props 3, 12, 13 are erected and at least one first horizontal beam 1, 19 and one second horizontal beam 1, 20 are suspended, wherein the floor props 3, 12, 13 are each connected in pairs by one of the horizontal beams 1, 19, 20, and wherein the horizontal beams 1, 19, 20 each extend in pairs parallel to one another at least approximately at a distance of one length of the formwork panel 2.
• the following additional step can preferably be provided: (e) Fixing the formwork panel 2 between two of the parallel horizontal beams 1, 19, 20.
• step (e) which is an intermediate stage of step (e), in which the formwork panel 2 is initially fixed with one side to one of the horizontal beams 1, 19, 20.
• step (e) may in particular comprise the following substeps: (e1) Placing a second side 2b of the formwork panel 2 on at least one folding hook 10 on a long side of the second horizontal beam 1, 20 facing the first horizontal beam 1, 19, wherein the folding hook 10 is in a supporting position 21 in which the folding hook 10 forms an at least approximately horizontal support surface 22 for the formwork panel 2, or placing a second side 2b of the formwork panel 2 on at least one immovable support hook 11 of the second horizontal beam 1, 20, such that in both variants the second horizontal beam 1, 20 and the formwork panel 2 form a rotation axis 23; (e2) Swiveling up a first side 2a of the formwork panel 2; (e3) Guiding the first side 2a of the formwork panel 2 from bottom to top along at least one folding hook 10 on a first longitudinal side 1c of the first horizontal support 1, 19, which runs parallel to the second horizontal support 1, 20 at least approximately at a distance of the length of the formwork panel 2, wherein the folding hook 10
• the Figure 10c in particular, it can be understood as a schematic representation of sub-step (e2), wherein the formwork panel 2 is pivoted upwards (for which reference is made to the arrow illustration), and wherein the formwork panel 2 is still oriented at a downward angle.
• the pivoting upwards occurs in particular in a direction away from the plane of the drawing.
• the Figure 10d represents the method for at least partially forming a concrete ceiling after completion of step (e), in one embodiment in particular of sub-step (e4). After this step, in particular after a single repetition of the extended method, a part or a section of the formwork can be completed.
• the Figure 10e finally shows a finished formwork after iterative repetition of the extended procedure for at least partially forming a concrete slab.
• FIG 11 Another schematic view of step (c), showing the partially assembled formwork being pivoted upwards (refer to the arrows) of horizontal beam 1.
• the pivoting upwards can also be performed using an optional formwork support.
• the slab can be poured using liquid concrete. To achieve minimum stability, the concrete must then at least partially harden. Only then can the formwork be removed.
• Figure 10c can also be understood as a representation of step (g) in the formwork removal, whereby the arrow, viewed in the opposite direction, indicates the dismantling of a formwork panel 2.
• step (g) may in particular comprise the following sub-steps: (g1) if necessary, supporting at least a first side 2a of the formwork panel 2; (g2) Folding in at least one folding hook 10 on a first longitudinal side 1c of the first horizontal beam 1, 19 on which the formwork panel 2 rests with a first side 2a, preferably into a stripping position with a reduced projection of the folding hook 10 beyond the first longitudinal side 1c, wherein the folding hook 10 is preferably designed such that the folding hook 10 remains in the stripping position without external influence; (g3) Pivoting down the first side 2a of the formwork panel 2, wherein a second side 2b of the formwork panel 2 continues to rest on at least one folding hook 10 and/or an immovable support hook 11 of the second horizontal support 1, 20; (g4) Removing the second side 2b of the formwork panel 2 from the second horizontal beam 1, 20.
• Figure 10a alternatively be seen as a representation of step (k) in the formwork removal, where the arrow, viewed in the opposite direction, indicates the downward pivoting of the first end 1a of the horizontal beam 1, 19, 20.
• the Figure 11 analogue.

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