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EP4565424A1 - Procédé de production d'une vitre composite - Google Patents

Procédé de production d'une vitre composite

Info

Publication number
EP4565424A1
EP4565424A1 EP23742336.3A EP23742336A EP4565424A1 EP 4565424 A1 EP4565424 A1 EP 4565424A1 EP 23742336 A EP23742336 A EP 23742336A EP 4565424 A1 EP4565424 A1 EP 4565424A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
adhesive
thermoplastic
stacking sequence
film
pane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23742336.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Nikolai BORCHMANN
Nino TINGS
Simon BREUER
Uwe Van Der Meulen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Sekurit France
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Glass France SAS, Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA filed Critical Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Publication of EP4565424A1 publication Critical patent/EP4565424A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10293—Edge features, e.g. inserts or holes
    • B32B17/10302—Edge sealing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10467—Variable transmission
    • B32B17/10495—Variable transmission optoelectronic, i.e. optical valve
    • B32B17/10504—Liquid crystal layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10697—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer being cross-linked
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10706—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer being photo-polymerized
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    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/1077—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polyurethane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10788—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing ethylene vinylacetate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10798—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing silicone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B17/10816—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing
    • B32B17/10871—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing in combination with particular heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B17/10899—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10935—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin as a preformed layer, e.g. formed by extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
    • B32B27/283—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polysiloxanes
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    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives

Definitions

  • the present invention lies in the technical field of pane production and relates to a method for producing a composite pane, a composite pane produced by the method according to the invention, and its use.
  • Composite panes usually consist of two individual panes, typically made of glass, which are firmly connected to one another via at least one thermoplastic intermediate layer.
  • Modern composite windows especially windshields of motor vehicles, can have complex curvatures in the horizontal and/or vertical directions in order to meet aerodynamic requirements and design specifications of the automobile manufacturers. They increasingly also include electrically controllable functional elements that display information for the driver and/or front passenger, serve as lighting devices and/or can change the optical transparency of the window, for example in the manner of a sun visor. In particular, the optical transparency of windows can be switched over a large area, for example in roof windows, rear side windows or separating windows. Electrically controllable functional elements in the form of electro-optical functional films are advantageously introduced into the composite pane.
  • electro-optical functional films with a functional layer based on liquid crystal which are based on the so-called “guest host” effect
  • electro-optical functional films with a liquid crystal-based functional layer which are based on the “guest host” effect
  • guest host films are referred to as “guest host films” for the sake of simplicity.
  • Guest-host films typically comprise a nematic liquid crystal (host) which is provided with an additive (guest), with dichroic dye molecules, for example, which absorb light anisotropically being used as an additive. Since the molecules of the additive have an elongated shape, their orientation can be controlled by the orientation of the molecules of the liquid crystal, ie host, which in practice is achieved by applying an electric field to the liquid crystal. In this way, for example, the optical transparency of the guest-host film can be controlled very precisely using an external electric field. For example, windshields can very advantageously be provided with an electrically switchable transparency in the manner of a sun visor. To date, guest-host films cannot be incorporated into composite panes using conventional, industrial lamination processes.
  • guest-host films cannot yet be integrated into the usual production processes for producing composite panes. In fact, this represents a major challenge in terms of simple and cost-effective industrial series production of composite panes with guest-host films.
  • guest-host films are very reactive due to their physical properties of being similar to a liquid sensitive to mechanical stress due to uneven contact pressure. Even the smallest local deviations in the contact pressure during lamination of the composite pane and in the laminated composite pane lead to the appearance of local optical defects in the guest-host films, which can make the composite pane unusable.
  • WO 2021/069354 A1 discloses a composite pane with an integrated functional film, with an adhesive thin layer (not in combination with a thermoplastic film) on one side of the functional film and thermoplastic films (not in combination with an adhesive thin layer) on the other side of the functional film. condition.
  • WO 2021/249801 A1 discloses a method for producing a composite pane with an integrated functional film, in which only thermoplastic films are used to avoid mechanical pressure loading on the functional film.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved method for producing a composite pane with an integrated guest-host film, through which the composite pane can be produced with high optical quality in industrial series production.
  • the method should be able to be used in existing production systems, which means that composite panes with integrated guest-host films can be produced easily, cost-effectively and reliably in large numbers.
  • a method for producing a composite pane, in particular a laminated glass pane, with an integrated electro-optical functional film is shown.
  • the electro-optical functional film is integrated into the composite pane, i.e. it is located between the two individual panes of the composite pane.
  • the process for producing a composite pane includes the following steps, which are carried out, for example, but not necessarily, in the order given according to the alphabetical designation:
  • Forming a first stacking sequence which comprises in this order: a first adhesive film made of an optically transparent, curable adhesive, an electro-optical functional film, a second adhesive film made of an optically transparent, curable adhesive.
  • Forming a second stacking sequence which comprises in this order: a first disk, at least a first thermoplastic film, the previously produced first stacking sequence with a layered frame, at least a second thermoplastic film, a second pane.
  • thermoplastic films are softened due to the increase in temperature, i.e. a reduction in the viscosity or an increase in the flowability of the thermoplastic occurs.
  • the thermoplastic can fuse and, after cooling, i.e. solidifying, form a firm connection with the adjacent components.
  • the composite pane is not yet firmly connected. The composite pane is only firmly connected after the hardenable adhesive has hardened.
  • the term “laminating” describes the heating and applying pressure to the second stacking sequence, as well as the cooling of the second stacking sequence until the thermoplastic layer solidifies.
  • the optically transparent, curable adhesive is designed such that the (absolute) viscosity of the curable adhesive (the first adhesive film and the second adhesive film) is reduced more than the (absolute) viscosity of the thermoplastic (the first thermoplastic film). , the second thermoplastic plastic film and the layered frame).
  • the curable adhesive becomes more flowable than the thermoplastic due to the increase in temperature during lamination.
  • a reduction in the viscosity of the thermoplastic and a reduction in the viscosity of the optically transparent, curable adhesive occurs, particularly preferably at least from a (minimum) level dependent on the materials used.
  • the viscosity of the optically transparent, curable adhesive is lower than the viscosity of the thermoplastic, ie the flowability of the optically transparent, curable adhesive is greater than the flowability of the thermoplastic. While increasing the temperature during lamination in step d), the viscosity of the optically transparent, curable adhesive can always be lower than the viscosity of the thermoplastic. However, it is also possible that while increasing the temperature during lamination in step d), the viscosity of the optically transparent, curable adhesive is only lower than the viscosity of the thermoplastic from a (minimum) temperature that depends on the materials used.
  • the viscosity increases again as the temperature increases as soon as crosslinking begins. In any case, in this case too there is a temperature range in which the viscosity of the optically transparent, curable adhesive is lower than the viscosity of the thermoplastic.
  • viscosity always refers to the absolute viscosity, so that a reduction in viscosity affects a reduction in the absolute viscosity.
  • viscosity describes the viscosity or flowability of a substance, whereby the lower the viscosity, the greater the flowability, and vice versa.
  • the dynamic viscosity can be considered as viscosity, typically measured in millipascal seconds (mPas).
  • the measurement of the viscosity can be carried out using measurement methods that are familiar to those skilled in the art, for example using a rotational rheometer, whereby it is only important that the same measurement method is used when measuring the viscosities of the thermoplastic and the optically transparent, curable adhesive.
  • a comparison of viscosities of the thermoplastic and the optically transparent, curable adhesive therefore refers to the same temperature (and the same pressure) and the same measuring method for measuring the viscosity, for example and preferably by means of a rotational rheometer, the structure and functioning of which will be apparent to the person skilled in the art is common, so it does not need to be discussed here.
  • the viscosity of the optically transparent, curable adhesive is lower than the viscosity of the thermoplastic, ie the flowability of the optically transparent, curable Adhesive is greater than the flowability of the thermoplastic.
  • the viscosities can each be determined separately, ie outside of the second stacking sequence.
  • Pressurization of the second stacking sequence during lamination in step d) only occurs when the viscosity of the optically transparent, curable adhesive of the two adhesive films has been reduced to such an extent by increasing the temperature that any local irregularities in the pressure load are caused by the optically transparent, curable adhesive can be recorded so that the electro-optical functional film is evenly pressurized. It is understood that the curable adhesive has not yet hardened when pressure is applied to the second stacking sequence in step d).
  • pressurization is generally understood to mean a pressure that is increased compared to ambient pressure and is applied to the second stacking sequence. It goes without saying that a very low pressurization, which is not effective for lamination, does not lead to any local optical effect in the electro-optical functional film.
  • pressure application can therefore reasonably also be understood as the application of a pressure effective for lamination to the second stacking sequence. In any case, when pressure is applied to the second stacking sequence, the viscosity of the optically transparent, curable adhesive must be so low that local non-uniformities in the pressure can be absorbed by the curable adhesive.
  • the second stacking sequence is advantageously pressurized during lamination in step d), in particular with a pressure effective for the lamination, in particular with a maximum pressure used during lamination, only if a reduced viscosity of the optically transparent material is achieved by heating during lamination in step d). curable adhesive is lower than a reduced viscosity of the thermoplastic due to heating during lamination in step d).
  • the present invention thus advantageously shows a new way of minimizing or even minimizing uneven contact pressure on the electro-optical functional film, in particular due to local shape deviations of the two panes during lamination is completely avoided.
  • the electro-optical functional film is not only laminated between two thermoplastic intermediate films, which generally cannot at least adequately absorb local load peaks due to an insufficient reduction in viscosity. Rather, the electro-optical functional film is embedded between two layers of an optically transparent, curable adhesive, which, when laminated, experience such a reduction in viscosity (increase in flowability) due to an increase in temperature that they can absorb an uneven load pressure on both sides of the electro-optical functional film.
  • the second stacking sequence is heated and pressurized, the lamination generally being carried out in a specific (selectable) temperature and pressure range, whereby a maximum temperature and a maximum pressure can always be specified depending on the selected process conditions.
  • pressurization in particular with a pressure effective for lamination, in particular with the maximum pressure of the second stacking sequence, only takes place when the optically transparent, curable adhesive has such a greatly reduced viscosity (which is particularly preferably lower than the viscosity of the thermoplastic) so that local non-uniformities acting on the electro-optical functional film can be absorbed in the print.
  • the optically transparent, curable adhesive is preferably cured by applying pressure to the second stacking sequence, that is, step d) for laminating the second stacking sequence under the influence of heat and pressure and step e) for curing the optically transparent adhesive are preferably not carried out one after the other, but at the same time executed.
  • the composite pane produced (obtained) in particular by the method according to the invention usually serves to separate an interior from an external environment.
  • the composite pane comprises a first pane with an outside and an inside and a second pane with an inside and an outside, which are firmly connected to one another.
  • the first pane can also be referred to as the outer pane and the second pane as the inner pane.
  • the surfaces or sides of the two individual panes are referred to as side I, side II, side III and side IV from the outside to the inside.
  • the first pane is the outer pane of the composite pane, the second pane is therefore its inner pane.
  • the outer pane faces the outside environment.
  • An electro-optical functional film is located between the two individual panes, i.e. it is integrated into the composite pane.
  • the films made of thermoplastic material soften during lamination due to the increase in temperature a first intermediate layer made of thermoplastic material being formed in the composite pane from the at least one first thermoplastic plastic film and a second intermediate layer made of thermoplastic material being formed from the at least one second thermoplastic plastic film.
  • a layered frame can be defined (at least mentally) around the electro-optical functional film.
  • the layered frame surrounds the electro-optical functional film completely all around without interruption, i.e. completely, in the manner of a pas-partout.
  • the frame is designed in the form of layers, i.e. it is a layer made of a thermoplastic material that surrounds the electro-optical functional film in the form of a frame.
  • the at least one first thermoplastic plastic film, the first stacking sequence with a layered frame and the at least one second thermoplastic plastic film preferably have the same dimensions, i.e. are the same size in terms of area.
  • the layers made of a thermoplastic and the layered frame made of a thermoplastic are each protected by at least one thermoplastic Plastic film provided.
  • the first stacking sequence is preferably inserted into a section of at least one thermoplastic film for the layered frame.
  • the layered frame made of a thermoplastic and the first stacking sequence have the same thickness, so that the first stacking sequence does not protrude in relation to the layered frame (in the direction perpendicular to the electro-optical functional film) and is not set back.
  • the second stacking sequence is generated from the first stacking sequence, i.e. the first stacking sequence is part of the second stacking sequence.
  • the second stacking sequence results from embedding the first stacking sequence in thermoplastic plastic films, with at least one thermoplastic plastic film being arranged on each side of the first stacking sequence.
  • a first disk and a second disk are arranged on both sides of the first stacking sequence, on the thermoplastic films.
  • the second stacking sequence is laminated by the action of heat and pressure, i.e. increasing temperature and applying pressure, whereby the optically transparent, curable adhesive liquefies more than the thermoplastic, so that at least from a certain (minimum) temperature, the viscosity of the optically transparent, curable Plastic is lower than the viscosity of the thermoplastic.
  • the optically transparent, curable adhesive of the two adhesive films is curable, i.e. can be irreversibly brought into a hardened state.
  • it is a plastic that is brought into a polymer-crosslinked state by curing.
  • This distinguishes the curable adhesive significantly from a thermoplastic, which is also optically transparent but can be reversibly softened by applying heat.
  • the curable adhesive can no longer be brought into a flowable state once it has hardened.
  • the optically transparent, curable adhesive is therefore not a thermoplastic.
  • the terms “curable adhesive” and “thermoplastic” are to be understood in this sense.
  • the curable, optically transparent adhesive can be cured by heat, exposure to electromagnetic radiation, preferably UV radiation, and/or chemically. Curing is preferably carried out by applying heat or increasing the temperature and/or UV radiation. Particularly preferably, the optically transparent, curable adhesive is cured by supplying heat, whereby the curable adhesive can be cured at or below a maximum temperature used when laminating the second stacking sequence in step d). However, it is also possible for the curable adhesive to harden above a maximum temperature used when laminating the second stacking sequence in step d).
  • the curable adhesive when laminating, the curable adhesive is first liquefied by heating (transition from the solid state of matter to the liquid state of matter) and hardened upon further heating (irreversible transition from the liquid state of matter to the solid state of matter).
  • the second stacking sequence is only pressurized when the curable adhesive has a sufficiently lower viscosity, which is particularly preferably lower than the viscosity of the thermoplastic, so that local pressure differences are absorbed during lamination can be.
  • the first stacking sequence is first formed, which is then arranged within the second stacking sequence.
  • the first stacking sequence is formed as an adhesive pre-composite, which can facilitate its embedding in the second stacking sequence. This can be achieved in a simple manner, for example, due to the adhesive nature of the two adhesive films. However, it is also possible that the first stacking sequence is not adhesively connected.
  • the second stacking sequence is evacuated before or during lamination, which has the advantage that air bubbles and other gaseous inclusions can be removed from the second stacking sequence.
  • the electro-optical functional film can in principle be designed in any way. Electrically switchable or controllable functional films are, for example, SPD (suspended particle device), PDLC (polymer dispersed liquid crystal), electrochromic or electroluminescent functional films and are known to those skilled in the art.
  • the functional film can also be a polymeric electrically conductive layer, for example containing at least one conjugated polymer or a polymer provided with conductive particles.
  • the functional film generally contains at least one carrier film with a functional layer.
  • the carrier film preferably contains a polymer, in particular polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyurethane (PU), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or combinations thereof.
  • the method according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously for guest-host films with a functional layer made of a liquid-crystalline material with an embedded additive.
  • guest-host slides As such are well known to those skilled in the art, so there is no need to go into them in more detail here.
  • Guest-host films are commercially available, for example under the term “Light Control Film”, for example from Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd., Japan, under the product name LCF005(EU).
  • the electro-optical functional film is preferably a guest-host film.
  • the curable, optically transparent (clear) adhesive can in principle be chosen arbitrarily, as long as it is flowable or liquid in the uncured state or can be made (e.g. by increasing the temperature) and is irreversibly curable.
  • the transparent adhesive is based on silicone, for example.
  • Optically transparent adhesives are known under the acronym OCA (Optically Clear Adhesive), with the acronym LOCA (liquid optically clear adhesive) being used in particular for liquid optically transparent adhesives.
  • Optically transparent adhesives are characterized by a high optical quality and are particularly common where a virtually invisible adhesive layer is required, for example on displays or touch panels.
  • Optically transparent adhesives are often used for touch-sensitive displays, for example to firmly connect them to an LCD display or to firmly connect plastic covers to the touch-sensitive displays. After application, the optically transparent adhesive is often cured by UV radiation. Optically transparent adhesives are freely available commercially from a variety of suppliers.
  • the optically transparent (clear), curable adhesive can contain or consist of, for example, polyurethane (PU), polyacrylate, polyacetate resin, casting resin, silicone or a copolymer or mixture thereof.
  • the optically transparent adhesive advantageously contains or consists of a casting resin, in particular based on polyurethane or silicone.
  • the optically transparent adhesive can be hardened by thermal curing (ie heat supply), by electromagnetic radiation, in particular UV radiation, IR radiation or microwave radiation, by ultrasound, by moisture supply or by a chemical reaction of various components (in particular 2 -component adhesive).
  • the time required for the optically transparent adhesive to cure can be influenced by temperature in many curing processes. In particular, hardening can be accelerated by applying heat. Conversely, curing can be slowed down by cooling. The curing time can therefore be controlled, for example, by heating or cooling the optically transparent adhesive.
  • Each individual pane of the composite pane preferably contains or consists of glass, particularly preferably flat glass, float glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda-lime glass, aluminosilicate glass, or clear plastics, preferably rigid clear plastics, in particular polyethylene, polypropylene , polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl chloride and / or mixtures thereof.
  • Each pane particularly preferably contains or consists of glass, in particular soda-lime glass. Suitable glasses are known, for example, from EP 0847965 B1.
  • each individual pane of the composite pane can vary widely and be adapted to the requirements of the individual case.
  • Discs with standard thicknesses of 1.0 mm to 25 mm and preferably 1.4 mm to 2.1 mm are preferably used.
  • the size of the discs can vary widely and depends on the use.
  • the composite pane can have any three-dimensional shape and can be planar or slightly or strongly curved in one or more directions of space.
  • the composite pane preferably has a curvature, since the method according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously with curved composite panes. It goes without saying that the two individual panes of the composite pane are curved in a correspondingly precisely fitting manner. As usual, however, the two individual panes do not usually have an exact (matching) fit before laminating, but are rather subject to shape inaccuracies within the scope of the dimensional or production tolerances.
  • the layers and the layered frame made of a thermoplastic contain or preferably consist of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and/or polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
  • the thermoplastic is formed by one or more thermoplastic films arranged one above the other, the thickness of a thermoplastic film preferably being from 0.25 mm to 1 mm, typically 0.38 mm or 0.76 mm.
  • the layers and the layered frame can consist of the same thermoplastic or different thermoplastics.
  • thermoplastics the information on viscosity or flowability given in the present description of the invention relates to each thermoplastic.
  • “transparent” means that the total transmission of the composite pane corresponds to the legal regulations in the European Union for windshields and front side windows and preferably has a transmittance for visible light of more than 70% and in particular of more than 75%.
  • “transparent” can also mean 10% to 70% light transmission. Accordingly, “opaque” means a light transmission of less than 15%, preferably less than 5%, in particular 0%.
  • Known processes for producing a composite pane can be used for lamination.
  • so-called autoclave processes can be carried out at an increased pressure of about 1 bar to 15 bar and temperatures of 100 ° C to 145 ° C for about 2 hours.
  • Known vacuum bag or vacuum ring processes work, for example, at around 200 mbar and 130 ° C to 145 ° C.
  • the two disks can also be pressed into a composite disk between at least one pair of rollers in a calender.
  • Systems of this type are known for producing composite panes and usually have at least one heating tunnel in front of a press shop. The temperature during the pressing process is, for example, from 40 °C to 150 °C. Combinations of calender and autoclave processes have proven particularly useful in practice.
  • vacuum laminators can be used. These consist of one or more heatable and evacuable chambers in which the first pane and the second pane can be laminated within, for example, about 60 minutes at reduced pressures of 0.01 mbar to 800 mbar and temperatures of 80 ° C to 170 ° C .
  • the invention further extends to a composite pane which is produced in particular by the method according to the invention.
  • the composite pane comprises, in this order, a first pane, at least a first intermediate layer made of a thermoplastic, a first adhesive layer made of an optically transparent, cured adhesive, an electro-optical functional film, a second adhesive layer made of an optically transparent, cured adhesive , wherein the first adhesive layer, the electro-optical functional film and the second adhesive layer are surrounded by a layered frame made of a thermoplastic, at least a second intermediate layer made of a thermoplastic and a second pane.
  • the invention extends to the use of the composite pane according to the invention on buildings or in means of transport for traffic on land, in the air or on water, in particular in motor vehicles, for example as a windshield, rear window, side windows and / or roof pane.
  • motor vehicles for example as a windshield, rear window, side windows and / or roof pane.
  • the use of the composite pane in motor vehicles is preferred, particularly preferably as a windshield or roof pane.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an intermediate product for producing a first stacking sequence with an electro-optical functional film
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a first stacking sequence with an electro-optical functional film
  • FIG. 3 shows a top view of the first stacking sequence of FIG. 2 with a layered frame
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the first stacking sequence of FIG. 3 with a layered frame
  • 5 is a cross-sectional view of a second stacking sequence with the first stacking sequence of FIGS. 3 and 4
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a flow chart to illustrate the method according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an intermediate product for forming a first stacking sequence 2 for use in the production of the composite pane 1 according to the invention in a simplified schematic representation.
  • a first adhesive film 4 made of an optically transparent, curable adhesive is arranged on one side or surface of an electro-optical functional film 9.
  • Figure 2 shows the first stacking sequence 2, in which, in addition to the first adhesive film 4, a second adhesive film 5 made of an optically transparent, curable adhesive is arranged on the other or opposite side or surface of the electro-optical functional film 9 .
  • the curable adhesive of the first adhesive film 4 and the curable adhesive of the second adhesive film 5 can be the same or different from each other, preferably they are the same.
  • the first stacking sequence 2 is produced as an adhesive pre-composite, which is easily possible since the two adhesive films 4, 5 here, for example, have an adhesive (sticky) property. This makes further processing of the first stacking sequence 2 easier.
  • the two adhesive films 4, 5 are, for example, each provided with cover films on both sides.
  • a cover film is first removed from the first adhesive film 4 and its sticky side is glued to the electro-optical functional film 9.
  • the first stacking sequence 2 produced as an adhesive pre-composite, then has a cover film on both surfaces, which makes it easy to store the first Stacking sequence 2 enabled. For further processing of the first stacking sequence 2, the cover films are removed.
  • the electro-optical functional film 5 is embedded between the two adhesive films 4, 5, so that the electro-optical functional film 5 is protected by the two adhesive films 4, 5 during lamination.
  • the electro-optical functional film 5 and the two adhesive films 4, 5 have the same dimensions, i.e. have the same area.
  • Figures 3 and 4 in which a layered frame 6 for the first stacking sequence of Figure 2 is illustrated.
  • Figure 3 shows a top view of the first stacking sequence 2
  • Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional view corresponding to the section line AA in Figure 3.
  • the first stacking sequence 2 is inserted into a cutout 7 of a thermoplastic frame film 8, which forms the layered frame 6 made of thermoplastic material for the first stacking sequence 2.
  • the electro-optical functional film 9 is inserted into the cutout 7, so that the remaining part of the frame film 8 completely surrounds the electro-optical functional film 9.
  • the cutout 7 is here, for example, in the middle of the frame film 8.
  • the thickness (i.e. dimension perpendicular to the first stacking sequence 2) of the frame 6 or the frame film 8 made of thermoplastic material and the thickness of the first stacking sequence 2 are the same, so that the first stacking sequence 2 does not protrude or set back in relation to the frame 6 made of thermoplastic material is.
  • Figure 5 shows a second stacking sequence 11 in a schematic cross-sectional view.
  • this includes the first stacking sequence 2 with the frame 6 made of thermoplastic material.
  • a first disk 3 is arranged with a first thermoplastic film 12 in between.
  • a second disk 10 is arranged with a second thermoplastic film 13 in between.
  • the second stack sequence 11 is laminated while increasing the temperature and applying pressure.
  • the temperature of the second stacking sequence 11 is increased without applying pressure, which results in the two adhesive films 4, 5 melting and liquefying from an optically transparent, curable adhesive.
  • the two thermoplastics also soften Plastic films 12, 13 due to the increase in temperature.
  • the second stacking sequence 11 is pressurized with further heating in order to laminate the two disks 3, 10, whereby the thermoplastic fuses.
  • the liquefied, optically transparent, curable adhesive protects the electro-optical functional film 9 from uneven pressure during lamination.
  • the second stacking sequence 11 is only pressurized when the viscosity of the optically transparent, curable adhesive of the two adhesive films 4, 5 is lower than the viscosity of the thermoplastic of the two thermoplastic films 12, 13. In other words, one Pressurization of the second stacking sequence 11 only occurs when the flowability of the optically transparent, curable adhesive of the two adhesive films 4, 5 is greater than the flowability of the thermoplastic of the two thermoplastic films 12, 13.
  • the two adhesive films 4, 5 are hardened, which here is done thermally, for example, for which purpose the second stacking sequence 11 is heated further beyond the maximum temperature used during laminating, although it is also possible for hardening takes place at the maximum temperature used during lamination.
  • the second stacking sequence 11 can be evacuated during lamination. After the curable adhesive has hardened, the composite pane 1 is firmly connected.
  • the composite pane 1 according to the invention which results after laminating the second stacking sequence 11 from Figure 5 and curing of the adhesive, is shown as an example.
  • it includes the first pane 3, a first intermediate layer 14 made of thermoplastic, the electro-optical functional film 9, which is surrounded by the layered frame 6 made of thermoplastic, a second intermediate layer 15 made of thermoplastic and the second pane 10.
  • the first intermediate layer 14 made of thermoplastic, the frame 6 made of thermoplastic and the second intermediate layer 15 made of thermoplastic are fused together.
  • the composite pane 1 can be installed in a building or motor vehicle and separates an interior from an external environment.
  • the composite pane 1 is the windshield of a motor vehicle.
  • the first disk 3 and the second disk 10 are each made of glass, preferably soda lime glass, and are transparent to visible light.
  • the thermoplastic used in the composite pane 1 preferably consists of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and / or polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
  • the outer surface of the first pane 3 faces the external environment and is at the same time the outer surface of the composite pane 1.
  • the inner surface of the second pane 10 faces the building or vehicle interior and is at the same time the inner surface of the composite pane 1.
  • the composite pane 1 may have any suitable geometric shape and/or curvature.
  • the composite pane 1 typically has a convex curvature.
  • the electro-optical functional film 9 integrated into the composite pane 1 is a guest-host film, as described above.
  • the first stacking sequence 2 was produced as an adhesive pre-composite. It would also be conceivable that the first stacking sequence 2 is not produced as an adhesive pre-composite.
  • the optically transparent, curable adhesive is designed in such a way that a reduction in viscosity occurs as a result of heating during lamination in step d), with the viscosity of the curable adhesive particularly preferably being reduced more than the viscosity of the thermoplastic, at least from a certain (minimum). -)Temperature the viscosity of the optically transparent, curable adhesive is lower than the viscosity of the thermoplastic.
  • the invention provides an improved method for producing a composite pane with an integrated electro-optical functional film.
  • An uneven pressurization of the electro-optical functional film between the two panes during lamination is avoided because the low-viscosity or liquefied adhesive on both sides of the electro-optical functional film compensates for uneven mechanical stress.
  • the method according to the invention can be easily implemented in the industrial series production of composite panes.
  • the composite panes with integrated electro-optical functional films can be produced easily, cost-effectively and with high optical quality.
  • thermoplastic plastic film 12 first thermoplastic plastic film 13 second thermoplastic plastic film

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de production d'une vitre composite (1) comprenant les étapes suivantes consistant à : • a) former une première séquence d'empilement (2) qui comprend, dans l'ordre suivant : • - un premier film adhésif (4) constitué d'un adhésif durcissable optiquement transparent, • - un film fonctionnel électro-optique (9) : et • - un second film adhésif (5) constitué d'un adhésif durcissable optiquement transparent, • b) former un cadre stratifié (6) constitué d'un matériau thermoplastique autour de la première séquence d'empilement (2), • c) former une seconde séquence d'empilement (11) qui comprend, dans l'ordre suivant : • - une première vitre (3), • - au moins un premier film thermoplastique (12), • - la première séquence d'empilement (2) avec des cadres stratifiés (6), • - au moins un second film thermoplastique (13), et • - une seconde vitre (10), • d) stratifier la seconde séquence d'empilement (11) sous l'effet de la chaleur et de la pression, et • e) durcir l'adhésif optiquement transparent.
EP23742336.3A 2022-08-01 2023-07-19 Procédé de production d'une vitre composite Pending EP4565424A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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EP22188022 2022-08-01
PCT/EP2023/069996 WO2024028109A1 (fr) 2022-08-01 2023-07-19 Procédé de production d'une vitre composite

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EP4565424A1 true EP4565424A1 (fr) 2025-06-11

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WO2025219168A1 (fr) 2024-04-15 2025-10-23 Saint-Gobain Sekurit France Procédé de production d'une vitre composite avec une partie d'insert fonctionnel

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2757151B1 (fr) 1996-12-12 1999-01-08 Saint Gobain Vitrage Vitrage comprenant un substrat muni d'un empilement de couches minces pour la protection solaire et/ou l'isolation thermique
EP4041545A1 (fr) 2019-10-10 2022-08-17 Saint-Gobain Glass France Procédé de fabrication d'une vitre composite dotée d'un élément fonctionnel
WO2021249801A1 (fr) 2020-06-10 2021-12-16 Saint-Gobain Glass France Procédé de stratification d'une vitre stratifiée comprenant un élément fonctionnel ayant propriétés optiques commutables électriquement

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