Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
  • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
  • F25J3/0204—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the feed stream
  • F25J3/0223—H2/CO mixtures, i.e. synthesis gas; Water gas or shifted synthesis gas
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  • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
  • C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
  • C01B3/506—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification at low temperatures
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  • C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
  • C01B32/40—Carbon monoxide
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  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
  • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
  • F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
  • F25J3/0252—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of hydrogen
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  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
  • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
  • F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
  • F25J3/0261—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of carbon monoxide
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
  • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
  • F25J3/0295—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used, e.g. sieve plates, packings
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  • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
  • C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
  • C01B2203/042—Purification by adsorption on solids
  • C01B2203/043—Regenerative adsorption process in two or more beds, one for adsorption, the other for regeneration
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  • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
  • C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
  • C01B2203/046—Purification by cryogenic separation
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  • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
  • C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
  • C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
  • C01B2203/047—Composition of the impurity the impurity being carbon monoxide
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  • C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
  • C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
  • C01B2203/0475—Composition of the impurity the impurity being carbon dioxide
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  • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
  • C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
  • C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
  • C01B2203/048—Composition of the impurity the impurity being an organic compound
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  • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
  • C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
  • C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
  • C01B2203/0495—Composition of the impurity the impurity being water
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  • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
  • C01B2203/14—Details of the flowsheet
  • C01B2203/146—At least two purification steps in series
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  • C01B2210/00—Purification or separation of specific gases
  • C01B2210/0001—Separation or purification processing
  • C01B2210/0009—Physical processing
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  • C01B2210/0062—Water
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  • C01B2210/0043—Impurity removed
  • C01B2210/0068—Organic compounds
  • C01B2210/007—Hydrocarbons
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
  • F25J2205/40—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using hybrid system, i.e. combining cryogenic and non-cryogenic separation techniques
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
  • F25J2205/60—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using adsorption on solid adsorbents, e.g. by temperature-swing adsorption [TSA] at the hot or cold end
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
  • F25J2210/02—Multiple feed streams, e.g. originating from different sources
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
  • F25J2210/04—Mixing or blending of fluids with the feed stream
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
  • F25J2210/06—Splitting of the feed stream, e.g. for treating or cooling in different ways
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
  • F25J2210/18—H2/CO mixtures, i.e. synthesis gas; Water gas, shifted synthesis gas or purge gas from HYCO synthesis
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
  • F25J2210/42—Nitrogen
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
  • F25J2210/60—Natural gas or synthetic natural gas [SNG]
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
  • F25J2220/02—Separating impurities in general from the feed stream
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
  • F25J2230/30—Compression of the feed stream
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
  • F25J2230/32—Compression of the product stream
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
  • F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
  • F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2280/00—Control of the process or apparatus
  • F25J2280/02—Control in general, load changes, different modes ("runs"), measurements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2280/00—Control of the process or apparatus
  • F25J2280/20—Control for stopping, deriming or defrosting after an emergency shut-down of the installation or for back up system
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
  • F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for separating a synthesis gas.
• the synthesis gas comprises carbon monoxide and hydrogen and optionally methane and / or nitrogen
• a cryogenic distillation apparatus is supplied with synthesis gas by a synthesis gas generation unit such as reforming or / and partial oxidation (SMR, ATR, POX, ).
• the synthesis gas at the output of the generation unit is cooled (for the production of steam and various preheaters and possibly by cooling water) and then sent to a CO 2 extraction system (typically by washing with amines such as MEA, MDEA, aMDEA) and then dried before being sent to the cryogenic distillation apparatus for CO separation and purification.
• the residual gas called AOG or "acetylene offgas" in English is the synthesis gas. It is compressed with a compressor upstream of the cryogenic distillation apparatus. The pressure at which this gas is compressed is compatible with the hydrogen-rich product pressure required. Thus, it is not mandatory to recompress the hydrogen before it is transferred to the customer.
• the synthesis gas generation part delivers only the requested CO molecules (in order not to degrade the operating costs and to avoid as much as possible to put in the torch of surplus CO and / or H2 products).
• the cryogenic distillation apparatus will operate at a low rate, expressed as a ratio of the flow rate of CO and / or H2 to the nominal flow rates.
• the operating stability of the cryogenic distillation apparatus at low load over the long term poses a problem with increased risks of not respecting the required purity of the CO or having too fluctuating production rates.
• it is necessary to operate it with a sufficient charge rate which may be greater than the specific needs of the customers.
• the costs are degraded by having to operate the cryogenic distillation apparatus at a level of load higher than the needs of the customers.
• cryogenic distillation apparatus In the production of carbon monoxide and hydrogen from a synthesis gas generated by reforming or partial oxidation, a cryogenic distillation apparatus and an adsorption unit are generally used.
• the cryogenic distillation apparatus purifies the CO and produces a hydrogen enriched flow which is then purified to hydrogen by adsorption.
• the proposed solution is to recycle gases produced by the cryogenic distillation apparatus, possibly all the gases produced by the cryogenic distillation apparatus, upstream of the cryogenic distillation apparatus.
• the separation units are not stopped and when the synthesis gas generating source returns to operation, it becomes possible to reprocess the synthesis gas and produce the required products.
• This solution also makes it possible to ensure descending loads of up to 0% of the source without stopping instead of typically 40%.
• a process for separating a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen in which: i) compressing a flow of synthesis gas from a source of synthesis gas into a compressor
• the cooled synthesis gas flow is separated by washing and / or distillation at a cryogenic temperature and optionally by adsorption in a separation unit and
• At least the following three gases are produced in the separation unit: a carbon monoxide enriched gas, a hydrogen enriched gas, a carbon monoxide containing waste gas and a less pure carbon monoxide gas that the gas enriched in carbon monoxide and less pure hydrogen than the gas enriched in hydrogen and optionally also a gas enriched in methane, and / or a nitrogen-enriched gas characterized in that only if the flow of synthesis gas sent at the compressor is below a threshold or zero, at least a portion of at least two or even of each of the following three gases is sent: the carbon monoxide enriched gas, the hydrogen enriched gas and the monoxide-containing waste gas carbon and hydrogen downstream of the source, and possibly upstream of the compressor, to be purified in the purification unit and separated in the separation unit.
• step v) at least a portion of the compressed synthesis gas and at least a part of at least each of the first three gases of step v) downstream of the source, and possibly upstream of the compressor, are sent to be purified in the purification unit and separated in the separation unit.
• the outputs of the separation unit are nominal productions
• carbon monoxide enriched gas is sent to a customer if the synthesis gas flow rate is above the threshold and carbon monoxide enriched gas from the storage is sent to the customer if the synthesis gas flow rate is lower than the threshold. threshold.
• the synthesis gas is a waste gas from an acetylene production unit. if the flow rate of synthesis gas is greater than the threshold, a part of the synthesis gas is stored in a storage and if the flow rate of synthesis gas is below the threshold, synthesis gas is sent from the storage to the compressor.
• the separation unit is fed solely by gases produced by the separation unit.
• the carbon monoxide enriched gas is compressed in a product compressor and sent to the customer and if the synthesis gas flow rate is below the threshold and the carbon monoxide enriched gas flow rate to be compressed is less than another At the threshold, nitrogen gas is sent to the product compressor to be compressed with the carbon monoxide enriched gas.
• a rich gas is sent to a synthesis gas component from another source that is not the separation apparatus to the separation unit.
• the carbon monoxide enriched gas is compressed in a compressor, then divided into two, a compressed portion serving as a product and a compressed portion being recycled downstream of the source and / or the hydrogen-enriched gas is compressed in a compressor, then divided in two, a compressed portion serving as a product and a compressed portion being recycled downstream of the source.
• an apparatus for separating a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen comprising a compressor for compressing a flow of synthesis gas from a gas source. of synthesis, a purification unit for purifying the compressed synthesis gas, water, and / or carbon dioxide, means for cooling the compressed and purified synthesis gas flow, a separation unit of the synthesis gas flow cooled by washing and / or distillation at a cryogenic temperature optionally comprising an adsorption unit, means for producing separation unit at least the following three gases: a gas enriched in carbon monoxide, a gas enriched in hydrogen, a gas carbon monoxide and hydrogen less pure carbon monoxide than the carbon monoxide enriched and less pure hydrogen gas than the hydrogen enriched gas and optionally also a gas enriched in methane, and / or a gas enriched in nitrogen, means for sending at least a portion of at least two or even of each of the three gases carbon monoxide enriched gas, the hydrogen-enriched gas and the carbon mon
• the apparatus comprises:
• this storage being connected to the inlet duct of the compressor by means not passing through the compressor.
• the synthesis gas compressor is used to recycle the fluids produced by the cryogenic distillation apparatus in order to:
• a buffer capacity of CO gas may be added. Indeed, the gases produced by the apparatus of Cryogenic distillation will then be recycled and the gas required by the customer will then come from this buffer capacity installed upstream of the control valve on the CO production line and will be operated at a pressure greater than the pressure required by the unit that consumes the CO.
• Nitrogen may be injected at the CO compressor suction to counterbalance compressor leakage. We will prefer
• a synthesis gas 1 comes from a synthesis gas generation unit, for example, a reforming unit, such as an SMR or an ATR or a partial oxidation unit, which produces, for example acetylene.
• the synthesis gas 1 contains carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and optionally methane and nitrogen.
• the gas 1 is compressed by a compressor 3 to form a compressed gas 5.
• the compressed gas 5 is sent to a treatment unit 7 by hydrogenation to remove oxygen and unsaturated hydrocarbons producing a flow rate 9.
• the flow 9 is sent to a CO2 purification unit 13, for example by washing with amines producing a purge flow rich in CO2 1 1 and a depleted synthesis gas flow rate
• the flow rate 15 is fed to an adsorption CO 2 purification unit 17 to remove the remaining CO 2.
• the CO2 purified synthesis gas 19 is sent to a cryogenic distillation unit 21 where the synthesis gas is cooled and then separated in at least one distillation column, comprising for example a methane washing step and / or partial condensation and / or carbon monoxide wash.
• the cryogenic distillation unit 21 produces a gas flow enriched in carbon monoxide 26, a gas rich in hydrogen 27 and a waste gas 23 containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, less pure carbon monoxide than the gas 26 and less pure hydrogen than gas 27.
• the carbon monoxide enriched gas stream 26 is compressed in a compressor 33.
• a gas flow 31 from the outlet of the compressor 33 is returned to the cryogenic distillation unit 21.
• 37 shows losses of the carbon monoxide enriched gas from the compressor 33.
• the gas from an intermediate stage of the compressor 33 partially forms a product.
• the outputs of the separation unit are nominal productions
• a percentage of x% of the carbon monoxide-rich gas, y% of the hydrogen-rich gas and z% of the waste gas may be returned to the purification unit and then to the cryogenic separation.
• the percentages x, y and z are preferably the same but may differ by less than 5%.
• nitrogen gas can be injected at an intermediate level or at the suction of the compressor 33 to compensate for compressor leakage.
• Figure 2 differs from Figure 1 in that the hydrogen enriched flow is fed from the adsorption unit 17 which removes water and CO 2 to an adsorption purification apparatus 41.
• This apparatus 41 produces a gas.
• the hydrogen-depleted gas 47 from the apparatus 41 is mixed with the waste 49 of the apparatus 21 and compressed in a compressor 53 to provide a pressurized waste gas.
• the synthesis gas 1 is no longer produced or is produced in a reduced amount, at least some products of the cryogenic distillation apparatus 21 are recycled upstream of the compressor 3, possibly after an additional treatment step.
• at least a portion 45 of the hydrogen-rich product 43 and / or at least a portion of the hydrogen-rich product 43 can be recycled upstream of the compressor 3 waste gas from the compressor 53.
• FIG. 3 differs from FIG. 1 in that part 4 of synthesis gas is taken at an intermediate pressure of compressor 3 for part 4 and at the final pressure thereof for part 4 and is not treated. in units 7,13,17,21.
• Part 4 is sent from the final pressure of the compressor 3 to an adsorption separation unit called PSA 16 where it is purified to form a hydrogen-rich flow 52.
• PSA 16 adsorption separation unit
• the waste 18 of the hydrogen-depleted adsorption separation unit 16 is mixed with the waste gas 49 of the cryogenic apparatus 21 and the The mixture is compressed in a compressor 22 to form a gaseous fuel 20.
• the synthesis gas portion 12 may be mixed with the gaseous fuel 20.
• synthesis gas 1 is no longer produced or is produced in a reduced quantity, below a threshold, at least the following three gases are recycled and downstream from the source of the synthesis gas and optionally upstream of the compressor 3:
• the percentages of the recycled gases differ little to reconstitute the synthesis gas by mixing the different products 45, 51, 14.
• a liquid carbon monoxide capacity 24 can be used within the distillation apparatus 21 and / or a carbon monoxide gas capacity 38 fed from the compressor 33 through line 36 to provide the missing carbon monoxide.
• the liquid of the storage 24 is vaporized in the vaporizer 25.
• valve 40 will be opened to supply carbon monoxide from storage 38 to the customer if synthesis gas 1 is missing.
• recycling is carried out in the following manner.
• a first step the flow of synthesis gas falls below a threshold or stops.
• the synthesis gas is recycled from the storage 8 (or the pipe downstream of the compressor 3 if its volume and pressure allow it) upstream of the compressor 3.
• This gas 2 can be natural gas from a pipe or a synthesis gas from another source.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
• Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
• Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)

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• 2016
  • 2016-07-25 FR FR1657108A patent/FR3054216B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2016-10-28 SG SG11201803622YA patent/SG11201803622YA/en unknown
  • 2016-10-28 US US15/772,280 patent/US10890376B2/en active Active
  • 2016-10-28 CN CN201680072727.8A patent/CN108474614B/zh active Active
  • 2016-10-28 WO PCT/FR2016/052809 patent/WO2017072462A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2016-10-28 EP EP16809945.5A patent/EP3368846A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2017
  • 2017-07-06 WO PCT/FR2017/051841 patent/WO2018020095A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2017-07-06 CN CN201780045064.5A patent/CN109477683B/zh active Active
  • 2017-07-06 EP EP17745841.1A patent/EP3488165B1/de active Active
  • 2017-07-06 US US16/320,663 patent/US20190154332A1/en not_active Abandoned

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