EP3207993A1 - Hammerwerkzeuganordnung, hammermühlenrotor, hammermühle und verwendung einer hammerwerkzeuganordnung - Google Patents

Hammerwerkzeuganordnung, hammermühlenrotor, hammermühle und verwendung einer hammerwerkzeuganordnung Download PDF

Info

Publication number: EP3207993A1
Authority: EP; European Patent Office
Prior art keywords: hammer; tool assembly; blade; blades; slot
Prior art date: 2016-02-22
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Granted

Application number

EP16156705.2A

Other languages

English (en)

French (fr)

Other versions

EP3207993B1 (de

Inventor

Bo LINDSTRÖM

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

SSAB Technology AB

Original Assignee

SSAB Technology AB

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

2016-02-22

Filing date

2016-02-22

Publication date

2017-08-23

2016-02-22 Application filed by SSAB Technology AB filed Critical SSAB Technology AB

2016-02-22 Priority to EP16156705.2A priority Critical patent/EP3207993B1/de

2017-02-15 Priority to PCT/EP2017/053382 priority patent/WO2017144321A1/en

2017-08-23 Publication of EP3207993A1 publication Critical patent/EP3207993A1/de

2019-05-08 Application granted granted Critical

2019-05-08 Publication of EP3207993B1 publication Critical patent/EP3207993B1/de

Status Active legal-status Critical Current

2036-02-22 Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
- B02C13/04—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters hinged to the rotor; Hammer mills
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements
- B02C2013/2808—Shape or construction of beater elements the beater elements are attached to disks mounted on a shaft

Definitions

Embodiments herein relate to a hammer tool assembly. Embodiments herein further relate to a hammer mill rotor, a hammer mill and to use of a hammer tool assembly for crushing, separation and/or delamination of compound materials in a hammer mill.
Impact crushers or hammer mills are used in a variety of different technical fields such as, for example, separation and delamination of compound materials.
Compound materials include compounds of metal, different metals, metals and plastic, different plastics or mineral compounds. Because the physical properties of the individual components of the compounds are different, such compound particles are separated in impact crushers or hammer mills in which different materials deform unequally elastically and unequally plastically and thereby separate.
Typical compound materials that are processed in impact crusher or hammer mills are electronic waste and shredder waste, shredder light fractions and automotive shredder from car recycling.
the hammer mill may also be used for crushing e.g. stone, limestone, minerals, concrete and various other products and/or materials.
the use of hammer mills in this area is associated with enormous wear of hammer tool assemblies therein and the hammer tool assemblies or parts thereof may therefore be replaceable.
the hammer mill may comprise a rotor with a number of hammer shafts.
the hammer mill assemblies may be mounted on the hammer shaft and brought to rotate / pivot by the rotor.
Some hammer mills have hammer blades which are mounted across the effective range of the rotor shaft. Often, the hammer blade is designed as a reversible hammer blade and can thus be reversed by 180 degrees after wear out of one side. With the abrasion the hammer blade not only becomes thinner but also the radial distance of the hammer blades decreases. If the hammer blade wears out at the outer edge, the gap between the hammer blade and crusher walls increases and the efficiency of the mill is reduced.
the material portion of the hammer tool assemblies which is available for abrasion must be kept low. In some applications only 10 to 40% of the volume of the hammer tool assemblies is available for abrasion. Hence, the hammer tool assemblies and hammer blades have to be reversed and replaced at relatively short intervals. This in turn entails that the overall production cost increases.
Embodiments herein aim to provide a hammer tool assembly for hammering objects fed into a hammer mill, wherein the hammer tool assembly is arranged to be mounted on a hammer shaft of the hammer mill.
the hammer tool assembly comprises;
the locking arrangement is arranged to be fitted into the first and second through slots, wherein the longitudinal direction of the body is arranged to intersect with the first and second main extension planes and wherein at least a part of the first hammer blade and at least a part of the second hammer are arranged to be interposed between the first protuberance and the second protuberance.
the locking arrangement is arranged to be fitted into the first and second through slots and at least a part of the first hammer blade and at least a part of the second hammer are arranged to be interposed between the first protuberance and the second protuberance the hammer tool assembly becomes very robust and reliable.
the protuberances firmly keep the hammer blades together when the hammer tool assembly is rotated / pivoted. Hereby the hammer blades are kept in an assembled state without need for soldering, welding or similar.
the hammer blades or hammer blades according to embodiments herein may be relatively thin, such as having a thickness of maximum 90 mm or preferably maximum 70 mm each. In some embodiments the hammer blades are about 60-65 mm thick. They may be made of relatively hard material, such as a material manufactured and sold under the name Hardox 600®, Hardox 550® or Hardox 450®. The Hardness may e.g. be measured according to the Brinell scale. Such Hardox plates may have a hardness of about 600, 550, and 450 HBW respectively. (H from hardness, B from brinell and W from the material of the indenter, tungsten (wolfram) carbide). Other kind of hammer blades than in the above example may be used.
the hammer blades have a hardness of at least 450 HBW, preferably at least 500 HBW, more preferably at least 550 HBW.
Thin and hard hammer blades may be difficult to permanently attach to each other. If welded together, weld joints or weld seam will typically be arranged at a periphery of the hammer blades. Such joints will relatively fast be worn down since the plates are first worn at its periphery. Hard hammer blades / plates may be difficult to weld together since they may need to be pre-heated before welding for avoidance of hydrogen cracks in the material. It is a cumbersome process and stainless electrodes may have to be used. In addition, welding may cause fatigue.
the hammer tool assembly according to embodiments herein provides several advantages over prior art hammer tools.
the hammer tool assembly according to embodiments herein may have laminar structure in that at least two relatively thin hammer blades are arranged to move in synchrony, which, for example, entails that the individual hammer blades may have different thicknesses, or can be made of different materials, or have different shapes.
a hammer blade which is deformed or more worn than an adjacent hammer blade can easily be replaced.
the hammer blades according to embodiments described herein can be made of a harder and more durable material than conventional hammer tools, which often are made of steel such as Manganese steel. Thereby, the hammer blades according to embodiments herein can be made significantly thinner than conventional hammers.
At least a part of the first hammer blade and “at least a part” of the second hammer means that not the entire thicknesses of the hammer blades need to be interposed between the protrusions.
Outer surfaces of the first and second hammer blades may comprise one or more recesses or chamfered portions.
an outer or distal portion of the first protrusion does not protrude out from the outer surface of the first hammer blade.
An outer or distal portion of the second protrusion does not protrude out from the outer surface of the second hammer blade. Accordingly, a length of the locking arrangement in the longitudinal direction does not exceed a combined or total thickness of the hammer blades.
a length of the locking arrangement in the longitudinal direction is smaller than a total thickness of the hammer blades.
a risk that surrounding objects will be hit by parts protruding out from the outer surfaces of the first and second hammer blades is decreased.
a number of hammer tool assemblies may be arranged adjacent to each other on a hammer shaft.
the protuberances are arranged to exert a force on the first and second hammer blades, thereby pressing the first and second hammer blades towards each other. Herby a risk that objects get stuck between the hammer blades is decreased. This, in turn, decreases tension in the plates and decreases a risk of cracks and wash-outs.
the first through slot extends from the first through hole towards a periphery of the first hammer blade and the second through slot extends from the second through hole towards a periphery of the second hammer blade.
Integrated or combined through slots and through holes provides for cost-efficient production, facilitated manufacturing and easy assembling of the hammer tool assembly.
the locking arrangement may, at least to some extent, be allowed to move slightly within the through slots along an extension of the slot.
An integrated or combined through slot and through hole may be referred to as a through opening.
the first hammer blade is arranged to be assembled adjacent to the second hammer blade.
the first and second hammer blades may be positioned next to each other such that the first main extension plane and the second main extension plane are arranged substantially in parallel with each other in the assembled state.
the first and second hammer blades may thus together form the hammer tool assembly together with the locking arrangement.
the first and second hammer blades are the sole hammer blades in the hammer tool assembly.
a thickness of the first and second hammer blades may be e.g. in the range of about 50-70 mm respectively.
the hammer tool assembly comprises a third hammer blade with a third main extension plane, a third through hole and a third through slot, the third hammer blade being interposed between the first hammer blade and the second hammer blade.
the hammer tool assembly is formed by three blades, arranged substantially in parallel to each other.
a thickness of the first, second and third hammer blades may be e.g. in the range of 30-50 mm respectively.
the hammer blades may all have substantially same thickness or may have different thicknesses.
a total thickness of the hammer tool assembly does not exceed 150 mm, or does not exceed 200 mm.
At least one of the first through slot and the second through slot comprises at least one tapered surface.
a protuberance of the locking arrangement may be arranged to press against the tapered surface, thereby pushing the hammer blades towards each other.
At least one of the first protuberance and the second protuberance comprises at least one tapered portion.
the tapered portion may be arranged to press against the first and/or second hammer blades, thereby pushing the hammer blades towards each other.
At least one tapered portion of the at least one protuberance is arranged to be pressed towards the at least one tapered surface of at least one of the first through slot and the second through slot when the hammer tool assembly is in an assembled state.
the hammer blades are pressed towards each other.
the hammer tool assembly is rotated around the hammer shaft the hammer blades are pressed towards each other with even greater force due to centrifugal / centripetal forces.
the locking arrangement comprises a plurality of locking parts which are arranged to be fitted into the through slots of the hammer blades.
hammer blades of different sizes and / or shapes may easily be kept together by the plurality of locking parts.
the number of locking parts may depend on an extension of the slot.
the locking arrangement is shaped as a spool.
the locking arrangement may have a shape which is substantially complementary to the through slots and hammer blades.
the through slot is spatially separated from the through hole in at least some of the hammer blades. This may facilitate assembling in some applications.
the at least one locking arrangement can be pivotal around its longitudinal direction relatively at least some of the hammer blades when mounted in the through slots in some embodiments.
the hammer tool assembly may be assembled by relative rotation of the blades and the locking arrangement.
the locking arrangement and the hammer blades together form a bayonet coupling.
Embodiments herein also aim to provide an improved hammer mill rotor.
a hammer mill rotor comprising a rotor shaft and at least one hammer shaft.
the hammer mill rotor comprises a plurality of hammer mill assemblies according to embodiments described herein, pivotally mounted on the at least one hammer shaft.
a rotor which is easy assembled and/or dissembled is achieved.
Embodiments herein also aim to provide an improved hammer mill. According to an embodiment, this is provided by a hammer mill, wherein the hammer mill comprises at least one hammer mill rotor according embodiments described herein. Hereby a durable and reliable hammer mill is achieved.
Embodiments herein also aim to provide improved use of a hammer mill. According to an embodiment, this is provided by use of a hammer tool assembly according to embodiments described herein for crushing, separation and/or delamination of compound materials in a hammer mill.
a hammer blade 1 according to some embodiments is illustrated.
the hammer blade 1 has a main extension plane P, i.e. the dimensions of the hammer blade 1 is much larger in the plane P than in other directions.
the hammer blade 1 comprises a through hole 3.
the through hole 3 is arranged to receive a hammer shaft of a hammer mill rotor.
the hammer blade 1 can be mounted on a hammer shaft via the through hole 3.
the hammer blade 1 also comprises a through slot 5.
the through slot 5 is arranged to receive a locking arrangement. Such locking arrangement is further discussed in conjunction with e.g. Figs. 3 and 4 .
the trough hole 3 may have a different shape compared to the through slot 5.
the hammer blade 1 has a first extension in a height direction, indicated by axis H and a second extension in a width direction, indicated by axis W in Fig. 1 .
the through slot 5 can extend from the through hole 3 towards a periphery of the hammer blade 1.
the through slot extends substantially in parallel with the height axis H.
the hammer blade 1 has a thickness in a direction perpendicular to axis W and axis H.
the through slot 5 comprises at least one tapered surface 7.
the material of the hammer blade 1 which the through slot 5 is formed of comprises the at least one tapered surface 7.
the through slot 5 and the tapered surface can e.g. be U-shaped.
the through holes may comprise one or more tapered surfaces.
the hammer blade can for example be made of a material manufactured and sold under the name Hardox 550® or Hardox 450®.
Other examples of materials suitable for the hammer blades include Hardox 600®, Hardox 450® or Toolox 44®. In connection to this, it is empathized that these materials are only exemplary and the mentioned of exemplary material is non-exhaustive.
the hammer blades may be made e.g. of hardened steel, quenched steel, carbon steel, martensite hardened steel or the like.
Fig. 3 illustrates a locking arrangement 11 according to some embodiments.
the locking arrangement comprises a body 13, a first protuberance 15 and a second protuberance 17.
the first and second protuberances 15, 17 extends out from a longitudinal direction L of the body 13.
the locking arrangement 11 may be shaped as a spool or similar. In the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 3 the locking arrangement 11 is symmetric with regards to the longitudinal direction L. Radiuses of the protuberances 15, 17 exceed a radius of the body 13.
the locking arrangement 11 may comprise one or more tapered portions 18, for example at the protrusions 15, 17.
the longitudinal direction L represent only a spatial orientation, the locking arrangement 11 does not have to be longer in this direction than in other directions.
the locking arrangement 11 may be casted.
the locking arrangement 11 is made of a turn out rod made of Hardox 400 ® or any other suitable material.
the locking arrangement 11 comprises a first locking part 11 a and a second locking part 11b.
the first locking part 11a may be substantially shaped as a cuboid with protrusions 15, 17.
the second locking part 11 b may e.g. be shaped as a half-spool with protrusions 15, 17.
the first and/or the second locking parts may comprise one or more tapered portions 18.
a hammer tool assembly 50 according to some embodiments is illustrated.
the hammer tool assembly 50 is arranged to be mounted on a hammer shaft of the hammer mill.
the hammer tool assembly 50 comprises the locking arrangement 11 with its body 13, a first protuberance 15 and a second protuberance (not shown).
the first and second protuberances extends out from the longitudinal direction L of the body 13.
the hammer tool assembly 50 comprises a first hammer blade 1a comprising a first main extension plane Pa, a first through hole 3a, arranged to receive the hammer shaft and a first through slot 5a, arranged to receive the locking arrangement 11.
the hammer tool assembly 50 also comprises a second hammer blade 1b with a second main extension plane Pb, a second through hole 3b, arranged to receive the hammer shaft and a second through slot 5b, arranged to receive the locking arrangement 11.
the locking arrangement 11 is arranged to be fitted into the first and second through slots 5a, 5b.
the longitudinal direction L of the body 13 is arranged to intersect with the first and second main extension planes Pa, Pb.
the longitudinal direction L of the body 13 may be substantially perpendicular to the first and second main extension planes Pa, Pb.
the first and second main extension planes Pa, Pb may be parallel to each other.
At least a part of the first hammer blade 1 a and at least a part of the second hammer blade 1 b are arranged to be interposed between the first protuberance 15 and the second protuberance.
the protuberances are arranged to exert a force on the first and second hammer blades 1 a, 1 b in order to press them towards each other.
At least one tapered portion 18 of the at least one protuberance 15 is arranged to be pressed towards the at least one tapered surface 7 of the first through slot 5a when the hammer tool assembly 50 is in an assembled state.
the locking arrangement 11 thus interconnects the hammer blades 1 a, 1 b and releasable locks the hammer blades 1 a, 1 b in relation to each other when interconnected.
the hammer tool assembly 11 comprises one or more intermediate hammer blades interposed between the first hammer blade and the second hammer blade.
1-4 hammer blades may be interposed between the first hammer blade and the second hammer blade.
the hammer blade 1 in Fig. 2 is interposed between two outer hammer blades it may be referred to as a third hammer blade 1c with a third main extension plane Pc, a third through hole 3c and a third through slot 5c.
the hammer blades 1 a, 1 b, 1 c of the hammer tool assembly 50 is prevented from pivoting or rotating individually when mounted on the hammer shaft since they are locked to each other by means of the locking arrangement and, thus, the hammer blades 1 a and 1 b function in operation as one unit.
hammer tool assemblies 11 During a milling process relative positions of hammer tool assemblies 11 or blades thereof may be altered. Relatively worn hammer mill assemblies can be placed at a position on a hammer shaft where less wear and forces are expected. Hammer tool assemblies 11 according to embodiments herein allows for quick and easy position changes. Further, since the hammer blades are not permanently attached to each other, a single hammer blade of a pair of hammer blades may be replaced or removed.
a hammer tool assembly 50 according to some embodiments is illustrated.
the hammer tool assembly 50 generally resembles the embodiments depicted in Figs. 5-6 , but comprises a plurality of locking parts 11 a, 11 b, 11c .
the locking parts 11 a, 11 b, 11c are arranged to be fitted into the through slots of the hammer blades.
Figs 5-6 also the first hammer blade 1a, the second hammer blade 1b, the first trough slot 5a, the first and second through holes 3a, 3b are illustrated.
the hammer tool assembly 50 can be assembled by the following steps;
a schematic hammer shaft 30 is illustrated. If a plurality of locking parts 11 a, 11b and 11 c is used they may be arranged to, at least to some extent, fill up the through slots, as depicted in Fig. 7 . Hereby tight and secure locking is achieved.
Fig. 9 an alternative embodiments is depicted.
the through slot 5 is spatially separated from the through hole 3 in at least some of the hammer blades 1.
the locking arrangement 11 is arranged to be inserted directly into the through slots 5.
the locking arrangement 11 is then rotated relatively the blades 1 such that protrusions 15 of the locking arrangement 11 will press against an outer surface of the first and second hammer blade respectively.
the plates are kept together in a safe and reliable manner.
Fig. 10 schematically illustrates a hammer mill 100 with a hammer mill rotor 60.
the hammer mill rotor 60 comprises a plurality of hammer mill assemblies 50 according embodiments described herein.
Each hammer mill assembly 50 is pivotally mounted on a hammer shaft 30.
Each hammer tool assembly 50 is arranged to be mounted on a hammer shaft 30 of the hammer mill rotor 60.
the hammer shaft 30 extends in a direction being substantially parallel to a rotor shaft 40 of said rotor 60.
Each hammer tool assembly 50 is pivotally arranged around the respective hammer shaft 30 when mounted.
the rotor 60 may include the rotor shaft 40, a plurality of hammer shafts 30 for receiving replaceable hammer tool assemblies 50 and a plurality of replaceable hammer tool assemblies 50 mountably attached to the hammer shafts 30.
Each hammer tool assembly 50 is, when mounted at a hammer shaft 30, pivotable around the hammer shaft 30.
the hammer tool assembly 50 comprises at least two hammer blades each including a hammer shaft through hole for mounting on the hammer shaft 30. At least two hammer blades are arranged to be placed adjacent to each other when mounted on the hammer shaft 30.
the hammer tool assembly 50 and the rotor 60 according to embodiments herein can be used in a hammer mill or impact crusher, for example, a conventional hammer mill or conventional impact crusher.
the rotor 60 is via the rotor shaft 40 connected to a drive motor (not shown) for driving the rotor shaft 40.
the hammer mill 100 may also comprise walls for guiding objects towards the hammer mill rotor 60 and a grating or similar below the rotor 60.
the hammer blades 1 can be designed as a reversible hammer blade and can thus be reversed by 180 degrees after a wear-out of one side. With the abrasion the blade not only becomes thinner but also a radial distance of the hammer blades 1 decreases. If the hammer blade 1 wears out at the outer edge, the gap between the hammer blade and a crusher walls increases and the efficiency of the hammer mill 100 may be reduced.

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Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Food Science & Technology (AREA)
Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)

EP16156705.2A 2016-02-22 2016-02-22 Hammerwerkzeuganordnung, hammermühlenrotor, hammermühle und verwendung einer hammerwerkzeuganordnung Active EP3207993B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
EP16156705.2A EP3207993B1 (de)	2016-02-22	2016-02-22	Hammerwerkzeuganordnung, hammermühlenrotor, hammermühle und verwendung einer hammerwerkzeuganordnung
PCT/EP2017/053382 WO2017144321A1 (en)	2016-02-22	2017-02-15	Hammer tool assembly, hammer mill rotor, hammer mill and use of a hammer tool assembly

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
EP16156705.2A EP3207993B1 (de)	2016-02-22	2016-02-22	Hammerwerkzeuganordnung, hammermühlenrotor, hammermühle und verwendung einer hammerwerkzeuganordnung

Publications (2)

Publication Number	Publication Date
EP3207993A1 true EP3207993A1 (de)	2017-08-23
EP3207993B1 EP3207993B1 (de)	2019-05-08

Family

ID=55405229

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
EP16156705.2A Active EP3207993B1 (de)	2016-02-22	2016-02-22	Hammerwerkzeuganordnung, hammermühlenrotor, hammermühle und verwendung einer hammerwerkzeuganordnung

Country Status (2)

Country	Link
EP (1)	EP3207993B1 (de)
WO (1)	WO2017144321A1 (de)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US1785435A (en) *	1930-01-21	1930-12-16	Papec Machine Company	Pulverizing mill
US1940116A (en) *	1931-06-29	1933-12-19	Superior Portland Cement Inc	Rotary hammer
DE4343801A1 (de) *	1993-12-22	1995-06-29	Lindemann Maschfab Gmbh	Zerkleinerungsmaschine mit Rotor
US20100213301A1 (en) *	2009-02-26	2010-08-26	Esco Corporation	Shredder Hammers Including Improved Engagement Between the Hammer Pin and the Hammer
US20120205476A1 (en) *	2011-02-15	2012-08-16	Southwest Mill Supply Company	Bushing and spacer system for hammer mills

2016
- 2016-02-22 EP EP16156705.2A patent/EP3207993B1/de active Active
2017
- 2017-02-15 WO PCT/EP2017/053382 patent/WO2017144321A1/en not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US1785435A (en) *	1930-01-21	1930-12-16	Papec Machine Company	Pulverizing mill
US1940116A (en) *	1931-06-29	1933-12-19	Superior Portland Cement Inc	Rotary hammer
DE4343801A1 (de) *	1993-12-22	1995-06-29	Lindemann Maschfab Gmbh	Zerkleinerungsmaschine mit Rotor
US20100213301A1 (en) *	2009-02-26	2010-08-26	Esco Corporation	Shredder Hammers Including Improved Engagement Between the Hammer Pin and the Hammer
US20120205476A1 (en) *	2011-02-15	2012-08-16	Southwest Mill Supply Company	Bushing and spacer system for hammer mills

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
WO2017144321A1 (en)	2017-08-31
EP3207993B1 (de)	2019-05-08

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