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EP3888899A1 - Procédé de commande d'une presse à balles - Google Patents

Procédé de commande d'une presse à balles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3888899A1
EP3888899A1 EP21165407.4A EP21165407A EP3888899A1 EP 3888899 A1 EP3888899 A1 EP 3888899A1 EP 21165407 A EP21165407 A EP 21165407A EP 3888899 A1 EP3888899 A1 EP 3888899A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bale
mass
channel
bales
compression stroke
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP21165407.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3888899B1 (fr
EP3888899C0 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Telscher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Unotech GmbH
Original Assignee
Unotech GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unotech GmbH filed Critical Unotech GmbH
Publication of EP3888899A1 publication Critical patent/EP3888899A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3888899B1 publication Critical patent/EP3888899B1/fr
Publication of EP3888899C0 publication Critical patent/EP3888899C0/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3003—Details
    • B30B9/3007—Control arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • Baling presses are used to compress loose material such as paper and cardboard, plastic waste, mixed waste or fiber materials into cuboidal bales, which can then be provided with various types of bindings.
  • the bales can then be stacked and transported, the space requirement and the effort involved in handling being significantly reduced due to the high degree of compression.
  • baling presses There are different types of baling presses. In addition to channel baling presses with a press chamber open on both sides and a subsequent press channel, in which the bales located there are used as an abutment for the pressing process, there are also balers with a press chamber open on one side, which are characterized by better shape retention and uniformity of the bales produced and by a shorter design. Channel baling presses are characterized by higher performance and lower sensitivity with regard to the uneven properties of the material to be pressed.
  • the bales produced in a baling press should keep given dimensions that are as constant as possible and also always have the same weight.
  • the dimensions are especially important for logistics, while the weight is the basis for calculating the sale price.
  • Baling presses in the design of a channel baling press are, for example, from the DE 42 15 578 A1 and the DE 10 2005 003 397 A1 known.
  • Designs with One-sided open bale chamber are from the documents DE 69506769 T2 and the DE 20 2012 010 760 U1 known.
  • the known channel baling presses each have a feed chute or feed funnel through which the loose material to be pressed is thrown in.
  • the material to be pressed falls directly into the press channel, where it is conveyed in one working stroke by the press ram into a bale channel and compacted there.
  • the material to be pressed in the bale channel is compressed there in a conveying flow.
  • a tie is made at the end of the bale channel, with which individual bales are formed from the conveying flow.
  • the binding takes place after a compression stroke of the ram, so that a bale is always formed from a number of compression strokes, in practice about three to five strokes.
  • the bales produced are discharged from the press in close succession in a quasi-continuous conveying flow. Usually the individual bales are picked up with a forklift, possibly weighed and then transported on.
  • This object is achieved by a method for producing bales with the features of claim 1 and by a method for operating a channel baling press with the features of claim 10.
  • bales in one Channel baling press which by compacting and binding loose material to be pressed in the pressing direction produces successive bales of pressed material, which are conveyed in a conveying direction to an exit of the channel baling press
  • the bales are separated at the exit of the channel baling press, then the mass of the the respective individual bale and / or length of the bale is measured in the pressing direction, and the measured value or the measured values are used to control the channel baling press in order to regulate the mass and / or the length of the following bales produced to target values
  • the Press material to be readjusted in order to keep the deviations from the target values of the mass and / or the length of the bales low. It is particularly advantageous to measure the mass and the length so that the deviation from the setpoint values can be kept small for both values.
  • a channel baling press can be readjusted with a varying structure, changing mechanical properties and especially with a change in the average density of the pressed material so that a bale can be produced with a certain number of compression strokes that meets the target values for the dimensions, in particular the Length, and for the ball mass is essentially the same.
  • the control can increase the filling level of the pressed material in the feed chute at which the compression stroke is triggered. Due to the weight of the material to be pressed, a kind of pre-compression increases the bulk weight in the chute and it there is more mass available in front of the ram.
  • the starting position of the press ram for the compression stroke can also be shifted in the direction of the rest position of the press ram, so that the distance S of the compression stroke is increased. This increases the volume to be compressed in the compression stroke.
  • the control can reduce the filling level of the material to be pressed in the chute at which the compression stroke is triggered. Likewise, if the measured value of the mass of a produced bale is above a target value, the control can shift the start position of the press ram for the compression stroke in the direction of, so that the distance S of the compression stroke is shortened. Both changes can be combined.
  • the procedure is preferably such that if the measured value of the length of a produced bale is above the nominal value, the control increases the preselected hydraulic pressure for the drive of the ram and if the measured value of the length of a produced bale is below the nominal value, the Control the preselected hydraulic pressure for driving the ram is reduced.
  • the bale produced and measured in each case is provided, after its mass has been measured, with an inscription indicating the individual mass, for example printed or provided with a label or printed strapping.
  • an inscription indicating the individual mass for example printed or provided with a label or printed strapping.
  • FIG. 1 is a known channel baling press 30 with a chute 31 is shown schematically.
  • Loose press material 32 for example from plastics recycling, is thrown into the chute and falls directly into a press channel 33, where it is conveyed in one working stroke by a press ram 34 with an end face 38 into a bale channel 2 and compacted there.
  • the press ram 34 is driven by a hydraulic cylinder 35 as a function of a controller 36.
  • At least two sensors 37 are also attached to the insertion chute 31, which detect the filling level of the insertion chute 31 and pass it on to the controller 36.
  • the maximum working stroke or compression stroke of the end face of the ram 34 is in the Fig. 1 marked with the route S. Of the maximum working stroke extends from the in Fig. 1
  • the material to be pressed in the bale channel 2 is compressed there in a conveying flow in the conveying direction F.
  • a binding is made, with which individual bales are formed from the conveying flow.
  • the binding takes place after a compression stroke of the ram, so that a bale is always formed from a number of compression strokes, in practice about three to five strokes.
  • the Figure 2 shows a measuring device 1, which is arranged at the exit of the bale channel 2 of the channel baling press only partially shown here.
  • the channel baling press generates a conveying flow of compressed bales, which move step-by-step downstream in a conveying direction F with each compression stroke of the press ram of the channel baling press.
  • the measuring device 1 is arranged with a feed table 3 which has an essentially flat storage surface 4 for the bales produced.
  • the storage surface 4 is provided with grooves 5 running in the conveying direction F, which reduce the friction of the bales on the storage surface and cause the bales to be guided in the conveying direction F, since the bales are not completely smooth on their outside and therefore have protruding surface structures can engage in the grooves 5.
  • a sliding plane 7 is provided, which is offset downwards in relation to the storage surface 4.
  • the sliding plane 7 comprises a stationary part 8 and a weighing table 9, which rests on four weighing cells, which are not shown here.
  • the weighing cells are each accessible through a service flap 10 from the top.
  • a sliding device with a slide 11 is arranged below the storage surface 4, which in the rest position shown is partially accommodated in the feed table 3.
  • the slide 11 can be moved in the conveying direction F and slides over the sliding plane 7 on its travel path.
  • three ultrasonic sensors 13, 14 and 15 and two optical sensors 16 and 17 are attached to the carrier 12 one behind the other. The respective detection range of the sensors 13 to 17 points downwards.
  • a labeling device 20 Downstream of the weighing table 9 is a labeling device 20, which essentially consists of a strapping device 21 and a printer 22.
  • the labeling device 20 is arranged in a frame which surrounds the conveying path of the bales on all sides.
  • the labeling device 20 is constructed like a binding unit, in which material can be strapped with a plastic band in other applications.
  • the bale already tied in the channel baling press and strapped with wire is strapped for the purpose of identification with a plastic band which is printed with data to identify the bale.
  • a hydraulic unit 25 is mounted on the frame above the labeling device 20. During operation, the hydraulic unit 25 provides the hydraulic pressure for a double-acting drive cylinder, not shown, of the slide 11, which is arranged horizontally below the storage surface 4 within the table 3. The working stroke of the drive cylinder runs parallel to the conveying direction F.
  • a distance measuring device is coupled to the drive cylinder and generates a measured value corresponding to the position in every position of the slide 11 along its working path.
  • FIG. 3 to 11 show the in Fig. 2 shown device in a side view during operation in various successive steps.
  • the too Figure 2 Components and elements of the device described have the same reference numerals as there.
  • FIG. 3 shows how a conveying flow of fully bound bales A, B and C emerges from the bale channel 2 of the channel baling press and is successively applied to the storage surface 4 of the feed table 3.
  • the leading bale is pushed in the conveying direction F by the following bale.
  • the bales A, B and C produced are close together with their front sides.
  • the slide 11 is in its right end position, into which it has been moved by the drive cylinder 26.
  • the sensors 13 and 14 use ultrasound to detect the surface of the leading bale A and thus determine the height of the bale A above the storage surface 4 and, if necessary, also the homogeneity of the upper side of the bale A.
  • the sensors 13 and 14 can measure that the bale A has tipped over the edge 27, since the distance between the surface of the bale H and the sensor 13 is smaller than the distance to the sensor 14.
  • the bale A has now reached the detection area of the sensor 15, so that the sensor 15 can now also detect the upper side of the bale A and can determine the height of this upper side above the surface of the slide 11.
  • the sensor 14 determines that on the trailing side of the bale A, the upper side has assumed the same height as in the area of the sensor 15 and therefore it can be determined that the bale A rests horizontally on the slide 11.
  • the sensor 13 now already detects the front upper side of the following bale B, while the sensors 14 and 15 emit signals from which the tilting of the bale A can be determined.
  • the optical sensor 16 already detects the upper front edge of the bale A.
  • the sensor 13 continues to detect the following bale B.
  • the two sensors 14 and 15 now indicate that the bale A is lying horizontally and opposite the position Figure 5 has reached the sliding plane 7 further down by the vertical thickness of the slide 11.
  • the bale A is still close to the bale B.
  • the signals of the sensors 14 and 15 can also be checked in an even more complex evaluation to determine whether they emit a signal corresponding to the surface contour of the bale A.
  • the surface contour can be detected when the bale A passes under the sensor 13.
  • Fig. 9 illustrates a forward stroke of the pusher 11 in the conveying direction F, the bale A being separated from the bale B.
  • the stroke of the slide 11 is carried out until the leading side of the bale A has passed the sensor 16 and reaches the sensor 17. This is the signal that the bale A rests on the weighing table 9 over its entire length.
  • the sensor 17 detects the presence of the bale A in its detection area, the forward stroke of the slide 11 is ended.
  • the sensors 16 and 17 are laser scanners which can measure the front edge of the bale very precisely and can therefore determine the position of the bale in the conveying direction F precisely.
  • the distance measuring device connected to the drive cylinder 26 can be read out in this position.
  • the length of the bale A in the conveying direction can now be determined from the measured value and the precisely known position of the bale A under the sensor 17.
  • FIG 11 finally shows a further step in which the pusher 11 has been moved further downstream and has conveyed the bale A from the weighing table 9 into the frame of the labeling device 20.
  • the labeling device 20 now moves a plastic band through the frame around the bale in a manner known per se.
  • the tape is inscribed in the printer 22.
  • a serial number of the bale A, the date and time of manufacture and that in the step off Fig. 10 determined weight is printed.
  • the tape is then welded and is thus permanently attached to the bale.
  • the imprint is preferably made at several points so that the data can be seen from different viewing directions.
  • the bale A can also be sequentially printed with several plastic bands strapped so that if a strap is lost, the information mentioned can still be read.
  • the bale can be provided with a sticker bearing some or all of the above information. Whether a sticker is suitable depends on the type and condition of the pressed material. In the case of inhomogeneous pressed material such as household waste, strapping with a plastic strap is preferable.
  • the bale A can be picked up in this position behind the labeling device 20 by a forklift.
  • the system is now in the in Figure 3 Starting position shown, where the balls B, C and D have now taken the place of the balls A, B and C. The procedure can be repeated cyclically.
  • every bale produced by a channel baling press can be measured and identified automatically with regard to length and weight.
  • Labeling the bales with their weight information is advantageous for the reasons mentioned, but efforts are also made to keep the bale weights as constant as possible, even if the properties of the pressed material change over time.
  • the measured values determined by the measuring device 1 are transmitted to the controller 36 of the channel baling press 30 as at least one of the measured values for length and weight, preferably both measured values.
  • the control then adjusts the adjustable operating parameters of the channel baling press.
  • the aim here is that a given bale weight or, more precisely, a given bale mass is achieved as precisely as possible with a whole number of compression strokes.
  • In front of the ram there should therefore be as much mass of pressed material as is necessary for the compression stroke. For example, if a bale is to be produced in four compression strokes, a quarter of the desired ball mass.
  • this value can be varied via the position of the press ram before the compression stroke, as this changes the volume in the lower area of the feed chute between the press ram and the bale channel.
  • the filling level in the chute at which the compression stroke is triggered can be changed.
  • the volume in the lower area of the chute between the press ram and the bale channel is pre-compressed by the dead weight of the column of pending press material, so that the so-called bulk weight increases there. This also increases the mass of pressed material compressed in the compression stroke when the filling level is increased, and the mass presented is reduced when the filling level is reduced until the compression stroke is triggered.
  • the working pressure of the hydraulic drive driving the ram can be changed. If the bale is too short for a "suitable" mass, the pressure is reduced, if the bale is too long, the pressure is increased.
  • This setting is made, for example, by changing the cross-section of the bale channel with the in Fig. 2 Adjusting pliers 40 shown is changed, as a result of which the frictional force generated there and acting against the pressing force changes. A higher friction results in a higher hydraulic pressure and vice versa.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
EP21165407.4A 2020-04-03 2021-03-26 Procédé de commande d'une presse à balles Active EP3888899B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020109396.9A DE102020109396A1 (de) 2020-04-03 2020-04-03 Verfahren zur Steuerung einer Ballenpresse

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3888899A1 true EP3888899A1 (fr) 2021-10-06
EP3888899B1 EP3888899B1 (fr) 2024-11-20
EP3888899C0 EP3888899C0 (fr) 2024-11-20

Family

ID=75252519

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21165407.4A Active EP3888899B1 (fr) 2020-04-03 2021-03-26 Procédé de commande d'une presse à balles

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3888899B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102020109396A1 (fr)
PL (1) PL3888899T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20230363318A1 (en) * 2022-05-11 2023-11-16 Usines Claas France Sas Round baler and method for operating a round baler

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102023100179B4 (de) 2023-01-04 2024-10-10 Unotech Gmbh Beschriftungsvorrichtung und Verwendung einer solchen Vorrichtung zur Beschriftung eines Ballens

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4750417A (en) * 1986-03-24 1988-06-14 Mosley Machinery Co. Method for compacting low density articles
DE4215578A1 (de) 1992-05-12 1993-11-18 Paals Packpressen Fabrik Gmbh Kanalballenpresse
DE69506769T2 (de) 1994-04-15 1999-07-01 Miguel Sabadell Barcelona Lopez Ramirez Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Formen von Ballen aus losen Materialien
JP3118238B1 (ja) * 1999-09-22 2000-12-18 鎌長製衡株式会社 廃プラスチック容器梱包設備
EP1120237A2 (fr) * 2000-01-26 2001-08-01 Autefa Automation GmbH Presse à balles avec dispositif de pesage et procédé de pesage
US6418841B1 (en) * 1999-11-22 2002-07-16 Pmds, Llc System and method for compacting and transporting scrap metal
DE102005003397A1 (de) 2005-01-21 2006-07-27 Paal Gmbh Kanalballenpresse
US20090025350A1 (en) * 2006-02-01 2009-01-29 Roberts Jeffrey S System and method for identifying bales of hay
US20090235628A1 (en) * 2008-03-24 2009-09-24 Willamette Hay Industries, Llc Baling systems and methods
DE202012010760U1 (de) 2012-11-12 2014-02-14 Unotech Gmbh Ballenpresse für loses Pressgut

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3279356A (en) 1964-04-06 1966-10-18 East Chicago Machine Tool Corp Baling system
US4565123A (en) 1984-05-10 1986-01-21 Sanders Gerald W Tension control for baling machine
DE19835166C2 (de) 1998-08-04 2000-06-15 Case Harvesting Sys Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Feststellen der Preßdichte von Ballen
IT1315281B1 (it) 2000-02-15 2003-02-10 Danese Maurizio Srl Macchina compattatrice per prodotti di scarto solidi e umidi
DE102018109106A1 (de) 2018-04-17 2019-10-17 Usines Claas France S.A.S. Landwirtschaftliche Ballenpresse sowie Verfahren zu deren Betrieb

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4750417A (en) * 1986-03-24 1988-06-14 Mosley Machinery Co. Method for compacting low density articles
DE4215578A1 (de) 1992-05-12 1993-11-18 Paals Packpressen Fabrik Gmbh Kanalballenpresse
DE69506769T2 (de) 1994-04-15 1999-07-01 Miguel Sabadell Barcelona Lopez Ramirez Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Formen von Ballen aus losen Materialien
JP3118238B1 (ja) * 1999-09-22 2000-12-18 鎌長製衡株式会社 廃プラスチック容器梱包設備
US6418841B1 (en) * 1999-11-22 2002-07-16 Pmds, Llc System and method for compacting and transporting scrap metal
EP1120237A2 (fr) * 2000-01-26 2001-08-01 Autefa Automation GmbH Presse à balles avec dispositif de pesage et procédé de pesage
DE102005003397A1 (de) 2005-01-21 2006-07-27 Paal Gmbh Kanalballenpresse
US20090025350A1 (en) * 2006-02-01 2009-01-29 Roberts Jeffrey S System and method for identifying bales of hay
US20090235628A1 (en) * 2008-03-24 2009-09-24 Willamette Hay Industries, Llc Baling systems and methods
DE202012010760U1 (de) 2012-11-12 2014-02-14 Unotech Gmbh Ballenpresse für loses Pressgut

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20230363318A1 (en) * 2022-05-11 2023-11-16 Usines Claas France Sas Round baler and method for operating a round baler

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL3888899T3 (pl) 2025-03-31
EP3888899B1 (fr) 2024-11-20
EP3888899C0 (fr) 2024-11-20
DE102020109396A1 (de) 2021-10-07

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