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EP3010368B1 - Applikator zum auftragen eines produkts auf die wimpern, die augenbrauen oder die haut - Google Patents

Applikator zum auftragen eines produkts auf die wimpern, die augenbrauen oder die haut Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3010368B1
EP3010368B1 EP14741390.0A EP14741390A EP3010368B1 EP 3010368 B1 EP3010368 B1 EP 3010368B1 EP 14741390 A EP14741390 A EP 14741390A EP 3010368 B1 EP3010368 B1 EP 3010368B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spikes
applicator
longitudinal axis
application
pins
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP14741390.0A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3010368A1 (de
Inventor
Eric Caulier
Marcel Sanchez
Audrey THENIN
Karen Teboul
Cécile CADORE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LOreal SA
Original Assignee
LOreal SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR1355865A external-priority patent/FR3007256B1/fr
Priority claimed from FR1355871A external-priority patent/FR3007257B1/fr
Application filed by LOreal SA filed Critical LOreal SA
Publication of EP3010368A1 publication Critical patent/EP3010368A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3010368B1 publication Critical patent/EP3010368B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
    • A45D40/00—Casings or accessories specially adapted for storing or handling solid or pasty toiletry or cosmetic substances, e.g. shaving soaps or lipsticks
    • A45D40/26—Appliances specially adapted for applying pasty paint, e.g. using roller, using a ball
    • A45D40/262—Appliances specially adapted for applying pasty paint, e.g. using roller, using a ball using a brush or the like
    • A45D40/265—Appliances specially adapted for applying pasty paint, e.g. using roller, using a ball using a brush or the like connected to the cap of the container
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46B—BRUSHES
    • A46B3/00—Brushes characterised by the way in which the bristles are fixed or joined in or on the brush body or carrier
    • A46B3/005—Bristle carriers and bristles moulded as a unit
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46B—BRUSHES
    • A46B9/00—Arrangements of the bristles in the brush body
    • A46B9/02—Position or arrangement of bristles in relation to surface of the brush body, e.g. inclined, in rows, in groups
    • A46B9/021—Position or arrangement of bristles in relation to surface of the brush body, e.g. inclined, in rows, in groups arranged like in cosmetics brushes, e.g. mascara, nail polish, eye shadow
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46B—BRUSHES
    • A46B2200/00—Brushes characterized by their functions, uses or applications
    • A46B2200/10—For human or animal care
    • A46B2200/1046—Brush used for applying cosmetics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46B—BRUSHES
    • A46B2200/00—Brushes characterized by their functions, uses or applications
    • A46B2200/10—For human or animal care
    • A46B2200/1046—Brush used for applying cosmetics
    • A46B2200/1053—Cosmetics applicator specifically for mascara

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an applicator for applying a product to the eyebrows, eyelashes or the skin, in particular the skin at the level of the eyebrows, a packaging and application device comprising such an applicator and a cosmetic treatment method.
  • the patent US8,051,860 discloses a device for applying a coloring cosmetic composition in the region of the eyebrows, comprising a tip impregnated with said composition. Such a device is used in the manner of a buffer.
  • EP 1 649 777 A2 discloses a device for packaging and applying a product on the eyelashes or the eyebrows, especially mascara, comprising a comb having a relatively small number of teeth. Such a device is particularly suitable for makeup eyelashes of the corner of the eye.
  • WO 2010/007588 A2 discloses an applicator having teeth extending in different directions, connecting to a body of generally cylindrical shape along the longitudinal axis of the applicator member. Although the application of product on the eyelashes is envisaged, such an applicator is more particularly suitable for the application of the product on the eyelashes of the eye.
  • Requirement FR 2 564 712 discloses an applicator for applying cosmetic product, provided with a plurality of molded teeth extending axially from one end of the handle.
  • Requirement FR 2,814,923 discloses an applicator for the application of cosmetic product, especially on nails.
  • an applicator for applying a cosmetic product to the skin of the eyelids comprising at least two tips that can be flocked, these tips being connected to a mounting tip on the applicator shaft.
  • the invention is more particularly intended to meet this need, and it achieves this through an applicator for the application of a product, as defined in claim 1 of the present application.
  • the user has an applicator that is particularly suitable for precise makeup of the fringe of the eyebrows.
  • the user can use the applicator to color the eyebrows, without staining the skin.
  • the user also has a way to draw fine and precise lines on the skin of the eyebrows to compensate for the absence or lack of hair
  • this applicator is used with a container equipped with a wiper member, as detailed below.
  • the arrangement of the pins on the lateral surface of the applicator member and their orientation relative to the longitudinal axis of the body facilitates the wringing of the applicator to limit the quantity of product retained and makes the applicator easy to use in order to to reproduce the natural disposition of the hairs.
  • pins is meant individualizable projecting elements used for the application of the product.
  • the pins are preferably conically shaped and tapered toward their distal end.
  • the pins preferably have, at their distal end, abstraction made of flocking, a radius of curvature of between 0.01 and 0.3 mm. The pins then end with a fine point helping to achieve fine and precise features.
  • the applicator member has a longer picot located near its distal end.
  • This pin is preferably of longitudinal axis located in a median plane of symmetry of the applicator member.
  • a longer pin, close to the distal end of the applicator member, is advantageous in that it allows the user to have both a well-wrung pin and a stock of product. in the vicinity of this pin, consisting of the drop of product which tends to remain in the extension of the applicator member after spinning, because not removed by the wiper member.
  • Such a pin can help the user in the realization of a precise and neat makeup on the eyebrows.
  • the flocking makes it possible to keep the product on the pins after spinning to obtain the trace of fine, precise and homogeneous lines of product.
  • the pins preferably extend each with their longitudinal axis contained in a plane parallel to the longitudinal axis of the body.
  • the longitudinal axes of the pins may be located in the median plane of the applicator member. The pins are then aligned longitudinally.
  • the longitudinal axes of the pins are parallel to the median plane of the applicator member and are spaced from the latter by a distance of between 0.25 mm and 1.5 mm.
  • the pins preferably occupy different axial positions on the longitudinal axis of the body.
  • the pins preferably have a length of between 2 mm and 4 mm.
  • the distance between the longitudinal axes of the pins is preferably greater than or equal to 0.5 mm. Such a separation of the pins allows a good separation of the features made simultaneously.
  • the applicator may comprise a succession of a maximum of three to five pins, better 4 or 5 in the direction of the length of the application face and / or of three to five pins in the direction of the width of the application face.
  • the total number of pins carried by the applicator member is thus relatively small and preferably between 8 and 15.
  • the number of pins is less than or equal to three, preferably equal to two or three. This limited number of pimples makes it possible to obtain a realistic imitation of the eyebrow hairs, and to avoid staining the hair.
  • a number of pins strictly greater than one allows in particular to draw on the skin several lines at the same time, and reduces the time required for makeup.
  • the applicator member is preferably used with a more fluid cosmetic composition than a mascara conventionally used for the makeup of the eyelashes of the eyelid.
  • the pins are preferably of longitudinal axis parallel to the same direction, which is preferably non-parallel and not perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the applicator member.
  • the longitudinal axis of the pins is preferably at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the applicator member which is not straight, so that the pins are oriented obliquely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the rod, preferably at an angle ⁇ of between 5 and 85 °, more preferably between 30 and 80 °.
  • the pins are thus preferably oriented towards the front of the applicator.
  • no pin is of longitudinal axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rod. Also preferably, no pin is of longitudinal axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rod.
  • the longitudinal axis of the applicator member may or may not coincide with the longitudinal axis of the rod.
  • the pins may not be flocked because it reduces the amount of product retained end and therefore the risk of applying the product on the skin.
  • the length of the pins can thus grow closer to the end. free of the applicator member, preferably at least 20%, passing for example from 2.4 mm to 3 mm, in this case 25% increase.
  • the applicator may have a longer stitch, which is closest to the distal end at its base.
  • This pin can be unique, that is to say that all other pins have a shorter length.
  • the application face on which the pins are connected is preferably inclined relative to the longitudinal axis of the applicator member.
  • the pins may be connected in a non-straight manner on this application face, preferably being slightly inclined forwards when the applicator member is observed in section in a plane parallel to its longitudinal axis, for example in section in a median plane when the applicator member has a central row extending along this median plane.
  • the pins are locally connected, preferably, perpendicular to the lateral surface of the body.
  • the longer pin may be connected by its base to the application face set back from the free end of the applicator member, a distance that is for example substantially equal to the distance separating it from the pin next within the longitudinal row that has the two pins.
  • the body of the applicator member has an application face on which the pins are connected, this face having a portion whose width decreases towards the distal end.
  • the pins may project on the application face, at least for some of them being connected to the portion of decreasing width, with a succession of at least three pins in the direction of the width of the application face and a succession of at least three pins in the direction of its length.
  • a narrower shape at the end of the applicator member is compatible with implantation of the pins suitable for precise and effective makeup of the fringe of the eyebrows, and the distal end of the applicator member can then be used to disciplining the eyebrows, as well as the back of the applicator, opposite to the application face, which can be achieved without application element.
  • All the pins are preferably located on the portion of the application face whose width decreases.
  • the back of the applicator member, opposite to the application face carrying the pins is smooth. This back can be used to discipline the eyelashes during make-up, as indicated previously.
  • the pins may be arranged in rows with preferably a constant gap within the same row and, more preferably, a constant gap between the pins for all rows.
  • the number of pins per row decreases as one moves away from a longitudinal median plane of the applicator.
  • the applicator member comprises a central row which has the largest number of pins, and the other rows have fewer pins than this central row.
  • the latter is preferably located along a median plane of symmetry for the applicator member.
  • the pins are preferably arranged in rows aligned in the direction of the length of the application face.
  • the pins may be arranged in rows parallel to the longitudinal axis of the applicator member. These rows may or may not be offset relative to each other in the longitudinal direction of the applicator member, the offset between two adjacent rows being for example between 1 ⁇ 4 and 3 ⁇ 4 of the average spacing between the pins within the same row, gauge measured at the base of the pins.
  • the application face may be slightly convex towards the outside, and the envelope surface defined by the free ends of the pins may also be convex outwards, being for example parallel to the application face.
  • the free ends of the pins all belong to the same plane, which preferably is not parallel to the longitudinal axis of the applicator member.
  • the body of the applicator member preferably has a generally flattened shape in a plane of flattening, which can be oriented generally perpendicular to a median plane for the application face.
  • the greatest width of the body of the applicator member is preferably greater than the length of the larger of the pins.
  • the greatest width w max the body of the applicator member may be greater than the diameter of stem of the applicator rod in its region adjacent to the applicator member.
  • the pins of the pins may be oriented substantially perpendicular to said flattening plane.
  • a flattened shape of the body of the applicator member is advantageous in that it tends to ovalize the wiper member as the applicator member passes and may lead to further spinsing of the spikes, which reduces the amount of product present at their ends and decreases the risk of staining the skin by excessive product intake.
  • the applicator member comprises a central row of at least three pins, preferably four pins, the length of which increases, preferably linearly approaching the free end of the application member, and two lateral rows of at least two pins each, preferably axially offset from the central row by about half the distance between two consecutive teeth, measured at their base, of the central row .
  • All the pins are in this preferred embodiment present on a portion of the application face whose width decreases towards the free end of the applicator member.
  • the pimples connect to an inclined application face and are preferably longitudinal axes parallel to each other, being preferably all inclined forwardly.
  • the spikes can all be of the same length and the spikes are preferably flocked over their entire surface.
  • the flocking hairs preferably have a length less than or equal to 0.75 mm.
  • the lateral surface of the body may have a boss on which the pins are connected.
  • Such a boss makes the pins more eccentric at their base and helps strengthen the spinning spikes.
  • the presence of the boss can also facilitate the molding of the pins with the desired orientation.
  • the lateral surface of the body may have a facet, to which the pins are connected, which has, in a side view, in particular in a direction perpendicular to the aforementioned longitudinal median plane, a rectilinear profile forming an angle of between 5 ° and 85 ° with the longitudinal axis of the body.
  • the applicator member may be entirely flocked on its visible portion.
  • the applicator member may have a symmetrical shape with respect to a longitudinal median plane. At least one row of pins may extend along this longitudinal median plane.
  • the body of the applicator member, boss excluded, where appropriate, may be of revolution, in particular of cylindrical shape of revolution, with a diameter of between 2 mm and 4 mm.
  • the pins are molded with the body of the applicator member in one piece and preferably in an elastomeric material, so as to provide flexibility to the applicator member.
  • the applicator member may have sufficient flexibility for the pins and / or the body of the applicator member to be deformable during the passage through the wiper member and / or during application of the product on the eyebrows.
  • the apparent length of the applicator member may be between 10 mm and 12 mm.
  • the applicator member preferably comprises a tip which is molded in one piece with the body of the applicator member. This tip serves to mount the applicator member in the rod, the latter having a housing for this purpose.
  • the longitudinal axis of the nozzle can make a non-zero angle with the longitudinal axis of the body of the applicator member.
  • the longitudinal axis of the body of the applicator member coincides with the longitudinal axis of the endpiece.
  • the invention further relates, in another of its aspects, a packaging device and application comprising an applicator according to the invention and a container containing the product to be applied.
  • the product is, preferably, a product comprising an aqueous dispersion of hybrid acrylic film-forming hydrophobic acrylic polymer particles and at least one linear block silicone copolymer, at least one pigment, and better still at least one mineral thickening agent, preferably chosen from clays, preferably a smectite.
  • This container is preferably provided with a wiper member of the rod and the applicator member, which is traversed by the applicator member when the applicator is removed from the container. It is particularly advantageous for the body of the applicator member to be wider than the smallest inner diameter of the wiper member, since this makes it possible to wring more vigorously the spikes, whose tip thus bears less product. , which reduces the risk of staining the skin in the case of the application of the product on the eyelashes and eyebrows and can facilitate the obtaining of fine and precise lines on the skin in the case of the application of the product on the skin eyebrows and can make it easier to get a neat makeup.
  • the applicator may comprise a gripping member arranged to close the container in the absence of use. The rod of the applicator is connected to this gripping member.
  • the invention also relates to a process for making up the eyelashes or the eyebrows or the skin of the eyebrows, in which a cosmetic product is applied, using the applicator according to the invention, to the eyelashes or the eyebrows. or on the skin of the eyebrows.
  • the product can be applied to the skin by fine lines.
  • the product is advantageously taken from a container provided with a wringing member.
  • the product is applied using the pins and the application face.
  • the back of the applicator can be used to move the eyelashes without seeking to deposit the product.
  • the device 1 for packaging and application represented in the Figures 1 to 69 comprises an applicator 10 according to the invention and a container 20 containing a product P to be applied using the applicator 10 on the eyebrows.
  • the applicator 10 comprises a rod 11 which is connected to a gripping member 12 arranged to attach to the container 20 in the absence of use, in order to close the latter in a sealed manner.
  • the rod 11 carries at its distal end, opposite to the gripping member 12, an application member 30 according to the invention, comprising pins 34.
  • the rod 11 may be rectilinear and extend along a longitudinal axis Y.
  • the applicator member 30 may extend along a longitudinal axis X which may coincide with the longitudinal axis Y of the rod 11, as illustrated.
  • the attachment of the applicator 10 to the container 20 can be effected in various ways and for example by screwing the gripping member 12 on a neck 21 of the container 20.
  • This neck 21 can accommodate at least partially a body of dewatering 25 of the rod 11 and the applicator member 30, this wiper member 25 can be of any type known in itself, and in particular with a flexible lip as illustrated for example in FIG. figure 45 of the publication WO 2010/007588 A2 or to Figures 25 to 28 demand FR 2 900 036 .
  • the smaller diameter of the wiper member 25 may be equal to the diameter of the rod 11, in its portion adjacent to the applicator member.
  • the product P can still be contained in a container arranged to allow the loading the applicator member 30 into a product without passing through a wiper member.
  • the product may be contained in a container provided with a foam or a product permeable wall, in contact with which the applicator member 30 may be brought to load product.
  • the product is brought into contact with the applicator member being taken directly by the latter in a pot containing the product or applied to the applicator member 30 by extraction of a tube.
  • the rod 11 may be hollow or solid, being provided at its distal end with a housing in which may be introduced a tip 31 of the applicator member 30, visible on the figure 2 .
  • This tip 31 can be fixed in the housing of the rod 11 by any known means and for example by stapling, crimping, gluing, screwing, latching or welding.
  • the rod 11 is made in one piece with the application member 30 by molding material in one or more materials.
  • the container 20 may have a body of thermoplastic material or glass, of any shape, opaque or transparent.
  • the product P is as described later, in the "Product" section.
  • the body 32 has a circular shoulder 37 at the connection with the tip 31 and the diameter of this shoulder 37 at the base of the body 32 corresponds to the outer diameter of the rod 11, so that the body 32 comes to position itself externally in the prolongation of the rod 11, without sensitive recoil.
  • the body 32 of the applicator member defines an application face 33 which carries the pins 34.
  • the applicator member 30 is preferably made in one piece by molding a same thermoplastic material, preferably an elastomer. However, it is not beyond the scope of the present invention when the pins 34 are made of a material different from that of the body 32, for example a softer or harder material.
  • the total length L of the applicator member 30, which is apparent after assembly of the applicator member 30 on the rod 11, is for example between 10 and 12 mm.
  • the body 32 of the applicator member 30 is advantageous for the body 32 of the applicator member 30 to be wider than the inside diameter of the wiper member 25, since this makes it possible to expand the wiper lip as the applicator member passes. 30 and therefore more vigorously spun the pins 34, to leave less product in the vicinity of their free end.
  • the pins 34 may have various shapes and for example, as illustrated, a conical shape, with a hemispherical tip.
  • the pins 34 are preferably of revolution, in particular of conical shape.
  • Their base 42 may have a cross section, a diameter m between 0.4 mm and 1 mm, in particular between 0.5 mm and 0.6 mm.
  • Their distal ends 44 preferably have a radius of curvature p between 0.01 mm and 0.3 mm, more preferably between 0.05 mm and 0.15 mm.
  • the length l of the pins 34 is for example between 2 and 4 mm, being for example equal to 3.5 mm.
  • the diameter m of a pin 34 at its base is for example between 0.5 and 0.6 mm.
  • the axes of the pins 34 are preferably spaced a distance r, preferably between 0.5 mm and 2 mm, better still between 0.80 and 1 mm being for example equal to about 0.9 mm.
  • the rod 11 may have any shape but, preferably, the rod 11 has a circular section.
  • FIGS. 1 to 31 illustrate an applicator 10 for the application of a product on the eyelashes and / or eyebrows. These figures are described in more detail below.
  • the applicator 10 and / or the pins 34 for the application of a product on the eyelashes and / or eyebrows are not flocked.
  • the diameter of the rod 11 of rod is preferably less than the largest transverse dimension w max of the applicator member 30.
  • the latter deforms the wiper member 25 at its crossing.
  • the application face 33 has a portion 38 whose width decreases, from the maximum w max towards a free end 36 of the applicator member 30.
  • the width of the apparent portion of the applicator member 30, as observed on the figure 2 can decrease from the shoulder 37 then increases to reach the maximum w max , and decreases again along the portion 38.
  • the maximum width w max of the body 32 of the applicator member 30 is, for example, between 4 and 8 mm, being for example equal to 6 mm.
  • the thickness of the portion 38 can also decrease, as can be seen on the figure 3 towards the free end 36.
  • the maximum thickness e max of the body 32 is for example between 3 and 3.6 mm, being for example 3.3 mm.
  • the maximum thickness e max can be reached where the width is also maximal, and this maximum thickness can be reached in a median plane of symmetry M for the applicator member 30.
  • the applicator member 30 has a flattened cross section along a flattening plane F, which is generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pins 34 after axial projection thereof on a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the body 32, as can be seen on the figure 4 .
  • the pins 34 are of Z axis parallel to each other, thus being all oriented in the same direction, which makes an angle ⁇ with the plane F according to which the body 32 of the applicator member 30 is flattened.
  • This angle ⁇ is for example about 60 °, being preferably between 30 and 80 °. So, as we see on the figure 3 , the pins 34 are oriented towards the front of the applicator.
  • the applicator member 30 may comprise a central row 34a of pins 34 which is arranged in the median plane M, this row of pins having the largest number of pins, in this case four in the illustrated example.
  • the spacing r between two consecutive pins 34 may be between 0.80 and 1 mm being for example equal to about 0.9 mm. This spacing r can be the same within a row and the same for all the longitudinal rows, as illustrated in FIG. figure 5 .
  • the congestion s in the direction of the height, when the application member 30 is observed in projection along the longitudinal axis of the body 32 as on the figure 4 , measured between the back 39 of the applicator member and the highest free end of the pins 34, is for example between 6 and 7 mm, being for example equal to 6.5 mm.
  • the application face 33 is preferably convex, as illustrated in FIG. figure 4 .
  • the user extracts it from the container 20 and applies the product P with the pins 34 on the eyebrows.
  • the applicator member 30 passes through the wiper member 25, and the excess product is removed from the free ends of the pins 34.
  • the user places the applicator 10 on the container 20 and the gripping member 12 ensures the sealing of the latter.
  • the pin 34 which is closest to the free end 36 is longer than those of the same row.
  • the applicator member 30 comprises a central row 34a of four pins 34 and two lateral rows 34c of two pins 34 each, with a longitudinal offset between the pins 34 of a row 34c and those of the row 34a substantially of the value of the spacing r between two pins 34.
  • the pins 34 of the lateral rows 34c may also have a height l which increases while approaching the free end 36.
  • the ends of the pins 34 may all be located in the same plane N, which may be non-parallel to the longitudinal axis of the applicator member 30 and not parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rod 11 of the applicator .
  • the applicator member 30 comprises a central row of four pins and two lateral rows limited to a single pin, but the implantation of the pins 34 could be other.
  • the back of the body 32 of the applicator member 30 has a central edge, which extends in a median plane of symmetry.
  • the back of the body 32 has a twisted shape.
  • the body 32 has, in side view, a triangular general shape.
  • the body 32 is perforated, between the portion 38 of decreasing width and the attachment end 31 on the rod.
  • the body 32 has ridges 60 between the portion 38 and the endpiece 31.
  • the free end 36 is substantially flat, in front view.
  • the application face 33 is delimited on a part of its length by two opposite sides which are parallel to each other, before joining end in a rounded manner, which delimits the portion of decreasing width 38.
  • FIGS 32 to 69 described below illustrate an applicator 10 for the application of a product on the eyelashes and / or eyebrows.
  • This applicator 1 differs from the applicator of Figures 1 to 31 especially because of its shape.
  • the applicator member 30, excluding flocking is made in one piece by molding a same thermoplastic material, preferably an elastomer. Flocking is performed after demolding.
  • the body has at its distal end a chamfer 138. It may be otherwise as illustrated on the Figures 47 to 69 .
  • the body 32 has a boss 139 defining a facet 133 on which the pins 34 are connected.
  • Facet 133 is preferably convex outward.
  • the facet 133 may have, in side view, a rectilinear profile which extends along an axis W forming a non-zero angle ⁇ with the longitudinal axis X of the body 30.
  • the angle ⁇ is preferably between 5 ° and 85 °.
  • the axis W passes through the chamfer 138 at the free end of the body 32.
  • the body of the applicator member 30 is, in the example of substantially cylindrical shape and having a diameter w of between 2 mm and 4 mm, better be equal to about 2.4 mm, other than at the level of the boss 139.
  • the facet 133 can be connected to the cylindrical surface of the body 32 by convex surfaces on the sides and by a concave surface on the end of the endpiece 31.
  • the thickness of the boss 139 may decrease closer to the free end of the body 32, to become zero.
  • the applicator member 30 may comprise between one and five pins 34, preferably two pins 34, as illustrated in FIGS. Figures 32 to 40 , or three pins 34, as illustrated on the Figures 41 to 43 .
  • the pins 34 are connected to the facet 133 of the boss 139 by their base 142 and each extend towards a free end 144.
  • the pins 34 form an angle ⁇ with the longitudinal axis X of the body 32, the angle ⁇ being preferably between 5 ° and 85 °.
  • the angle ⁇ is equal to 90- ⁇ , the pins 34 being oriented, in side view, perpendicular to the axis W.
  • the pins 34 have a length l of between 2 mm and 4 mm, being for example equal to about 2.8 mm in the example of Figures 2 to 15 .
  • the pins 34 are preferably all the same length 1 .
  • the pins are sufficiently spaced apart so that the lines made using them on the skin are separated and well defined.
  • the applicator member 30 may comprise two pins 34 arranged in such a way that their longitudinal axes K are in the median plane M.
  • the applicator member 30 comprises two pins 34 arranged in such a way that their longitudinal axes K are parallel but not coincidental with the median plane M.
  • the longitudinal axes of the pins are preferably spaced apart from the median plane M of a distance u between 0.25 mm and 1.5 mm.
  • the bases 142 of the pins 34 have different axial positions x 1 and x 2 on the longitudinal axis X of the body 32.
  • the pins 34 are flocked and have flock bristles 36 held by an adhesive at their base on the surface of the pins 34 as obtained by molding material.
  • the entire apparent portion of the applicator member 30 is flocked.
  • the length of the bristles 36 of flocking is preferably between 0.5 mm and 1 mm.
  • the applicator member 30 may comprise three pins 34.
  • One of the three pins 34 may be aligned with the median plane M, the axes of the two other pins being spaced from the same plane and not being at the same location. distance m from the latter.
  • the longitudinal axes K of the three pins 34 are distinct and the pins 34 preferably have on the longitudinal axis X axial positions x 1 , x 2 and x 3 different.
  • the applicator member 30 comprises five pins 34 arranged in staggered rows on the lateral surface 33 of the body 32.
  • the central pin 34 is in the median plane M.
  • the longitudinal axes of the pins K are spaced from the median plane M and the axial positions of the pins 34 x 1 , .., x 5 on the longitudinal axis X are different.
  • the body 32 may have a through aperture 150.
  • the body 32 may have a flattened cross-section, as illustrated in the Figures 49 to 54 , or present some form of revolution, as illustrated on the Figures 55 to 65 .
  • the body 32 is twisted and has a through opening 150.
  • the longitudinal axes K of the pins 34 may be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X of the body 32.
  • the product may have any formulation suitable for makeup eyelashes or eyebrows.
  • the product comprises an aqueous dispersion of hybrid film-forming hydrophobic acrylic polymer particles, at least one linear block silicone copolymer and at least one pigment.
  • the composition also comprises at least one mineral thickening agent, preferably chosen from clays, and preferably a smectite.
  • colored eyelashes are obtained on the eyelashes which make it possible to obtain a visible coloration on all types of eyelashes in a non-volatile way during washings while preserving the physical qualities of the eyelashes.
  • a sheath is in particular resistant to external aggression that can suffer eyelashes such as perspiration. In particular, it makes it possible to obtain a smooth and uniform deposit using the applicator according to the invention.
  • the eyelashes remain individualized, that is to say that after applying the composition and drying the eyelashes are not glued together and therefore do not form clusters of eyelashes, the cladding being formed around virtually every eyelash.
  • polymer in the sense of the invention a compound corresponding to the repetition of one or more units (these units being derived from compounds called monomers). This or these motifs are repeated at least twice and preferably at least 3 times.
  • film-forming polymer is meant a polymer capable of forming, by itself or in the presence of an auxiliary film-forming agent, a macroscopically continuous film on a support, in particular on keratin materials, and preferably a cohesive film.
  • hydrophobic polymer is meant a polymer having a solubility in water at 25 ° C of less than 1% by weight.
  • the dispersion may be a simple dispersion in the aqueous medium of the composition.
  • hybrid acrylic polymer means a polymer synthesized from at least one compound (i) chosen from monomers having at least one (meth) acrylic acid group and / or esters of these acidic monomers and or amides of these acid monomers and at least one compound (ii) different from the compounds (i).
  • Esters of (meth) acrylic acid are advantageously chosen from alkyl (meth) acrylates, in particular from C 1 -C 30 , preferably C 1 -C 20 , better C 1 -C 10 alkyl, aryl (meth) acrylates; , in particular C 6 -C 10 aryl, hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylates, in particular C 2 -C 6 hydroxyalkyl.
  • alkyl (meth) acrylates mention may be made of methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate.
  • hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylates mention may be made of hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate and 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate.
  • aryl (meth) acrylates mention may be made of benzyl acrylate and phenyl acrylate.
  • Particularly preferred (meth) acrylic acid esters are alkyl (meth) acrylates.
  • the alkyl group of the esters can be either fluorinated or perfluorinated, ie some or all of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group are substituted by fluorine atoms.
  • Amides of the acidic monomers include, for example, (meth) acrylamides, and especially N-alkyl (meth) acrylamides, in particular C 2 -C 12 alkyls.
  • N-alkyl (meth) acrylamides mention may be made of N-ethyl acrylamide, Nt-butyl acrylamide, Nt-octyl acrylamide and N-undecylacrylamide.
  • the acrylic polymer may be a styrene / acrylate copolymer, and in particular a polymer chosen from copolymers derived from the polymerization of at least one styrene monomer and at least one C 1 -C 20 alkyl acrylate monomer, from preferably C 1 -C 10 .
  • styrene monomer usable in the invention mention may be made of styrene or alpha-methylstyrene, and preferably styrene.
  • the C 1 -C 10 alkyl acrylate monomer may be chosen from methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate and the like. octyl acrylate, 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate.
  • acrylic polymer synthesized with styrenic compound mention may be made of the styrene / acrylate copolymers sold under the name "Joncryl”. 77 "by the company BASF, under the name YODOSOL GH41F by the company AKZO NOBEL and under the name SYNTRAN 5760 CG by the company INTERPOLYMER.
  • Compound (ii) may also include compounds interacting by a process other than radical polymerization of unsaturated compounds or compounds resulting from such a process.
  • a process may be for example a polycondensation.
  • polycondensation may be mentioned the formation of polyurethanes, polyesters or polyamides.
  • the hybrid hydrophobic film-forming polymer of the invention will then contain the compound resulting from the condensation process or the compounds interacting in the polycondensation process.
  • hydrophobic hybrid film-forming hybrid copolymer it is also possible to use the product sold under the reference Primai HG 1000 by the company DOW.
  • the hybrid hydrophobic hybrid film-forming acrylic polymer or polymers may be present in an active material content ranging from 0.1% to 30% by weight, more particularly from 0.5% to 20% and preferably from 1% to 15% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.
  • the silicone copolymer used in the composition according to the invention is a linear block copolymer, that is to say a non-crosslinked copolymer, obtained by chain extension and not by crosslinking.
  • Block copolymer denotes a polymer comprising at least two distinct blocks (sequences). Each block of the polymer is derived from one type of monomer or from different types of monomers. This means that each block can consist of a homopolymer or a copolymer; this copolymer constituting the block may in turn be statistical or alternating.
  • copolymer is "linear", in other words, the structure of the polymer is neither branched nor star-shaped nor grafted.
  • the linear block silicone copolymer is advantageously in the form of particles dispersed in an aqueous medium.
  • the aqueous dispersion of block copolymer particles is a silicone emulsion in water (Sil / E), the oily globules of which consist of a high viscosity silicone, so that these globules seem to form as "soft particles".
  • the size of the linear block silicone copolymer particles can vary widely.
  • the linear block silicone copolymer particles generally have a number average size of less than or equal to 2 microns, and preferably less than or equal to 1 micron.
  • the polysiloxane (i) is chosen from the compounds of formula (I): in which R 1 and R 2 independently of one another represent a hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms and preferably from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl, or an aryl group such as that phenyl, or a reactive group, n is an integer greater than 1, provided that there is on average between one and two reactive groups per polymer.
  • reactive group means any group capable of reacting with the organosilicone compound (ii) to form a block copolymer.
  • reactive groups mention may be made of hydrogen; aliphatically unsaturated groups and in particular vinyl, allyl or hexanyl; the hydroxyl group; alkoxy groups such as methoxy, ethoxy or propoxy; alkoxy-alkoxy groups; the acetoxy group; amino groups, and mixtures thereof.
  • more than 90% and more preferably more than 98% of reactive groups are at the end of the chain, i.e., the R 2 radicals generally constitute more than 90% and even 98% of the reactive groups.
  • n may be in particular an integer ranging from 2 to 100, preferably from 10 to 30 and better still from 15 to 25.
  • the polysiloxanes of formula (I) are linear polymers, that is to say polymers with few branches, and generally less than 2 mol% of the siloxane units.
  • the groups R 1 and R 2 may be optionally substituted with amino groups, epoxy groups, groups containing sulfur, silicon or oxygen.
  • At least 80% of the groups R 1 are alkyl groups and more preferably methyl groups.
  • the R 2 reactive group at the end of the chain is an aliphatically unsaturated group and in particular vinyl.
  • polysiloxanes (i) mention may be made in particular of dimethylvinyl-siloxy-polydimethylsiloxane, a compound of formula (I) in which the radicals R 1 are methyl radicals, and the radicals R 2 at the end of the chain are vinyl radicals; the other two radicals R 2 are methyl radicals.
  • the organosilicone compound (ii) may be chosen from polysiloxanes of formula (I) or compounds acting as chain extension agents. If it is a compound of formula (I), the polysiloxane (i) will comprise a first reactive group and the organosilicon compound (ii) will comprise a second reactive group which will react with the first. If it is a chain extender, it can be a silane, a siloxane (disiloxane or trisiloxane) or a silazane.
  • the organosilicone compound (ii) is a liquid organohydrogen polysiloxane of formula (II): where n is an integer greater than 1 and preferably greater than 10, and for example ranging from 2 to 100, preferably from 10 to 30 and better still from 15 to 25. According to one particular embodiment of the invention, n is equal to 20.
  • the silicone block copolymers used according to the invention are advantageously free of oxyalkylene group (s), in particular free of oxyethylenated and / or oxypropylene groups.
  • the catalyst for the reaction between the polysiloxane and the organosilicone compound may be chosen from metals and especially from platinum, rhodium, tin, titanium, copper and lead. It is preferably platinum or rhodium.
  • the dispersion of silicone copolymer particles used in the composition according to the invention can be obtained for example by mixing (a) water, (b) at least one emulsifier, (c) polysiloxane (i), (d) ) the organosilicon compound (ii) and (e) a catalyst.
  • a catalyst for example, one of the components (c), (d) or (e) is added last in the mixture, so that the chain extension reaction only begins in the dispersion.
  • nonionic or ionic emulsifiers anionic, cationic or amphoteric
  • nonionic emulsifiers which may be chosen from polyalkylene glycol ethers of fatty alcohol, comprising from 8 to 30 carbon atoms and preferably from 10 to 22 carbon atoms; polyoxyalkylenated and especially polyoxyethylenated sorbitan alkyl esters, in which the alkyl radical contains from 8 to 30 carbon atoms and preferably from 10 to 22 carbon atoms; polyoxyalkylenated and especially polyoxyethylenated alkyl esters, in which the alkyl radical contains from 8 to 30 carbon atoms and preferably from 10 to 22 carbon atoms; polyethylene glycols; polypropylene glycols; diethylene glycols; and their mixtures.
  • the amount of emulsifier (s) may be chosen from polyalkylene glycol ethers of fatty alcohol, comprising from 8 to 30 carbon atoms and preferably from 10 to
  • the emulsifier used to obtain the aqueous dispersion of particles is preferably chosen from polyethylene glycol ethers of fatty alcohols and their mixtures, and in particular the polyethylene glycol ethers of alcohols containing 12 or 13 carbon atoms and from 2 to 100 oxyethylenated units and preferably from 3 to 50 oxyethylenated units, and mixtures thereof.
  • polyethylene glycol ethers of fatty alcohols and their mixtures and in particular the polyethylene glycol ethers of alcohols containing 12 or 13 carbon atoms and from 2 to 100 oxyethylenated units and preferably from 3 to 50 oxyethylenated units, and mixtures thereof.
  • C 12 -C 13 Pareth-3, C 12 -C 13 Pareth-23 and mixtures thereof may be mentioned.
  • dispersion of silicone copolymer particles the product sold under the name HMW 2220 by the company Dow Corning (CTFA name: divinyldimethicone / dimethicone Copolymer / C 12 -C 13 Pareth-3 / C 12 -C 13 Pareth- 23), which is a 60% aqueous dispersion of divinyldimethicone / dimethicone copolymer, containing C 12 -C 13 Pareth-3 and C 12 -C 13 Pareth-23, said dispersion comprising about 60% by weight of copolymer; 2.8% by weight of C 12 -C 13 Pareth-23; 2% by weight of C 12 -C 13 Pareth-3; 031% by weight of preservatives, the rest at 100% being water.
  • CTFA name divinyldimethicone / dimethicone Copolymer / C 12 -C 13 Pareth-3 / C 12 -C 13 Pareth- 23
  • the linear block silicone copolymer (s) may be present in an amount of polymeric active materials ranging from 0.1% to 30% by weight, better still 0.5%. at 20% by weight and more preferably from 1 to 15% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
  • the hybrid hydrophobic film-forming acrylic polymer (s) and the linear block silicone copolymer (s) are present in a weight ratio (in polymeric active materials) hydrophobic film-forming acrylic polymer (s) on silicone copolymer (s) linear block ranging from 0.2 to 10, better from 0.5 to 5 and even better from 1 to 3.
  • a plasticizer can be added to lower this temperature of the mixture used.
  • the plasticizer may be chosen from the plasticizers usually used in the field of application, and in particular from the compounds which may be solvents for the polymer.
  • the plasticizer has a molecular mass less than or equal to 5000 g / mol, preferably less than or equal to 2000 g / mol, preferably less than or equal to 1000 g / mol, and more preferably less than or equal to 900 g / mol .
  • the plasticizer advantageously has a molecular mass greater than or equal to 100 g / mol.
  • the plasticizer may be chosen from esters of at least one carboxylic acid comprising 1 to 7 carbon atoms and a polyol comprising at least 4 hydroxyl groups.
  • the polyol may be an ose - polyhydroxyaldehyde (aldose) or polyhydroxyketone (ketose) - cyclized or not.
  • the polyol is preferably a cyclized monosaccharide.
  • the polyol may be a mono- or polysaccharide comprising from 1 to 10 atoms, preferably from 1 to 4, more preferably one or two monosaccharides.
  • the polyol may be selected from erythritol, xylitol, sorbitol, glucose, sucrose, lactose, maltose.
  • the polyol is preferably a disaccharide.
  • disaccharides mention may be made of sucrose (also called alpha-D-glucopyranosyl- (1-2) -beta-D-fructofuranose), lactose (also called beta-D-galactopyranosyl- (1-4) -beta D-glucopyranose) and maltose (also called alpha-D-glucopyranosyl- (1-4) -beta-D-glucopyranose), and preferably sucrose.
  • sucrose also called alpha-D-glucopyranosyl- (1-2) -beta-D-fructofuranose
  • lactose also called beta-D-galactopyranosyl- (1-4) -beta D-glucopyranose
  • maltose also called alpha-D-glucopyranosyl- (1-4) -beta-D-glucopyranose
  • the ester may consist of a polyol esterified with at least two different monocarboxylic acids, or with at least three different monocarboxylic acids.
  • the ester may be a copolymer of two esters, in particular a copolymer of i) a sucrose substituted with benzoyl groups and ii) a saccharose substituted with acetyl and / or isobutyryl groups.
  • the carboxylic acid is preferably a monocarboxylic acid comprising from 1 to 7 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, for example chosen from acetic acid, n-propanoic acid, isopropanoic acid, n-butanoic acid, isobutanoic acid and tert-butanoic acid. , n-pentanoic and benzoic.
  • the ester can be obtained from at least two different monocarboxylic acids.
  • the acid is an unsubstituted linear or branched acid.
  • the acid is preferably selected from acetic acid, isobutyric acid, benzoic acid, and mixtures thereof.
  • the ester is sucrose diacetate hexa- (2-methyl-propanoate), such as that sold under the name "Sustane SAIB Food Grade Kosher” by the company Eastman Chemical.
  • the plasticizer may be chosen from esters of aliphatic or aromatic polycarboxylic acid and of aliphatic or aromatic alcohol comprising from 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • the aliphatic or aromatic alcohol comprises from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 8, for example from 1 to 6. It can be chosen from R 1 OH alcohols, such as R 1 represents methyl, ethyl, propyl or isopropyl. butyl, hexyl, ethylhexyl, decyl, isodecyl, benzyl, or alkyl-substituted benzyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof.
  • the aliphatic or aromatic polycarboxylic acid preferably comprises from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably from 3 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably from 3 to 8 carbon atoms, for example 6 or 8 carbon atoms.
  • the aliphatic or aromatic polycarboxylic acid is advantageously chosen from dicarboxylic acids and tricarboxylic acids.
  • aliphatic dicarboxylic acids mention may be made of those of formula HOOC- (CH 2) n -COOH, in which n is an integer ranging from 1 to 10, preferably ranging from 2 to 8, for example equal to 2, 4, 6 or 8.
  • dicarboxylic acids chosen from succinic acid, adipic acid and sebacic acid are preferred.
  • aromatic dicarboxylic acids there may be mentioned phthalic acid.
  • R represents a group -H, -OH or -OCOR 'wherein R' represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
  • R represents a group -OCOCH 3 .
  • the tricarboxylic acid is in particular chosen from acetyl-citric acid, butyroyl-citric acid and citric acid.
  • esters of tricarboxylic acid it is possible to use esters derived from citric acid (or citrates) such as tributyl acetyl-citrate, triethyl acetyl-citrate, triethylhexyl acetyl-citrate, acetyl-trihexyl citrate, butyroyl-trihexyl citrate, triisodecyl citrate, triisopropyl citrate, tributyl citrate and tri (2-ethylhexyl) citrate.
  • citric acid or citrates
  • esters derived from citric acid (or citrates) such as tributyl acetyl-citrate, triethyl acetyl-citrate, triethylhexyl acetyl-citrate, acetyl-trihexyl citrate, butyroyl-trihexyl citrate, triis
  • esters of adipic acid mention may be made of dibutyl adipate and di (ethyl-2-hexyl) adipate.
  • esters of sebacic acid mention may be made of dibutyl sebacate, di (2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, diethyl sebacate and diisopropyl sebacate.
  • esters of succinic acid mention may be made of di (2-ethylhexyl) succinate and diethyl succinate.
  • esters of phthalic acid mention may be made of butyl phthalate and benzyl, dibutyl phthalate, diethylhexyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate and dimethyl phthalate.
  • the plasticizer (s) may be present in the composition in a content such that the weight ratio between the hybrid hydrophobic film-forming acrylic polymer (s) and the plasticizer (s) varies from 0.5 to 100, preferably from 1 to 50, of preferably from 1 to 10.
  • the composition comprises pigments.
  • Such a composition makes it possible to obtain colored and remanent sheathings, and this without degradation of the eyelashes.
  • pigment particles of any form, insoluble in the composition where they are present, white or colored.
  • the pigments that may be used are chosen from organic and / or inorganic pigments known in the art, especially those described in Kirk-Othmer's encyclopedia of chemical technology and in Ullmann's encyclopedia of industrial chemistry.
  • They can be natural, of natural origin, or not.
  • These pigments can be in the form of powder or pigment paste. They can be coated or uncoated.
  • the pigments may for example be chosen from inorganic pigments, organic pigments, lacquers, special effect pigments such as nacres or flakes, and mixtures thereof.
  • the pigment may be a mineral pigment.
  • mineral pigment is meant any pigment that meets the definition of the Ullmann encyclopedia in the inorganic pigment chapter.
  • ochres such as red ocher (clay (in particular kaolinite) and iron hydroxide (hematite for example), brown ocher (clay (in particular kaolinite) and limonite ), yellow ocher (clay (especially kaolinite) and goethite ), titanium dioxide, optionally surface-treated, zirconium or cerium oxides, zinc, iron oxides (black, yellow or red) or chromium, manganese violet, ultramarine blue, chromium hydrate and ferric blue, metal powders such as aluminum powder, copper powder.
  • alkaline-earth metal carbonates such as calcium, magnesium
  • silicon dioxide silicon dioxide
  • quartz any other compound used as inert filler in cosmetic compositions, as long as these compounds bring color or whiteness to the composition under the conditions in which they are used.
  • the pigment may be an organic pigment.
  • organic pigment is meant any pigment that meets the definition of the Ullmann encyclopedia in the organic pigment chapter.
  • the organic pigment may especially be chosen from nitroso, nitro, azo, xanthene, pyrene, quinoline, quinoline, anthraquinone, triphenylmethane, fluorane, phthalocyanine, metal complex, isoindolinone, isoindoline, quinacridone, perinone, perylene, diketopyrrolopyrrole and indigo compounds. , thioindigo, dioxazine, triphenylmethane, quinophthalone.
  • any compound that is insoluble in the conventional mineral or organic composition in the field of cosmetics, as long as these compounds provide color or whiteness to the composition under the conditions in which they are used, for example guanine which according to the refractive index of the composition is a pigment.
  • the white or colored organic pigments can be chosen from carmine, carbon black, aniline black, azo yellow, quinacridone, phthalocyanine blue, blue pigments codified in the Color Index under the references Cl 42090, 69800, 69825, 73000, 74100, 74160, the yellow pigments codified in the Color Index under the references Cl 11680, 11710, 15985, 19140, 20040, 21100, 21108, 47000, 47005, the green pigments coded in the Color Index under the references Cl 61565, 61570, 74260, the orange pigments codified in the Color Index under references CI 11725, 15510, 45370, 71105, the red pigments coded in the Color Index under the references CI 12085, 12120, 12370, 12420, 12490, 14700, 15525, 15580, 15620, 15630, 15800, 15850, 15865, 15880 , 17200, 26100, 45380, 45410, 58000,
  • the pigments according to the invention may also be in the form of composite pigments as described in the patent EP 1 184 426 .
  • These composite pigments may be composed in particular of particles comprising an inorganic core, at least one binder for fixing the organic pigments on the core, and at least one organic pigment at least partially covering the core.
  • the organic pigment can also be a lacquer.
  • lacquer is meant dyes adsorbed on insoluble particles, the assembly thus obtained remaining insoluble during use.
  • the inorganic substrates on which the dyes are adsorbed are, for example, alumina, silica, calcium and sodium borosilicate or calcium and aluminum borosilicate, and aluminum.
  • dyes there may be mentioned carminic acid. Mention may also be made of the dyes known under the following names: D & C Red 21 (CI 45,380), D & C Orange 5 (CI 45,370), D & C Red 27 (CI 45,410), D & C Orange 10 (CI 45,425), D & C Red 3 (CI 45,430), D & C Red 4 (CI 15,510), D & C Red 33 (CI 17,200), D & C Yellow 5 (CI 19,140), D & C Yellow 6 (CI 15,985), D & C Green (CI 61,570), D & C Yellow 10 (CI 77,002), D & C Green 3 (CI 42,053), D & C Blue 1 (CI 42 090).
  • lacquers there may be mentioned the product known under the following name: D & C Red 7 (CI 15 850: 1).
  • the pigment can also be a special effects pigment.
  • Pigments with special effects means pigments which generally create a colored appearance (characterized by a certain nuance, a certain liveliness and a certain clarity) which is non-uniform and changeable according to the conditions of observation (light, temperature , observation angles ). They are thus opposed to colored pigments that provide a uniform opaque, semi-transparent or transparent conventional shade.
  • pearlescent pigments such as mica coated with titanium, or bismuth oxychloride
  • colored pearlescent pigments such as mica coated with titanium and iron oxides, mica coated with iron oxide, mica coated with titanium and in particular ferric blue or chromium oxide, mica coated with titanium and an organic pigment as defined above, and pearlescent pigments based on bismuth oxychloride.
  • Cellini nacres marketed by Engelhard (Mica-TiO 2 -laque), Prestige marketed by Eckart (Mica-TiO 2 ), Prestige Bronze marketed by Eckart (Mica-Fe 2 O 3 ) marketed Colorona by Merck (Mica-TiO 2 -Fe 2 O 3 ).
  • particles comprising a borosilicate substrate coated with titanium oxide.
  • Particles with a glass substrate coated with titanium oxide are in particular sold under the name METASHINE MC1080RY by the company TOYAL.
  • nacres examples include polyethylene terephthalate flakes, especially those marketed by Meadowbrook Inventions under the name Silver 1P 0.004X0.004 (silver flakes).
  • Multilayer pigments based on synthetic substrates such as alumina, silica, calcium and sodium borosilicate or calcium and aluminum borosilicate, and aluminum can also be envisaged.
  • the pigments with special effects may also be chosen from reflecting particles, that is to say in particular particles whose size, structure, in particular the thickness of the layer or layers that constitute it and their physical and chemical natures, and the surface state, allow them to reflect the incident light. This reflection can, if necessary, have sufficient intensity to create on the surface of the composition or mixture, when it is applied to the support to make up, highlight points visible to the naked eye is ie brighter points that contrast with their surroundings while appearing to shine.
  • the reflective particles can be selected so as not to significantly alter the coloring effect generated by the coloring agents associated with them and more particularly so as to optimize this effect in terms of rendering of color. They may more particularly have a color or a yellow, pink, red, bronze, orange, brown, gold and / or coppery reflection.
  • These particles may have various forms, in particular be in the form of platelets or globular, in particular spherical.
  • the reflective particles may have a multilayer structure or not and, in the case of a multilayer structure, for example at least one layer of uniform thickness, especially a reflective material.
  • the reflective particles may be composed for example of metal oxides, including synthetically obtained titanium or iron oxides.
  • the reflective particles may for example comprise a natural or synthetic substrate, in particular a synthetic substrate at least partially coated with at least one layer of a reflective material, in particular at least one metal or metal material.
  • the substrate may be monomaterial, multimaterial, organic and / or inorganic.
  • glasses More particularly, it may be chosen from glasses, ceramics, graphite, metal oxides, aluminas, silicas, silicates, in particular aluminosilicates and borosilicates, synthetic mica and mixtures thereof, this list not being limiting.
  • the reflective material may include a layer of metal or a metallic material.
  • Reflective particles are described in particular in the documents JP-A-09188830 , JP-A-10158450 , JP-A-10158541 , JP-A-07258460 and JP-A-05017710 .
  • reflective particles comprising a mineral substrate coated with a metal layer
  • particles comprising a borosilicate substrate coated with silver there may also be mentioned particles comprising a borosilicate substrate coated with silver.
  • Particles with a silver-coated glass substrate in the form of platelets, are sold under the name MICROGLASS METASHINE REFSX 2025 PS by the company TOYAL.
  • Particles with a glass substrate coated with a nickel / chromium / molybdenum alloy are sold under the name CRYSTAL STAR GF 550, GF 2525 by the same company.
  • Particles comprising a metal substrate such as silver, aluminum, iron, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, gold, copper, zinc, tin, magnesium steel, bronze, titanium, said substrate being coated with at least one layer of at least one metal oxide such as titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, iron oxide, cerium oxide, chromium oxide, silicon oxides and mixtures thereof.
  • a metal substrate such as silver, aluminum, iron, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, gold, copper, zinc, tin, magnesium steel, bronze, titanium
  • said substrate being coated with at least one layer of at least one metal oxide such as titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, iron oxide, cerium oxide, chromium oxide, silicon oxides and mixtures thereof.
  • Non-fixed interference-effect pigments may also be mentioned, such as liquid crystals (Wacker's Helicones HC) and holographic interference flakes (Geometric Pigments or Spectra f / x by Spectratek).
  • Special effect pigments also include fluorescent pigments, whether they are fluorescent substances in the light of day or that produce an ultraviolet fluorescence, phosphorescent pigments, photochromic pigments, thermochromic pigments and quantum dots, marketed for example by the Quantum Dots Corporation.
  • Quantum dots are luminescent semiconductor nanoparticles capable of emitting, under light excitation, radiation having a wavelength of between 400 nm and 700 nm. These nanoparticles are known from the literature. In particular, they can be synthesized according to the methods described for example in the US 6,225,198 or US 5,990,479 , in the publications cited therein, as well as in the following publications: Dabboussi BO et al (CdSe) ZnS core-shell quantum dots: synthesis and characterization of a highly luminescent nanocrystalline series of luminescent "Journal of Phisical Chemistry B, vol 101, 1997, pp 9463-9475 .
  • the variety of pigments that can be used in the present invention provides a rich palette of colors, as well as particular optical effects such as interferential metallic effects.
  • the size of the pigment used in the cosmetic composition according to the present invention is generally between 10 nm and 200 ⁇ m, preferably between 20 nm and 80 ⁇ m, and more preferably between 30 nm and 50 ⁇ m.
  • the pigments can be dispersed in the product by means of a dispersing agent.
  • the dispersing agent serves to protect the dispersed particles against agglomeration or flocculation.
  • This dispersing agent may be a surfactant, an oligomer, a polymer or a mixture of several of them, bearing one or more functionalities having a strong affinity for the surface of the particles to be dispersed. In particular, they can cling physically or chemically to the surface of the pigments.
  • These dispersants have, in addition, at least one functional group compatible or soluble in the continuous medium.
  • the esters of 12-hydroxystearic acid, in particular of C 8 -C 20 fatty acid, and of polyol, such as glycerol or diglycerol, such as poly (12-hydroxystearic acid) stearate are used.
  • dispersant that can be used in the compositions of the invention, mention may be made of the quaternary ammonium derivatives of polycondensed fatty acids, such as the Solsperse 17 000 sold by the company Avecia, the poly dimethylsiloxane / oxypropylene mixtures such as those sold by the Dow Company. Corning under the references DC2-5185, DC2-5225 C.
  • the pigments used in the cosmetic composition according to the invention may be surface-treated with an organic agent.
  • the previously surface-treated pigments useful in the context of the invention are pigments which have undergone totally or partially a chemical, electronic, electro-chemical, mechanical-chemical or mechanical surface treatment with an organic agent such as those described in particular in Cosmetics and Toiletries, February 1990, Vol. 105, p. 53-64 before being dispersed in the composition according to the invention.
  • organic agents may be for example chosen from waxes, for example carnauba wax and beeswax; fatty acids, fatty alcohols and their derivatives, such as stearic acid, hydroxystearic acid, stearyl alcohol, hydroxystearyl alcohol, lauric acid and their derivatives; anionic surfactants; lecithins; sodium, potassium, magnesium, iron, titanium, zinc or aluminum salts of fatty acids, for example aluminum stearate or laurate; metal alkoxides; polyethylene; (meth) acrylic polymers, for example polymethyl methacrylates; polymers and copolymers containing acrylate units; alkanoamines; silicone compounds, for example silicones, polydimethylsiloxanes; fluorinated organic compounds, for example perfluoroalkyl ethers; fluoro-silicone compounds.
  • waxes for example carnauba wax and beeswax
  • fatty acids, fatty alcohols and their derivatives such as stearic
  • the surface-treated pigments useful in the cosmetic composition according to the invention may also have been treated with a mixture of these compounds and / or have undergone several surface treatments.
  • the surface-treated pigments useful in the context of the present invention may be prepared according to surface treatment techniques well known to those skilled in the art or found as such in the trade.
  • the surface-treated pigments are covered by an organic layer.
  • the organic agent with which the pigments are treated can be deposited on the pigments by solvent evaporation, chemical reaction between the molecules of the surfactant or creation of a covalent bond between the surfactant and the pigments.
  • the surface treatment can thus be carried out for example by chemical reaction of a surfactant with the surface of the pigments and creation of a covalent bond between the surfactant and the pigments or fillers. This method is described in particular in the patent US 4,578,266 .
  • an organic agent bound to the pigments will be used covalently.
  • the agent for the surface treatment may represent from 0.1 to 50% by weight of the total weight of the surface-treated pigment, preferably from 0.5 to 30% by weight, and still more preferably from 1 to 10% by weight. weight.
  • the pigment is chosen from inorganic or mixed mineral-organic pigments.
  • the amount of pigment (s) may vary from 0.01 to 30% by weight, more particularly from 0.05 to 20% by weight and preferably from 0.1 to 15% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.
  • composition of the invention may contain other colored or coloring species such as direct dyes or dye precursors.
  • the composition according to the invention comprises at least one thickening agent chosen from inorganic or organic thickening agents, polymeric or non-polymeric, and mixtures thereof.
  • thickener is meant a compound that modifies the rheology of the medium in which it is incorporated.
  • the composition comprises at least one mineral thickener.
  • the thickener (s) is (are) chosen from fumed silica, clays, or mixtures thereof.
  • the fumed silicas can be obtained by high temperature pyrolysis of a volatile silicon compound in an oxyhydrogen flame, producing a finely divided silica. This process makes it possible in particular to obtain hydrophilic silicas which have a large number of silanol groups on their surface.
  • hydrophilic silicas are, for example, sold under the names “AEROSIL 130®”, “AEROSIL 200®”, “AEROSIL 255®”, “AEROSIL 300®”, “AEROSIL 380®” by the company Degussa, "CAB-O- SIL HS-5® “,” CAB-O-SIL EH-5® “,” CAB-O-SIL LM-130® “,” CAB-O-SIL MS-55® “,” CAB-O-SIL M -5® "by the company Cabot.
  • silica It is possible to chemically modify the surface of said silica, by chemical reaction generating a decrease in the number of silanol groups.
  • silanol groups with hydrophobic groups: a hydrophobic silica is then obtained.
  • the fumed silica preferably has a particle size that may be nanometric to micrometric, for example ranging from about 5 to 200 nm.
  • the clays are silicates containing a cation which may be chosen from calcium, magnesium, aluminum, sodium, potassium and lithium cations and their mixtures.
  • Examples of such products include clays of the family of smectites such as montmorillonites, hectorites, bentonites, beidellites, saponites, as well as the family of vermiculites. stévensite, chlorites.
  • These clays can be of natural or synthetic origin.
  • the clays are used which are cosmetically compatible and acceptable with the keratin materials.
  • synthetic hectorites also called laponites
  • laponites such as the products sold by Laporte under the name Laponite XLG, Laponite RD, Laponite RDS
  • bentonites such as the product sold under the name Bentone HC by Rheox
  • magnesium and aluminum silicates especially hydrated silicates, such as the product sold by Vanderbilt Company under the name Veegum ultra, or calcium silicates and in particular the synthetic form sold by the company under the name Micro-cel C.
  • the organophilic clay may be selected from montmorillonite, bentonite, hectorite, attapulgite, sepiolite, and mixtures thereof.
  • the clay is preferably a bentonite or a hectorite.
  • These clays can be modified with a chemical compound chosen from quaternary amines, tertiary amines, amino acetates, imidazolines, amine soaps, fatty sulphates, alkyl aryl sulphonates, amine oxides, and mixtures thereof.
  • organophilic clays mention may be made of quaternium-18 bentonites such as those sold under the names Bentone 3, Bentone 38, Bentone 38V by Rheox, Tixogel VP by United catalyst, Claytone 34, Claytone 40, Claytone XL by Southern Clay Company; stearalkonium bentonites such as those sold under the names Bentone 27 by Rheox, Tixogel LG by United Catalyst, Claytone AF, Claytone APA by Southern Clay; quaternium-18 / benzalkonium bentonite such as those sold under the names Claytone HT, Claytone PS by Southern Clay.
  • the thickener may also be chosen from organic compounds.
  • Such thickeners are especially described in the applications EP-A-1400234 .
  • the composition comprises at least one mineral thickening agent which is preferably chosen from clays, and even more advantageously, from smectites.
  • the thickening agent is present in the composition in a total content ranging from 0.1% to 10% by weight relative to the weight of the composition.
  • composition according to the invention comprises water which may preferably be present in a content ranging from 20% to 98% by weight relative to the weight of the composition.
  • compositions may also contain at least one agent usually used in cosmetics, chosen, for example, from reducing agents, fatty substances, organic solvents or oils, softeners, antifoam agents, moisturizing agents, UV, peptizers, solubilizers, perfumes, anionic, cationic, nonionic or amphoteric surfactants, proteins, vitamins, propellants, oxyethylenated waxes or not, paraffins, C 10 -C fatty acids 30 such as stearic acid, lauric acid.
  • agent usually used in cosmetics chosen, for example, from reducing agents, fatty substances, organic solvents or oils, softeners, antifoam agents, moisturizing agents, UV, peptizers, solubilizers, perfumes, anionic, cationic, nonionic or amphoteric surfactants, proteins, vitamins, propellants, oxyethylenated waxes or not, paraffins, C 10 -C fatty acids 30 such as stearic
  • the above additives are generally present in an amount for each of them between 0.01 and 20% by weight relative to the weight of the composition.
  • composition according to the invention may especially be in the form of a suspension, a dispersion, a gel, an emulsion, especially an oil-in-water (O / W) or water-in-oil (W / O) emulsion, or multiple (W / O / E or polyol / H / E or H / E / H).
  • the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments illustrated.
  • the application member can be made with other arrangements of pins again.
  • the product may have another formulation.
  • the applicator according to the invention is particularly suitable for makeup eyebrows, it can still be used for makeup eyelashes of the eyelid.

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  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Applikator (10) zum Auftragen eines Produkts (P), aufweisend
    - einen Stift (11)
    - ein an ein Ende des Stifts (11) befestigtes Auftragungsorgan (30), aufweisend:
    • einen Körper (32) mit einer Längsachse (X),
    wobei der Applikator (10) dem Auftragen eines Produkts auf Wimpern und/oder Augenbrauen dient, wobei das Auftragungsorgan mit dem Körper verbundene Spitzen (34) aufweist, wobei die Spitzen nicht die gleiche Länge (1) aufweisen, wobei die längste(n) Spitze(n) (34) zu den drei Spitzen gehören/gehört, die dem distalen Ende (36) des Auftragungsorgan am Nächsten sind, wobei der Applikator eine Reihe von höchstens vier oder fünf Spitzen (34) in der Längsrichtung der Auftragungsfläche (33) und/oder von drei bis fünf Spitzen (34) in der Breitenrichtung der Auftragungsfläche (33) aufweist, wobei die Gesamtzahl von durch das Auftragungsorgan getragenen Spitzen vorzugsweise zwischen 8 und 15 liegt, oder
    wobei der Applikator (10) dem Auftragen des Produkts auf die Haut der Augenbrauen dient, wobei das Auftragungsorgan eine bis fünf Spitzen (34) aufweist, die sich von einer Seitenfläche (33) des Körpers (32) erstrecken, wobei diese Spitzen (34) beflockt sind und einen non Null verschiedenen Winkel mit der Längsachse (X) des Körpers (32) bilden.
  2. Applikator nach Anspruch 1, der eine Spitze größerer Länge aufweist, die an ihrer Basis dem distalen Ende (36) am Nächsten liegt, wobei diese Spitze vorzugsweise die einzige Spitze größerer Länge ist.
  3. Applikator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, wobei der Körper (32) eine Auftragungsfläche (33) mit einem Abschnitt (38) aufweist, dessen Breite in Richtung des distalen Endes (36) abnimmt, wobei die Spitzen (34) von der Auftragungsfläche (33) hervorragen, und zumindest teilweise an dem Abschnitt (38) mit abnehmender Länge befestigt sind, wobei eine Reihe von mindestens drei Spitzen (34) in der Breitenrichtung der Auftragungsfläche (33) und eine Reihe von mindestens drei Spitzen (34) in der Längsrichtung vorgesehen sind, wobei alle Spitzen (34) vorzugsweise in dem Abschnitt (38) abnehmender Breite der Auftragungsfläche eingepflanzt sind.
  4. Applikator nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Rückseite des Auftragungsorgans, die der die Spitzen (34) tragenden Auftragungsfläche (33) gegenüberliegt, glatt ist.
  5. Applikator nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Spitzen (34)
    in in der Längsrichtung der Auftragungsfläche ausgerichteten Reihen und/oder in der Längsachse des Auftragungsorgans parallelen Reihen, insbesondere in der Längsrichtung des Auftragungsorgans zueinander versetzten Reihen, angeordnet sind, wobei der Versatz zwischen zwei benachbarten Reihen vorzugsweise zwischen 1/4 und 3/4 des durchschnittlichen Abstands (r) zwischen den Spitzen einer Reihe, an der Basis der Spitzen (34) gemessen, beträgt,
    und/oder
    Längsachsen aufweisen, die zu einer selben Richtung parallel sind, die vorzugsweise nicht parallel und nicht senkrecht zu einer Längsachse des Auftragungsorgans ist, wobei die Längsachsen der Spitzen vorzugsweise nicht im rechten Winkel zur Längsachse des Auftragungsorgans stehen, sodass die Spitzen quer zur Längsachse der Spitze (11), vorzugsweise in einem Winkel (α) zwischen 30 und 80°, ausgerichtet sind.
  6. Applikator nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Auftragungsorgan
    einen Körper (32) mit einer allgemein abgeflachten Form, gemäß einer Abflachungsebene (F), aufweist, die vorzugsweise allgemein senkrecht zur einer Mittelebene (M) der Auftragungsfläche (33) ausgerichtet ist, und/oder
    eine in Bezug auf die Längsmittelebene (M) symmetrische Form aufweist, wobei sich mindestens eine Reihe (34a) von Spitzen (34) vorzugsweise gemäß dieser Längsmittelebene (M) erstreckt, und/oder
    eine Auftragungsfläche (33) aufweist, an der die Spitzen befestigt sind, die in Bezug auf die Längsachse (X) des Auftragungsorgans (30) geneigt ist, wobei die Spitzen (34) vorzugsweise nicht im rechten Winkel zur Auftragungsfläche (33) befestigt sind und vorzugsweise in einer Schnittansicht des Auftragungsorgans entlang einer der Längsachse (X) parallelen Ebene nach vorne geneigt sind.
  7. Applikator nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei jede längste Spitze mit ihrer Basis an der Auftragungsfläche hinter dem distalen Ende (36) des Auftragungsorgans befestigt ist, wobei vorzugsweise eine einzige längste Spitze vorgesehen ist, deren Längsachse sich in einer Symmetriemittelebene des Auftragungsorgans befindet.
  8. Applikator nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Anzahl von Spitzen (34) kleiner oder gleich drei ist, vorzugsweise gleich zwei oder drei ist.
  9. Applikator nach Anspruch 1 oder 8, wobei sich die Spitzen (34) mit ihrer Längsachse (K) jeweils in einer zur Längsachse (X) des Körpers (32) parallelen Ebene, insbesondere in einer Mittelebene (M) des Auftragungsorgans (30) erstrecken, wobei die Längsachsen (K) der Spitzen (34) vorzugsweise parallel zur Mittelebene (M) des Auftragungsorgans (30) verlaufen und sich in einem Abstand m zwischen 0,25 und 1,54 mm von diesem befinden, wobei die Längsachsen (K) der Spitzen (34) vorzugsweise einen Winkel γ zur Längsachse (X) des Körpers (32) bilden, wobei der Winkel γ zwischen 5° und 85° beträgt.
  10. Applikator nach einem der Ansprüche 1, 8 bis 9, wobei der Körper (32) Bossen aufweist, an denen die Spitzen (34) befestigt sind.
  11. Applikator nach einem der Ansprüche 1, 8 bis 10, wobei die Seitenfläche eine Facette (33) aufweist, an der die Spitzen (34) befestigt sind, und die in einer Seitenansicht ein geradliniges Profil aufweist, das einen Winkel a zwischen 5° und 85° zur Längsachse (X) des Körpers (32) bildet.
  12. Vorrichtung zur Aufnahme und Auftragung, umfassend einen Applikator (10) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche und einen Behälter, der das aufzutragende Produkt (P) enthält, vorzugsweise ein Produkt, das eine wässrige Dispersion von Partikeln eines hybriden Acrylfilmbildenden hydrophoben Acrylpolymers und mindestens ein lineares Siliconblockcopolymer, mindestens ein Pigment, und mindestens ein mineralisches Verdickungsmittel, vorzugsweise unter Tonen ausgewählt, vorzugsweise einen Smektit-Ton, umfasst, wobei der Behälter vorzugsweise mit einem Organ (25) zum Abstreifen des Stifts (11) und dem Auftragungsorgan (30) ausgestattet ist, und wenn der Applikator aus dem Behälter entnommen wird, vom Auftragungsorgan (30) durchquert wird.
  13. Verfahren zum Schminken der Augenbrauenhaut, das Schritte zum Auftragen eines Produkts (P) auf der Haut in dünnen Linien anhand des Applikators (10) gemäß den Ansprüchen 1, 3 und 16 bis 25 umfasst, um das Vorhandensein von Augenbrauenhaaren nachzuahmen, insbesondere ein Produkt (P), das eine wässrige Dispersion von Partikeln eines hybriden Acrylfilmbildenden hydrophoben Acrylpolymers, mindestens ein lineares Siliconblockcopolymer, mindestens ein Pigment, und insbesondere ein mineralisches Verdickungsmittel, vorzugsweise unter Tonen ausgewählt, vorzugsweise einen Smektit-Ton, umfasst.
EP14741390.0A 2013-06-20 2014-06-20 Applikator zum auftragen eines produkts auf die wimpern, die augenbrauen oder die haut Not-in-force EP3010368B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1355865A FR3007256B1 (fr) 2013-06-20 2013-06-20 Applicateur pour appliquer un produit sur la peau
FR1355871A FR3007257B1 (fr) 2013-06-20 2013-06-20 Applicateur pour appliquer un produit sur les sourcils
PCT/IB2014/062467 WO2014203212A1 (fr) 2013-06-20 2014-06-20 Applicateur pour appliquer un produit sur les sourcils, cils ou sur la peau

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3010368A1 EP3010368A1 (de) 2016-04-27
EP3010368B1 true EP3010368B1 (de) 2018-05-02

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EP14741390.0A Not-in-force EP3010368B1 (de) 2013-06-20 2014-06-20 Applikator zum auftragen eines produkts auf die wimpern, die augenbrauen oder die haut

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US (1) US20160135569A1 (de)
EP (1) EP3010368B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2680227T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2014203212A1 (de)

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FR3060272B1 (fr) * 2016-12-15 2021-08-20 Oreal Applicateur de produit cosmetique massant
IT201700117913A1 (it) * 2017-10-18 2019-04-18 Maria Teresa Marchesano Attrezzo per il disegno delle sopracciglia
IT201800003063A1 (it) * 2018-02-27 2019-08-27 Team Beauty S R L Dispositivo applicatore per l'applicazione di prodotti cosmetici, particolarmente per labbra e pelle.
CN112566526B (zh) * 2018-08-10 2025-05-30 株式会社爱茉莉太平洋 端头涂敷器以及包含其的化妆品涂敷装置
US20210085056A1 (en) * 2019-04-14 2021-03-25 Toly Management Ltd. Cosmetic applicator with facial application member and pump
KR20230117440A (ko) * 2020-12-25 2023-08-08 로레알 도포 부재 및 도포구
US20230380572A1 (en) * 2022-05-31 2023-11-30 L'oreal Applicator to create multiple thin and close lines

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ES2680227T3 (es) 2018-09-05
EP3010368A1 (de) 2016-04-27
WO2014203212A1 (fr) 2014-12-24
US20160135569A1 (en) 2016-05-19

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