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EP3740749A1 - Dispositif de de détection pour la détection de salissures - Google Patents

Dispositif de de détection pour la détection de salissures

Info

Publication number
EP3740749A1
EP3740749A1 EP19701058.0A EP19701058A EP3740749A1 EP 3740749 A1 EP3740749 A1 EP 3740749A1 EP 19701058 A EP19701058 A EP 19701058A EP 3740749 A1 EP3740749 A1 EP 3740749A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coupling
light
optical element
detection device
hologram
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19701058.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Tobias PETERSEIM
Annette Frederiksen
Stefanie HARTMANN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP3740749A1 publication Critical patent/EP3740749A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/94—Investigating contamination, e.g. dust
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/55—Specular reflectivity
    • G01N21/552—Attenuated total reflection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
    • G01N21/958—Inspecting transparent materials or objects, e.g. windscreens
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
    • G01S7/4811—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements common to transmitter and receiver
    • G01S7/4813—Housing arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
    • G01S7/4817—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements relating to scanning
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/497—Means for monitoring or calibrating
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/32—Holograms used as optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/0005—Adaptation of holography to specific applications
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
    • G03H1/024—Hologram nature or properties
    • G03H1/0248—Volume holograms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
    • G01N21/15—Preventing contamination of the components of the optical system or obstruction of the light path
    • G01N2021/155—Monitoring cleanness of window, lens, or other parts
    • G01N2021/157—Monitoring by optical means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/94—Investigating contamination, e.g. dust
    • G01N2021/945—Liquid or solid deposits of macroscopic size on surfaces, e.g. drops, films, or clustered contaminants
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
    • G01N2201/06—Illumination; Optics
    • G01N2201/063—Illuminating optical parts
    • G01N2201/0635—Structured illumination, e.g. with grating
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/497—Means for monitoring or calibrating
    • G01S2007/4975—Means for monitoring or calibrating of sensor obstruction by, e.g. dirt- or ice-coating, e.g. by reflection measurement on front-screen
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/0005—Adaptation of holography to specific applications
    • G03H2001/0033—Adaptation of holography to specific applications in hologrammetry for measuring or analysing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a detection device for detecting contaminants on an optical element.
  • the invention further relates to a sensor device for detecting objects by means of light of at least one wavelength.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing a coupling device for coupling and decoupling light.
  • LiDAR sensor devices can be provided with a cover glass that is transparent to the respective wavelength. Environmental conditions on this coverslip contaminate the dirt and water, interfering with the optical path to object detection by a LiDAR sensor device.
  • a rain sensor has become known.
  • electromagnetic radiation is coupled via a coupling element into a cover glass and, after passing through a certain part of the cover glass, is decoupled from the cover glass via a coupling-out element and a detector fed.
  • the electromagnetic radiation detected by the detector is used to detect the presence of drops on the surface of the cover glass.
  • the invention provides a detection device for detecting soiling of an optical element
  • a coupling device comprising a first coupling element for coupling light of at least one wavelength of a light source into an optical element, and a second coupling element for coupling out light from the optical element, wherein at least one of the coupling elements comprises a hologram and
  • a detector for detecting the decoupled light.
  • the invention provides a sensor device for detecting objects by means of light of at least one wavelength, comprising an object light source for emitting light of at least one wavelength into an object space, an object detector for receiving light reflected by an object, designed as a cover of the sensor device Optical element and a detection device according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the coupling device and the cover of the sensor device for coupling and decoupling of light are designed to cooperate.
  • the invention provides a method of manufacturing a coupling device comprising the steps
  • At least one coupling element is provided by means of printing or by means of an analog recording of a hologram on a carrier material.
  • One of the advantages achieved thereby is that by the use of a hologram in at least one coupling element or by training At least one of the coupling elements as a hologram an efficient and cost-effective monitoring of contamination, such as a LiDAR system on a protective screen, cover glass or the like, is made possible.
  • Another advantage is the cost-effective production and the small installation space compared to known coupling and decoupling elements.
  • increased flexibility with regard to the concrete design and the diffraction efficiency is achieved.
  • a simple implementation with simultaneous robustness of the device is possible.
  • the hologram is designed as a volume hologram.
  • the flexibility is further increased, because by the volume diffraction by the volume hologram the at least one coupling element still a predetermined wavelength and / or angle selectivity and optionally a filter function can be assigned.
  • a predetermined wavelength and / or angle selectivity and optionally a filter function can be assigned.
  • only light from defined directions and with defined wavelengths is then diffracted at the volume hologram. Stray light can be effectively reduced due to the angular and wave selectivity of volume holograms.
  • the hologram is deflecting and at least partially focusing. In this way, the efficiency can be further increased.
  • the hologram is designed as a transmission or reflection grating. This increases the flexibility, since the at least one coupling element can be formed as a transmission or reflection grating.
  • the coupling element is formed as a holo- graphic film. This allows a particularly small space while cost-effective production. According to a further advantageous development, at least one of the coupling elements is at least partially disposed in the optical element. This allows a space-saving arrangement, for example in conjunction with a protective glass.
  • the detector is designed to detect a weakening of a light totally reflected in the optical element of the light source.
  • contamination can be detected in a simple and efficient way. For example, if dirt or water strikes a protective window of a LiDAR system, a light-guiding function of the protective window is disrupted due to total reflection due to contamination, resulting in a loss of intensity at the detector.
  • light of the object light source can be coupled in by means of the first coupling element.
  • Advantage of this is that can be dispensed with an additional light source for the detection, which reduces the cost.
  • the object light source of the sensor device has a Nutzsichtfeld Scheme and a side view field area and the first coupling element of the coupling device for coupling light is arranged in the side view field area.
  • the at least one coupling element is laminated to the optical element. This allows a particularly inexpensive and easy fixation on the optical element.
  • FIG. 1 shows a known LiDAR sensor.
  • Figure 2 shows a detection device in a LiDAR sensor according to a
  • FIG. 3a shows a part of a detection device and an unpolluted optical element according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3b shows a part of a detection device and a dirty optical element according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows part of a sensor device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a known LiDAR sensor.
  • FIG. 1 shows a rotating LiDAR sensor 1.
  • the rotating LiDAR sensor 1 is surrounded by a protective glass 4.
  • a light source 2 is arranged in the form of a laser, which emits a light beam 10 with a low divergence in the horizontal via a transmitting optics 3.
  • a detector 20 is arranged, which is preceded by a receiving optical system 30 to receive reflected light from an object of the laser 2.
  • Laser 2, transmitting optics 3, receiving optics 30 and detector 20 are rotatable together in a clockwise direction about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the drawing (reference numeral 9).
  • the protective glass 4 serves for protection, for example for protection against dirt and water and for encapsulation. If dirt or water now settles on the protective glass 4, the optical path of the emitted light beam 10 and of the receive beam (not shown here) is disturbed and the LiDAR sensor 1 does not operate faultlessly, or resolution losses and range losses are accompanied.
  • Figure 2 shows a detection device in a LiDAR sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 essentially shows a LiDAR sensor 1 according to FIG.
  • the LiDAR sensor 1 according to FIG. 2 now has a coupling device 5, 5a with a coupling element in the form of a holographic optical element 6 and a coupling-out element in the form of a holographic optical element in the region of the emitted light beam 10 7 arranged. Both are arranged on the inside of the protective glass 4. It is also conceivable to arrange the coupling element 6 and / or the coupling-out element 7 in the protective glass 4, that is to say in the protective glass composite.
  • the coupling device 5, 5a can - in the view of Figure 2 - only cover a portion of the transmitted light beam 2 (reference numeral 5) or completely cover it (reference numeral 5a).
  • the light beam 10 is emitted essentially in the plane of the drawing. Due to the Gaussian beam profile of the light beam 10 of the laser 2 and due to a corresponding transmission optics 3, the light beam 10 also has a vertical component perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. This vertical component of the light beam 10 can be used by arranging the coupling device 5, 5a so that light of the vertical component is decoupled into the protective glass 4 via the coupling device 5, 5a.
  • the corresponding decoupling element 7 is then preferably in an area on the protective glass 4, which is no longer exposed to light 10 of the laser 2.
  • the coupling element 6 has the function of rethinking part of the radiation of the LiDAR sensor 1 so that it runs in the protective glass 4 at the angle of total reflection. If the coupling element 6 and / or the corresponding decoupling element 7 of the coupling device 5, 5a formed as a volume hologram, the efficiency can be arbitrarily adapted to the particular application and it can be a diffraction efficiency of up to 100% can be achieved.
  • a master hologram is produced with a selected deflection function and possibly additionally with a partially focussing function. Subsequently, this can be duplicated by the method of the contact copy, wherein the reference efficiency is set by the copying method.
  • the master hologram can be printed or recorded analogously and depending on the position of the hologram on the protective glass 4, so the coupling and / or the coupling element 6, 7, the efficiency can be adjusted so that the basic function of the LiDAR sensor 1, namely the object recognition, is not limited.
  • Figure 3a shows a part of a detection device and a pollution-free optical element according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3b shows a part of a detection device and a dirty optical element according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 a shows in detail a detection device 8 '.
  • a coupling-in element 6 and a coupling-out element 7 of a coupling device 5, each comprising at least one hologram, are arranged on a protective glass 4.
  • Light 10 of the object light source 2 of the LiDAR sensor 1 strikes the coupling element 6 and is coupled at an angle into the protective glass 4, so that it propagates along the protective glass 4 by means of total reflection (light beam 12). At a suitable point, this is in turn coupled out of the protective glass 4 via the decoupling element 7 and fed to a detector 8 of the detection device 8 '.
  • the exit of the electromagnetic wave, in this case the light beam 12, from the optically denser medium with refractive index ni into the optically thinner medium (usually air) with refractive index n2 with ni> n2 is responsible for this effect.
  • the part of the electromagnetic wave, which is located in the optically thin medium, is also called an evanescent field.
  • FIG. 4 shows part of a sensor device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows part of a LiDAR sensor 1.
  • the drawing plane of FIG. 4 essentially corresponds to the plane perpendicular to the drawing plane of FIG.
  • a light source in the form of a laser 2 is protected by a protective glass 4.
  • a coupling element 6 and a decoupling element 7 is arranged, which are both formed as holographic optical elements, ie in each case comprise a hologram.
  • the decoupling element 7 is arranged in the vertical direction over the coupling element 6.
  • a detection device 8 ' is arranged comprising a detector 8 for detecting the decoupled with the decoupling element 7 light.
  • the laser 2 and a transmission optics 3 have two different regions 13 and 14.
  • the area 14 is the so-called useful area or useful field-of-view area, which is used for the detection of objects by means of the LiDAR sensor 1.
  • This region 14 is arranged substantially centrally with respect to the center axis of the laser 2 or the transmission optics 3. Laterally or above and below the useful area 14, a side or edge area 13 is present, which is not used for the detection of objects, but is also acted upon by the laser 2 with transmitting optics 3 with light.
  • This region of the transmission radiation of the laser 2 is used here for contamination detection.
  • the coupling-in element 6 for example, in a central region of the useful field-of-view region 14 of the LiDAR sensor 1. Then a Einkoppelhologramm 6 can be arranged with low efficiency, so that the proportion of the useful light used is minimized.
  • the coupling element 6 are also arranged on the edge of the protective glass 4.
  • the intensity decreases and the efficiency of the coupling hologram 6 is selected to be higher.
  • the payload field of view area 14 is formed not only by the Gaussian beam profile of the light beam 10 but also by the corresponding transmission optics 3.
  • the LiDAR sensor 1 can be designed so that the illumination with the laser 2 with transmitting optics 3 is designed to be somewhat larger (for example in the upper or lower region) than the region 14 required for the useful FoV can also be used for pollution detection, without the Nutz- FoV range 14 is impaired.
  • This embodiment can be used both in a LiDAR sensor 1 with column illumination (columns are made longer) and in a LiDAR sensor 1 with point illumination (one more point is illuminated).
  • At least one of the embodiments of the invention has at least one of the following advantages: • Free choice of angle of incidence and deflection and thus flexibility in the spatial arrangement of coupling element, decoupling element and detector.
  • the coupling element and the decoupling element can be printed and individually adapted to the corresponding device.
  • Detector can be arranged in a housing of the sensor device.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de détection pour la détection de salissures d'un élément optique (4), comprenant un dispositif de couplage (5) comportant un premier élément de couplage (5a, 6) pour injecter de la lumière (10) d'au moins une longueur d'onde d'une source de lumière dans l'élément optique (4), et un deuxième élément de couplage (5b, 7) pour émettre la lumière injectée de l'élément optique (4), au moins un des éléments de couplage (6 : 5a; 7 : 5b) comportant un hologramme, le dispositif de détection comprenant également un détecteur (8) pour détecter la lumière émise.
EP19701058.0A 2018-01-16 2019-01-15 Dispositif de de détection pour la détection de salissures Withdrawn EP3740749A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018200626.1A DE102018200626A1 (de) 2018-01-16 2018-01-16 Detektionsvorrichtung zur Detektion von Verschmutzungen
PCT/EP2019/050858 WO2019141644A1 (fr) 2018-01-16 2019-01-15 Dispositif de de détection pour la détection de salissures

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3740749A1 true EP3740749A1 (fr) 2020-11-25

Family

ID=65041736

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19701058.0A Withdrawn EP3740749A1 (fr) 2018-01-16 2019-01-15 Dispositif de de détection pour la détection de salissures

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US11946873B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3740749A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN111868509B (fr)
DE (1) DE102018200626A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019141644A1 (fr)

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CN111868509A (zh) 2020-10-30
DE102018200626A1 (de) 2019-07-18
US20210063318A1 (en) 2021-03-04
US11946873B2 (en) 2024-04-02
CN111868509B (zh) 2024-11-01
WO2019141644A1 (fr) 2019-07-25

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