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EP3296633B1 - Dispositif de traitement thermique de déchets circulant en continu - Google Patents

Dispositif de traitement thermique de déchets circulant en continu Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3296633B1
EP3296633B1 EP16189520.6A EP16189520A EP3296633B1 EP 3296633 B1 EP3296633 B1 EP 3296633B1 EP 16189520 A EP16189520 A EP 16189520A EP 3296633 B1 EP3296633 B1 EP 3296633B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reaction chamber
plant
wall
primary reaction
waste products
Prior art date
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EP16189520.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3296633A1 (fr
Inventor
Bernhard Grimm
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to EP16189520.6A priority Critical patent/EP3296633B1/fr
Priority to PL16189520T priority patent/PL3296633T3/pl
Priority to ES16189520T priority patent/ES2716651T3/es
Priority to PCT/EP2017/067741 priority patent/WO2018050312A1/fr
Publication of EP3296633A1 publication Critical patent/EP3296633A1/fr
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Publication of EP3296633B1 publication Critical patent/EP3296633B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F23G5/0273—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage using indirect heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/10—Drying by heat
    • F23G2201/101—Drying by heat using indirect heat transfer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
    • F23G2206/10—Waste heat recuperation reintroducing the heat in the same process, e.g. for predrying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/50004—Furnace with inclined hearth
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M2700/00—Constructional details of combustion chambers
    • F23M2700/005—Structures of combustion chambers or smoke ducts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plant for the thermal treatment of continuously passing waste products according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • waste products In industrial countries, based on legally regulated framework conditions, the problem arises that waste products must be disposed of in an environmentally sound manner. For the purpose of reducing the volume of waste products, while at the same time economically and environmentally friendly, especially with regard to the energy contained and usable in the waste products, the thermal treatment of these products is becoming increasingly popular. So only the volume reduced residual amounts of waste products need to be further utilized or landfilled, which is associated with significantly reduced costs.
  • the fixed bed furnace is characterized by a refractory lining of the combustion chamber, so that a complete combustion of the waste products is possible.
  • the fixed bed furnace is limited in the size of the waste products to be incinerated and requires a treatment of these, since the waste products can be accumulated only in a limited amount to ensure complete combustion. This is due to the fact that oxygen required for the combustion can be fed into the combustion process only through openings arranged laterally of the fixed bed furnace, but not through the furnace bed itself.
  • grate firing it is not necessary to process the delivered waste products, as oxygen can also be supplied to the combustion process from below.
  • the system should be inexpensive to produce, not susceptible to interference and low maintenance, as well as the residue-free thermal treatment of waste products, especially of contaminated and / or toxic waste products allow.
  • Another aspect is that the system allows virtually no further monitoring a partial or fully automatic loading, monitoring and / or disposal, and regulation and / or control of imported waste products.
  • the invention has therefore set itself the task of providing a system for the thermal treatment of continuously passing waste products to overcome the difficulties mentioned above and above all the cost of operation, as well as repair, maintenance and / or failure costs low hold.
  • a plant for thermal treatment, in particular for pyrolysis, gasification and / or combustion, of continuously passing waste products comprising an elongated, horizontally oriented primary reaction chamber with a reaction bed and at least one rotary driver.
  • the primary reaction chamber in this case has on one wall a closable feed opening for a feed of the waste products and on the wall a closable discharge opening for a discharge of the reaction residues.
  • the reaction bed is closed in its entire surface and formed free of openings, the Reaction bed reaches a highest point and a lowest point.
  • the area between them is inclined and / or stepped.
  • the rotary driver is aligned transversely to the longitudinal axis of the primary reaction chamber and rotatably mounted, wherein the rotational circle of the rotary driver is spaced from the surface of the reaction bed.
  • the wall of the primary reaction chamber is completely or partially heated.
  • the plant is characterized in that it comprises a secondary reaction chamber, which is located downstream of the primary reaction chamber in the region of the discharge opening.
  • the plant according to the invention is based on the basic idea that the individual phases of a thermal treatment, that is to say the heating, drying, volatilization, gasification and / or burning of the waste products, take place separately and in a controlled manner in the plant.
  • the thermal treatment begins with the feed of the plant with the waste products via a closable feed opening on a wall of the primary reaction chamber, so that the waste products then rest on the highest point of the reaction bed. Directly after the feed, the heating and drying of the waste products takes place, whereby they move continuously in the direction of the lowest point of the reaction bed on its surface.
  • the continuous movement takes place due to gravity and can be supported by rotation of the rotary driver, wherein the waste products located in the rotary circuit of the rotary driver are moved during its rotational movement on the surface of the reaction bed.
  • the rotational movement of the rotary driver leads to an optimal mixing and / or loosening of the waste products, which preferably fully or semi-automatically runs, and / or, depending on the nature of the corresponding thermal treatment, leads to an increase in the contacts of the waste products with the oxidizing agent.
  • the expulsion of the volatile gas constituents from the waste products follows, the solid constituents of which are subsequently gasified, that is to say broken down into gaseous products, and / or incinerated.
  • the remaining after pyrolysis, gasification and / or combustion reaction residues can be discharged through the discharge opening on the wall of the primary reaction chamber.
  • a secondary reaction chamber is included, which is located downstream of the primary reaction chamber in the region of the discharge opening.
  • reaction residues refers, for example, to ash, slag and / or a mixture thereof, the exact composition and / or properties of which depend on various conditions, such as the composition of the waste products, the type of thermal treatment, the residence time in the primary reaction chamber and / or or the process conditions.
  • ash is understood as meaning a solid residue from the thermal treatment of the waste products, which is preferably present as a free-flowing solid, as a fine-grained and / or pulverulent product, as an agglomerate and / or as granules.
  • the ash is preferably a substantially pure ash which no longer contains any gasifiable and / or combustible constituents.
  • slag is meant a mixture of molten and re-solidified constituents of the waste products and / or other higher-melting solid constituents which may include non-thermally treated waste products and / or the ash. Slag is formed even at relatively low temperatures, especially from the modern composite materials with the aluminum components contained therein. The resulting solids are problematic because they can cause accelerated wear and / or an early maintenance-related shutdown of the system.
  • the system is suitable for the continuous thermal treatment of a mixture of various waste products, without requiring pre-sorting, comminution, mixing and / or loosening of the waste products.
  • presorting, crushing, mixing and / or loosening of the waste products has an advantageous effect on the process flow of the thermal treatment.
  • the waste products may be different in calorific content, texture, size and / or type of material. So it is intended that the system is continuously fed with waste products, and it is irrelevant in the current thermal treatment process, whether the material to be treated remains the same or changes.
  • any, preferably organic, waste product is conceivable, such as scrap tires, plastics, paper, wood, green plants, biomass, agricultural and forestry cases, residual waste, rubble, sewage sludge, such as industrial and / or municipal sewage sludge, residues from the oil industry, medical Waste, contaminated waste and / or mixed waste.
  • thermal treatment is meant a thermally activated material conversion, conversion and / or incineration of waste products by pyrolysis, gasification and / or incineration.
  • the thermal treatment of the waste products is carried out to a substantially pure ash, which is inert and contains no more combustible ingredients.
  • pyrolysis refers to a thermo-chemical cleavage of organic compounds, wherein high temperatures induce a bond break within large molecules into smaller ones.
  • the pyrolysis preferably proceeds under the action of high temperatures and without additionally supplied oxygen. It is understandable that in oxidation-containing waste products, for example in wood with an oxygen content of about 44 mass percent, in addition oxidation reactions are involved in the decomposition processes.
  • gasification refers to a chemical-physical process in which a part of a solid and / or a fluid is converted into a chemically modified, gaseous end product. This leads to a splitting and / or rearrangement of existing chemical compounds by cracking, pyrolysis, reduction and / or partial oxidation.
  • the gasification is preferably carried out under the action of high temperatures, optionally under a low-oxidant atmosphere.
  • the term "burning" refers to a redox reaction that proceeds with the release of energy, for example in the form of heat and / or light, ie exothermic.
  • oxidizing agent any oxidizing agent is conceivable, such as, for example, oxygen, fluorine and / or an oxygen-containing gas mixture, such as process exhaust air, flue gas and / or ambient air.
  • high temperature refers to a range of about 200 ° C to about 1300 ° C, with pyrolysis and / or gasification usually in a temperature range of about 400 ° C to about 900 ° C and combustion usually in a temperature range of about 850 ° C to about 1100 ° C, a maximum of 1300 ° C, expires.
  • the system has an elongated, horizontally oriented primary reaction chamber, which has on the wall a closable feed opening for the feed with the waste products and on the wall a closable discharge opening for the discharge of the reaction residues.
  • the term "wall" is understood to mean any wall of the primary reaction chamber, such as a side wall, the front side, the back, the top or the bottom.
  • the charging opening and the discharge opening are in the same wall or in differing walls.
  • the system is set up for manual, semi-automatic and / or fully automatic loading, monitoring and / or discharge.
  • the primary reaction chamber therefore preferably comprises at least one opening for measurements, for example for temperature measurement, for pressure measurement and / or for measuring the oxygen concentration.
  • a supply according to requirements of the gasification and / or combustion process with an oxidizing agent is also conceivable by the feed opening and / or the discharge opening are not and / or not hermetically sealed. Furthermore, it is conceivable during the loading of the waste products and / or the discharge of the reaction residues, that is to say via the feed opening and / or the discharge opening, to prevent or prevent the feeding of an oxidizing agent into the primary reaction chamber. This is particularly important in a thermal treatment in which the supply of an oxidizing agent as interfering with the reaction process, such as pyrolysis and / or gasification, important. For pyrolysis, it is important that the feed opening and / or the discharge opening are closed, preferably hermetically sealed.
  • the wall of the primary reaction chamber in which the individual phases of the thermal treatment of the waste products are partially or completely drained, is completely or partially heatable.
  • any heating is conceivable, for example by means of a suitable medium and / or a unit, such as a media-flown heating coil and / or an electrical resistance heater.
  • the wall is isolatable, for example by means of a suitable agent.
  • the fully or partially heatable wall of the primary reaction chamber offers many advantages; This ensures, for example, a uniform heating of the wall of the primary reaction chamber.
  • any thermal and / or cold bridges are constructively to avoid, as can form deposits and / or caking especially on the resulting cold zones.
  • the avoidance of deposits and / or caking is very important because they lead to premature maintenance-related downtime of the system can.
  • the plant in particular the primary reaction chamber, a reaction bed, which is closed in its entire surface and formed free of openings.
  • the reaction bed completely or only partially covers the bottom of the primary reaction chamber.
  • the bottom of the reaction bed is preferably closed in its entire surface and formed free of openings.
  • the reaction bed also comprises a protective layer of reaction residues, such as ash, slag and / or a mixture thereof, which builds up and maintains independently and as a result of the continuous thermal treatment on the bottom of the reaction bed.
  • the thickness of the protective layer is dependent, for example, on the flow and / or flow properties of the waste products or the reaction residues, the spacing of the rotary driver and / or the type of thermal treatment.
  • the reaction bed reaches a highest point and a lowest point. It is conceivable, for example, that the highest point at a first end of the reaction bed and the lowest point at a second end of the reaction bed can be reached, which preferably lies opposite the first end.
  • the area in between, that is between the highest and the lowest point of the reaction bed, is inclined and / or stepped.
  • the slope of the surface or the number of stages is dependent on the material and / or flow properties of the waste products to be treated. For example, it is conceivable that the surface is steep or flat, as well as evenly or unevenly inclined. It is also conceivable that the surface is designed as a staircase with at least one step, preferably with two, three, four, five or six stages.
  • the system in particular the primary reaction chamber, has at least one rotary driver, which is oriented transversely to the longitudinal axis of the primary reaction chamber and rotatably mounted.
  • the rotational circle of the rotary driver is spaced from the surface of the reaction bed.
  • the turning circle is spaced such that the protective layer covered by the reaction bed is maintained.
  • the rotary driver comprises a Drehmit instructionalwelle and connected to the shaft paddle.
  • the rotary driver comprises two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten or more paddles connected to the shaft which are rotatable simultaneously and / or independently of one another.
  • Such a configuration is particularly useful when the revolutions of the rotary drivers mesh, because thereby the transport, the mixing, the loosening, the prevention of clogging and / or increasing the contacts of the waste products are improved with the oxidizing agent. At the same time a lateral mixing movement is achievable.
  • the cross section of the rotary driver and / or the paddle completely covers the primary reaction chamber, so that the thermally treated waste products, with the exception of the protective layer covered by the reaction bed, are always transported completely and thoroughly.
  • the rotary driver is designed in such a way that it preferably has only one or a small number of paddles which, depending on the position of the rotational driver, dip into the waste products or stand outside the latter. In this way, it is achievable that the residence time of the continuously passing waste products by the gravity, the rotational speed, the direction of rotation and / or the rotation intervals of the rotational driver on the surface depending on the waste products, the total length of the primary reaction chamber and / or plant, the inclination the surface, the desired degree of purity of the reaction residues and / or other conditions is adaptable.
  • a secondary reaction chamber is included, which is located downstream of the primary reaction chamber in the region of the discharge opening.
  • This offers the advantage that the gas emerging from the waste products during the pyrolysis and / or the gasification or the incompletely burned reaction residues are incinerated or post-combusted in the secondary reaction chamber.
  • the heat produced during the combustion of the exhaust gas for heating the wall of the primary Reaction chamber usable for example by being introduced directly and / or after a cleaning treatment in the intermediate space and / or by the heat contained in the exhaust gas is removed by means of a heat exchanger and then introduced. This offers the advantage that almost no additional energy for carrying out the thermal treatment and thus for the operation of the system must be supplied from the outside.
  • the thermal treatment of continuously passing waste products of different material type, nature and / or size takes place in the primary reaction chamber, the system is low in operation, as well as trouble-free and low maintenance due to the inventive design.
  • Another advantage is that the plant enables the complete thermal decomposition of the waste products, so that the plant is also suitable for contaminated and / or toxic waste products.
  • the wall is completely or partially double-walled with an inner wall and an outer wall, which are spaced apart from each other and wherein a space formed between the inner and the outer wall with a medium and / or a Unit is heated.
  • a complete double-walled design of the wall of the primary reaction chamber or a partially double-walled configuration of this is conceivable, in particular up to the expected and / or calculated height of the waste products within the primary reaction chamber.
  • the heating is preferably carried out indirectly with any suitable medium, such as process exhaust air, flue gas, hot water, steam, oil and / or a mixture thereof, and / or with any suitable unit, such as a media-flown heating coil and / or an electrical resistance heater.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that the heating of the intermediate space is very efficient and leads to an even faster heating of the primary reaction chamber in order to meet the process conditions according to the requirements for the corresponding types of thermal treatment. It is possible to save costs significantly. Further preferably, it is conceivable that the inner and the outer wall are aligned parallel to each other. This proves to be advantageous since the production and / or construction of such a double-walled wall of the primary reaction chamber proceeds using substantially straight components and is therefore very much simplified. Thus, significant cost savings.
  • the burner refers to a device which is suitable for starting the process of thermal treatment, preferably by conversion of chemical energy into thermal energy.
  • the burner is for a gaseous additional fuel, such as propane, butane and / or natural gas, for a liquid auxiliary fuel, such as gasoline, diesel fuel, fuel oil, kerosene, solvents, waste oil and / or petroleum, and / or for a solid additional fuel, such as coal dust, suitable.
  • the burner starts the process of thermal treatment very quickly and / or serves to secure a minimum temperature in the primary reaction chamber, which is essential for ensuring a reliable and / or complete thermal treatment of the waste products.
  • the primary reaction chamber has a rectangular or rectangular cross-section. This proves to be advantageous because the fabrication and / or construction of such a primary reaction chamber using essentially Straight components runs and is therefore very simplistic. In addition, eliminates a complex bending of the corresponding parts in the production, so that costs can be saved to a considerable extent.
  • the primary reaction chamber in the reaction bed and / or the wall has at least one gas inlet opening and / or at least one gas outlet opening.
  • a plurality of gas inlet and / or gas outlet openings depending on the size of the primary reaction chamber, the reaction bed and / or the type of thermal treatment are conceivable.
  • the gas inlet opening it is possible to add a gas, a gas mixture and / or an oxidizing agent to the thermal treatment in the region of the reaction bed, for example by feeding it sideways into the reaction bed, and / or in the wall of the primary reaction chamber.
  • the gas inlet opening is preferably connectable to a gas inlet line, more preferably to a fan. Via the gas outlet opening, it is possible to suck off the gas or exhaust gas produced during the thermal treatment, optionally with the generation of a negative pressure.
  • the gas outlet opening is preferably connectable to a gas outlet line, more preferably to a fan.
  • the heated wall of the primary reaction chamber is subdivided into interconnected and / or separate regions. This is conceivable, for example, by means of a plurality of interconnected and / or separate heating circuits and / or by means of installations for influencing the flow of the heating medium, so that an optimization of the temperature profile in the primary reaction chamber can be realized. In this way it is possible to ensure and / or to maintain the process conditions required and / or required in each area.
  • the rotary driver is rotatably mounted in two opposing walls, for example in the region of the double-walled embodiment of this, the primary reaction chamber. In this way, a uniform rotation of the rotary driver can be realized to ensure that the turning circle is according to the request spaced from the surface of the reaction bed. It is important that the bearing and / or the rotary driver are sufficiently sealed against a gas inlet and / or gas outlet.
  • the rotary driver is partially or completely formed as a hollow body, which is traversed by a cooling medium.
  • a cooling medium relates, depending on the temperature of the cooling circuit, a suitable fluid, such as water, oil, gas and / or a mixture thereof.
  • the slope of the surface is from 0.5% to 100%.
  • the slope of the surface is 0.5%, 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 100%, wherein further preference is given to any intervening pitch and / or an arbitrary range.
  • the secondary reaction chamber preferably has a heatable and / or isolatable wall, a closable feed opening, a closable discharge opening, an inclined, stepped and / or planar reaction bed, at least one rotary driver, a gas inlet opening, a gas outlet opening, at least one burner and / or has at least one opening for measurements, which, furthermore preferred, are designed in accordance with the previously mentioned embodiments.
  • the discharge opening opens into a discharge channel for transporting the reaction residues.
  • discharge channel is understood to mean an open, semi-closed and / or closed channel, which may comprise, for example, a conveyor belt for transporting the reaction residues.
  • transport is preferably understood to mean continuous transport in the material flow direction, which can be assisted by an electrically, electronically and / or pneumatically controllable and / or controllable unit, such as, for example, an ash transporter and / or a blocking paddle unit.
  • the promotion takes place in the horizontal material flow direction. It is understandable that the subsidized amount can vary.
  • the reaction residues are discharged dry and / or transported. This embodiment has the advantage that the reaction residues are continuously discharged from the primary reaction chamber.
  • the discharge channel comprises a blocking paddle unit with at least two blocking paddles distributed uniformly over the circumference of the blocking paddle unit, wherein the blocking paddle unit is aligned transversely to the longitudinal axis of the discharge channel.
  • the Sperrpaddelü is rotatably mounted or in two opposing walls, for example, two opposite side walls of the discharge channel.
  • This embodiment offers the advantage that the blocking paddle unit continuously transports the reaction residues located in the discharge channel. The transport takes place mainly by the lower barrier paddle or its surface. The transport performance of the blocking paddle unit is determined, for example, by the rotational speed of the blocking paddle unit.
  • the blocking paddle unit can be arranged between the primary and secondary reaction chamber, wherein the discharge channel connects the two reaction chambers and is preferably designed as a closed channel.
  • This embodiment of the invention has the advantage that the blocking paddle unit transports the reaction residues in the discharge channel between the two reaction chambers continuously and with simultaneous sealing of the reaction space. This results in a continuous discharge of the reaction residues from the primary reaction chamber, as well as a continuous entry of the reaction residues in the secondary reaction chamber, so that a continuous thermal treatment can be realized.
  • the barrier paddle advantageously combines the function of transport while preventing the unwanted supply of an oxidizing agent in the reaction space, preferably the primary reaction space.
  • This is important because it has been recognized in the invention that a thermal treatment, depending on the appropriate type of treatment, can be better controlled by a targeted supply of the oxidizing agent.
  • Another advantage is that it simultaneously reduces pollutant emissions in order to comply with legal limit values. The importance of reducing pollutant load is particularly evident in that the reaction residues of the primary reaction chamber may contain partially contaminated, toxic and / or pollutant compounds such as tar and / or aromatics.
  • the term "seal” describes a measure of the tightness against a substance, gas and / or mixture between two areas. Prefers the substance, the gas and / or the mixture is an oxidizing agent. It is understood that the term tightness is a relative term, since there is no absolutely tight system, reaction chamber and / or parts thereof, such as the rotary driver. In the context of the invention is therefore to be understood by sealing or tightness that this always refers to previously determined and / or predetermined conditions, it understandably due to the rotational movement of the Sperrpaddelvenez within the discharge comes to that briefly a substance and / or Gas passage or a substance and / or gas entry into the primary and / or secondary reaction chamber is possible.
  • the barrier paddle unit according to the invention thus allows a discharge of reaction residues, wherein the primary and / or the secondary reaction chamber sealed at the same time and therefore separated from each other.
  • the embodiment according to the invention is not intended to realize absolute tightness. Rather, it is preferred that the material and / or gas passage or the material and / or gas inlet is largely hindered. Even more preferably, the material and / or gas passage is completely obstructed in at least one particular orientation of the barrier paddles in the discharge channel, so that at least partially and / or briefly an absolute tightness can be achieved. A tightness is also by design effort and / or appropriate use of materials the requirements of the processes of thermal treatment adaptable, which is associated with increased costs.
  • the blocking paddle unit therefore, provided a cost effective and reliable way that the reaction residues between the reaction chambers can be transported under exclusion of air.
  • the blocking paddles of the blocking paddle unit or the surfaces of the blocking paddles close and / or release the discharge channel depending on their orientation. In the event that the discharge channel is closed, at least two barrier paddles are aligned with the discharge channel so that no material and / or gas passage between the two reaction chambers is made possible.
  • the blocking paddle unit has at least three blocking paddles.
  • the barrier paddle unit has four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten or more barrier paddles.
  • the increase in the number of barrier paddles leads to an improved restriction of the material and / or gas passage in the primary and / or secondary reaction chamber, since the more barrier paddle has the barrier paddle unit, the more reduces the amount of the passing volume of material or gas.
  • the discharge channel is closed longer in at least three barrier paddles, which also leads to an improvement in the sealing of the reaction chambers.
  • the surface of the barrier paddle is straight and / or curved.
  • a unit for controlling and / or regulating the temperature in the primary and / or secondary reaction chamber, the heating, a gas inlet and / or gas outlet by means of the gas inlet and / or gas outlet opening, the burner Rotary driver, the feed, the discharge and / or the barrier paddle unit is included.
  • a partially or fully automatic operation of the system for the realization of optimal process conditions can be achieved.
  • a person skilled in the art will be familiar with suitable means for such a unit.
  • a unit for controlling and / or regulating the gas inlet and / or gas outlet line is included, which contributes for example by means of a control device, such as a flap to an improved gas inlet and / or gas outlet of the reaction bed and / or the primary reaction chamber.
  • Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is a plant 01 according to the invention for the thermal treatment of continuously passing waste products in Half cut ( Fig. 1 ) or in isometric representation of the half-section ( Fig. 2 ).
  • the plant 01 comprises an elongated, horizontally oriented primary reaction chamber 10 with a reaction bed 20 and five rotors 30.
  • the primary reaction chamber 10 is a secondary reaction chamber 40 downstream, wherein in both reaction chambers 10, 40 an opening 03 for a not illustrated burner 02 is provided.
  • openings 04 for measurements are provided in both reaction chambers 10, 40.
  • the secondary reaction chamber 40 also has a rotary driver 30, a closable gas outlet opening 45 and a closable discharge opening 43 for the reaction residues.
  • the system 01 is characterized precisely by the fact that the wall 11 of the primary reaction chamber 10 and / or the secondary reaction chamber 40 is completely or partially heated.
  • the wall 11 is surrounded from the outside with a three-layer insulation 11a.
  • the wall 11 is completely or partially double-walled with an inner wall and an outer wall, wherein the two walls are spaced apart and preferably aligned parallel to each other.
  • the heating takes place, for example, with the exhaust gas produced in the secondary reaction chamber 40 or the heat therefrom.
  • the primary reaction chamber 10 has on an upper side 14 two transport lugs 15 and a closable charging opening 16 for charging the waste products.
  • a discharge opening 17 of the primary reaction chamber 10 In the wall 11 of the primary reaction chamber 10 is a discharge opening 17, which at the same time a gas outlet opening 19 of the primary reaction chamber 10, and a feed opening 42 and gas inlet opening 44 of the secondary reaction chamber 40 is provided for a discharge or entry of the gaseous and / or solid reaction residues, which opens into a discharge channel 41 with a blocking paddle unit 50.
  • the blocking paddle unit 50 has four blocking paddles 51 which, depending on their orientation, completely or partially close the discharge opening 17, the gas outlet opening 19, the feed opening 43, the gas inlet opening 44 and / or the discharge channel 41.
  • a plurality of gas inlet openings 18 is shown.
  • the reaction bed 20 is closed in this case in its entire surface and formed free of openings.
  • Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 reaches the reaction bed 20 near the feed opening 16 its highest point 21 and near the discharge opening 17 its lowest point 22.
  • the area between these two points 21, 22 is evenly inclined.
  • the rotary actuator 30 is aligned transversely to the longitudinal axis of the primary and secondary reaction chamber 10, 40 and rotatably supported in two opposite walls 11, in particular the side walls, the primary and secondary reaction chamber 10, 40 by a bearing 33.
  • the rotational driver 30 in this case comprises a Drehmit supportivewelle 31 and connected to the shaft 31 paddle 32, wherein the rotational driver 30 is formed as a hollow body and thus can be flowed through by a cooling medium.
  • the turning circle of the rotary driver 30 is, as clearly in Fig. 1 to be recognized, spaced from the surface of the reaction bed 20.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Installation (01) de traitement thermique, en particulier pour la pyrolyse, la gazéification et/ou l'incinération, des déchets circulant en continu, comprenant une chambre primaire de réaction (10) allongée et orientée horizontalement et ayant un lit de réaction (20) et au moins un entraîneur en rotation (30), ladite chambre primaire de réaction (10) comprenant à une paroi (11) une ouverture de chargement (16) fermable pour charger ladite chambre primaire de réaction (10) avec les déchets et comprenant à la paroi (11) une ouverture de déchargement (17) fermable pour décharger les résidus de réaction, la surface totale du lit de réaction (20) étant fermée et n'ayant pas d'ouvertures, ledit lit de réaction (20) atteignant un point plus haut (21) et un point plus bas (22), la surface entre les deux points étant inclinée et/ou étagée, l'entraîneur en rotation (30) étant orienté transversalement à l'axe longitudinal de la chambre primaire de réaction (10) et étant monté de manière rotative, et le cercle de rotation de l'entraîneur en rotation (30) étant disposé à une distance de la surface du lit de réaction (20),
    ladite paroi (11) de la chambre primaire de réaction (10) pouvant être chauffée entièrement ou en partie,
    caractérisée en ce qu'
    une chambre de réaction secondaire (40) est prévue qui se trouve en aval de la chambre primaire de réaction (10) dans la zone de l'ouverture de déchargement (17).
  2. Installation (01) selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la paroi (11) est formée entièrement ou en partie à double paroi ayant une paroi intérieure et une paroi extérieure qui sont séparées l' une de l'autre, et dans laquelle un interstice (13) entre la paroi intérieure et la paroi extérieure peut être chauffé par un médium et/ou un élément de chauffage.
  3. Installation (01) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce qu'
    au moins un brûleur (02) est pourvu pour un carburant auxiliaire.
  4. Installation (01) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la chambre primaire de réaction (10) a une coupe transversale rectangulaire ou presque rectangulaire.
  5. Installation (01) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la chambre primaire de réaction (10) comprend au moins une ouverture d'entrée de gaz (18) et/ou au moins une ouverture de sortie de gaz (19) au lit de réaction (20) et/ou dans la paroi (11), respectivement.
  6. Installation (01) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la paroi (11) chauffée de la chambre primaire de réaction (10) est divisible en zones connectées et/ou séparées.
  7. Installation (01) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'entraîneur en rotation (30) est monté de manière rotative dans deux parois opposées (11) de la chambre primaire de réaction (10).
  8. Installation (01) selon la revendication précédente,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'entraîneur en rotation (30) est réalisé en partie ou entièrement comme corps creux dans lequel un agent réfrigérant peut circuler.
  9. Installation (01) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'inclinaison de la surface est de 0.5 % à 100 %.
  10. Installation (01) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'ouverture de déchargement (17) débouche dans un canal de déchargement (41) pour le transport des résidus de réaction.
  11. Installation (01) selon la revendication précédente,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le canal de déchargement (41) comprend une unité de palettes de séparation (50) ayant au moins deux palettes de séparation (51) distribuées uniformément sur la circonférence de l'unité de palettes de séparation (50), ladite unité de palettes de séparation (50) étant disposée transversalement à l'axe longitudinal du canal de déchargement (41).
  12. Installation (01) selon la revendication précédente,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'unité de palettes de séparation (50) peut être disposée entre la chambre primaire de réaction et la chambre secondaire de réaction (10, 40).
  13. Installation (01) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'unité de palettes de séparation (50) comprend au moins trois palettes de séparation (51).
  14. Installation (01) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'installation (01) comprend une unité de contrôle et/ou de régulation de la température dans la chambre primaire et/ou dans la chambre secondaire de réaction (10, 40), du chauffage, de l'entrée de gaz ou de la sortie de gaz au moyen de l'ouverture d'entrée de gaz ou sortie de gaz (18, 19), du brûleur (02), de l'entraîneur en rotation (30), du chargement, du déchargement et/ou de l'unité de palettes de séparation (50).
EP16189520.6A 2016-09-19 2016-09-19 Dispositif de traitement thermique de déchets circulant en continu Active EP3296633B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16189520.6A EP3296633B1 (fr) 2016-09-19 2016-09-19 Dispositif de traitement thermique de déchets circulant en continu
PL16189520T PL3296633T3 (pl) 2016-09-19 2016-09-19 Instalacja do obróbki termicznej produktów odpadowych przepływających w sposób ciągły
ES16189520T ES2716651T3 (es) 2016-09-19 2016-09-19 Instalación para el tratamiento térmico de productos de desecho que pasan de manera continua
PCT/EP2017/067741 WO2018050312A1 (fr) 2016-09-19 2017-07-13 Installation de traitement thermique de déchets circulant en continu

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16189520.6A EP3296633B1 (fr) 2016-09-19 2016-09-19 Dispositif de traitement thermique de déchets circulant en continu

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3296633A1 EP3296633A1 (fr) 2018-03-21
EP3296633B1 true EP3296633B1 (fr) 2019-01-02

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EP (1) EP3296633B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2716651T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL3296633T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018050312A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4001813A1 (fr) * 2020-11-23 2022-05-25 Bernhard Grimm Dispositif de séchage et de combustion
EP4282835A1 (fr) * 2022-05-23 2023-11-29 Bernhard Grimm Procédé de traitement des matières premières contenant du phosphate

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006015261B4 (de) * 2006-04-01 2014-10-23 Michaelis Gmbh & Co. Kg Treppenbettofen
US7814845B2 (en) * 2007-06-15 2010-10-19 Zebrex Environmental Systems Dual chamber system for gasifying biomass waste

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL3296633T3 (pl) 2019-07-31
EP3296633A1 (fr) 2018-03-21
ES2716651T3 (es) 2019-06-13
WO2018050312A1 (fr) 2018-03-22

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