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EP3266019A1 - Transducteur acoustique pour envoyer et/ou recevoir des signaux sous-marins acoustiques, dispositif transducteur, sonar et véhicule marin - Google Patents

Transducteur acoustique pour envoyer et/ou recevoir des signaux sous-marins acoustiques, dispositif transducteur, sonar et véhicule marin

Info

Publication number
EP3266019A1
EP3266019A1 EP16707380.8A EP16707380A EP3266019A1 EP 3266019 A1 EP3266019 A1 EP 3266019A1 EP 16707380 A EP16707380 A EP 16707380A EP 3266019 A1 EP3266019 A1 EP 3266019A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transducer
sound
mass
acoustic
sound pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16707380.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3266019B1 (fr
Inventor
Christoph Hoffmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Atlas Elektronik GmbH
Original Assignee
Atlas Elektronik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Atlas Elektronik GmbH filed Critical Atlas Elektronik GmbH
Publication of EP3266019A1 publication Critical patent/EP3266019A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3266019B1 publication Critical patent/EP3266019B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/004—Mounting transducers, e.g. provided with mechanical moving or orienting device
    • G10K11/006—Transducer mounting in underwater equipment, e.g. sonobuoys
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/002—Devices for damping, suppressing, obstructing or conducting sound in acoustic devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
    • B06B1/0607—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements
    • B06B1/0611—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements in a pile
    • B06B1/0618—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements in a pile of piezo- and non-piezoelectric elements, e.g. 'Tonpilz'
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
    • B06B1/0644—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element
    • B06B1/0662—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element with an electrode on the sensitive surface
    • B06B1/0681—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element with an electrode on the sensitive surface and a damping structure
    • B06B1/0685—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element with an electrode on the sensitive surface and a damping structure on the back only of piezoelectric elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/39—Arrangements of sonic watch equipment, e.g. low-frequency, sonar

Definitions

  • Sound transducer for transmitting and / or receiving underwater acoustic signals, transducer, sonar and watercraft
  • the invention relates to a sound transducer for transmitting and / or receiving underwater acoustic signals, which has an acoustic transducer element, at least a first spring element, a filling compound and a transducer carrier, wherein the acoustic
  • Transducer element which is associated with at least one first spring element. Furthermore, the invention relates to a converter device, a sonar and a watercraft.
  • transducers are designed to transmit and / or receive acoustic underwater signals stiff, in particular, the acoustic transducer element is permanently installed.
  • such a transducer is constructed according to the principle of the clay mushroom.
  • a piezoelectric ceramic is clamped between two rigid plates.
  • the piezoelectric ceramic acts as a spring, which is "adjusted" by an electrical voltage, for example.
  • an electrical voltage for example.
  • the transducer When the transducer is used as a transmitter, a stress is imposed on the piezoelectric ceramic, causing it to undergo a mechanical movement The ceramic expands and "swings". The vibration is transmitted to the mechanically coupled plates as masses. This will be the Pressure and thus the emitted acoustic signal amplified.
  • the clay fungus forms a closed oscillation structure of two masses (in the above example the plates), which are connected by a "elasticity" (in the example the piezoelectric ceramic) as spring
  • the masses are designed without elasticity and the elasticity is
  • the oscillation amplitudes of the two masses in this case fall in the direction of the connecting line of the points of elasticity.
  • a piezo ring stack between a massive tail and head mass is biased by a bolt.
  • the resonance frequency is reduced below that of the piezo stack.
  • the bias causes a high intensity transmission and Abgäbe.
  • the head mass usually has a lower mass than the tail mass.
  • the head mass is widened on the side remote from the piezo stack and has a foam on the widened end in order to achieve a better coupling of the sound energy to the low impedance of the surrounding medium (air and / or water).
  • a sonar In underwater vehicles, a sonar usually has an acoustic absorber behind the acoustic transducer element, which has the task of "swallowing" the sound pressure on the back of the acoustic transducer element and is therefore sensitive to pressure. that the acoustic absorber is destroyed due to the direct transmission with high sound intensity, thereby disturbing communication, navigation and / or locating aboard the underwater vehicle.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the state of the art.
  • the object is achieved by a sound transducer for transmitting and / or receiving acoustic underwater signals, which is an acoustic
  • Transducer element at least a first spring element, a Has filling compound and a transducer carrier, wherein the acoustic transducer element, the at least one first spring element is assigned, wherein the acoustic transducer element is formed as a first mass and in a sound pressure direction behind the acoustic transducer element, the first spring element and then the transducer carrier are arranged so that set a vibrating system and thus an acoustic sensitivity of the sound transducer is improved.
  • the acoustic efficiency of the transducer is increased.
  • an open, elastic oscillating system is set by the acoustic transducer element as mass, which is elastically connected via the first spring element to the transducer carrier.
  • the acoustic transducer element is designed as a first spring element and designed to be tension-free, contrary to the design as a clay mushroom, it can oscillate freely and can thus be specifically adjusted in particular for higher frequencies and intensities.
  • An essential idea of the invention is based on the fact that the acoustic transducer element is not designed stiff stiff, but that the acoustic transducer element is arranged on an elastic spring element and the transducer carrier, which are in particular mechanically oscillatable.
  • the transducer carrier Due to the mechanical vibration capability of the spring element and / or the transducer carrier not only decoupling takes place behind the transducer carrier usually stored acoustic absorber, but also a feedback to the acoustic transducer element, so that a part of the output of the impinging sound pressure wave directly or in modified form is attributed to the acoustic transducer element. As a result, in particular, a gain occurs.
  • the vibration system is not limited by rigidity and / or tension in its ability to vibrate and thereby its amplitude and / or frequency. As a result, the vibration system can be adjusted specifically to the needs of the user.
  • the elastic properties of the vibrating system are used in particular when hitting sound pressure waves with high amplitude and cause a sound pressure reduction (attenuation), while in acoustic sound pressure waves with small amplitude, the elastic system, in particular the spring element and the transducer carrier is substantially acoustically transparent.
  • a "sound transducer” is in particular a device for transmitting and / or receiving submarine acoustic signals, such as those used when using active and passive sonars.
  • the sound transducer receives underwater sound signals and converts these into an electrical signal for further processing (receiver ) and / or converts an electrical signal into an acoustic signal, the latter being emitted (transmitter)
  • hydrophones are used under water as sound transducers to record underwater sound, in which a hydrophone converts the water sound into an electrical quantity corresponding to the sound pressure.
  • a frequency range between about 10 Hz and 1 MHz is used.
  • An "acoustic transducer element” is in particular a component of a sound transducer or a hydrophone, which converts acoustic signals into electrical voltage as sound pressure reversals or, conversely, converts electrical voltage into acoustic signals.
  • acoustic transducer element In the ultrasonic range under water, piezoelectric transducers are used today as an acoustic transducer element Piezoelectric ceramics are also made of piezoelectric elements Plastic known, in particular polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is used in hydrophones.
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • a "spring element” is, in particular, a component and / or a material which yields under load (tensile or compressive) and returns to its original shape after relief, ie, in the ideal case, behaves resiliently restoring high elasticity and a low mass.
  • Elastic in this sense means, in particular, that the spring element or another elastic material deforms under an applied pressure, so that the latter assumes a different shape than before the action of pressure.This deformation is essentially reversible and after the end of the applied force The compressive / compressive stress resumes the spring element or the other material its original shape.Therefore, a sound pressure is converted into a mechanical deformation.
  • a “filling compound” is understood to mean, in particular, a compound for filling the space between the acoustic transducer element and the transducer carrier and the other components of the acoustic transducer, which may be a plastics material and / or cork and / or other filling material.
  • soft polyurethane or polyoxymethylene can be used as the plastic material, understood as being "soft" material having a hardness of 40shore A to 60shore A and / or a modulus of elasticity between 5 MPa and 250 MPa. The hardness is according to the mass of the system and the Use frequency range to select.
  • the filling compound has the task of bonding the components of a sound transducer, thereby ensuring stability.
  • the filling compound can also have an elastic and sound-damping effect.
  • the filling compound prevents seawater from penetrating into the transducer and in particular causing corrosive damage.
  • a "transducer carrier” is in particular connected to the acoustic transducer element and / or at least partly surrounds the acoustic transducer element.
  • a "mass” is understood as meaning, in particular, the mass of a vibration system which is rigid and free of elasticity. ⁇ br/> ⁇ br/> The mass is in particular excited by a sound field to oscillate and generates an electric useful sound signal and / or as a transmitter a sound field output.
  • sound pressure direction is understood to mean the direction from which the highest intensity sound pressure from a sound source impinges on the sound transducer Main transmission direction.
  • a “vibration system” is, in particular, the arrangement of the acoustic transducer element and other components of the sound transducer for acousto-mechanical and / or mechanical-acoustic conversion, In particular, the spring-mass principle is used in the vibration system.
  • the "sensitivity" of a sound transducer is in particular a measure of the generated electrical voltage related to the acting sound pressure at a certain frequency in a sound receiver or a measure of the applied voltage with respect to the generated sound pressure at a certain frequency in a sound transmitter Sensitivity can also be specified in particular as a transmission factor, in which the output voltage (as no-load voltage) is specified in relation to the incident sound pressure for a receiver.
  • a mechanically directly coupled impedance ground is arranged in the sound pressure direction behind the acoustic transducer element, the first spring element and then the transducer carrier being arranged behind the impedance mass in the sound pressure direction.
  • the vibration system can be adjusted specifically.
  • this direct mechanical coupling can increase the sound pressure and thus gain it.
  • the acoustic sensitivity of the acoustic transducer element (as receiver) and / or the radiated sound energy (as transmitter) can be increased by raising the sound pressure.
  • the arrangement of the first spring element and the subsequent transducer carrier behind the impedance ground, an impedance jump and thus a sound insulation, in particular before the downstream acoustic absorber, can be achieved.
  • the acoustic efficiency of the assembly can be increased by an additional attachment of an elastically mounted impedance mass.
  • the effectiveness of the vibration system can be optimized by selecting and arranging the impedance mass and / or the spring element and / or the spring stiffness for the selected frequency range.
  • An "impedance mass” is understood in particular to mean a mass of a specifically heavy material in comparison to the surrounding material, in particular the surrounding acoustic transducer element, the filling compound and / or the spring element, whereby a jump of the acoustic impedance occurs In particular, a reflection and / or a delay of the incident sound (pressure) s instead, so that on the side of the incident sound (pressure) s a sound pressure increase occurs.
  • the impedance jump is due to the transition to a specifically lighter material the impedance mass a sound pressure attenuation instead.
  • a specifically lighter material the impedance mass a sound pressure attenuation instead.
  • brass with a density of about 8.41 g / cm 3 to 8.86 g / cm 3 for a larger sound pressure increase or aluminum with a density of about 2.7 g / cm 3 for a lower sound pressure increase can be used as the impedance mass.
  • An impedance ground can be used in the direction of sound pressure in front of and / or behind the acoustic transducer element.
  • a second mass is arranged in front of and / or behind the acoustic transducer element in the sound pressure direction, wherein a second spring element is arranged between the second mass and the acoustic transducer element ,
  • the effectiveness of the system for the selected frequency range can be further optimized by selecting and arranging the second mass to the acoustic transducer element as the first mass.
  • the choice of mass as well as the spring stiffness results from the desired Frequenzeins Kunststoff z Symposium.
  • This "multi-mass oscillator” can be tuned by selecting material parameters such as mass (specific gravity, dimension, acoustic impedance properties) and choice of spring stiffness of the spring elements to the particular application and the required frequency range.
  • the "second mass” largely corresponds in its properties to the mass described above.
  • the "second spring element” corresponds in its construction and in its properties in particular to the first spring element described above.
  • the impedance ground and / or the second ground are larger than the first ground of the acoustic transducer element.
  • the sound pressure can be increased by the larger mass on the front, while in the direction of sound pressure behind the impedance mass and / or the second mass due to the impedance jump is a sound pressure attenuation.
  • this ensures that the greater amount of vibration energy in the smaller mass of the acoustic transducer element consists, but at the same time by the impedance mass and / or the second mass, a sound pressure increase and / or sound attenuation is achieved.
  • the acoustic sensor In order to convert an acoustic signal into an electrical signal and / or to convert an electrical signal into an acoustic signal, the acoustic sensor has an acoustic signal Transducer element on a piezoelectric ceramic and / or a piezocomposite ceramic.
  • piezo-ceramic and / or a “piezocomposite ceramic” are in particular a “piezo-ceramic” and / or a “piezocomposite ceramic” are in particular a
  • a piezoceramic is a full ceramic
  • a piezoceramic ceramic consists of one
  • Composite material which in particular has piezoelectric, ceramic filaments and a filling compound.
  • Both ceramics act as piezoelectric transducers and generate an electrical voltage when mechanical pressure is applied, or cause mechanical movement when an electrical voltage is applied.
  • the ceramic filaments in piezocomposite ceramics are in particular thin and / or filamentary structures. In particular, these may take the forms of rods, cylinders, tubes and / or plates.
  • the ceramic filaments Upon impact and / or imparting a sound pressure, the ceramic filaments are elastically deformed, whereby a change in the electrical polarization takes place and thus an electrical voltage is generated on the ceramic solid.
  • the sound transducer is designed here as a sound receiver.
  • the piezoceramic and / or piezocomposite ceramic are usually designed with two conductive layers, over which a voltage is impressed or removed.
  • the density of piezoceramic is about 7.7 g / cm 3 , while the Density of piezocomposite ceramic is lower and depends on the proportion of ceramic filaments and the filling compound.
  • the first spring element and / or the second spring element has or have an elastomer and / or the transducer carrier has a fiber composite material.
  • the vibration system and the acoustic properties, in particular the sensitivity of the transducer for a particular frequency range can be optimally adjusted.
  • An "elastomer” is in particular a dimensionally stable, but elastically deformable plastic Elastomers can deform elastically under tensile and compressive loading, then return to their original shape Elastomer rubber and / or polyurethane can be used sound-absorbing properties, an elastomer can also have insulating properties.
  • a "fiber composite” is a multiphase and / or mixed material consisting of usually two main components, one component being a matrix and the other reinforcing fibers.
  • a "fiber” is a thin and flexible structure made of a pulp relative to its length
  • the length to diameter ratio is at least 3: 1 or preferably at least 10: 1.
  • fibers have a ratio from length to diameter of 1,000: 1
  • the fibers give the material the necessary reversible flexibility, fiberglass fibers and / or carbon fibers can be used as the plastic matrix / or epoxy resin and / or thermoplastics such as polyamide used.
  • the object is achieved by a converter device with a previously described sound transducer.
  • several transducers can be arranged in parallel and / or in series and tuned to different frequency ranges.
  • the converter device can be made according to the needs of the user, in particular the converter device can have different sound transducers for transmitting and / or receiving.
  • the object is achieved by a sonar for transmitting and / or receiving submarine acoustic signals, wherein the sonar comprises a transducer or a plurality of sound transducers as described above or a transducer device or a plurality of transducer devices as described above.
  • Nonar is understood to mean a system for locating objects in space and under water by means of received sound impulses, which may be an active sonar, which itself emits a signal, or a passive sonar, which transmits only emitted sound impulses It can also be a bi- or multistatic sonar that can simultaneously send and receive on different platforms.
  • the object is achieved by a watercraft, in particular a submarine, which has a sonar as described above.
  • Frequency ranges of the sonar done This is particularly advantageous because a submarine must detect and identify unknown sound sources under water and recognize potential dangers.
  • the acoustic absorber of the sonar is not destroyed by a shock wave sound pressure, otherwise the above functions no longer exist and the submarine is at risk.
  • Figure 1 is a highly schematic sectional view of a sound transmitter with a subsequent Rubber layer and a transducer carrier and the associated mass-spring scheme
  • FIG. 2 is a highly schematic sectional view of a hydrophone with a piezoelectric ceramic, a brass block and a rubber layer and the associated mass-spring scheme
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic, half-side section through an active Bugsonar with a piezocomposite shown by way of example.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic, half-side section through an active Bugsonar with exemplified piezocomposite ceramic with an upstream brass block and two rubber layers and the associated mass-spring scheme.
  • a sound transmitter 101 has a piezoelectric ceramic 105 having a front copper layer 106 and a rear copper layer 107.
  • a rubber layer 108 which is seated directly on a GRP carrier 103.
  • a PU mass 111 is arranged, which connects the piezoelectric ceramic 105 and the rubber layer 108 with the GRP carrier 103.
  • a PU high-frequency absorber 104 is arranged in Sound pressure direction 102 behind the fiberglass support 103.
  • the piezoelectric ceramic 105 corresponds to a first mass 120.
  • the first mass 120 is directly connected to the rubber layer 108, the rubber layer 108 corresponding to a spring 123.
  • the thin front copper layer 106 and the rear copper layer 107 are in this case associated with the first mass 120.
  • the sound transmitter 101 emits an acoustic signal against the sound pressure direction 102.
  • a voltage between the front copper layer 106 and the rear copper layer 107 is impressed, whereby the piezoelectric ceramic 105 expands and moves mechanically.
  • the movement pressure is released as sound pressure into the surrounding water.
  • a frequency of 150kHz is used, which is broadcast with a high transmission.
  • the piezoelectric ceramic 105 is designed as a mass 120 and is elastically arranged by the rubber layer 108 following in the sound pressure direction 102 and the fiberglass support 103.
  • the sound transducer is a simply elastically coupled system.
  • a hydrophone 201 has as a receiver a piezoelectric ceramic 205, which in sound pressure direction 202 first a front copper layer 206 and a rear copper layer 207 has. This is followed, in sound pressure direction 202, by a brass block 209 and a rubber layer 208, which is seated directly on the GFK support 203. On the side, the piezoelectric ceramic 205, the brass block 209 and the rubber layer 208 are connected to the GFRP carrier 203 via the PU mass 211. In the sound pressure direction 202 behind the GFK carrier 203, the PU high-frequency absorber 204 is arranged.
  • the piezoelectric ceramic 205 corresponds to the first mass 220, which is directly mechanically connected to an impedance ground 221.
  • the impedance ground 221 is implemented by the brass block 209.
  • 208 corresponds to a spring 223, which connects the impedance mass 221 with an elastic mount 225, wherein the elastic mount 225 is designed as a GFK carrier 203.
  • the frequency range of application is defined by the masses and the spring stiffness.
  • the brass block 209 Since the brass block 209 has a higher specific gravity than the piezoelectric ceramics 205, a jump of the acoustic impedance occurs. Through the brass block 209 reflection and deceleration of the incident sound pressure takes place, so that on the side of impinging sound pressure, a sound pressure increase occurs.
  • a copper grid 306 as a conductive layer, a piezocomposite ceramic 305, a rubber layer 308, a downstream brass block 309 and a rubber layer 310.
  • the side of a PU mass 311 is arranged, which this
  • the rubber layer 310 connects this arrangement with the oscillating support 303, which is semicircular (only one half of the semicircle is shown here) and can oscillate both in the sound pressure direction 302 and also transversely to the sound pressure direction 302.
  • the rubber layer 308 has here both the task of damping and the insulation, while the rubber layer 310 is used for damping and acoustic decoupling.
  • the piezo-composite ceramic 305 corresponds to a first mass 320.
  • the rubber layer 308 corresponds to a second spring 324 and the brass block 309 to a second mass 321.
  • the first mass 320 is connected to the second mass 321 via the second spring 324.
  • the second mass 321 is in turn connected via a first spring 323, which is performed by the rubber layer 310, with an elastic support 325, the latter being carried out by the oscillating support 303.
  • the brass block 309 is disposed as an additional second mass 321 through the rubber layers 308 and the rubber layer 310, decoupled behind the piezoelectric ceramic 305 in the sound pressure direction 302.
  • this system is again arranged elastically mounted on the oscillating support 303.
  • two resonance states (two-mass oscillator) of the piezoelectric ceramic 305 are used, on the one hand to increase the acoustic efficiency and at the same time to reduce the shock wave stress.
  • an active bugsonar 401 comprises a plurality of piezocomposite ceramics, with only one piezocomposite ceramic 405 being considered by way of example.
  • a sound pressure first encounters a brass block 409, followed by a rubber layer 408, the piezoceramic ceramics 405 and a subsequent rubber layer 410.
  • Transducer assembly with the vibrating support 403, which vibrates in sound pressure direction 402 and transverse to the sound pressure direction under stress.
  • the brass block 409 as a second mass 421 is connected via the rubber layer 408 as the second spring 424 with the piezocomposite ceramic 405 as the first mass 420.
  • the piezocomposite ceramic 405 as a first mass 420 is in turn connected via the rubber layer 410 as the first spring 423 to the oscillating support 403 as an elastic support 425.
  • Mass of piezocomposite ceramics 405 is in this Alternative the brass block 409 as an additional mass stored elastic before the piezocomposite ceramic 405.
  • the piezocomposite ceramic 405 is in turn elastically disposed on the oscillating support 403 on the rear side.
  • a multi-mass oscillator which is tuned by the choice of the material parameters of the first and second masses 420 and 421 and the spring stiffness of the rubber layers 408 and 410 on the application and the required frequency range.
  • the pre-connection of the second mass 421 is advantageous for the following application in which in the immediate vicinity of the active Bugsonars 401 at a small distance of 20m an explosion occurs and a very strong shock wave sound shock first on the brass block 409 as a second mass 421 hits. Due to the impedance jump from the brass block 409 to the elastic rubber layer 408, sound pressure damping takes place before the sound pressure continues to impinge on the piezocomposite ceramic 405 following in the sound pressure direction 402. As a result, excessive stress on the piezocomposite ceramic 405 upon impact of the acoustic shock pressure wave on the active Bugsonar 401 is avoided.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un transducteur acoustique permettant d'envoyer et/ou de recevoir des signaux sous-marins acoustiques et comprenant un élément transducteur, au moins un premier élément ressort, une masse de remplissage et un support de transducteur, l'élément transducteur acoustique étant conçu comme une première masse et le premier élément ressort ainsi que le support transducteur étant agencés dans une direction de pression acoustique derrière l'élément transducteur acoustique de façon à régler un système oscillant et donc à améliorer une sensibilité acoustique du transducteur acoustique. L'invention concerne également un dispositif transducteur, un sonar pour envoyer et/ou recevoir des signaux sous-marins acoustiques et un véhicule marin.
EP16707380.8A 2015-03-06 2016-02-03 Transducteur acoustique pour envoyer et/ou recevoir des signaux sous-marins acoustiques, dispositif transducteur, sonar et véhicule marin Active EP3266019B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015103295.3A DE102015103295A1 (de) 2015-03-06 2015-03-06 Schallwandler zum Senden und/oder zum Empfangen von akustischen Unterwassersignalen, Wandlervorrichtung, Sonar und Wasserfahrzeug
PCT/DE2016/100048 WO2016141914A1 (fr) 2015-03-06 2016-02-03 Transducteur acoustique pour envoyer et/ou recevoir des signaux sous-marins acoustiques, dispositif transducteur, sonar et véhicule marin

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3266019A1 true EP3266019A1 (fr) 2018-01-10
EP3266019B1 EP3266019B1 (fr) 2023-06-07

Family

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EP16707380.8A Active EP3266019B1 (fr) 2015-03-06 2016-02-03 Transducteur acoustique pour envoyer et/ou recevoir des signaux sous-marins acoustiques, dispositif transducteur, sonar et véhicule marin

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3266019B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102015103295A1 (fr)
IL (1) IL253960B (fr)
WO (1) WO2016141914A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116331456B (zh) * 2023-03-17 2023-11-24 中国科学院声学研究所 一种用于无人潜航器的舷侧阵组件

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JPS6318800A (ja) * 1986-07-09 1988-01-26 Nec Corp 水中超音波トランスジユ−サ
DE3834669C2 (de) * 1988-10-12 1996-11-28 Stn Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Akustische Dämmungsvorrichtung für Seitenantennen bei Unterwasserfahrzeugen
JP4795748B2 (ja) * 2004-09-13 2011-10-19 株式会社デンソー 圧電アクチュエータ
DE102008064002A1 (de) * 2008-12-19 2010-06-24 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Unterwasserantenne
US7905007B2 (en) * 2009-03-18 2011-03-15 General Electric Company Method for forming a matching layer structure of an acoustic stack
DE102009059902B3 (de) * 2009-12-21 2011-05-05 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Reflektoreinrichtung zur Anbringung einer zu einer Unterwasserantenne zugehörigen Wandleranordnung an eine Bootswand
GB2486680A (en) * 2010-12-22 2012-06-27 Morgan Electro Ceramics Ltd Ultrasonic or acoustic transducer that supports two or more frequencies

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WO2016141914A1 (fr) 2016-09-15
DE102015103295A1 (de) 2016-09-08
EP3266019B1 (fr) 2023-06-07
IL253960A0 (en) 2017-10-31
IL253960B (en) 2020-07-30

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