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EP3031296B1 - Equipement de cuisson et methode pour controler le dit equipement - Google Patents

Equipement de cuisson et methode pour controler le dit equipement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3031296B1
EP3031296B1 EP14747955.4A EP14747955A EP3031296B1 EP 3031296 B1 EP3031296 B1 EP 3031296B1 EP 14747955 A EP14747955 A EP 14747955A EP 3031296 B1 EP3031296 B1 EP 3031296B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
offset
output signal
cooking
sensor device
adjusted
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP14747955.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3031296A1 (fr
Inventor
Dominic Beier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Miele und Cie KG
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Miele und Cie KG
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Publication of EP3031296A1 publication Critical patent/EP3031296A1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/06—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power
    • H05B6/062—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power for cooking plates or the like
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H05B1/0252—Domestic applications
    • H05B1/0258—For cooking
    • H05B1/0261—For cooking of food
    • H05B1/0266—Cooktops
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2213/00—Aspects relating both to resistive heating and to induction heating, covered by H05B3/00 and H05B6/00
    • H05B2213/07—Heating plates with temperature control means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cooking device and a method for operating such a cooking device.
  • JP 2004 095 313 A and JP 2009181 963 A in each case a cooking device, with at least one hob and with at least one heater for heating at least one cooking area provided and at least one sensor device for detecting at least one characteristic size for temperatures of the cooking area and at least one control device, wherein the control device, the heater at least in dependence of the sensor device detected size controls.
  • the known devices and methods are with regard to a use in automatic functions of cooking appliances, such. As a stove, but still capable of improvement.
  • an automatic boil-up of milk without overcooking the milk places very high demands on the corresponding devices and methods with regard to the reproducibility and the accuracy.
  • An important step is z. B. the calculation of the temperature of the pot bottom from the heat radiation detected by the heat sensors.
  • the output signals of the heat sensors must be prepared and evaluated in accordance with the rule.
  • the inventive method is suitable for operating a cooking device with at least one hob and at least one heating device for heating at least one cooking area.
  • At least one sensor device is provided for detecting at least one characteristic variable for temperatures of the cooking area.
  • At least one control device controls the heating device as a function of the size detected by the sensor device. In this case, at least one output signal of the sensor device is adjusted by at least one adjustable offset and then amplified.
  • the method according to the invention has many advantages.
  • a significant advantage is that the output signal is adjusted by the adjustable offset and then amplified.
  • the adjustable offset allows the output signal to be adjusted before it is amplified. This has the advantage that with a corresponding adjustment of the offset overdriving the amplifier is prevented. It is also particularly advantageous that the output signal can be displaced by the offset in a range which allows a gain with an optimum resolution of the signal. A complex adaptation of the gain or of an amplifier to different signals or different signal ranges can be avoided.
  • the sensor device detects heat radiation from the cooking area and in particular a cooking vessel set up in the cooking area.
  • the sensor device can have at least one thermopile, also called thermopile, or at least one thermocouple.
  • the output signal is then the voltage of such a sensor.
  • the output signal of the sensor device is shifted.
  • the offset shifts the output signal of the sensor device.
  • This adjusted signal can then be supplied to the amplifier device as an input signal.
  • the output signal of the sensor device can be obtained directly or indirectly from the sensor device.
  • the output signal can be modulated and / or preamplified.
  • the adapted output signal of the sensor device can then be amplified by at least one amplifier device, for example by an operational amplifier.
  • the shifted output signal is then in particular an input signal for the amplifier device.
  • the offset is at least a predetermined voltage.
  • the offset can also be a so-called offset or an offset voltage.
  • the offset is preferably set by a reference voltage.
  • the reference voltage may be the reference voltage of a subtraction device connected between the sensor device and the amplifier device or may be the reference voltage of an amplifier device connected downstream of the sensor device and in particular of a differential amplifier.
  • the offset is preferably set as a function of the voltage of the output signal of the sensor device. This is particularly advantageous because the offset can be optimally adjusted to the respective output signal, even if the output signal changes over time.
  • the already amplified output signal that is to say the output signal of the amplifier device, termed the amplifier signal for short, is particularly preferably considered, and the offset is adjusted by virtue of its voltage and / or at least one other characteristic with which the output signal of the sensor device is adjusted.
  • the offset is set as a function of a calibration of the sensor device, and a different offset is set for a calibration than for the acquisition of measured variables for temperature determination. This has the advantage that the offset can be adjusted accordingly if there is a changed output signal during a calibration.
  • At least one radiation source can emit electromagnetic radiation at least temporarily to calibrate the sensor device.
  • at least part of the radiation emitted by the radiation source is received again by the sensor device.
  • a calibration value is then derived with the output signal output by the sensor device and used to calibrate the sensor device.
  • the output signal provided for deriving the calibration value is preferred by at least one adjusted offset adjusted.
  • the offset can be downsampled, increased or decreased to derive the calibration value.
  • the calibration can z. B. be a reflection measurement, by means of which the reflection or emission properties of a cooking vessel are determined in the cooking area.
  • the offset is preferably adjusted prior to calibration. Also possible is a setting at the beginning and / or during calibration. The adjustment or at least one further adjustment can also be made after the calibration. The adjustment of the offset can be z. B. done depending on the switching of the radiation source.
  • the output signal provided for deriving the calibration value is adjusted by a different offset than the output signal upon detection of at least one characteristic variable for temperatures of the cooking region. It can z. B. different predetermined voltages are applied, depending on whether to calibrate or the temperature of a pot to be determined.
  • the offset for the output signal for temperature determination and / or for calibration can also be adjusted depending on the particular cooking situation, for. B. if the cooking vessel is still cold or already very hot. In this case, the temperature of a support means for parking the cooking vessel, z. As a glass ceramic plate, are taken into account.
  • the offset is preferably set upon reaching a predetermined value of the output signal of the sensor device and / or the output signal of the amplifier device.
  • the adjustment on the basis of a value of the output signal of the sensor device takes place, in particular, if the output signal can be expected to no longer lie in a linear or optimum range of the amplifier device in the case of a subsequent amplification.
  • the offset is adjusted based on a value of the output signal of the amplifier device, e.g. The amplifier signal is no longer linear or coming from the sensor device input signal signal can no longer be amplified distortion-free by the amplifier device.
  • the offset can be adjusted automatically when the output signal and / or the amplifier signal reach a certain threshold. For example, from a certain voltage of the output signal, the offset can be adjusted so that the output signal is then at a suitable or lower voltage level. Such an adjustment can also be made several times.
  • the respective offset is in particular an integer multiple of a basic offset and preferably the maximum permissible input voltage, which does not lead to overdriving the amplifier.
  • the output signal of the sensor device can be adjusted from a predetermined threshold value with a first offset. If the output signal adjusted by the first offset again reaches a threshold value, it is then adjusted by a second offset.
  • Such an adaptation can follow one another as often as desired.
  • the advantage of such an offset adjustment is that the shifted output signal can be optimally amplified.
  • the corresponding amplifier signal is then in a linear range, which can be evaluated particularly reliably, so that an accurate and reproducible calculation of the temperature from the output signal is possible.
  • the offset is set if the output signal leads to overdriving the amplifier device used for amplification and / or would lead.
  • the adjustment of the offset and the amplifier device can be adjusted, for. B. can be switched to another amplifier stage.
  • the voltage of the output signal by at least a predetermined voltage as an offset.
  • a voltage is in particular the reference voltage.
  • the offset is adjusted in particular by at least one voltage from a group of predetermined voltages when at least one predetermined value of the output signal is reached.
  • the output signal is adjusted upon reaching an amplifier signal that is at least partially non-linear over time.
  • a predetermined gain is set in response to the output signal. Also, depending on the set offset, a predetermined gain can be set. The gain is preferably set so that a favorable evaluation of the amplifier signal is possible.
  • the cooking device has at least one hob and at least one heating device provided for heating at least one cooking area.
  • At least one sensor device is provided for detecting at least one characteristic variable for temperatures of the cooking area.
  • at least one control device is provided for controlling the heating device as a function of the variable detected by the sensor device.
  • at least one adjustable offset device is provided for setting an offset in order to shift an output signal of the sensor device with the offset.
  • at least one amplifier device is provided for amplifying the shifted output signal.
  • the cooking device according to the invention is particularly advantageous since an adjustable offset device is provided.
  • the offset device can be the output signal of the sensor device, for. As a voltage, move in a range that can be amplified by the amplifier device in an optimally evaluable signal.
  • the offset device is adjustable, so that the offset can be adjusted so that the amplifier device does not overdrive. This has the considerable advantage that it is not necessary to set the gain itself or to install a multi-stage amplifier device. This makes it possible to dispense with a complex calibration of the amplifier device for several areas.
  • the amplifier device may have at least two amplifier stages.
  • a predetermined amplifier stage is preferably set as a function of the output signal and / or the set offset. As a result, a different gain possible, for. B. depending on whether an output signal with a lower or higher voltage is applied.
  • the amplifier stages are preferably already factory calibrated for at least one signal range to be amplified.
  • At least one radiation source for emitting electromagnetic radiation is preferably provided.
  • the sensor device is suitable and designed to receive at least a portion of the radiation emitted by the radiation source again and output as a signal.
  • At least one control device is suitable and designed to derive a calibration value for calibrating the sensor device with the signal output by the sensor device.
  • the offset device is suitable and designed to adapt the output signal provided for deriving the calibration value by an adjustable offset.
  • the amplifier device is particularly suitable and designed to amplify the adjusted output signal.
  • the FIG. 1 shows a cooking device 1 according to the invention, which is designed here as part of a cooking appliance 100.
  • the cooking appliance 1 or the cooking appliance 100 can be designed both as a built-in appliance and as a self-sufficient cooking appliance 1 or stand-alone cooking appliance 100.
  • the cooking device 1 here comprises a hob 11 with four cooking zones 21.
  • Each of the cooking zones 21 here has at least one heatable cooking area 31 for cooking food.
  • a heating device 2 not shown here, is provided in total for each hotplate 21.
  • the heating devices 2 are designed as induction heating sources and each have an induction device 12 for this purpose.
  • a cooking area 31 is not associated with any particular cooking area 21, but represents any location on the hob 11.
  • the cooking area 31 may have a plurality of induction devices 12 and in particular a plurality of induction coils and be formed as part of a so-called full-surface induction unit.
  • a pot can be placed anywhere on the hob 11, wherein during cooking only the corresponding induction coils are driven in the pot or are active.
  • Other types of heaters 2 are also possible, such. As gas, infrared or somehowsweskan.
  • the cooking device 1 can be operated here via the operating devices 105 of the cooking appliance 100.
  • the cooking device 1 can also be designed as a self-sufficient cooking device 1 with its own operating and control device. Also possible is an operation via a touch-sensitive surface or a touch screen or remotely via a computer, a smartphone or the like.
  • the cooking appliance 100 is here designed as a stove with a cooking chamber 103, which can be closed by a cooking chamber door 104.
  • the cooking chamber 103 can be heated by various heat sources, such as a Um Kunststoffsagenmaschine.
  • Other heating sources such as a top heat radiator and a bottom heat radiator and a microwave heat source or a vapor source and the like may be provided.
  • the sensor device 3 can detect a variable, via which the temperature of a pot can be determined, which is turned off in the cooking area 31.
  • each cooking area 31 and / or each cooking place 21 may be assigned a sensor device 3. It is also possible that several cooking areas 31 and / or cooking zones 21 are provided, but not all of which have a sensor device 3.
  • the cooking device 1 is preferably designed for an automatic cooking operation and has various automatic functions.
  • a soup can be boiled briefly and then kept warm, without a user having to supervise the cooking process or set a heating level.
  • he sets the pot with the soup on a hob 21 and selects the corresponding automatic function via the operating device 105, here z.
  • the operating device 105 here z.
  • the temperature of the pot bottom is determined by means of the sensor device 3 during the cooking process.
  • a control device 106 adjusts the heating power of the heating device 2 accordingly.
  • the heating power is reduced.
  • the automatic function it is also possible by the automatic function to perform a longer cooking process at one or more different desired temperatures, for. B. to slowly let rice pudding draw.
  • a cooking device 1 is shown in a sectional side view very schematic.
  • the cooking device 1 here has a carrier device 5 designed as a glass ceramic plate 15.
  • the glass ceramic plate 15 may in particular be designed as a ceramic hob or the like or at least comprise such. Also possible are other types of support means 5.
  • On the glass ceramic plate 15 is here a cookware or food containers 200, such as a pot or a pan, in which food or food can be cooked.
  • the induction device 12 is here annular and has in the middle a recess in which the sensor device 3 is mounted.
  • Such an arrangement of the sensor device 3 has the advantage that it is still in the detection range 83 of the sensor device even if the food container 200 is not centered on the cooking point 21.
  • a sensor device 3 which detects heat radiation in a detection region 83 here.
  • the detection area 83 is provided in the installed position of the cooking device 1 above the sensor device 3 and extends upward through the glass ceramic plate 15 to the food container 200 and beyond, if there is no food container 200 is placed there.
  • the detected thermal radiation is converted by the sensor device 3 into electrical voltage.
  • the sensor device 3 has one or more sensor units 13, 23, not shown here, which supply this voltage as a function of the detected thermal radiation as an output signal 130 (cf. FIG. 6 ) output. So that it can be evaluated for temperature determination, the output signal 130 is amplified accordingly.
  • an amplifier device 620 is provided here. Since the output signal 130 may vary due to different temperature conditions in the cooking region 31, signal values can occur that are no longer in the linear region of the amplifier device 620. The amplifier overrides then and a reliable temperature determination is difficult.
  • a displacement device 610 which causes the output signal 130 coming from the sensor unit 13 to be shifted into a region which does not lead to overdriving of the amplifier device 620.
  • the amplifier device 620 can be supplied with an optimally amplifiable signal even in very different cooking situations. A change in the gain is therefore not necessary. Since a change in the gain would require a complex calibration for the corresponding areas, thus costs can be saved.
  • the FIG. 3 shows a schematic cooking device 1 in a sectional side view.
  • the cooking device 1 has a glass ceramic plate 15, below which the induction device 12 and the sensor device 3 are mounted.
  • the sensor device 3 has a first sensor unit 13 and another sensor unit 23. Both sensor units 13, 23 are suitable for non-contact detection of thermal radiation and designed as a thermopile or thermopile.
  • the sensor units 13, 23 are each equipped with a filter device 43, 53 and provided for detecting heat radiation emanating from the cooking area 31.
  • the thermal radiation emanates, for example, from the bottom of a food container 200, penetrates the glass ceramic plate 15 and reaches the sensor units 13, 23.
  • the sensor device 3 is advantageously mounted directly underneath the glass ceramic plate 15 in order to maximize the proportion of heat radiation emanating from the cooking region 31 without great losses to be able to capture.
  • the sensor units 13, 23 are provided close to below the glass ceramic plate 15.
  • a magnetic shielding device 4 which consists of a ferrite body 14 here.
  • the ferrite body 14 is essentially designed here as a hollow cylinder and surrounds the sensor units 13, 23 in an annular manner.
  • the magnetic shielding device 4 shields the sensor device 3 against electromagnetic interactions and in particular against the electromagnetic field of the induction device 12. Without such shielding, the magnetic field generated by induction device 12 during operation could undesirably heat parts of sensor device 3 as well, resulting in unreliable temperature sensing and inferior measurement accuracy.
  • the magnetic shielding device 4 thus considerably improves the accuracy and reproducibility of the temperature detection.
  • the magnetic shielding device 4 may also consist at least in part of at least one at least partially magnetic material and an at least partially electrically non-conductive material.
  • the magnetic material and the electrically non-conductive material may be arranged alternately and in layers. Also possible are other materials or materials which have at least partially magnetic properties and also have electrically insulating properties or at least low electrical conductivity.
  • the sensor device 3 has at least one optical screen device 7, which is provided to shield radiation influences and in particular heat radiation, which act on the sensor units 13, 23 from outside the detection zone 83.
  • the optical shield device 7 is designed here as a tube or a cylinder 17, wherein the cylinder 17 is hollow and the sensor units 13, 23 surrounds approximately annular.
  • the cylinder 17 is made of stainless steel here. This has the advantage that the cylinder 17 has a reflective surface which reflects a large portion of the heat radiation or absorbs as little heat radiation as possible. The high reflectivity of the surface on the Outside of the cylinder 17 is particularly advantageous for the shielding against heat radiation.
  • the high reflectivity of the surface on the inside of the cylinder 17 is also advantageous in order to direct thermal radiation from (and in particular only out) the detection area 83 to the sensor units 13, 23.
  • the optical screen device 7 can also be configured as a wall, which surrounds the sensor device 13, 23 at least partially and preferably annularly.
  • the cross section may be round, polygonal, oval or rounded, a design as a cone is possible.
  • an insulation device 8 for thermal insulation is provided, which is arranged between the optical shield device 7 and the magnetic shielding device 4.
  • the insulation device 8 consists here of an air layer 18, which is between the ferrite 14 and the cylinder 17.
  • the insulation device 8 in particular a heat conduction from the ferrite 14 to the cylinder 17 is counteracted.
  • the insulation device 8 has, in particular, a thickness of between approximately 0.5 mm and 5 mm and preferably a thickness of 0.8 mm to 2 mm and particularly preferably a thickness of approximately 1 mm.
  • the isolation device 8 may also be at least one medium with a correspondingly low heat conduction, such.
  • a foam material and / or a polystyrene plastic or other suitable insulating material may be at least one medium with a correspondingly low heat conduction, such.
  • a foam material and / or a polystyrene plastic or other suitable insulating material may be at least one medium with a correspondingly low heat conduction, such.
  • a foam material and / or a polystyrene plastic or other suitable insulating material such as a polystyrene plastic or other suitable insulating material.
  • the sensor units 13, 23 are arranged here in a thermally conductive manner on a thermal compensation device 9 and in particular are coupled in a thermally conductive manner to the thermal compensation device 9.
  • the thermal compensation device 9 has for this purpose two coupling devices, which are formed here as recesses in which the sensor units 13, 23 are embedded accurately. This ensures that the sensor units 13, 23 are at a common and relatively constant temperature level.
  • the thermal compensation device 9 ensures a homogeneous temperature of the sensor unit 13, 23, when they are in operation of the cooking device. 1 heated. An unequal own temperature can lead to artefacts during the detection, in particular in the case of sensor units 13, 23 designed as thermopiles.
  • a spacing between cylinder 17 and thermal compensation device 9 is provided.
  • the copper plate 19 may also be provided as the bottom 27 of the cylinder 17.
  • the thermal compensation device 9 is designed here as a solid copper plate 19.
  • the thermal compensation device 9 is also possible at least in part another material with a correspondingly high heat capacity and / or a high thermal conductivity.
  • the sensor device 3 here has a radiation source 63, which can be used to determine the reflection properties of the measuring system or the emissivity of a food container 200.
  • the radiation source 63 is embodied here as a lamp 111, which emits a signal in the wavelength range of the infrared light and the visible light.
  • the radiation source 63 may also be formed as a diode or the like.
  • the lamp 111 is used here in addition to the reflection determination for signaling the operating state of the cooking device 1.
  • a region of the thermal compensation device 9 and the copper plate 19 is formed as a reflector.
  • the copper plate 19 has a concave-shaped depression, in which the lamp 111 is arranged.
  • the copper plate 19 is also coated with a gold-containing coating to increase the reflectivity.
  • the gold-containing layer has the advantage that it also protects the thermal compensation device 9 from corrosion.
  • the thermal compensation device 9 is attached to a holding device 10 designed as a plastic holder.
  • the holding device 10 has a connecting device, not shown here, by means of which the holding device 10 can be latched to a support means 30.
  • the support device 30 is formed here as a printed circuit board 50. On the support means 30 and the circuit board 50 also other components may be provided, such. As electronic components, control and computing devices and / or mounting or mounting elements.
  • a sealing device 6 is provided, which is designed here as a micanite layer 16.
  • the micanite layer 16 is used for thermal insulation, so that the induction device 12 is not heated by the heat of the cooking area 31.
  • the micanite layer 16 seals the sensor device 3 dust-tight against the remaining regions of the cooking device 1.
  • the micanite layer 16 has a thickness between about 0.2 mm and 4 mm, preferably from 0.2 mm to 1.5 mm and particularly preferably a thickness of 0.3 mm to 0.8 mm.
  • the cooking device 1 has on the underside a cover 41, which is designed here as an aluminum plate and the induction device 12 covers.
  • the covering device 41 is connected to a housing 60 of the sensor device 3 via a screw connection 122.
  • the sensor device 3 is arranged elastically relative to the glass ceramic plate 15.
  • a damping device 102 is provided which has a spring device 112 here.
  • the spring device 112 is connected at a lower end to the inside of the housing 60 and at an upper end to the printed circuit board 50.
  • the spring device 112 presses the printed circuit board 50 with the ferrite body 14 and the micanite layer 16 mounted thereon upwards against the glass ceramic plate 15.
  • Such an elastic arrangement is particularly advantageous since the sensor device 3 should be arranged as close as possible to the glass ceramic plate 15 for metrological reasons , This directly adjacent arrangement of the sensor device 3 on the glass ceramic plate 15 could cause damage to the glass ceramic plate 15 in the event of impacts or impacts. Due to the elastic reception of the sensor device 3 relative to the carrier device 5, shocks or impacts are damped on the glass ceramic plate 15 and thus reliably prevent such damage.
  • the first sensor unit 13 detects heat radiation emanating from the bottom of the pot as mixed radiation together with the heat radiation which is emitted by the glass-ceramic plate 15.
  • the portion of the radiation output emanating from the glass ceramic plate 15 is calculated out of the mixed radiation power.
  • the other sensor unit 23 is provided to heat only the heat To detect glass ceramic plate 15.
  • the other sensor unit 23 has a filter device 53, which transmits essentially only radiation having a wavelength greater than 5 ⁇ m to the sensor unit 23. The reason for this is that radiation with a wavelength greater than 5 microns is not or hardly transmitted by the glass ceramic plate 15.
  • the other sensor unit 23 thus essentially detects the heat radiation emitted by the glass ceramic plate 15.
  • the proportion of the heat radiation, which is emitted from the glass ceramic plate 15 can be determined in a conventional manner.
  • the first sensor unit 13 is equipped with a filter device 43 which is very permeable to radiation in this wavelength range, while the filter device 43 substantially reflects radiation from other wavelength ranges.
  • the filter devices 43, 53 are each designed here as an interference filter and in particular as a bandpass filter or as a longpass filter.
  • the determination of a temperature from a specific radiant power is a known method.
  • the decisive factor is that the emissivity of the body is known, from which the temperature is to be determined. In the present case, therefore, the emissivity of the pot bottom must be known or determined for a reliable temperature determination.
  • the sensor device 3 here has the advantage that it is designed to determine the emissivity of a Gargut variousers 200. This is particularly advantageous, since thus any cookware can be used and not just a specific food container whose emissivity must be known in advance.
  • the lamp 111 In order to determine the emissivity of the pot bottom, the lamp 111 emits a signal which has a proportion of heat radiation in the wavelength range of the infrared light.
  • the radiant power or thermal radiation of the lamp 111 passes through the glass ceramic plate 15 on the bottom of the pot and is partially reflected there and partially absorbed.
  • the reflected radiation passes through the glass ceramic plate 15 back to the sensor device 3, where it is detected by the first sensor unit 13 as mixed radiation from the bottom of the pot and the glass ceramic plate 15.
  • the own thermal radiation of the bottom of the pot and the Glass ceramic plate on the first sensor unit 13. Therefore, then the lamp 111 is turned off and only the heat radiation of the pot bottom and the glass ceramic plate detected.
  • the proportion of the reflected signal radiation then results in principle from the previously detected total radiation minus the heat radiation of the pot bottom and the glass ceramic plate.
  • the degree of absorption of the pot bottom and thus its emissivity can be determined in a known manner, since the absorption capacity of a body corresponds in principle to the emissivity of a body and the proportion of absorbed by the pot radiation is 1 minus reflected radiation.
  • the emissivity is redetermined here at certain intervals. This has the advantage that a subsequent change in the emissivity does not lead to a falsified measurement result.
  • a change in the emissivity may occur, for example, when the cookware bottom has different emissivities and is displaced on the cooking surface 21. Different emissivities are very common in cookware trays observed because z. B. already light soiling, corrosion or even different coatings or coatings can have a major impact on the emissivity.
  • the lamp 111 is also used here for signaling the operating state of the cooking device 1 in addition to the determination of the emissivity or the determination of the reflection behavior of the measuring system.
  • the signal of the lamp 111 also includes visible light, which is perceptible by the glass-ceramic plate 15.
  • the lamp 111 indicates to a user that an automatic function is in operation.
  • Such an automatic function can, for. B. be a cooking operation, in which the heater 2 is controlled automatically in dependence of the determined pot temperature. This is particularly advantageous because the lighting up of the lamp 111 does not confuse the user.
  • the user knows from experience that the lighting is an operation indicator and belongs to the normal appearance of the cooking device 1. He can therefore be sure that a flash of the lamp 111 is not a malfunction and the cooking device 1 may not work properly.
  • the lamp 111 may also light up in a certain duration and at certain intervals. It is possible z. B. also that different operating states can be output via different flashing frequencies. Different signals are also possible via different on / off sequences.
  • a sensor device 3 is provided with a radiation source 63, which is suitable for displaying at least one operating state.
  • At least one arithmetic unit may be provided for the necessary calculations for determining the temperature and for the evaluation of the detected variables.
  • the arithmetic unit can be at least partially provided on the circuit board 50.
  • the control device 106 it is also possible, for example, for the control device 106 to be designed accordingly, or at least one separate arithmetic unit is provided.
  • the FIG. 4 shows a development in which below the glass ceramic plate 15, a security sensor 73 is attached.
  • the safety sensor 73 is formed here as a temperature-sensitive resistor, such as a thermistor or an NTC sensor, and thermally conductively connected to the glass ceramic plate 15.
  • the safety sensor 73 is provided here to be able to detect a temperature of the cooking area 31 and in particular of the glass ceramic plate 15. If the temperature exceeds a certain value, there is a risk of overheating and the heaters 2 are switched off.
  • the safety sensor 73 is operatively connected to a safety device, not shown here, which can trigger a safety state depending on the detected temperature.
  • a security condition has z. B. the shutdown of the heaters 2 and the cooking device 1 result.
  • the safety sensor 73 is assigned here as a further sensor unit 33 of the sensor device 3.
  • the values detected by the safety sensor 73 are also taken into account for the determination of the temperature by the sensor device 3.
  • the values of the safety sensor 73 are used. So z. B. the temperature, which was determined by means of the other sensor unit 23 on the detected thermal radiation, are compared with the temperature detected by the safety sensor 73. This adjustment can on the one hand serve to control the function of the sensor device 3, but on the other hand can also be used for a tuning or adjustment of the sensor device 3.
  • the task of the other sensor unit 23 can also be taken over by the safety sensor 73 in an embodiment not shown here.
  • the safety sensor 73 serves to determine the temperature of the glass ceramic plate 15. For example, with knowledge of this temperature from the heat radiation, which detects the first sensor unit 13, the proportion of a pot bottom can be determined.
  • Such a configuration has the advantage that the other sensor unit 23 and an associated filter device 53 can be saved.
  • the FIG. 5 shows, by way of example, various amplifier signals 621.1, 621.2, 621.3 of the amplifier device 620 based on different output signals 130 (cf. FIG. 6 ) of the first sensor unit 13.
  • the output voltage 662 of the amplifier device 620 was tapped here and plotted over time 302.
  • the amplifier signals 621.1, 621.2, 621.3 shown here are based on different output signals 130 that have not been adjusted by an offset 600. Due to the lack of offset matching, the amplifier device 620 is overdriven at the upper amplifier signal 621.3, while the lower two amplifier signals 621.1, 621.2 are in the linear amplifier range.
  • the lamp 111 is turned on 631 and the output voltage 662 rises accordingly.
  • the output voltage 662 drops accordingly.
  • the lamp state 632 is entered as a dashed curve.
  • the first output signal 621.1 shows the signal profile when the food container 200 and the glass ceramic plate 15 are still cold or have room temperature.
  • the second output signal 621.2 reflects the waveform when the food container 200 and the glass ceramic plate 15 are hot, z. B. during a usual cooking process.
  • the signal characteristics of both amplifier output signals 621.1, 621.2 unambiguously reflect the lamp state 632, so that a reliable reflectance determination is possible.
  • the third output signal 621.3 shows the waveform when the food container 200 is hot and the glass-ceramic plate 15 is very hot and in particular hotter than 150 ° C, which z. B. can occur even with induction hobs in frying operations. In this case, an overdriving of the amplifier device 620 occurs. With such a signal curve, reliable determination of the reflectance is no longer possible.
  • One approach would be, for example, to reduce the gain, which would however corresponding losses with respect to the resolution and thus the accuracy of the reflectance measurement result, since the output signal 130 of the sensor unit must be suitably high amplified in order to obtain a sufficient resolution for the reflection measurement.
  • a change in gain would also require a corresponding calibration for that range, which adversely affects the manufacturing cost.
  • the offset 600 (cf. FIG. 7 ) is advantageously selected such that the voltage of the input signal based on the output signal 130 for the amplifier device 620 is shifted into a voltage range in which a possible linear amplification is ensured.
  • the FIG. 6 shows a schematic amplifier device 620 with a shifter 610 and a differentiation device 650.
  • the output signal 130 of the first sensor unit 13 is supplied via the intermediate difference formation device 650 as an input signal 651 of the amplifier device 620 and amplified by this.
  • the now amplified by the amplifier means 620 output signal 130 of the first sensor unit 13 leaves the amplifier means 620 as the amplifier signal 621 and can be further evaluated for temperature determination, for. B. from the sensor device 3 itself or from the controller 106th
  • Further signals of the sensor device 3 and in particular the output signal 130 of the other sensor unit 23 can likewise be supplied to the amplifier device 620.
  • two or more amplifier stages may be provided.
  • the amplifier signal 621 is forwarded to the shifter 610.
  • the shifter 610 evaluates the incoming amplifier signal 621. If the signal lies in an overdriven area or outside a range defined by a threshold value 663 (cf. FIG. 7 ), the shifter 610 effects an adjustment of the output signal 130 of the sensor unit, before it is supplied as an input signal 651 to the amplifier device 620, by an offset 600, in order to push the resulting amplifier signal 621 back into a region which does not overdrive.
  • the reference voltage 641 applied to the second input of the intermediate device 650 connected between the sensor unit and amplifier device is adapted via a fine adjustment.
  • a differential voltage which can then be amplified by the amplifier device 620, so that the difference voltage Voltage of the input signal 651 for the amplifier device is.
  • a suitably high reference voltage is set. This results from the reference voltage minus the output signal voltage, a differential voltage which is smaller than the voltage of the output signal 130 and thus can be amplified without overdriving.
  • Versatz pain 610 at least one microcontroller 611 with at least one input module 612 and at least one output module 614 is provided.
  • the input module 612 comprises an A / D converter, which preferably also serves to measure the incoming amplifier signal 621.
  • the output module 614 comprises a D / converter and / or a PWM output for switching over reference voltages, preferably in combination with a low-pass filter, and / or at least one digital output. It may also be provided as shown here, an additional circuit 640 for fine adjustment. The fine adjustment takes place in particular before the actual reflection measurement is carried out. With this solution, an equivalent measurement of the reflectance is independent of the instantaneous temperature of the glass ceramic plate 15 and the cooking vessel possible.
  • the amplifier means may also be formed as an operational amplifier and thereby include the difference-forming means, so that it is not carried out separately.
  • Such an amplifier device would have two inputs, wherein the output signal of the sensor device is applied to one input and the reference voltage set in each case by the offset device is present at the other input.
  • FIG. 7 a profile of an amplifier signal 621 is sketched.
  • the output voltage 662 at the amplifier was plotted against the output voltage 661 of the sensor signal, that is, the voltage of the output signal 130 of the sensor unit.
  • the output signal 130 to be amplified is automatically adjusted by the offset 600 when the amplifier signal 621 reaches a threshold 663 at which overdriving is imminent.
  • the offset 600 is set by the microcontroller 611, which applies a suitable reference voltage to the subtraction device 650.
  • the reference voltage is set here so that the maximum permissible input voltage 651 results as the differential voltage, which does not lead to overdriving the amplifier.
  • the offset 600 is selected here from a group of skews 601, 602, 603, 604, depending on how high the exceeded threshold value is.
  • Each offset 600 is characterized by a predetermined voltage. The result is the characteristic Z offset shown here, i. This allows signals with a very wide voltage range to be amplified without the amplifier device 620 having to have multiple stages or amplifier regions. As a result, calibrations of amplifier ranges can be saved.
  • the offset 600 is taken back accordingly.
  • the corresponding amplifier signal 621 always lies in a linear range and thus offers an optimum resolution, so that a reliable temperature determination based on the output signal 130 is possible.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Induction Heating Cooking Devices (AREA)
  • Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Procédé destiné à faire fonctionner un mécanisme de cuisson (1) avec tout au moins une plaque de cuisson (11) et avec tout au moins un mécanisme de chauffage (2), lequel est prévu en vue du chauffage de tout au moins une zone de cuisson (31), et avec tout au moins un mécanisme de capteur (3) en vue de la détection de tout au moins une grandeur caractéristique pour des températures de la zone de cuisson (31), et avec tout au moins un mécanisme de commande (106) ;
    dans lequel le mécanisme de commande pilote le mécanisme de chauffage (2) tout au moins en fonction de la grandeur détectée par le mécanisme de capteur (3) ;
    dans lequel tout au moins un signal de sortie (130) du mécanisme de capteur (3) est adapté par l'intermédiaire de tout au moins un décalage (600) qui peut être réglé, puis est ensuite amplifié ;
    caractérisé en ce que
    le décalage (600) est réglé en fonction d'un calibrage du mécanisme de capteur (3) ;
    dans lequel un autre décalage (600) est réglé pour un calibrage que pour la détection des grandeurs de mesure en vue de la détermination de la température.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que le décalage (600) est réglé par l'intermédiaire d'une tension de référence.
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le décalage (600) est réglé en fonction de la tension du signal de sortie (130).
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que tout au moins une source de rayonnement (63) émet, tout au moins par moments, un rayonnement électromagnétique en vue du calibrage du mécanisme de capteur (3) et tout au moins une partie du rayonnement émis par la source de rayonnement (63) est reçue de nouveau par le mécanisme de capteur (3) ;
    dans lequel une valeur de calibrage est déduite au moyen du signal de sortie (130) émis par le mécanisme de capteur (3) et est utilisée en vue du calibrage du mécanisme de capteur (3) ; et
    dans lequel le signal de sortie (130) prévu en vue de la déduction de la valeur de calibrage est adapté par l'intermédiaire de tout au moins un décalage (600) réglé.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le décalage (600) est réglé en amont du calibrage.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le signal de sortie (130) prévu en vue de la déduction de la valeur de calibrage est adapté par l'intermédiaire d'un autre décalage (600) que le signal de sortie (130) pour la détection de tout au moins une grandeur caractéristique pour des températures de la zone de cuisson (31).
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le décalage (600) est réglé quand une valeur prédéterminée du signal de sortie (130) est atteinte.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le décalage (600) est réglé, quand le signal de sortie (130) conduit à une saturation d'un mécanisme d'amplificateur (620) employé en vue de l'amplification.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la tension du signal de sortie (130) est adaptée à tout au moins une tension prédéterminée sous la forme d'un décalage (600).
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une amplification prédéterminée est réglée en fonction du signal de sortie (130) et/ou du décalage (600) réglé.
  11. Mécanisme de cuisson (1) avec tout au moins une plaque de cuisson (11) et avec tout au moins un mécanisme de chauffage (2), lequel est prévu en vue du chauffage de tout au moins une zone de cuisson (31), et avec tout au moins un mécanisme de capteur (3) en vue de la détection de tout au moins une grandeur caractéristique pour des températures de la zone de cuisson (31), et avec tout au moins un mécanisme de commande (106) destiné à la commande du mécanisme de chauffage (2) en fonction de la grandeur détectée par le mécanisme de capteur (3) ;
    dans lequel tout au moins un mécanisme de décalage (610) qui peut être réglée est prévu en vue du réglage de tout au moins un décalage (600), afin de décaler tout au moins un signal de sortie (130) du mécanisme de capteur (3) au moyen du décalage (600) ; et
    dans lequel tout au moins un mécanisme d'amplificateur (620) est prévu en vue de l'amplification du signal de sortie (130) décalé ;
    caractérisé en ce que le décalage (600) est réglé en fonction d'un calibrage du mécanisme de capteur (3) ;
    dans lequel le signal de sortie (130) prévu en vue de la déduction de la valeur de calibrage est adapté par l'intermédiaire d'un autre décalage (600) que le signal de sortie (130) pour la détection de tout au moins une grandeur caractéristique pour des températures de la zone de cuisson (31).
  12. Mécanisme de cuisson (1) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que le mécanisme d'amplificateur (620) présente tout au moins deux niveaux d'amplificateur ;
    dans lequel un niveau d'amplificateur prédéterminé est réglé en fonction du signal de sortie (130) et/ou du décalage (600) réglé.
  13. Mécanisme de cuisson (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, en vue du calibrage du mécanisme de capteur (3), tout au moins une source de rayonnement (63) est prévue en vue de l'émission d'un rayonnement électromagnétique ;
    dans lequel le mécanisme de capteur (3) est approprié et constitué pour recevoir de nouveau tout au moins une partie du rayonnement émis par la source de rayonnement (63) et de le transmettre sous la forme d'un signal ; et
    dans lequel un mécanisme de commande (106) est approprié et constitué pour déduire une valeur de calibrage en vue du calibrage du mécanisme de capteur (3) au moyen du signal émis par le mécanisme de capteur ;
    dans lequel le mécanisme de décalage (610) est approprié et constitué pour adapter le signal de sortie (130) prévu en vue de la déduction de la valeur de calibrage par l'intermédiaire d'un décalage (600) qui peut être réglé.
EP14747955.4A 2013-08-09 2014-08-07 Equipement de cuisson et methode pour controler le dit equipement Active EP3031296B1 (fr)

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DE102013108644.6A DE102013108644A1 (de) 2013-08-09 2013-08-09 Kocheinrichtung und Verfahren zum Betreiben der Kocheinrichtung
PCT/EP2014/066976 WO2015018885A1 (fr) 2013-08-09 2014-08-07 Dispositif de cuisson et procédé pour le faire fonctionner

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EP4261505B1 (fr) * 2022-04-14 2024-10-30 Melexis Technologies NV Appareil de mesure de réflectivité et son procédé de mesure de réflectivité

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JP2013101835A (ja) * 2011-11-09 2013-05-23 Hitachi Appliances Inc 誘導加熱調理器

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DE3813545A1 (de) * 1988-04-22 1989-11-02 Asea Brown Boveri Messbereichsschalter zur automatischen messbereichseinstellung
JP2002075624A (ja) * 2000-08-31 2002-03-15 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 誘導加熱調理器
JP3975864B2 (ja) * 2002-08-30 2007-09-12 松下電器産業株式会社 誘導加熱調理器
DE102006045893A1 (de) * 2006-09-28 2008-04-03 Siemens Ag Automatische Verschiebung des Messwerterfassungsbereichs einer sensorischen Messeinrichtung
ATE479316T1 (de) 2007-06-05 2010-09-15 Miele & Cie Verfahren zur kochfeldsteuerung und kochfeld zur durchführung des verfahrens
JP2009181963A (ja) * 2009-05-18 2009-08-13 Panasonic Corp 誘導加熱調理器

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JP2013101835A (ja) * 2011-11-09 2013-05-23 Hitachi Appliances Inc 誘導加熱調理器

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