EP3955719A1 - Space-optimised ground processing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a ground processing device (10) comprising ground processing tools (12), in particular cultivator tines, wherein the ground processing device (10) has a frame (14) in order to arrange the ground processing tools (12) in multiple tool rows (16.1...16.4) over the frame surface, said tool rows being arranged successively in the working direction (A) and orientated transverse to the working direction (A), as well as a chassis (18) with at least one main wheel (20.1, 20.2) which is spaced apart from a central longitudinal axis (22) by a lateral wheel distance (dr) transverse to the working direction (A). The chassis (18) is arranged within the frame surface in such a way that, relative to the working direction (A), at least one ground processing tool (12) is arranged in front of and preferably behind the chassis (18), as well as to the left and right of the chassis (18). According to the invention, all ground processing tools (12) that are arranged in the tool row (16.1) lying furthest in front of the chassis (18) in the working direction (A) have a lateral tool distance (dw) from the central longitudinal axis (22) that is less than or equal to the lateral wheel distance (dr).

Description

Space-optimized soil cultivation device The present invention relates to a soil cultivation device with soil cultivation tools, in particular cultivator tines such as, for example, wing share cultivator tines, wherein the soil cultivation device has a frame to arrange the soil cultivation tools in several rows of tools that follow one another in the working direction and are oriented transversely to the working direction, and a chassis with at least one Flaup wheel, which is spaced transversely to the working direction by a lateral wheel spacing from a central longitudinal axis. The chassis is integrated, i.e. so arranged within the frame surface that with respect to the working direction in front of and preferably behind the chassis and left and right of the chassis at least one soil cultivation tool is arranged.

The present invention relates generally to a soil cultivating implement which can be pulled over the ground with a drawbar behind a tractor in order to work the ground. In particular, the soil cultivation device can be a cultivator, the invention described below also being applied to similar soil cultivation devices, i.e. Soil cultivation devices with a similar structure and / or similar arrangement of soil cultivation tools, for example plows, can be used. The soil cultivation device is carried by a height-adjustable chassis that can also be used to transport the soil cultivation device in a transport position over public paths and roads between different locations.

Mechanisms generally known for such tillage tools, for example traction amplifiers, in which the force or weight distribution between tractor and tillage device can be set or changed, folding mechanisms, by means of which a width of the tillage device is reduced to a value permissible for public roads or can be increased to a value that is efficient for soil cultivation, and additional tools such as leveling tools, rollers, harrows and the like can be particularly advantageous in connection with the present invention. The invention is therefore particularly suitable for such soil cultivation devices which have corresponding mechanisms.

From DE 2011 107 533 U1 and EP 2 589 282 A1 a tillage device with wing share cultivator tines is known, in which the individual cultivator tines are attached to a three-row frame and distributed over the frame area defined by the edge of this frame. The disadvantage of this soil cultivation device is its sweeping design, which results in particular from the chassis that is only arranged behind the frame. Among other things, this embodiment results in a combination of tractor and soil cultivation implement having a large turning circle, which leads to inefficiency when working, in particular when turning in the field.

There are other solutions for tillage implements in which the chassis is integrated into the frame to improve the maneuverability of the combination. However, these devices have the disadvantage, among other things, that the arrangement of the cultivator tines or other soil cultivation tools over the frame is not chosen in such a way that high-quality, uniform cultivation of the soil is possible.

On the one hand, the known soil cultivation devices with integrated chassis often have a considerable side pull, namely when the soil cultivation device is not designed symmetrically about the central longitudinal axis of the device, for example more soil cultivation tools on one side of the central longitudinal axis engage in the soil on the other side. This problem leads, among other things, to great difficulties in carrying out a clean follow-up journey in which the soil cultivation must take place as precisely as possible next to the previous soil cultivation. In order to avoid this disadvantage, there are framework concepts in which the tillage tools are arranged in four or more rows. On the other hand, however, this leads to the problem that the lateral distance between the soil cultivation tools in the last row is greater than in the case of a soil cultivation device with the same number of soil cultivation tools which are distributed over only three rows. The lateral distance between the tillage tools in the last row has a great influence on the uniformity of tillage. With a relatively large distance, a more complex leveling of the embankments between the tines resulting from the tillage is necessary.

Against this background, an object of the present invention is to provide a soil cultivation device with soil cultivation tools, in which the soil cultivation tools are arranged in such a way that a high degree of maneuverability, clean follow-up journeys and uniform soil cultivation are achieved. Another object of the invention is to achieve an optimal utilization of the installation space of the frame surface in order to be able to manufacture the device as compactly and efficiently as possible.

This object is achieved by the soil cultivation device according to claim 1. Advantageous further developments of the invention emerge from the subclaims.

A soil cultivation device of the above technical field with soil cultivation tools, in particular cultivator tines, has a frame in order to arrange the soil cultivation tools in several rows of tools that follow one another in the working direction and are oriented transversely to the working direction over a frame surface, and a chassis with at least one main wheel which is arranged across a lateral wheel spacing is spaced from a central longitudinal axis. The chassis is arranged within the frame surface in such a way that at least one in front of and preferably behind the chassis and on the left and right of the chassis with respect to the working direction Soil cultivation tool is arranged. According to the invention, it is characterized in that all tillage tools that are arranged in the row of tools furthest in the working direction in front of the chassis have a lateral tool distance from the central longitudinal axis that is less than or equal to the lateral wheel distance.

Because all tillage tools, which are arranged in the row of tools furthest in the working direction in front of the chassis, have a lateral tool distance from the central longitudinal axis that is less than or equal to the lateral wheel spacing, the soil tillage tools can move across the entire working width compared to the actual one extending frame are moved further forward without adversely affecting the maneuverability of the soil cultivation device. This also results in the possibility of integrating the chassis within the frame area. The tillage tools, which are otherwise at the point of the chassis with a uniform and symmetrical arrangement in each row, can be arranged in front of the foremost complete row and, provided they are arranged according to the invention, can be arranged without impairing maneuverability, uniformity or freedom from side pulls.

In other words, starting from a three-row frame, for example, with soil cultivation tools arranged symmetrically to the central longitudinal axis, similar to the arrangement from the above-mentioned DE 2011 107 533 U1 and EP 2 589 282 A1, one or more, for example three, soil cultivation tools are forwarded in the middle pulled the front row up to now in order to create space for the chassis in the middle and without having to readjust the distances between the other tillage tools at the same time.

In the present context, a main wheel or a plurality of main wheels is to be understood as meaning, in particular, the wheel or wheels in the In contrast to one or more support wheels, it continuously absorbs a greater weight force during use of the soil cultivation device or at least during transport or turning processes.

The above-mentioned wheel spacing is to be understood as the distance between an outer edge of the main wheel and the central longitudinal axis. The width of the main wheel in question is therefore included in the wheel spacing. Similarly, it applies to the tool distance in the present context that this means the distance between an outer edge of the tool in question and the central longitudinal axis.

The feature that all soil cultivation tools that are arranged in the row of tools furthest in the working direction in front of the chassis have a lateral tool spacing from the central longitudinal axis that is less than or equal to the lateral wheel spacing is fulfilled when all of the mentioned soil cultivation tools in a distance interval between the central longitudinal axis and the edge of the main wheel facing away from the central longitudinal axis or the (outermost) main wheels lie within the frame surface.

The arrangement according to the invention not only ensures that maneuverability of the device, freedom from side pulls when using the device and uniformity of processing are achieved. It also enables a high level of stability, since the foremost tillage tools are in the front area of a triangle between the outermost contact points of the chassis and the support point of the tillage device on a tractor or the like, for example the end of a drawbar of the tillage device, when viewed in the working direction. Thus, the chassis can guide the tillage in a stable manner.

The chassis preferably has two main wheels, each of which is spaced apart from the central longitudinal axis by the same lateral wheel spacing. Divided by two Main wheels, the stability of the soil cultivation device can be increased around the longitudinal axis without making a particularly wide main wheel necessary.

Advantageously, all of the soil cultivation tools arranged in the rearmost row of tools in the working direction are equally spaced from their laterally adjacent soil cultivation tools of the same tool row, namely by one line spacing. This arrangement of the last soil cultivation tools enables a uniform working pattern which, depending on the spacing of the last soil cultivation tools from one another, does not have to be leveled any more or at least not unevenly. To level the processing pattern left behind by the soil working tools, leveling tools can be used behind the soil working tools in a manner known in principle. Rollers, disc tools, guide plates and / or harrows, for example, are suitable for this.

The row of tools furthest in the working direction in front of the chassis is also preferably a row of tools that extends over less than half of a working width of the soil cultivation device, the soil cultivation tools of the soil cultivation device in addition to the foremost row of tools in a number R, preferably between two and four. particularly preferably three main rows of tools extending essentially over the entire working width of the soil cultivation device are arranged. In the case of three main tool rows, each of the soil cultivation tools of the middle of the three main tool rows is offset inwardly to the central longitudinal axis compared to one of the soil cultivation tools of the rearmost of the three main tool rows by a third of the line distance between adjacent soil cultivation tools of the rearmost of the three main tool rows (line distance of the rearmost of the three main tool rows) . Furthermore, with respect to the working direction, the chassis is arranged in a region of the middle of the three main rows of tools and each of the tillage tools is the foremost of the three The main tool rows apart from the two soil cultivation tools of the foremost of the three main tool rows, which are closest to the central longitudinal axis, is offset inwards to the central longitudinal axis by one third of the line spacing between adjacent soil cultivation tools of the rearmost of the three main tool rows compared to one of the soil cultivation tools in the middle of the three main tool rows.

More generally, in the case of R main tool rows, each of the soil cultivation tools of a main tool row in the working direction is in front of the rearmost main tool row, whose lateral tool spacing from the central longitudinal axis is greater than the lateral wheel spacing, compared to one of the soil tillage tools of the R main tool rows immediately following in the working direction at the rear 1 / R times the line spacing offset inwards to the central longitudinal axis. In relation to the working direction, the chassis is arranged in an area of a main tool row in front of the rearmost main tool row.

Illustratively, the tools of the foremost partial tool row have been removed from the tool row in which the chassis is now located, for example the middle tool row, and have been arranged in front of the front main tool row. In other words, starting from an arrangement in R, e.g. three rows extending over the working width rearranged so that now R + 1, e.g. there are four rows of tillage tools, but of which the front row, i.e. the tillage tools, which are arranged in the row of tools furthest in the working direction in front of the chassis, are only distributed over a central part of the working width in order to improve the maneuverability and also the uniformity of the working of the R-row, e.g. three-row, tillage implement.

The two cultivation tools closest to the central longitudinal axis are the foremost of the three main tool rows Preferably offset from one of the main wheels by a third of the line distance between adjacent tillage tools of the rearmost of the three main tool rows inward to the central longitudinal axis, especially if the main wheels have essentially the same lateral wheel distance to the central longitudinal axis as the lateral tool distance of the outer tools of the foremost (partial) tool row to have.

This arrangement of the soil cultivation tools in the soil cultivation device has proven to be particularly suitable. The offset of the tillage tools in front of a certain main tool row inwards to the central longitudinal axis ensures that the working width of the respective main tool rows tends to decrease from back to front, which contributes to the stability of the soil tillage device. Furthermore, the amount of offset achieves a uniform spacing of the individual soil cultivation tools in the soil cultivation device.

In this embodiment (but not only in this embodiment), the working width of the soil cultivation device is defined by the rearmost row of tools; the main rows of tools further to the front are tapered in relation to the rearmost row of tools by 1 / R of the mutual distance between the tools in the rearmost row of tools each side of the central longitudinal axis, in particular in the case of three main tool rows, the middle and front main tool rows taper in relation to the rearmost tool row by 1/3 of the mutual distance between the tools in the rearmost tool row on each side of the central longitudinal axis. In this respect, the expression that the main tool rows "essentially" extend over the entire working width is to be understood as meaning that a main tool row also extends essentially over the entire working width if it does not go further than the simple lateral distance between adjacent tillage tools in the last main tool row (the line spacing) is behind the last main tool row inwards. To define a main tool line, it should also be noted that one tillage tool differs from another

Soil cultivation tools of a tool row is offset in the working direction by up to half a distance between successive main tool rows, is still considered to belong to this tool row.

Advantageously, in the working direction behind the main wheel or wheels, at least one tillage tool is arranged in essentially the same lateral position relative to the central longitudinal axis of the tillage device, so that the soil compressed by the main wheel or wheels is worked, in particular loosened, by the soil tillage tool in question , can be.

In a preferred embodiment, the same number of soil cultivation tools are arranged on both sides outside the central longitudinal axis. This means that, for example, in the case of an uneven number of tillage tools per row, tillage tools also centrally, i.e. can be arranged on the central longitudinal axis. In this way, it can be achieved that the soil cultivation device does not pull sideways.

With regard to the working direction, at least one front support wheel is preferably arranged to the left and right of the row of tools furthest in front of the chassis and in the same position as this row of tools along the working direction, so that the

Soil cultivation tools of this line of tools are flanked by the front support wheels.

Alternatively and additionally it is preferred that left and right with respect to the working direction next to a row of tools further back, in particular the penultimate row of tools, each at least one rear support wheel is arranged so that the soil cultivation tools of this row of tools are flanked by the rear support wheels, with a soil cultivation tool preferably being arranged in the working direction behind the at least one rear support wheel, which is especially arranged in the last row of tools .

The support wheels increase the stability of the soil cultivation implement and the depth control of the soil cultivation tools can be carried out next to the chassis, i.e. the main wheels, also with the help of the support wheels. If one or more support wheels are arranged behind the main wheel, it is possible to compensate for a negative support load during work. For this purpose, it is preferred that the support wheel or wheels is or are arranged approximately 30 cm behind the main wheel or wheels. This distance enables this effect to be achieved without having to exert particularly large forces through the support wheel or wheels if the lever arm between the support wheel and the main wheel is small, and without having to give up the advantage of a compact design if the lever arm between the support wheel and the main wheel is large becomes.

In this embodiment, a soil cultivation tool is preferably provided in addition to the lateral support wheel in such a way that the soil cultivation tool is arranged in the working direction behind a front edge of the support wheel. This prevents soil from being conveyed in front of the support wheel. Furthermore, it is preferred that at least one soil cultivation tool is arranged in alignment behind the support wheel in the working direction in order to process a tire track of the support wheel and thus achieve a more uniform processing pattern.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, some, in particular eight, soil cultivation tools are arranged on a central frame segment and form two or more, in particular three, soil cultivation tools that are furthest in the working direction in front of the Tool row lying on the chassis. Furthermore, a plurality, in particular at least ten, soil cultivation tools are preferably arranged on a left lateral frame segment and a right lateral frame segment, so that the soil cultivation device in particular has at least 28 soil cultivation tools. The side frame segments are preferably each foldable with respect to the middle frame segment about a folding axis, which preferably runs parallel to the working direction, in order to switch the soil cultivation device between a working position and a transport position, and the chassis is preferably arranged on the middle frame segment and support wheels are optionally arranged on the side frame segments. At the same time, the side parts are adapted to maintain the working depth transversely to the main working direction on uneven terrain / ground surface.

This distribution of the tillage tools over the frame surface has proven to be particularly suitable, in particular, for those tillage implements that have a working width of nine to twelve meters. This preferred number and distribution of tillage tools leads to a uniform and efficient tillage because the tillage device can be designed symmetrically, very agile and compact and nevertheless equipped with a large working width.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the tillage tools are cultivator tines, in particular wing share cultivator tines and goosefoot share cultivator tines. The soil cultivation device furthermore preferably has additional tools which are arranged in front of the cultivator tines in a plurality of additional tool rows that follow one another in the working direction and are oriented transversely to the working direction. The additional tools can preferably be six-disc discs, flea discs, cross-cutters, rollers, clearing shares or clearing stars, leveling tools or cross-boards. A rearmost row of additional tools is essentially arranged in relation to the working direction to the left and right of the row of tools furthest in the working direction in front of the chassis and in the same position as this row of tools along the working direction, with a middle row of additional tools preferably being arranged in front of the rearmost row of tools in the working direction and wherein a foremost additional tool row is arranged in front of the rearmost and preferably in front of the middle row of additional tools in the working direction. All additional tools that are arranged in the foremost additional tool row have a lateral additional tool spacing from the central longitudinal axis that is less than or equal to the lateral wheel spacing.

This preferred embodiment can therefore be described in such a way that in the working direction in front of the tillage device described up to now the row of tools which is furthest in the working direction in front of the chassis is filled outwards up to the full working width of the tillage device by additional tools, in front of the row filled in this way a further row of additional tools and tools in front of it a further row of additional tools is arranged, which, for example, can be just as wide as the row of tools lying furthest in the working direction in front of the chassis.

With this configuration of the soil cultivation device, the advantages of the invention can also be extended to those soil cultivation devices that have cultivator tines and additional tools and should be designed so that both the cultivator tines and the additional tools are each compact and agile, without side pulls and arranged uniformly.

It is preferred here that the additional tools of the rearmost row of discs that are closest to the central longitudinal axis are arranged in alignment in front of the flaup wheels of the chassis in the working direction. This refinement means that earth thrown up by the additional tools reaches the flaup wheels of the chassis and is compacted by them, which overall is a The result is more uniform soil cultivation, because the main wheels otherwise compact the soil that is formed without additional soil and can thus lead to ruts without alternative or additional countermeasures.

It is also preferred that at least one support wheel is arranged to the left and right of the foremost additional tool row with respect to the working direction and in the same position as this additional tool row along the working direction, so that the additional tools of this additional tool row are flanked by the support wheels. As a result, the same effects as above for the support wheels flanking the soil cultivation tools, for example the cultivator tines, are achieved with regard to the additional tools.

In a preferred embodiment, the additional tools are arranged obliquely and preferably hollow disks, through which a throwing direction is defined in each case, the throwing direction of the additional tools of the rearmost additional tool row pointing to the central longitudinal axis, the throwing direction of the additional tools of the additional tool rows arranged one behind the other pointing alternately away from the central longitudinal axis and towards the central longitudinal axis .

This configuration and arrangement of the additional tools enables the most uniform and, at the same time, efficient soil cultivation to be achieved by the additional tools. The accumulation of earth in the middle or at the edges of the working width, which is often problematic in the prior art, can be avoided by the present preferred arrangement of the additional tools, because the front and rearmost additional tool rows run only over part of the entire working width of the soil cultivation implement.

The same number of additional tools, in particular the same number of additional tools per row, are advantageously arranged on both sides outside the central longitudinal axis. This means that, for example, in the case of an odd number of additional tools per row, additional tools are also central, ie on the Can be arranged central longitudinal axis. This arrangement allows operation of the soil cultivation device without side pulls to be achieved particularly well.

It is further preferred that the additional tool of the rearmost additional tool row arranged furthest inward on the central longitudinal axis is positioned in such a way that it is aligned in the working direction in front of a main wheel of the chassis. In this way, earth can be conveyed in front of the main wheel of the chassis during operation, which can be compacted by the main wheel in order to at least partially compensate for any other compaction of the soil and an accompanying ruts. An improvement in the uniformity of the tillage can thus be achieved, which reduces the effort required for subsequent leveling and increases the quality of tillage. In other words, a leveling or at least a reduction of an otherwise occurring side dam is achieved by the wheel rolling over it.

The depth of the tillage tools and, alternatively or additionally, the disc tools are preferably guided via the main wheel or main wheels of the chassis, with any support wheels that may be present being able to assist in this depth guidance.

One or more rollers and / or one or more harrows can also be arranged as leveling tools behind the soil cultivation tools.

In a preferred embodiment, at least one of the additional tools, which is on the central longitudinal axis or directly adjacent to it, is opposite the other additional tools of its additional tool row in the working direction forwards or backwards, preferably by 1/3 to 1/2 times its length along the working direction, offset. The amount of offset is preferably at the same time 30% or more, more preferably 50% or more, of a diameter of the additional tool when it is disk-shaped. In this way, any risk of clogging that would otherwise exist when additional tools are located close together due to material wrapping around the additional tools can be reduced or prevented.

A total number n_ges of soil cultivation tools preferably fulfills the following equation: n_ges = nh + (R-1) * (nh-1), where nh denotes a number of soil cultivation tools of the rearmost tool row and R a number of main tool rows extending essentially over the working width designated. In a particularly preferred embodiment with three main tool rows and ten tillage tools in the rearmost tool row, the total number n_ges of tillage tools results in 10 + 2 * 9 = 28. If the tillage device were wider and had 12 tillage tools in its rearmost of three main tool rows, one would result Total number n_ges of 12 + 2 * 11 = 34, and with a longer one

Soil cultivation device with four main tool rows and ten soil cultivation tools in the rearmost main tool row would result in a total number n_ges of 10 + 3 * 9 = 37 soil cultivation tools.

The preferred soil cultivation device thus has R main tool rows on which a total of n_ges soil cultivation tools are attached at a lateral distance from one another. The soil cultivation device has a middle and a right and left frame area which are arranged along the main rows of tools. The rearmost main tool row is assigned a continuous number nh of soil cultivation tools, which define the working width B.ges, the soil cultivation tools of the rearmost main tool row being continuously arranged at the same distance bz = B.ges / nh. The right and left frame areas in the rearmost main tool row are the same number (nhr = nhl) of soil cultivation tools and the main tool rows in front of them in the right and left frame area are assigned a number (nhr-1, nhl-1) of soil cultivation tools reduced by one. The chassis is assigned to the central frame area and interrupts at least one of the main tool rows arranged in front of the rearmost main tool row in the central frame area. Two or more tillage tools of the main tool rows interrupted by the chassis in the middle frame area are omitted compared to an arrangement of tillage tools in which the rearmost and each preceding main tool row in the middle frame area has the same number of tillage tools. In order to compensate for this, the soil cultivation tools that are no longer available are arranged in an additional partial tool row in front of the main tool rows and only assigned to the central frame area. Thus the total number n_ges of the soil cultivation tools of the soil cultivation device corresponds to the above equation n_ges_ = nh + (R-1) * (nh -1).

In a preferred embodiment, the soil cultivation device has a number R of main rows of tools extending essentially over the entire working width of the soil cultivation device, a lateral line spacing between the soil cultivation tools being equal to a greater lateral tool spacing from the central longitudinal axis than the lateral wheel spacing. Furthermore, the tillage tools with a larger lateral tool spacing from the central longitudinal axis than the lateral wheel spacing from the rearmost tool row to the front between successive rows of tools are offset inwards by 1 / R times the line distance to the central longitudinal axis, i.e. staggered. This therefore describes an inwardly extending arrangement of the soil cultivation devices that extends from the rear to the front in the area outside the area bounded by the chassis around the central longitudinal axis. More preferably, there is a distance between the soil cultivation tools with a maximum lateral tool spacing from the central longitudinal axis that is the same as the lateral wheel spacing. This distance means the direct distance in any direction between the closest adjacent tillage tools. The amount of this distance is at least as large, that is greater than or equal to the amount of the distance between the soil cultivation tools with a larger lateral tool spacing from the central longitudinal axis than the lateral wheel spacing. In other words, the tillage tools within the area around the central longitudinal axis are not closer to one another than the tillage tools outside this area, so that an accumulation of, for example, plant residues between the tillage tools and thus a clogging of the device in the inner area is as unlikely as outside this area.

The present invention provides a soil cultivation device with soil cultivation tools, in which the soil cultivation tools are arranged in such a way that a high degree of maneuverability, clean subsequent journeys and uniform soil cultivation are achieved. An optimal use of the installation space of the frame surface is achieved in order to be able to manufacture the device as compactly and efficiently as possible.

Further advantages and developments of the invention emerge from the following description of the figures and the entirety of the claims.

Fig. 1 shows a plan view of a soil cultivation device in a first preferred embodiment.

FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the soil cultivation device from FIG. 1.

Fig. 3 shows a plan view of a soil cultivation device in a second preferred embodiment. FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of the soil cultivation device from FIG. 3.

In the following description, the same reference numerals are used for the same or corresponding elements and a repetitive description is largely avoided.

Fig. 1 shows a plan view of a wing share cultivator 10 in a first preferred embodiment. The cultivator 10 has a frame 14 with a middle frame segment 14.2, a left side frame segment 14.1 and a right side frame segment 14.3. The left and right directions are related to a working direction A, in which the cultivator 10 is pulled during its work. For this purpose, the cultivator 10 is coupled to a tractor in a known manner via a drawbar. The frame segments 14.1 and 14.3 are movably connected to the middle frame segment 14.2 via folding axes K1 and K2 and can preferably be moved from a laterally extending working position to a vertical transport position via actuators H1 and H2. In order to carry the load of the cultivator 10, a running gear 18 is integrated into the frame 14. The chassis 18 comprises two main wheels 20.1, 20.2 spaced equidistantly to the left and right from a central longitudinal axis 22, which have a lateral wheel spacing dr from the central longitudinal axis 22 and carry the central frame segment 14.2 via an axis. In addition to the chassis 18, the cultivator also includes a pair of front support wheels 24.1, 24.2 and rear support wheels 26.1, 26.2, each of which flank a row of cultivator tines 12. Due to the hinge effect of the folding axes K1 and K2, the working depth of the respective frame segments 14.1, 14.2 and 14.3 can be adjusted to any unevenness in the ground that occurs transversely to the main working direction with the help of the further support wheels 24.1, 24.2 and / or 26.1, 26.2 as well as with the help of the actuators H1 and H2 take place In the present embodiment, the cultivator tines 12 are arranged in three main rows of tools 16.2, 16.3, 16.4 which run transversely to the working direction A and are arranged one behind the other in working direction A. Behind the last main tool row 16.4, the lateral extent of which defines an entire working width B.ges of the cultivator 10, leveling tools such as rollers 36 or harrow 35 are also provided. The rollers 36 can also achieve a reconsolidation effect for the soil loosened by the soil cultivation tools (12) and / or a depth guide for the soil cultivation tools (12).

In the last main tool row 16.4, ten cultivator tines 12 are arranged at the same lateral line spacing from one another, with five cultivator tines 12 being arranged to the left of the central longitudinal axis 22 and five cultivating tines 12 to the right of the central longitudinal axis 22.

In the working direction A in front of the last main tool row 16.4 there is a middle main tool row 16.3, which comprises seven cultivator tines 12. The main wheels 20.1, 20.2 of the chassis 18 are also integrated in the middle main tool row 16.3 and a cultivator tine 12 is slightly offset forward in the working direction between the main wheels 20.1, 20.2, whereby this cultivator tine 12 is nevertheless defined as belonging to the middle main tool row 16.3 The distance in the working direction A to the laterally adjacent cultivator tines 12 of the central main tool row 16.3 is less than half the coulter pitch, ie the distance in working direction A between successive main tool rows 16.2 ... 16.4. At the lateral ends of the central main tool row 16.3, the outermost cultivator tines 12 are offset slightly to the rear in the working direction A and are thus behind a front edge of the rear support wheels 26.1, 26.2 arranged next to it. These outermost cultivator tines 12 also belong to the central main tool row 16.3, since their distance in the working direction A to the laterally adjacent cultivator tines 12 of the central main tool row 16.3 is less than half the plowing pitch. The cultivator tines 12 of the middle main tool row 16.3 are positioned opposite the cultivator tines of the last main tool row 16.4 in such a way that for each cultivator tine 12 of the middle main tool row 16.3 there is a cultivator tine 12 of the last main tool row 16.4, compared to the one third of the line spacing of the cultivator tines 12 in the last main tool row 16.4 is offset inward in the direction of the central longitudinal axis. This arrangement contributes to a uniform cultivation pattern by the cultivator 10, the main wheels 20.1, 20.2 taking the place of two cultivator tines 12 in this scheme.

In the working direction A in front of the middle main tool row 16.3 there is the front main tool row 16.2, which comprises eight cultivator tines 12. The cultivator tines 12 of the front main tool row 16.2 are arranged according to the same scheme opposite the middle main tool row 16.3 as the cultivator tines 12 of the middle main tool row 16.3 compared to those of the last main tool row 16.4. In other words, the cultivator tines 12 of the front main tool row 16.2 are offset inwardly from the cultivator tines 12 of the middle main tool row 16.3 by a third of the line spacing of the cultivator tines 12 of the last main tool row 16.4 in the direction of the central longitudinal axis 22. Since the main wheels 20.1, 20.2 each take the place of one cultivator tine 12 in the middle main tool row 16.3, this regularity does not apply to the innermost cultivator tines 12 of the front main tool row 16.2, which, however, have a corresponding position relative to the main wheels 20.1, 20.2, i.e. the innermost cultivator tines 12 of the front main tool row 16.2 are each offset inwardly in the direction of the central longitudinal axis by a third of the line spacing of the cultivator tines 12 in the last main tool row 16.4 with respect to one of the main wheels 20.1, 20.2.

In working direction A in front of the front main tool row 16.2 there is the tool row 16.1 furthest in working direction A in front of the chassis 18, which is a partial tool row because it extends over less than half of the total working width B.ges of the last main tool row 16.4. The Cultivator tines 12 of this row of tools 16.1 lying furthest in front of the chassis 18 in the working direction A have a lateral tool distance dw from the central longitudinal axis 22 which is smaller than the lateral wheel distance dr. The row of tools 16.1 lying furthest in the working direction A in front of the chassis 18 is flanked by two front support wheels 24.1, 24.2. A great advantage of the preferred embodiment is that the row of tools 16.1 is provided with three cultivator tines 12 in such a way that a uniform working pattern of the cultivator 10 is created. At the same time, its narrow design ensures that the cultivator 10 is very manoeuvrable. The cultivator 10 of the preferred embodiment is more manoeuvrable than a cultivator with four rows of main tools 16.2 ... 16.4 which are essentially extended over the entire working width B. In other words, the cultivator 10 can follow a small turning circle. Unlike in the prior art, the high maneuverability is not at the expense of the uniformity of the tillage, since the offset of the cultivator tines of tool rows arranged one behind the other is one third of the line spacing in the last row of tools 16.4. This facilitates leveling by means of a roller or harrow behind the cultivator tines 12.

This preferred embodiment makes it possible to arrange 28 cultivator tines 12 very evenly in a compact frame 14 with integrated chassis 18 and thus high maneuverability, so that a very homogeneous cultivation pattern is created and thus high-quality soil cultivation is possible.

FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the soil cultivation device from FIG. 1, the same reference symbols being used as in FIG. 1.

Fig. 3 shows a plan view of a soil cultivation device in a second preferred embodiment. Most of the elements shown in FIG. 3 are the same as those of the first preferred embodiment shown in FIG. This first preferred embodiment of FIG. 1 is preferred in accordance with the second The embodiment from FIG. 3 has been supplemented by three rows of discs 30.1 ... 30.3. The three rows of discs 30.1 ... 30.3 connect in working direction A in front of the main rows of tools 16.2 ... 16.4.

A rear row of discs 30.3 is at the same point as the row of tools 16.1, seen in the working direction A, and flanks this row of tools 16.1 laterally. The rows of disks 30.1 ... 30.3 comprise several concave disks 28 as disk tools, each of which defines a direction of throw. The concave disks 28 of the last row of disks 30.3 are aligned and arranged in such a way that their throwing direction points inwards towards the central longitudinal axis 22.

In front of the rear row of disks 30.3 there is a continuous middle row of disks 30.2 extending essentially over the entire working width B.ges. The concave disks 28 of the middle row of disks 30.2 have a throwing direction which points outwards away from the central longitudinal axis 22.

Again in front of the middle row of disks 30.2 a front row of disks 30.1 is arranged, which extends over approximately the same lateral extent as the row of tools 16.1. The direction of throw of the concave disks 28 of the front disk row 30.1, like that of the concave disks 28 of the rear disk row 30.3, points inward to the central longitudinal axis 22. For the concave disks 28 of the front disk row 30.1, a lateral disk spacing ds of all concave disks 28 to the central longitudinal axis 22 is smaller or equal the wheelbase dr is.

The concave disks 28 of the front row of disks 30.1 are flanked by front support wheels 32.1, 32.2, similar to the cultivator tines 12 of the front row of tools 16.1 in the first preferred embodiment from FIG. In contrast to the first preferred embodiment from FIG. 1, in this second preferred embodiment no support wheels are arranged next to the cultivator tines 12 of the tool row 16.1. By selecting and distributing the throwing directions of the concave disks 28 over the rows of disks 30.1 ... 30.3, it is possible to pre-process the soil symmetrically and comparatively uniformly. This results in a synergy with the arrangement of the cultivator tines 12 insofar as the uniform and symmetrical tillage by the cultivator tines 12 is very well prepared by the concave disks 28 in the arrangement according to the second preferred embodiment from FIG. 3.

FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of the soil cultivation device from FIG. 3, the same reference numerals being used as in FIG. 3.

REFERENCE LIST

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Soil cultivation device (10) with soil cultivation tools (12), in particular cultivator tines, wherein the soil cultivation device (10) a frame (14) in order to arrange the soil cultivation tools (12) in a plurality of tool rows (16.1 ... 16.4) which follow one another in the working direction (A) and are oriented transversely to the working direction (A) over a frame surface, and a chassis (18) with at least one main wheel (20.1, 20.2) which is spaced transversely to the working direction (A) by a lateral wheel spacing (dr) from a central longitudinal axis (22), wherein the chassis (18) is arranged within the frame surface in such a way that at least one soil cultivation tool (12) is arranged in front of and preferably behind the chassis (18) and to the left and right of the chassis (18) with respect to the working direction (A), characterized, that all soil cultivation tools (12) which are arranged in the row of tools (16.1) furthest in the working direction (A) in front of the chassis (18) have a lateral tool distance (dw) from the central longitudinal axis (22) that is less than or equal to lateral wheelbase (dr) is. 2. Soil cultivation device (10) according to claim 1, wherein the chassis (18) has two main wheels (20.1, 20.2) which are spaced from the central longitudinal axis (22) by the same lateral wheel spacing (dr). 3. Soil cultivation device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, all of the soil cultivation tools (12) arranged in the rearmost tool row (16.4) in the working direction (A) are equally spaced from their laterally adjacent soil cultivation tools (12) of the same tool row (16.4), namely by a line spacing (bz). 4. Soil cultivation device (10) according to claim 3, wherein the row of tools (16.1) which is furthest in the working direction in front of the chassis (18) is a partial tool row which extends over less than half of a working width (B) of the soil cultivation device (10), wherein the soil cultivation tools (12) of the soil cultivation device (10) in addition to the frontmost partial tool row (16.1) in a number R, preferably three, of main tool rows (16.2) extending essentially over the entire working width (B.ges) of the soil cultivation device (10), 16.3, 16.4) are arranged, each of the tillage tools (12) of a main tool row (16.2, 16.3) in the working direction (A) in front of the rearmost main tool row (16.4), the lateral tool distance (dw) of which from the central longitudinal axis (22) is greater than the lateral wheel distance (dr) one of the soil cultivation tools (12) of the R main tool rows (16.2, 16.3, 16.4) directly adjoining the rear in the working direction (A) by 1 / R times the line spacing (bz) towards the inside Central longitudinal axis (22) is offset and wherein the chassis (18) with respect to the working direction (A) in an area of a main tool row (16.2, 16.3) in front of the rearmost one Main tool line (16. 4) is arranged. 5. Soil cultivation device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the same number of soil cultivation tools (12) are arranged on both sides outside the central longitudinal axis (22). 6. Soil cultivation device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein with respect to the working direction (A) left and right next to the tool row (16.1) lying furthest in the working direction (A) in front of the chassis (18) and in along the working direction (A) same position as this row of tools (16.1) at least one front support wheel (24.1, 24.2) is arranged so that the tillage tools (12) of this row of tools (16.1) are flanked by the front support wheels (24.1, 24.2). 7. Soil cultivation device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein left and right with respect to the working direction (A) next to one Row of tools (16.2, 16.3) in front of the rearmost row of tools (16.4) but behind the row of tools (16.1) furthest in the working direction (A) in front of the chassis (18), especially the penultimate row of tools (16.3), each with at least one rear support wheel (26.1 , 26.2) is arranged so that the soil cultivation tools (12) of this tool row (16.2, 16.3) are flanked by the rear support wheels (26.1, 26.2), a soil cultivation tool (12), which is arranged in particular in the last row of tools (16.4), is preferably arranged in the working direction (A) behind the at least one rear support wheel (26.1, 26.2). 8. soil cultivation device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein some soil cultivation tools (12) on a central one Frame segment (14.2) are arranged and of these two or more soil cultivation tools (12) form the row of tools (16.1) which is furthest in the working direction (A) in front of the chassis (18) and wherein a plurality of soil cultivation tools (12) are preferably arranged on a left lateral frame segment (14.1) and a right lateral frame segment (14.3), wherein the side frame segments (14.1, 14.3) are preferably each foldable relative to the central frame segment (14.2) about a folding axis (K1, K2) running parallel to the working direction (A) in order to switch the soil cultivation device (10) between a working position and a transport position, wherein the chassis (18) is preferably arranged on the middle frame segment (14.2) and optionally support wheels (24.1, 24.2, 26.1, 26.2) are arranged on the side frame segments (14.1, 14.3). 9. Soil cultivation device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the soil cultivation tools (12) are cultivator tines, the soil cultivation device (10) further comprising additional tools that have a clearing or leveling effect, preferably rotating tools, preferably disc tools (28) that are arranged in the working direction (A) in front of the cultivator tines (12) in several rows of additional tools (30.1, 30.2, 30.3) which follow one another in the working direction (A) and are aligned transversely to the working direction (A), a rearmost row of additional tools (30.3) essentially to the left and right of the row of tools (16.1) lying furthest in front of the chassis (18) in the working direction (A) and in the same position as this along the working direction (A) Tool row (16.1) is arranged, a foremost row of additional tools (30.1) being arranged in front of the rearmost row of additional tools (30.3) in the working direction (A), wherein a middle row of additional tools (30.2) is arranged in front of the rearmost row of additional tools (30.3) and the front row of auxiliary tools (30.1) is arranged in front of the middle row of additional tools (30.2) in the working direction (A), and wherein all additional tools (28) which are arranged in the foremost additional tool row (30.1) have a lateral additional tool spacing (ds) from the central longitudinal axis (22) which is less than or equal to the lateral wheel spacing (dr). 10. Soil cultivation device (10) according to claim 9, the disc tools (28) of the rearmost additional tool row (30.3) closest to the central longitudinal axis (22) being arranged in line with the main wheels (20.1, 20.2) of the chassis (18) in the working direction (A). 11. Soil cultivation device (10) according to claim 9 or 10, wherein with respect to the working direction (A) left and right next to the foremost row of additional tools (30.1) and in the same position along the working direction (A) as this row of additional tools (30.1) in each case at least one front support wheel (32.1, 32.2) is arranged so that the additional tools (28) of this additional tool row (30.1) are flanked by the support wheels (32.1, 32.2). 12. Soil cultivation device (10) according to one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the additional tools (28) are arranged obliquely and are preferably hollow disks, by which a throwing direction is defined in each case, the throwing direction of the additional tools (28) of the rearmost row of additional tools (30.3) pointing to the central longitudinal axis (22) and the throwing directions of the additional tools (28) the rows of additional tools (30.1, 30.2, 30.3) arranged one behind the other alternately point away from the central longitudinal axis (22) and towards the central longitudinal axis (22). 13. Soil cultivation device (10) according to one of claims 9 to 12, wherein at least one of the additional tools (28), which lies on the central longitudinal axis (22) or directly adjacent to it, is preferably forward or backward in the working direction (A) compared to the other additional tools (28) of its additional tool row (30.1, 30.2, 30.2) by 1/3 times to 1/2 times its length along the working direction (A). 14. Soil cultivation device (10) according to one of claims 9 to 13, the same number of additional tools (28) per additional tool row (30.1 ... 30.3) being arranged on both sides outside the central longitudinal axis (22). 15. Soil cultivation device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a total number n_ges of soil cultivation tools (12) satisfies the following equation: n_ges = nh + (R-1) * (nh-1), where nh denotes a number of soil cultivation tools (12) of the rearmost tool row (16.4) and R denotes a number of main tool rows (16.2, 16.3, 16.4) extending essentially over the working width (B.ges). 16. Soil cultivation device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, which has a number R of itself essentially over the entire working width (B.ges) of the soil cultivation device (10) has main rows of tools (16.2, 16.3, 16.4), wherein a lateral line spacing (bz) between the soil cultivation tools (12) with a larger lateral tool spacing (dw) from the central longitudinal axis (22) than the lateral one Wheel spacing (dr) is the same and wherein the tillage tools (12) with a larger side Tool distance (dw) from the central longitudinal axis (22) than the lateral one Wheel spacing (dr) from the rearmost row of tools (16.4) to the front between rows of tools (16.1 ... 16.4), each offset by 1 / R times the line distance (bz) to the central longitudinal axis (22), i.e. staggered, are. 17. Soil cultivation device (10) according to claim 16, wherein between the soil cultivation tools (12) with a maximum equal lateral tool distance (dw) from the central longitudinal axis (22) as the lateral wheel spacing (dr) there is a distance whose amount is at least as large as the amount of the distance between the soil cultivation tools (12) a larger lateral tool distance (dw) from the central longitudinal axis (22) than the lateral wheel distance (dr).