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EP3478431B1 - Utilisation d'un corps moulé thermo-isolant pour l'isolation de métaux en fusion par rapport à l'atmosphère ou à un récipient métallique - Google Patents

Utilisation d'un corps moulé thermo-isolant pour l'isolation de métaux en fusion par rapport à l'atmosphère ou à un récipient métallique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3478431B1
EP3478431B1 EP17733463.8A EP17733463A EP3478431B1 EP 3478431 B1 EP3478431 B1 EP 3478431B1 EP 17733463 A EP17733463 A EP 17733463A EP 3478431 B1 EP3478431 B1 EP 3478431B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
molded body
binding agent
use according
din
mixture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP17733463.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3478431A1 (fr
Inventor
Helge Jansen
Thomas Schemmel
Dr. Petra STEIN
Michael Schölwer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Refratechnik Holding GmbH
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Refratechnik Holding GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Refratechnik Holding GmbH filed Critical Refratechnik Holding GmbH
Priority to SI201731595T priority Critical patent/SI3478431T1/sl
Publication of EP3478431A1 publication Critical patent/EP3478431A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3478431B1 publication Critical patent/EP3478431B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
    • F27D1/0006—Linings or walls formed from bricks or layers with a particular composition or specific characteristics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/106—Shielding the molten jet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
    • B22D27/06—Heating the top discard of ingots
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/02—Linings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
    • B22D7/06—Ingot moulds or their manufacture
    • B22D7/10—Hot tops therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/10—Monolithic linings; Supports therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details specially adapted for crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B2014/0843—Lining or casing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details specially adapted for crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/10—Crucibles
    • F27B2014/104—Crucible linings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the use of a heat-insulating, refractory, unfired shaped body, in particular a plate, for the thermal insulation of metal melts, in particular steel melts, and/or a solidifying cast ingot, from the surrounding atmosphere or a metallurgical vessel, in particular in the production of steel in steelworks.
  • the present invention particularly relates to the use of a heat-insulating cover plate for covering metal melts, in particular steel melts, and/or a solidifying cast ingot, which are located in a metallurgical vessel.
  • the present invention also relates to the use of a heat-insulating, refractory, unfired molded body for the thermal insulation of a refractory lining.
  • the covering agent forms a protective and thermally insulating layer. On the one hand, it shields the molten metal bath from atmospheric gases in order to prevent undesirable chemical reactions in the molten metal. On the other hand, it serves to insulate or insulate against the atmosphere. The covering agent thus ensures good surface quality.
  • Loose fills of fireproof materials are usually used as covering materials.
  • Rice husk ash is produced in large quantities in many rice-producing countries. It is a by-product of the combustion of rice husks (husks).
  • rice husk ash When these are burned, rice husk ash is created, which is chemically very pure and consists of 94-96% SiO 2 in amorphous form. Rice husk ash is therefore also known as biogenic silica. It has a very high melting point of around 1,650 °C. During production, the volatile components burn off, but a unique, microporous structure of the SiO 2 is retained. This structure results in both an extremely low thermal conductivity and a low bulk density of the rice husk ash. As a result, rice husk ash provides excellent thermal insulation, but due to its high fineness, particularly when applied to the molten metal surface, it leads to high levels of dust pollution, which can be hazardous to health, e.g. can cause eye injuries. This is because the fine dust particles can enter the human body. For this reason, extraction systems must be installed, which in turn lead to material losses due to the extraction of the rice husk ash.
  • granules as a covering agent instead of pure rice husk ash.
  • the granules consist of granulated refractory materials that are solidified by means of a binding agent.
  • such granules come from DE 10 2013 000 527 A1 , the DE 197 28 368 C1 and the DE 197 31 653 C2 out.
  • the granules of the DE 10 2013 000 527 A1 contain mainly, preferably up to 90% by weight, diatomaceous earth. Bentonite, water glass or cellulose are used as binding agents.
  • the granules can also contain polyvinylpolypyrrolidone as a binding agent. The granules melt after some time.
  • the granules of the DE 197 28 368 C1 comprises granules made from rice husk ash, an organic gel-forming binder in amounts of 1 to 10 wt.% and water in amounts of 20 to 100 wt.%.
  • the beads/pellets of the granulate of the DE 197 31 653 C2 consist of rice husk ash mixed with a surfactant and a binding agent
  • the surfactant can be sodium alginate, sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose, sodium hexametaphosphate or mixtures thereof.
  • the binder can be polyvinyl alcohol, molasses, sodium hexametaphosphate, Portland cement, sodium silicate and precipitated calcium carbonate and mixtures thereof.
  • the beads/pellets are dried after mixing and pressing and then fired at a temperature of 800-1400 °C.
  • the granules lead to a significantly reduced dust load compared to pure rice husk ash. However, they also have a higher bulk density and thus lead to poorer insulation. In addition, due to the manufacturing process, they are significantly more expensive than fills made from pure rice husk ash.
  • the metallurgical vessels to be covered are in particular a metal distributor, preferably a continuous casting distributor (tundish), a pouring ladle or a mold for rising or falling ingot casting.
  • a metal distributor preferably a continuous casting distributor (tundish)
  • a pouring ladle or a mold for rising or falling ingot casting.
  • ingot casting the liquid metal is poured into a standing mold (mold) and solidifies in it. The filling can be done either from above (falling ingot casting) or via a feed system from below (rising ingot casting). After solidification, the mold is stripped, i.e. pulled from the solidified metal, and the ingot is further processed.
  • shrinkage cavities can form, especially in the ingot head.
  • Components with a relatively low melting temperature are forced upwards in front of the crystallization front of components with a higher melting point. This and the flow of rising gas bubbles can cause elements such as sulfur, phosphorus and carbon to concentrate in the ingot head. This creates so-called ingot segregation. Slurry-up slag therefore leads to "head waste.” The relevant upper area of the ingot must therefore be separated before further processing.
  • a holding plate or a metal rod is usually first placed on the mold to insulate the head of the ingot.
  • the holding plate is usually made of heat-producing materials (so-called “exothermic plate”) made of mixtures of various refractory oxides with metal powder and often fluoride-containing components.
  • a bag of casting powder is attached to the holding plate or metal rod using a rope. The bag burns after a short time due to the high heat of the molten steel, so that the casting powder is distributed over the molten steel and acts as a separating and lubricating agent between the mold and the steel bath.
  • the holding plate or metal rod is then removed and the respective fill is manually placed on the surface of the molten metal as a covering agent. This process is very complex and, due to the immediate proximity to the hot mold, dangerous for the person carrying it out.
  • the insulation hood is arranged as a separate component at the upper end of the mold or at the mold head and is inserted into it. It thus insulates the mold head from the molten steel in the area of the ingot head.
  • the insulation hood can be designed as a one-piece component or consist of several plates connected to one another. The one-piece insulation hoods and the plates are usually made of thermally insulating material.
  • the EP 1 728 571 A1 discloses an insulating feeder for use in the foundry industry, which comprises ceramic hollow spheres, glass hollow spheres, hardened binder and optionally fiber material.
  • the hardened binder can be, for example, a thermosetting plastic former, silicate former, starch, preferably e.g. water glass.
  • the EP 1 728 571 A1 that the feeder can contain biogenic silica, e.g. rice husk ash, as other filling materials.
  • the total amount of hollow glass spheres and hollow ceramic spheres is preferably in the range of 40 to 60 wt.%.
  • the feeder is manufactured by mixing the components, forming the mixture into a feeder and curing the formed feeder.
  • the forming step is carried out using the slurry process or the green process.
  • the GB 2 347 143 A deals with a composition for producing a product with good thermal insulation, the composition comprising biogenic silica, fibers and a binder, and the biogenic silica is essentially free of cristobalite.
  • the material made from biogenic silica can be rice husk ash.
  • the products are produced using 400 liters of water, for example, to produce a slurry.
  • the binder can comprise silica sol or the binder can be a resin. In the examples, a combination of silica sol and starch is used. In the example given, the proportion of other additives (mineral fibers, alumina, kaolin) is also significantly greater than 50% by weight.
  • the GB 2 347 143 A as exemplary uses for the products pouring cups and pouring ladles, which are used in the metallurgy industry.
  • the DE 28 47 807 A1 discloses a lightweight, fire-resistant, insulating material in sheet form, the components of which are dry mixed, molded under pressure and bound with a chemical binder.
  • the material is made from a dry mixture of 40-85%, preferably 50-75%, rice husk ash, 15-60%, preferably 25-50%, perlite and 0-10%, preferably 2-5%, mineral wool, with water being added to the mixture and the mixture bound with a phosphate binder, preferably monoaluminium phosphate, and then formed into sheets under pressure and dried.
  • the material is used for lining industrial furnaces.
  • the US 3,558,591 discloses a molding compound for use in the manufacture of pouring top linings with 15 to 50% by weight of fiber material, 40 to 80% by weight of refractory filler and 0.5 to 10% by weight of a binder.
  • the refractory filler can consist entirely or partially of lightweight filler consisting of diatomaceous earth, bubble alumina, hollow silica microspheres, calcined rice husks or pozzolan.
  • binders disclosed are sodium silicate, natural rubbers, cereal flour and thermosetting resins, with resins preferably being used.
  • the compound is manufactured according to the US 3,558,591 by producing a sludge and then filtering the water out with a kind of sieve.
  • the US 3,558,591 The cold bending strengths given in the examples are only 0.45, 0.51 and 0.48 MPa respectively. Good gas permeability is according to the US 3,558,591 important in order to remove the resulting casting gases and thus prevent the formation of bubbles.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a heat-insulating molded body, in particular a heat-insulating plate, which is used for the thermal insulation of metal melts, in particular steel melts, from the surrounding atmosphere and/or a metallurgical vessel, in particular in the production of steel, wherein the molded body should be easy and inexpensive to produce, should ensure good thermal insulation and should be neither harmful to health nor to the environment.
  • such a shaped body is to be provided which is used for the thermal insulation of a refractory lining.
  • the molded body 1 is used for the thermal insulation of a metal melt, in particular a steel melt, and/or a metallic cast block 14 solidifying from the metal melt.
  • the shaped body 1 is used as thermal insulation in a multi-layer masonry or in heat treatment furnaces for refractory linings or as a corrosion barrier (e.g. against alkali attack) or as a fire protection lining or as a filter material for hot gases.
  • the unfired molded body 1 used according to the invention has a binder matrix 2 consisting of at least one set binder, in which aggregate grains 3 made of biogenic silica, preferably rice husk ash, are embedded or incorporated.
  • the aggregate grains 3 are distributed in the binder matrix 2.
  • the binder is a permanent binder.
  • a permanent binder is a binder which hardens below the temperature for ceramic firing, but does not evaporate when exposed to temperature, particularly in an O 2 atmosphere, but rather transforms and forms a binding matrix with a ceramic or other bond. Permanent binders thus ensure the cohesion of the unfired molded body 1 at room temperature and when used under temperature, particularly in an O 2 atmosphere.
  • a temporary binder burns out and evaporates when exposed to temperature.
  • Permanent binders harden at a temperature below the temperature for ceramic firing, eg at room temperature, eg hydraulically or chemically (inorganic or organic-inorganic) or organically. Under thermal stress they form a direct ceramic bond, eg by sintering. Phosphate bonds and cement bonds, for example, are converted under thermal stress, but remain intact.
  • the permanent binder is water glass or a sol-gel binder or a phosphate binder or alumina cement or Portland cement.
  • the permanent binder is water glass or a sol-gel binder or alumina cement or Portland cement.
  • the binder matrix 2 can of course also consist of several permanent binders. This allows certain properties of the molded body 1 to be set in a particularly advantageous manner.
  • the binder matrix 2 can also additionally comprise at least one set temporary binder.
  • the binder matrix 2 consists However, it consists exclusively of one or more permanent, set binders. It is therefore a permanent binder matrix 2.
  • the biogenic silica according to the invention is exclusively rice husk ash.
  • the biogenic silica is preferably exclusively rice husk ash.
  • it can also be diatomaceous earth (diatomaceous earth) or siliceous slate or radiolarian skeletons or opal sponges that have been diagenetically solidified into rock. Mixtures of different biogenic silicas can also be present as additives.
  • the molded body 1 according to both embodiments can also have further additives made of refractory material.
  • Aggregates in the sense of the invention are generally substances which or whose grains are distributed in the binding agent matrix 2 and are bound or embedded in it.
  • the additives do not react with the binding agent or only react superficially during setting.
  • the additive grains are thus essentially mechanically bound into the binding agent matrix 2.
  • the molded body 1 comprises microsilica, preferably pyrogenic and/or precipitated silica, as an additive.
  • the molded body 1 can also comprise expanded perlite and/or expanded vermiculite and/or expanded clay and/or inorganic fibers, preferably mineral and/or slag and/or glass and/or ceramic fibers, and/or fly ash and/or (power plant) filter dust as an additive.
  • Microsilica, fly ash and/or (power plant) filter dust can also react and form the binder matrix, depending on whether reactants are present in the mixture. In this case, they are not counted as aggregates, but as binders.
  • the additive of the molded body 1 consists of at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 80% by weight, particularly preferably at least 90% by weight, of rice husk ash, in each case based on the total content (dry mass) of additives.
  • the molded body 1 advantageously contains exclusively rice husk ash as an additive.
  • the additive of the molded body 1 thus advantageously consists of 100% by weight of rice husk ash.
  • the additive of the molded body 1 consists of at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 80% by weight, particularly preferably at least 90% by weight, of biogenic silica, preferably rice husk ash, in each case based on the total content (dry mass) of additives.
  • the molded body 1 advantageously contains exclusively biogenic silica, preferably exclusively rice husk ash, as additive.
  • the additive of the molded body 1 thus advantageously consists of 100% by weight of biogenic silica, preferably 100% by weight of rice husk ash.
  • the molded body 1 according to the invention is produced as follows: First, the dry components are mixed.
  • the dry components are the biogenic silica, in particular the rice husk ash, and optionally the other additives and optionally at least one permanent binder if this is in dry form.
  • Water or another liquid solvent is then added to the dry mixture to dissolve, disperse or activate the binder.
  • At least one permanent binder can also be in already dissolved or dispersed form and added in liquid form to the dry mixture of the other components.
  • composition of the finished mixture is preferably adjusted so that the mixture has a slump after 30s under vibration, determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 1927-4 (03/2013), of 200 to 500 mm, preferably 250 up to 350 mm. without a separation between coarse and fine grain fractions, as is the case with pure rice husk ash.
  • the finished mixture or batch for producing the molded body 1 has the following composition with respect to the dry components based on the total dry mass, wherein the individual components add up to 100% by weight: proportion [wt.%] preferably rice husk ash 20.0 to 95.0 45.0 to 90.0 Permanent binder 5.0 to 30.0 10.0 to 20.0 Other additives 0 to 20.0 0 to 10.0 Other ingredients 0 to 30.0 0 to 25.0
  • the weight ratio of the liquid solvent, preferably water, to the dry components is preferably 2:1 to 1:9, more preferably 1:1 to 3:7.
  • the rice husk ash used preferably has the following chemical composition according to DIN EN ISO 12677 (02/2013), whereby the individual components (without loss on ignition) add up to 100% by weight: proportion [wt.%] preferably SiO 2 92 to 98 94 to 97 P 2 O 5 0.5 to 2.0 0.5 to 1.5 K 2 O 1.0 to 3.0 1.5 to 2.5 residual oxides 0.5 to 3.0 1.0 to 2.0
  • the biogenic silica used in particular the rice husk ash, also preferably has the following grain distribution according to DIN 66165-2 (04/1987) based on the dry mass, whereby the individual components add up to 100 wt.%: grain size [mm] proportion [wt.%] preferably ⁇ 2.0 0 to 3.0 0.01 to 0.5 ⁇ 2.0 - 1.0 0.05 to 4.0 0.1 to 2.0 ⁇ 1.0 - 0.5 1.0 to 40.0. 1.5 to 35.0 ⁇ 0.5 - 0.3 3.95 to 40.0 8.39 to 30.0 ⁇ 0.3 30.0 to 95.0 40.0 to 90.0
  • the bulk density according to DIN EN 1097-3 (06/1998) of the biogenic silica used, in particular the rice husk ash, is preferably 0.05 to 0.5 g/cm 3 , more preferably 0.1 to 0.4 g/cm 3 .
  • the finished mixture is then placed in a mold and compacted therein.
  • compaction is carried out according to the invention and according to the second embodiment, preferably by means of load vibration or uniaxial pressing.
  • load vibration With load vibration, the mold is placed on a vibration table. A weight is placed on the finished mixture in the mold, the vibration table is activated and the mixture is compacted by vibration. Load vibration is generally used to produce smaller formats.
  • the mold filled with the finished mixture is placed in a press, with a cover plate placed on top of the mixture.
  • the upper punch of the press is then moved against the cover plate and the mixture is compacted with a certain pressure.
  • a certain pressure Preferably, several pressing strokes are carried out. Larger formats are generally produced using uniaxial pressing.
  • the green-strength molded body is demolded and left to set.
  • the setting temperature is selected so that the binding agent sets or hardens. It is below the temperature for ceramic firing.
  • the molded body 1 according to the invention is therefore unfired.
  • Cement-bound molded bodies are preferably left to set at room temperature, preferably until the weight is constant.
  • binding agents e.g. water glass or sol-gel binders
  • setting takes place in particular at 110 to 200 °C for preferably 4 to 12 hours.
  • Phosphate-bound molded bodies are preferably left to set at temperatures of 200 to 500 °C to ensure complete bonding with the release of water, or up to 1000 °C to obtain a water-insoluble bond.
  • the molded body 1 used according to the invention then preferably has a dry bulk density ⁇ 0 of 0.3 to 1.5 g/cm 3 , preferably of 0.5 to 1.3 g/cm 3 , according to DIN EN 1094-4 (09/1995).
  • the shaped body 1 preferably has a porosity of 60 to 90%, preferably 70 to 80%, according to DIN EN 1094-4 (09/1995).
  • the cold compressive strength of the shaped body 1 is preferably 1.5 to 20.0 MPa, more preferably 2.5 to 15.0 MPa, according to DIN EN 993-5 (12/1998).
  • the cold bending strength of the shaped body 1 is preferably 1.0 to 9.0 MPa according to the second embodiment and 1.5 to 7.0 MPa according to the invention according to DIN EN 993-6 (04/1995) according to the first embodiment.
  • the hot bending strength of the shaped body 1 is preferably 1.5 to 7.0 MPa, more preferably 2.0 to 5.0 MPa, according to DIN EN 993-7 (04/1995).
  • the molded body 1 according to the second embodiment has a softening point determined with a heating microscope according to DIN EN 51730 (09/2007) of 1200 to 1650 °C.
  • the molded body 1 preferably has a softening point determined with a heating microscope according to DIN EN 51730 (09/2007) of 800 to 1700 °C, preferably 1200 to 1650 °C.
  • the molded body 1 is suitable for long-term or permanent use at very high temperatures.
  • the molded body 1 preferably has the following thermal conductivities according to DIN EN 993-15 (07/2005): WLF [W/mK] preferably at 26°C 0.10 to 0.14 0.11 to 0.13 at 307°C 0.12 to 0.16 0.13 to 0.15 at 700°C 0.17 to 0.21 0.18 to 0.20 at 995°C 0.25 to 0.29 0.26 to 0.28
  • the molded body 1 according to the invention also preferably has the following chemical composition according to DIN EN ISO 12677 (02/2013), wherein the individual components (without loss on ignition) add up to 100 wt.%: proportion [wt.%] preferably SiO 2 22.0 to 99.0 43.5 to 97.5 Al 2 O 3 0 to 15.0 0 to 10.0 P 2 O 5 0.2 to 20.0 0.5 to 15.0 CaO 0 to 20.0 0 to 15.0 K 2 O 0.3 to 10.0 0.5 to 7.5 Na 2 O 0 to 10.0 0.5 to 7.5 residual oxides 0.5 to 3.0 1.0 to 1.5
  • the molded body 1 according to the first embodiment is used according to the invention for thermally insulating a metal melt, in particular a steel melt, from the environment.
  • the molded body 1 is preferably used for thermal head block insulation during rising block casting.
  • a block casting device 4 for the rising ingot casting of metal, in particular steel, usually has a base frame 5 with a pouring channel 6 for feeding the molten metal, in particular steel.
  • the ingot casting device 4 has a tubular mold 7 for receiving a metal bath 8 of molten metal.
  • the mold 7 has a lower and an upper, open mold end 7a;b.
  • the upper mold end 7b forms a mold head 9 of the mold 7.
  • the mold body 1 is used as a cover plate 10 for covering the upper, open mold end 7b.
  • the cover plate 10 is used for this purpose before the start of the block casting ( Fig. 2 ) is placed on the mold head 9.
  • the placement on the mold 7 thus takes place without direct contact with the metal bath 8.
  • the metal bath 8 is thus thermally insulated indirectly by the cover plate 10, i.e. without direct contact.
  • a molding powder bag 11 filled with molding powder is attached to the cover plate 10 in such a way that it hangs down from the cover plate 10 into the mold 7.
  • the cover plate 10 preferably has a central recess 12 that runs from one plate surface to the other.
  • the molten metal in particular the molten steel
  • the metal bath 8 in particular the steel bath, usually has a temperature of about 1550°C.
  • the casting powder bag 11 therefore burns after a short time due to the high heat of the molten steel, so that the casting powder is distributed on a metal bath surface 8a and a superficial Casting powder layer 13 is formed.
  • the casting powder is also distributed between the mold 7 and the metal bath 8 and acts as a separating and lubricating agent.
  • the metal bath 8 rises during the sprue up to the cover plate 10 and forms a solidifying cast block 14 with an upper block head 15 ( Fig. 4 ).
  • the cover plate 10 isolates the block head 15 from the atmosphere and thus ensures a slow cooling of the block head 15.
  • the molded body 1 is used as an insulating plate 16 for a pouring hood or insulating hood 17 for thermally insulating the block head 15 from the mold 7, in particular from the mold head 9.
  • the ring-shaped insulating hood 17 consists of several interconnected insulating plates 16 arranged adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction of the mold 7. It serves for the inner lining of the mold head 9.
  • the insulating hood 17 thus rests on the inside against a mold wall 18. It can also protrude beyond the mold 7 at the upper mold end 7b (not shown). In this case, it is used in particular together with a loose fill to insulate the metal bath surface 8a, which is sucked off at the end of the casting process.
  • the insulating hood 17 can also be formed in one piece and the molded body 1 can thus be used as an insulating hood 17.
  • the mold body 1 can also be used advantageously as a cover plate for covering or insulating the free metal bath surface 8a in another metallurgical vessel that is open at the top.
  • the mold body 1 can be used as a cover plate 19 for a pouring distributor 20 ( Fig. 5 and 6 ), preferably a continuous casting distributor (tundish) should be used.
  • the pouring distributor 20 is preferably covered with several cover plates 19 ( Fig. 5 ). During the pouring process, the metal bath 8 rises up to the cover plates 19. These form a continuous, insulating covering layer covering the metal bath surface 8a.
  • the molded body 1 can also be used advantageously as a cover plate for covering or insulating the free metal bath surface 8a in a casting ladle or in channels.
  • the molded body 1 can also be placed directly on the metal bath surface 8a so that it floats on it.
  • the molded body 1 used according to the invention has a low thermal conductivity at both low temperatures and high temperatures and therefore has excellent thermal insulation properties. When used for block head insulation in rising block casting, this ensures consistently good block head quality.
  • the good thermal insulation results in particular from the very good thermal insulation properties of the biogenic silica and its very high melting point of approx. 1650 °C.
  • the molded body 1 is free of harmful substances.
  • the rice husk ash is a natural recycling product.
  • the dust load is significantly reduced.
  • Placing the cover plates 10;19 on the mold 7 or the pouring distributor 20 is also significantly easier than applying a loose fill to the metal bath surface 8a. In addition, this can be done before the molten metal is poured in, which means a significantly lower temperature load for the respective worker.
  • the production is advantageously carried out by granulating the biogenic silica, in particular the rice husk ash, with water and/or at least one binder before mixing with the other components of the molded body and the soft or plastic, granules that have not yet set are mixed with the other components.
  • the binding agent is preferably the same binding agent or agents that are used for the molded body. During compaction or pressing, the plastic granules are destroyed, so that the molded body according to the invention is created with the additive grains made of biogenic silica.
  • the advantage of this process variant is that less dust is generated.
  • a plate according to the invention was produced from a batch with the following composition by means of load vibration: proportion [wt.%] water glass (Betol 52 T) 50 Rice husk ash NERMAT BF - E 50
  • the finished mixture was compacted for 30 s at a frequency of 50 Hz and an amplitude of 0.8 mm.
  • the weight per unit area of the weight applied was 0.005 N/mm 2 .
  • the plate was demolded and dried on a sheet in a drying cabinet at 150°C for 12 hours and allowed to set.
  • the plate had the following dimensions: 500 x 500 x 300 mm 3 .
  • the plate produced had the following properties: dry bulk density ⁇ 0 (DIN EN 1094-4 (09/1995)) 0.73 g/cm 3 Porosity (DIN EN 1094-4 (09/1995)) 70.00% Cold pressure resistance (DIN EN 993-5 (12/1998)) 4.4 N/mm 2 Cold bending strength (DIN EN 993-6 (04/1995)) 2.4 N/mm 2

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Utilisation d'un corps moulé réfractaire non cuit (1), comprenant une matrice de liant (2) contenant au moins un liant permanent pris et des grains d'agrégat (3) de cendre d'écorce de riz, ces grains (3) étant incorporés dans la matrice de liant (2), où l'agrégat du corps moulé (1) est constitué d'au moins 50 % en poids de cendre d'écorce de riz, par rapport à la masse sèche totale des matériaux d'agrégat, et où l'au moins un liant permanent est du verre à eau ou un liant sol-gel ou un liant phosphate ou du ciment d'alumine ou du ciment Portland, et où le corps moulé (1) a une résistance à la flexion à froid comprise entre 1.0 à 9,0 MPa, de préférence de 1,5 à 7,0 MPa selon la norme DIN EN 993-6 (04/1995), pour l'isolation thermique du métal en fusion, en particulier de l'acier en fusion, et/ou d'un lingot métallique (14) se solidifiant à partir du métal en fusion,
    où un corps moulé (1) est utilisé qui est produit selon les étapes de procédures suivantes:
    a) Préparation d'un mélange contenant les grains d'agrégat (3) de la cendre d'écorce de riz, l'au moins un liant permanent, et éventuellement un solvant pour le liant permanent,
    b) Verser le mélange dans un moule,
    c) Compactage du mélange au moyen d'une vibration de charge superposée ou d'une compression uniaxiale,
    d) Démoulage du corps moulé vert (1),
    e) Laisser le corps moulé (1) prendre.
  2. Utilisation selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le corps moulé (1) est utilisé pour l'isolation thermique de l'acier en fusion et/ou du lingot (14), de préférence d'une tête de lingot (15) du lingot, pour la production d'acier, de préférence pour la coulée en lingots ascendants.
  3. Utilisation selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le corps moulé (1) est utilisé pour l'isolation thermique du métal en fusion, en particulier de l'acier en fusion, situé dans une cuve métallurgique, et/ou du lingot (14) situé dans une cuve métallurgique, par rapport à la cuve elle-même et/ou à l'atmosphère.
  4. Utilisation selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le corps moulé (1) est une plaque (1).
  5. Utilisation selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le corps moulé (1) est utilisé comme plaque de recouvrement (10) pour le recouvrement et l'isolation thermique d'un bain de métal (8), en particulier un bain d'acier, situé dans une lingotière (7), de préférence pour la coulée en lingots tombants ou ascendants,
    et/ou
    comme plaque de recouvrement (19) pour le recouvrement et l'isolation thermique d'un bain de métal (8), en particulier un bain d'acier, situé dans un distributeur de coulée (20).
  6. Utilisation selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'agrégat du corps moulé (1) est constitué d'au moins 80 % en poids, de préférence d'au moins 90 % en poids, de préférence encore de 100 % en poids d'acide silicique biogène, de préférence de cendre d'écorce de riz, par rapport à la masse sèche totale des matériaux d'agrégat.
  7. Utilisation selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le corps moulé (1) comprend une densité apparente sèche p 0 de 0,3 à 1,5 g/cm3, de préférence de 0,5 à 1,3 g/cm3 selon DIN EN 1094-4 (09/1995)
    et/ou
    une porosité de 60 à 90 %, de préférence de 70 à 80 % selon la norme DIN EN 1094-4 (09/1995).
  8. Utilisation selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le corps moulé (1) comprend une résistance à la compression à froid de 1,5 à 20,0 MPa, de préférence de 2,5 à 15,0 MPa selon la norme DIN EN 993-5 (12/1998)
    et/ou
    une résistance à la flexion à chaud de 1,5 à 7,0 MPa, de préférence de 2,0 à 5,0 MPa selon la norme DIN EN 993-7 (04/1995).
  9. Utilisation selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le corps moulé (1) a un point de ramollissement compris entre 800 et 1700 °C, de préférence entre 1200 et 1650 °C, déterminé à l'aide d'un microscope à platine chaude conformément à la norme DIN EN 51730 (09/2007).
  10. Utilisation selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le corps moulé (1) comprend les conductivités thermiques suivantes (CT) selon la norme DIN EN 993-15 (07/2005): CT [W/mK] de préférence à 26°C 0,10 à 0,14 0,11 à 0,13 à 307°C 0,12 à 0,16 0,13 à 0,15 à 700°C 0,17 à 0,21 0,18 à 0,20 à 995°C 0,25 à 0,29 0,26 à 0,28
  11. Utilisation selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    un corps moulé (1) est utilisé qui est produit à partir d'un mélange dont la composition est ajustée de telle sorte que le mélange, après 30 s de vibration, comprend un affaissement de 200 à 500 mm, de préférence de 250 à 350 mm, déterminé en référence à la norme DIN EN ISO 1927-4 (03/2013).
  12. Utilisation selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    un corps moulé (1) est utilisé qui est produit à partir d'un mélange qui comprend la composition suivante par rapport à la masse sèche totale, où les constituants individuels se complètent à 100 % en poids: Quantité [% en poids] de préférence Cendre d'écorce de riz 20,0 à 95,0 45,0 à 90,0 Agent liant permanent 5,0 à 30,0 10,0 à 20,0 Autres matériaux d'agrégat 0 à 20,0 0 à 10,0 Autres constituants 0 à 30,0 0 à 25,0
  13. Utilisation selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    un corps moulé (1) est utilisé qui est produit en ce sens qu'avant d'être mélangés aux autres constituants du mélange, les grains agrégés (3) de l'acide silicique biogène sont agglomérés avec de l'eau et/ou avec au moins un liant pour former des grains de granulés et les grains de granulés à l'état ductile sont mélangés aux autres constituants du mélange.
  14. Utilisation selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la matrice de liant (2) contient de la microsilice réagie, des cendres volantes réagies et/ou de la poussière de filtre (de centrale électrique) réagie.
  15. Utilisation d'un corps moulé réfractaire non cuit (1), comprenant une matrice de liant (2) contenant au moins un liant permanent pris et des grains d'agrégat (3) de l'acide silicique biogène, de préférence de la cendre d'écorce de riz, qui sont incorporés dans la matrice de liant (2), où l'agrégat du corps moulé (1) consiste en au moins 50 % en poids d'acide silicique biogène, de préférence de la cendre d'écorce de riz, par rapport à la masse sèche totale des matériaux d'agrégat, et où l'au moins un liant permanent est due verre à eau ou un liant sol-gel ou du ciment d'alumine ou du ciment Portland, et où le corps moulé (1) a un point de ramollissement de 1200 à 1650 °C, déterminé avec un microscope à platine chaude selon DIN EN 51730 (09/2007), pour l'isolation thermique d'un revêtement réfractaire, en particulier dans un mur de briques à couches multiples ou dans un four de traitement thermique, ou comme barrière contre la corrosion, par exemple contre l'attaque des alcalis, ou comme revêtement de protection contre les incendies ou comme matériau filtrant pour les gaz chauds.
  16. Utilisation selon la revendication 15,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le corps moulé (1) comprend une résistance à la flexion à froid comprise entre 1,0 et 9,0 MPa, de préférence entre 1,5 et 7,0 MPa selon la norme DIN EN 993-6 (04/1995).
  17. Utilisation selon la revendication 15 ou 16,
    caractérisé en ce que
    un corps moulé (1) est utilisé qui est produit selon les étapes de procédures suivantes:
    a) Préparation d'un mélange contenant les grains d'agrégat (3) avec et/ou l'acide silicique biogène, l'au moins un liant permanent, et éventuellement un solvant pour le liant permanent,
    b) Verser le mélange dans un moule,
    c) Compactage du mélange,
    d) Démoulage du corps moulé vert (1),
    e) Laisser le corps moulé (1) prendre.
  18. Utilisation selon l'une des revendications 15 à 17,
    caractérisé en ce que
    corps moulé (1) comprenant les caractéristiques de l'une des revendications 4, 7 à 14 est utilisé.
EP17733463.8A 2016-06-30 2017-06-27 Utilisation d'un corps moulé thermo-isolant pour l'isolation de métaux en fusion par rapport à l'atmosphère ou à un récipient métallique Active EP3478431B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

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SI201731595T SI3478431T1 (sl) 2016-06-30 2017-06-27 Uporaba toplotnoizolacijskega litega telesa za izolacijo staljenih kovin od okolja ali metalurške posode

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DE102016112044.8A DE102016112044B4 (de) 2016-06-30 2016-06-30 Verwendung einer wärmedämmenden Platte zur Isolation von Metallschmelzen gegenüber der Atmosphäre oder einem metallurgischen Gefäß
PCT/EP2017/065921 WO2018002096A1 (fr) 2016-06-30 2017-06-27 Utilisation d'un corps moulé thermo-isolant pour l'isolation de métaux en fusion par rapport à l'atmosphère ou à un récipient métallique

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EP3478431B1 true EP3478431B1 (fr) 2025-01-08

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EP (1) EP3478431B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN109475929B (fr)
BR (1) BR112018072660B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102016112044B4 (fr)
ES (1) ES3011333T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL3478431T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2727488C1 (fr)
SI (1) SI3478431T1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018002096A1 (fr)

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DE102021203371A1 (de) 2021-04-01 2022-10-06 Refratechnik Holding Gmbh Versatz zur Herstellung eines feuerfesten, ungebrannten Formkörpers, derartiger Formkörper, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung, sowie Zustellung eines Ofens und Ofen

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CN109475929B (zh) 2021-10-26
DE102016112044B4 (de) 2019-01-03
DE102016112044A1 (de) 2018-01-04
PL3478431T3 (pl) 2025-03-31
RU2727488C1 (ru) 2020-07-21
BR112018072660A2 (pt) 2019-02-19
BR112018072660B1 (pt) 2022-10-04
US11150022B2 (en) 2021-10-19
CN109475929A (zh) 2019-03-15
EP3478431A1 (fr) 2019-05-08
WO2018002096A1 (fr) 2018-01-04
ES3011333T3 (en) 2025-04-07
US20190154337A1 (en) 2019-05-23
SI3478431T1 (sl) 2025-04-30

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