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EP3055079B1 - Dispositif et procédé de tri du produit en vrac - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de tri du produit en vrac Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3055079B1
EP3055079B1 EP14719721.4A EP14719721A EP3055079B1 EP 3055079 B1 EP3055079 B1 EP 3055079B1 EP 14719721 A EP14719721 A EP 14719721A EP 3055079 B1 EP3055079 B1 EP 3055079B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bulk material
vibration conveyor
curved section
conveyed
detector device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14719721.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3055079A1 (fr
Inventor
Siegmar Lampe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sikora AG
Original Assignee
Sikora AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sikora AG filed Critical Sikora AG
Priority to EP14719721.4A priority Critical patent/EP3055079B1/fr
Publication of EP3055079A1 publication Critical patent/EP3055079A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3055079B1 publication Critical patent/EP3055079B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
    • B07C5/3425—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour of granular material, e.g. ore particles, grain
    • B07C5/3427—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour of granular material, e.g. ore particles, grain by changing or intensifying the optical properties prior to scanning, e.g. by inducing fluorescence under UV or x-radiation, subjecting the material to a chemical reaction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/02—Measures preceding sorting, e.g. arranging articles in a stream orientating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/3416—Sorting according to other particular properties according to radiation transmissivity, e.g. for light, x-rays, particle radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/346—Sorting according to other particular properties according to radioactive properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
    • B07C5/363—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
    • B07C5/363—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air
    • B07C5/365—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a single separation means
    • B07C5/366—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a single separation means during free fall of the articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C2501/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material to be sorted
    • B07C2501/0018—Sorting the articles during free fall

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for sorting bulk material, in particular of pellets, comprising a vibratory conveyor and a feeder which supplies the vibratory conveyor bulk material, further comprising a first output and a second output, wherein the first output is arranged such that via one end The bulk material conveyed by the vibration conveyor falls into the first outlet, further comprising at least one detector device which is designed to examine the bulk material conveyed by the vibration conveyor for defects and a sorting device which is designed to be detected as defective by the detector device via the end To influence the vibrating conveyor conveyed bulk material in its trajectory so that the bulk material recognized as defective falls into the second output.
  • the invention relates to a method for sorting bulk material, in particular of pellets, in which a vibrating conveyor bulk material is supplied, wherein the bulk material is conveyed through one end of the vibrating conveyor and falls into a first output, in which further promoted by the vibrating conveyor bulk material Defects is examined and detected as defective promoted over the end of the vibrating conveyor bulk material in its trajectory is influenced so that the detected as defective bulk material falls into a second output.
  • plastic pellets which serve as a starting material for an extrusion process, in which a plastic insulation is applied to a metallic conductor. Impurities of these pellets can affect the Insulating function and are therefore to detect and sort out the defective pellets.
  • EP 1 045 734 B1 For example, a device and a method for sorting pellets are known in which a 100% control is to take place.
  • the pellets are examined for contamination by means of an optical detector device while they are still on a transport device. If the pellets are subsequently not influenced further, they fall over the end of the transport device into a first container.
  • a blow-out device is activated, which deflects pellets falling over the end of the transport device out of their trajectory, so that they fall into a second container.
  • the angle of the transport device relative to the horizontal should be selected so that the scattering of the pellet trajectories is as low as possible and as few good pellets fall into the second container.
  • a multi-sensor arrangement for the optical inspection and sorting of bulk materials is also known DE 10 2010 024 784 A1 , Out GB 2 067 753 A it is known for the sorting of a diamond-containing material to promote this by means of a vibrating conveyor as single-layered on a rotating, provided with suction holes drum to excite by an X-ray source for fluorescence and to detect the fluorescence with a photomultiplier.
  • Out US 5,246,118 it is also known, bulk material after leaving a vibratory conveyor in free fall by means of a to detect and optionally sort out optical sensor.
  • EP 1 726 372 A1 a chute known about which a granular material is promoted. After leaving the chute, as the material moves in the vertical direction, it is detected by an optical sensor.
  • a disadvantage of the prior art is, on the one hand, that only contaminants on the pellet surface can be detected by means of the known detector devices, since the pellets are generally not transparent. As a result, the defect detection is limited. It also comes in particular in the EP 1 045 734 B1 described arrangement of the transport device nor to a significant dispersion of the trajectories of the pellets. This makes it difficult, among other things, to examine the pellets while they are in free fall.
  • a vibratory conveyor for conveying bulk material is known, at the end of a rotationally driven roller is provided.
  • the conveyed bulk material is sucked over formed in the surface of the roll suction on the surface of the roll and kept spatially fixed there.
  • About knife-like deflecting the held by the suction on the surface of the roll bulk material can be optionally stripped into a collection container or container.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a device and a method of the type mentioned, with which a comprehensive 100% control of bulk material is reliably achieved.
  • the invention solves the problem according to a first aspect in that adjoins the end of the vibratory conveyor a rotationally driven roller, which reaches the conveyed through the end of the vibrating conveyor bulk material and the bulk material with a through the Rotation of the roll promotes predetermined trajectory towards the first exit.
  • the invention solves the problem for a device of the type mentioned in that adjoins the end of the vibrating conveyor, a curved section on which passes through the end of the vibrating conveyor funded bulk material and the bulk material with a by its curvature predetermined trajectory towards the first output promotes.
  • the invention solves the problem according to a first aspect, characterized in that the conveyed over the end of the vibrating conveyor bulk material is conveyed to a subsequent to the end of the vibrating conveyor rotating driven roller and the bulk material with a by the rotation of the Role predetermined trajectory is promoted towards the first exit.
  • the invention solves the problem for a method of the type mentioned in that the conveyed over the end of the vibrating conveyor bulk material is conveyed to a subsequent to the end of the vibrating conveyor curved portion and the bulk material with a through the curvature of the curved Section predetermined trajectory is promoted towards the first output.
  • the inventive device and the inventive method are each suitable for the inspection of virtually any bulk materials, such. Granules and other granular products, cereals, tablets, flakes, food chips, food or plastic flakes and the like.
  • the invention is suitable for the inspection of plastic pellets.
  • plastic pellets are used as starting material for extrusion processes in which a plastic conductor is extruded onto a metallic conductor. Such pellets often have a white color.
  • a 100% inspection for any contaminants is crucial.
  • the detection of metallic contaminants which may affect the insulating function, is of utmost importance.
  • the use of a vibration conveyor is particularly advantageous, since even after prolonged operation replace any components that could lead to contamination of the bulk materials to be inspected.
  • the vibration conveyor is made of metal. The risk of contamination due to abrasion or wear is minimized.
  • the device according to the invention is thus structurally designed so that it does not itself contribute to the contamination of the bulk material.
  • the vibrating conveyor is the bulk material by means of a feeder, z. B. a feed hopper or reservoir supplied.
  • Vibratory conveyors are known per se and convey bulk material reliably along a conveying direction.
  • At least one detector device examines the bulk material conveyed via the vibratory conveyor while it is still on the vibratory conveyor and / or after it has already left the vibratory conveyor.
  • a first output and a second output are arranged downstream of the vibratory conveyor in the conveying direction of the bulk material. If the bulk material remains unaffected by the still provided sorting device, it falls after leaving the Vibratory conveyor automatically in the first output. On the other hand, if the sorting device is activated, the bulk material is influenced in its trajectory so that it falls into the second exit.
  • the first output correspondingly forms a good output for the quality requirements corresponding good bulk material
  • the second output forms a bad output for the quality requirements not corresponding bad bulk material.
  • the sorting device may be arranged downstream of the vibration conveyor, so that it influences the bulk material in its orbit when it is already in free fall.
  • the first exit may comprise a first container and the second exit may comprise a second container.
  • the bulk material is then conveyed into the respective container. But it is also possible that one or both outputs lead directly to further processing of the bulk material, for example in the context of a continuous process.
  • the bulk material in particular directly adjoins the end of the vibratory conveyor to a rotationally driven roller or a curved portion.
  • the bulk material can therefore be conveyed directly from the vibratory conveyor to the roller or the curved section.
  • the roller rotates about an axis of rotation perpendicular to the conveying direction of the bulk material.
  • the bulk material then undergoes no lateral change in direction by the role.
  • the curved portion the bulk material preferably undergoes no lateral change in direction.
  • the roller is in particular cylindrical and transfers the conveyed by the vibrating conveyor, isolated and compacted bulk materials in a defined and uniform trajectory.
  • the trajectory transmitted to the bulk material by the roller is independent of any angle of one or more vibratory conveyors of the vibratory conveyor relative to the horizontal.
  • the trajectory of the bulk material is determined solely by the dimensions and the rotational speed of the role specified. Decisive are the centripetal and centrifugal forces. By acting on these forces, the bulk material is brought very controlled to its predetermined trajectory. The scattering of the trajectories of the bulk material is considerably lower than in the prior art. Also, the bulk material is impressed by the inventively provided rotatably driven roller a very constant airspeed. This inventively clearer defined trajectory and speed of the bulk material improves the defect detection. Thus, for a particularly high resolution and thus measurement accuracy with regard to the size of contaminants, a constant speed of the bulk material through the measuring plane is of crucial importance.
  • the trajectory of the bulk material is predetermined by a subsequent to the end of the vibrating conveyor curved portion.
  • the curved portion may be formed, for example, parabolic or circular. It can also be a non-rotating role.
  • the curved portion may also vibrate or be fixed.
  • the curved section forms a ramp which supports the trajectory of the bulk material following the vibratory conveyor, in particular following a last vibratory conveyor of the vibratory conveyor. The dimension of this ramp may be similar to the dimension of the rotating driven roller.
  • the invention also provides a control and regulating device controls or regulates the entire sorting process.
  • a control and regulating device controls or regulates the entire sorting process.
  • an evaluation device is provided, which accordingly controls the sorting device.
  • the evaluation device can be integrated in the control and regulating device.
  • the at least one vibration conveyor device may comprise a plurality of vibration conveyors arranged one behind the other in the conveying direction of the bulk material. Furthermore, it may be provided that at least two of the plurality of vibratory conveyors, preferably all of the plurality of vibratory conveyors, are arranged at different angles to the horizontal and / or that at least two of the plurality of vibratory conveyors, preferably all of the plurality of vibratory conveyors, one individually in terms of amplitude and / or frequency have controllable vibration drive. All vibratory conveyors can be driven vibrating. For the control of the movement of the bulk material, it is particularly advantageous if the vibrating conveyors can be adjusted independently of each other with regard to their vibration frequency and their vibration amplitude.
  • three vibratory conveyors may be provided, via which the bulk material is transported starting from the feed device into the first or second outlet.
  • the first vibratory conveyor can then convey the bulk material
  • the second vibratory conveyor singulate the bulk material
  • the third vibratory conveyor compact the bulk material.
  • the bulk material can be fed by the feeder first a first vibratory conveyor. This serves to the bulk material Inculcate energy so that it begins to move in the conveying direction.
  • a subsequent second vibratory conveyor is used to accelerate and separate the bulk material.
  • the second vibratory conveyor may be more inclined relative to the horizontal, as the first vibratory conveyor.
  • a third vibrating conveyor can connect, which again has a lower inclination relative to the horizontal.
  • At least one vibrating conveyor of the vibrating conveyor may have a ramp extending transversely to the conveyor of the bulk material, which is designed to retain the bulk material while stopping the vibration of this vibrating conveyor.
  • the wall stops the further flow of the bulk material.
  • no mechanical closure device in the region of the feed device is required in a simple manner.
  • the wall ensures that the example emerging from a round opening of a feeder bulk material is distributed as evenly as possible on the vibratory conveyor.
  • At least one vibration conveyor of the vibration conveyor in particular one or more of the vibratory conveyor, at least one, in particular a plurality, transverse to the conveying direction of the bulk material extending, preferably in cross section a wave profile or a triangular profile forming barrier (s).
  • the preferably wave-shaped or triangular barriers serve on the one hand to homogenize the speed of the constituents of the bulk material by repeatedly accelerating and decelerating them.
  • the barriers serve to impart a vertical energy to the constituents of the bulk material, in particular on the second vibratory conveyor in the conveying direction.
  • the aim of this "stowage arrangement" is that the components of the bulk material can not move sideways, so similar to vehicles in a traffic jam can not perform "lane change”.
  • a rotary drive of the roller can be controlled such that the roller is driven at such a rotational speed that the conveyed through the end of the vibrating conveyor bulk material is accelerated or decelerated by the roller in its conveying speed. So the roller rotates faster or slower than the speed imposed on the bulk material by the (last) vibratory conveyor. The bulk material is accelerated or decelerated as it passes from the (last) vibratory conveyor to the surface of the roller. As a result, the trajectory of the bulk material can be selectively influenced in the desired manner after leaving the roll.
  • the detector device comprises at least one visible in the (visible to the human eye) wavelength range and / or at least one operating in the infrared wavelength range optical detector device with at least one optical radiation source and at least one optical sensor and / or that the Detector device comprises at least one X-ray detector device with at least one X-ray source and at least one X-ray sensor.
  • the X-ray detector device radiates through the bulk material to be examined.
  • At least one optical detector device can furthermore be designed so that it does not penetrate the bulk material, ie the bulk material is intransparent for the wavelength range used.
  • optical detector device with an X-ray detector device is of particular advantage, since the two methods together compensate for the disadvantages of the respective other method.
  • an optical detection device can distinguish a blue pellet from a red pellet, which an x-ray detector device generally can not, since the color additives cause no significant differences in attenuation.
  • the X-ray detecting device can detect contamination within pellets, which the optical detecting device can not do in this case.
  • At least one optical sensor of the at least one optical detector device comprises a high-speed sensor, in particular a high-speed sensor operated in TDI mode (Time Delay Integration Mode), and / or at least one X-ray sensor of the at least one X-ray detector device a high-speed sensor, in particular a high-speed sensor operated in the TDI (Time Delay Integration Mode) mode.
  • the high-speed sensors used may in particular be high-speed cameras, e.g. B. line scan cameras.
  • the type of image processing used in each case depends on the geometry of the material to be examined. The image processing takes place in particular in real time, for example on an FPGA board (Field Programmable Gate Array).
  • the advantage of operating the optical or X-ray sensors in TDI mode lies in the low required illumination and the high resolution. Comparable systems of the prior art operate with an optical resolution of 100 ⁇ m, while with this embodiment of the invention, optical resolutions in the range of 30 ⁇ m can be achieved. Especially when operating the sensors in TDI mode, a particularly high uniformity of the trajectory and speed of the bulk material is important due to the temporal integration. This is ensured by the role of the invention.
  • the illumination of the bulk material preferably does not take place with direct light, since this could lead to disturbing reflections on the bulk material surface, which in turn could conceal contamination. Instead, the bulk material is irradiated with diffused light. This can be realized for example by using a so-called light dome.
  • the detector device may comprise two optical detector devices, wherein a first optical detector device examines the bulk material from an upper side on the rotationally driven roller or on the curved section or after leaving the rotationally driven roller or the curved section a second optical detector device examines the bulk material from a lower side when the bulk material is in free fall after leaving the rotationally driven roller or the curved section.
  • a particularly comprehensive optical inspection of the bulk material can take place. The measurement of the top of the bulk material can be done in particular immediately after leaving the roll or the curved portion.
  • At least one optical detector device examines the bulk material in front of a non-illuminated dark background, preferably a non-illuminated black background, wherein the focal plane of the at least one optical sensor lies in the region of the bulk material to be investigated.
  • a non-illuminated dark background preferably a non-illuminated black background
  • the focal plane of the at least one optical sensor lies in the region of the bulk material to be investigated.
  • an optical detection of, for example, dark impurities usually takes place in front of a background as white as possible with the idea of achieving the greatest possible contrast of the impurities in the background.
  • the background is not illuminated, so passive.
  • An unlighted background means insofar as it is not illuminated with a separate light source or is self-illuminating.
  • the background may be due to unavoidable incidence of ambient light or through Scattering of the emitted from the or the optical radiation sources optical radiation undergo low illumination.
  • the optical sensor and the optical radiation source face the background.
  • the background is also defocused.
  • the focal plane of the optical sensor (s) lies in the plane in which the bulk material is located. There is thus a well-defined background on which, due to the dark or black formation, there is no shadowing that distorts the measurement result.
  • the dark or black background can be removed at the same time by a suitable standardization in the context of the evaluation of the measurement results, so that any optical defects, such as dark or black surface contamination in spite of the dark or black color of the background appear in high contrast and reliably detected.
  • the optical radiation is reflected at a possible surface contamination, which can then be reliably identified in the course of the evaluation.
  • a window transparent to X-rays is formed, wherein the at least one X-ray source radiates the conveyed through the vibrating conveyor bulk material and the window and the at least one X-ray sensor which irradiates the bulk material and the window X-ray detected. Due to the material and the small dimensions of some bulk materials, such as plastic pellets, very soft X-ray radiation must be used for X-ray detection. As a result, can not be through the material of the vibratory conveyor, usually metal, are blasted through. According to this embodiment, for example, in the last vibratory conveyor in front of the roller or the curved portion, a transparent window for X-ray radiation is installed.
  • Mylar is made of polyethylene, is very thin and yet very stable and tear-resistant.
  • the X-ray source may be located above or below the vibratory conveyor.
  • the X-ray sensor is then arranged corresponding to below or above the vibrating conveyor.
  • the window may vibrate with the vibration conveyor or be decoupled from the vibration of the vibration conveyor and thus be rigid. The latter is preferred for the measurement accuracy.
  • the rotationally driven roller or the curved section consists at least in sections of a material transparent to X-ray radiation, and that the at least one X-ray sensor is arranged in a rotationally fixed manner in the rotating roller or below or above the upper side of the curved section, wherein the at least one X-ray radiation source irradiates the bulk material conveyed via the rotationally driven roller or the curved section and the X-radiation penetrating the bulk material is detected by the at least one X-ray sensor arranged in the rotationally driven roller or below or above the upper side of the curved section.
  • the bulk material is fixed in position after being picked up on the surface of the rotating roller or the curved portion and before being detached from the roller or the curved portion.
  • the entire roller or the entire curved section may, of course, also consist of a material transparent to X-ray radiation.
  • the material is the same material as in the above-mentioned window.
  • the sorting out device comprises a blow-out or suction device which deflects bulk material which has been identified as defective, out of its trajectory by blowing or sucking it in such a way that it falls into the second outlet.
  • the blower or aspirator may comprise a plurality of blow-out or suction nozzles arranged along a line or along a two-dimensional array.
  • the sorting device arranged downstream of the detector devices is activated.
  • the bulk material for example a pellet that has been detected to be defective, can be deliberately deflected out of its trajectory so that it falls into the second outlet.
  • the sorting device can in principle be activated shortly before passing through the bulk material identified as defective and deactivated again shortly after it has passed. It is then sorted out for safety reasons, not only recognized as defective bulk, but also a small number of good-bulk material.
  • the sorting device comprises at least one mechanical ejector that deflects bulk material that has been identified as defective out of its trajectory in such a way that it falls into the second outlet.
  • a device for electrostatic Charging the rotationally driven roller or the curved portion is provided so that the bulk material can be held electrostatically on the rotationally driven roller or the curved portion and can be dropped in a defined position of the rotationally driven roller or the curved portion.
  • the surface of the rotationally driven roller or the curved portion having a plurality of suction openings, held by the bulk material on the rotationally driven roller or the curved portion and in a defined position of the rotationally driven roller or the curved portion can be dropped.
  • a vacuum device is connected to the roller or the curved portion, which generates a suitable negative pressure at the intake openings.
  • the device for electrostatically charging the rotationally driven roller or the curved section or the intake openings together with the vacuum device may be part of the sorting device.
  • a Aussortierkanal which is divided by at least one preferably vertically arranged sword in at least two channel sectors.
  • this sword for example, when using a blow-out or suction device, turbulence is prevented in the area of the sorting device, which can ultimately lead to incorrect sorting of the bulk material.
  • At least the vibration conveyor device can be surrounded by a closed housing, in particular an airtight housing.
  • the airtightness is sufficient to prevent harmful entry of contaminants.
  • By shielding the bulk material opposite the ambient air contamination of the bulk material is avoided by, for example, dust from the ambient air. It is possible that there is an overpressure relative to the environment within the housing. As a result, entry of impurities is particularly effectively avoided.
  • a negative pressure relative to the environment or ambient pressure prevails.
  • the supply device, the rotationally driven roller or the curved section and the first and the second output can be enclosed by the housing, in particular airtight, for further protection.
  • the entire conveying path of the bulk material is shielded by the supply device or an optionally provided reservoir up to the first or second output relative to the ambient air, so the device forms a closed system.
  • a guide cover adapted to the surface shape of the rotating roller or the curved portion may be disposed between the guide cover and the surface of the rotating roller or the curved portion Distance is formed, in which the bulk material is guided.
  • the guide cover may have a curvature adapted to the curvature of the surface of the roller or of the curved section.
  • the Aussortier can be formed between the rotating roller or the curved portion and the Aussortier founded a sectionally tapered in cross-section guide channel through which the bulk material from the rotating roller or the curved portion falls in the direction of the sorting.
  • the guide channel is, in particular, a slot-shaped guide channel which tapers at least in sections in the direction of fall of the bulk material.
  • the guide channel may be tapered in cross-section in the direction of fall of the bulk material in a first channel section and expand again in a subsequent to the first channel section second channel section.
  • the guide channel may have a first substantially vertical planar wall and one of the first wall opposite, at least partially tapering in the direction of the first wall second wall.
  • the second wall can be triangular or crescent-shaped in cross-section, for example.
  • a narrow slit-shaped guide channel has the advantage that the bulk material, guided by the walls of the guide channel, reaches the sorting device with minimal scattering of the trajectories. It has been found that with parallel walls of the guide channel, especially if they are only slightly spaced, then a negative pressure arises, if immediately after, for example, outlet nozzles are arranged and active, the negative pressure, the bulk material not in the sorting out, but against its fall direction can suck up into the channel. This can lead to inadmissible incorrect sorting of the bulk material. This is especially true when the device is designed as a closed system, as explained above. Due to the sectional cross-sectional constriction of the guide channel and possibly the subsequent cross-sectional widening this negative pressure is reliably avoided.
  • the device according to the invention is particularly suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention. Accordingly, the inventive Method are carried out with the device described or claimed in this patent application according to the invention.
  • a feeder with a feed hopper for bulk material in the example shown plastic pellets shown.
  • the apparatus further comprises a vibratory conveyor 12 having a first vibratory conveyor 14, a second vibratory conveyor 16 adjoining the first vibratory conveyor 14, and a third vibratory conveyor 16 adjoining the second vibratory conveyor 16 Vibratory conveyor 18.
  • the feeder 10 supplies the plastic pellets to the first vibratory conveyor 14.
  • All vibratory conveyors 14, 16, 18 can be driven in a vibrating manner, wherein the vibratory conveyors 14, 16, 18 are individually controllable with regard to their vibration frequency and vibration amplitude.
  • a control and regulating device not shown in the figure is provided, which controls the device of the invention as a whole.
  • Fig. 1 It can also be seen that the three vibratory conveyors 14, 16, 18 are arranged at different angles to the horizontal.
  • the first vibratory conveyor 14 has a slight inclination to the horizontal
  • the third vibratory conveyor 18 also has a slight inclination relative to the horizontal
  • the second vibratory conveyor 16 has the strongest inclination relative to the horizontal.
  • the vibratory conveyors 14, 16, 18 are formed like a ramp, wherein the movement of the plastic pellets by side walls of the vibrating conveyors 14, 16, 18 is laterally limited.
  • a transverse to the conveying direction of the bulk material wall 20 is further formed. On the one hand, it serves to uniformly distribute the plastic pellets emerging from the opening of the feed hopper 10 onto the first vibrating conveyor 14 in the illustrated example, onto the vibrating conveyor 14. In addition, the wall 20 retains the pellets from further movement once the vibration conveyor 14 is stopped, that is no longer vibrating. On the first vibratory conveyor 14, the movement of the pellets in the conveying direction begins. On the second vibratory conveyor 16, the pellets are supplied with an increased kinetic energy, so that they are accelerated and separated in the conveying direction.
  • the second and / or third vibrating conveyor 16, 18 is preferably one or a plurality of transverse to the conveying direction of the bulk material, in cross section preferably a wave profile or a triangular profile formed forming barriers. These serve on the one hand to homogenize the conveying speed of the pellets. On the other hand, they impart a vertical energy to the pellets, which leads to the dissolution of the pellets' multiple layers.
  • the pellets after passing through the barrier (s), preferably the wave profile or triangular profile of the barrier (s), the pellets are in a single-ply "jam arrangement". In this arrangement, they can be examined by an X-ray detector device, of which in Fig.
  • an X-ray source is shown at reference numeral 22.
  • a transparent X-ray window 24 In the bottom of the third vibrating conveyor 18 is a transparent X-ray window 24, in this case a Mylar window 24 is formed.
  • the X-ray source 22 emits X-radiation, which radiates through the window 24 promoted pellets and the window 24.
  • an X-ray sensor schematically shown at the reference numeral 26, which detects the X-ray radiation. In the present case, this is an X-ray camera operated in TDI mode.
  • the X-ray detector device inspects the pellets for impurities in their interior. The measurement results are fed to an evaluation device integrated in the control and regulating device, which decides on this basis whether the investigated pellets are to be sorted out as defective.
  • a cylindrical roller 28 which is driven in a rotating manner about the cylinder axis perpendicular to the conveying direction of the pellets, adjoins the end of the third vibrating conveyor 18 directly.
  • the pellets pass from the third vibrating conveyor 18 to the rotating roller 28, are taken along by this a short path and then transferred at a defined speed in a defined trajectory. Unless they are influenced, they fall along the in Fig. 1 marked with A trajectory 31 in a first output for good pellets.
  • the roller 28 is rotated slightly faster than the conveying speed of the pellets before impinging on the roller 28, so that the pellets are slightly accelerated.
  • a first optical detector device is also shown which inspects the pellets immediately after leaving the driven roller 28 from the top.
  • a second optical detector device is shown, which inspects the pellets after exiting the roller 28 in its trajectory from the bottom.
  • Both optical detector devices 30, 32 irradiate the pellets with diffused light against a black background and have as optical sensors high-speed cameras, which are operated in TDI mode.
  • the optical detector devices 30, 32 examine the pellets for optical impurities, in particular in the region of their surface. Again, the measurement results of the integrated into the control and regulating device evaluation are supplied and the evaluation decides based on the measurement results, whether the examined pellets are to be sorted out as defective.
  • the evaluation device recognizes pellets to be sorted out as defective on the basis of the measurement results of one of the detector devices 22, 26, 30, 32, an in Fig. 1 controlled at the reference 34, at the appropriate time, so that to be sorted out as defective pellets are deflected from their trajectory in the in Fig. 1 Trajectory 36 marked B and fall into a second exit for bad pellets.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ of the third vibrating conveyor 18 with respect to the horizontal is shown.
  • any inclination angle ⁇ is conceivable according to the invention. It is essentially determined by the flow rate and the bulk material to be tested.
  • reference numeral 40 illustrates how the conveying speed v of the pellets on the vibrating conveyor 18 is influenced by the rotation of the roller to the new conveying speed v + ⁇ v.
  • a barrier which runs transversely to the conveying direction of the pellets and preferably has a corrugated profile or a triangular profile in cross-section, is shown at 42.
  • Fig. 3 shows the partial view Fig. 2 according to a second embodiment.
  • This embodiment corresponds largely to the embodiment of the Figures 1 and 2
  • a curved section 44 adjoining the third vibrating conveyor 18 is provided.
  • the curvature of the curved portion 44 may be, for example, parabolic or circular.
  • the curved portion 44 forms a ramp supporting the trajectory of the bulk material. It is understood that the way to the Figures 1 and 2 explained embodiments also for the embodiment of FIG. 3 are applicable.
  • the inventive device shown largely corresponds to the in Fig. 1 shown device.
  • the in Fig. 4 apparatus shown only one vibrating conveyor 18, on the upper side, the bulk material from the feeder 10, in this case via a feed slot 11 is supplied.
  • the vibrating conveyor 18 in turn has a transparent to X-ray window 24, through which the X-ray source 22 irradiates the bulk material located on the vibratory conveyor 18, wherein the X-ray radiation is detected by the arranged below the window 24 X-ray sensor 26, as already explained above.
  • the Fig. 4 the embodiment of the Fig.
  • a guide cover 46 adapted to the surface curvature of the roller 28, in the present case a curved guide plate 46, arranged.
  • a curved gap Between the baffle 46 and the surface of the roller 28 there is a curved gap, through which the bulk material is promoted to reduce the scattering of the trajectories.
  • a slot-shaped guide channel 52 defined by a first wall 48 and a second wall 50 is formed for the bulk material falling from the roller 28 to the blow-off device 34.
  • the first wall 48 is planar and arranged in a vertical plane.
  • the second wall 50 has a triangular cross section, such that the guide channel 52 first narrows in cross-section in the direction of flight of the bulk material and then expands again.
  • a Aussortierkanal shown which is divided by a arranged in a vertical plane flat sword 56 in two juxtaposed channel sectors.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)

Claims (23)

  1. Dispositif de tri d'un matériau en vrac, en particulier de granulés, qui comprend un dispositif de transport vibrant (12) et un dispositif d'alimentation (10) qui alimente le dispositif de transport vibrant (12) en matériau en vrac, comprenant en outre une première sortie et une deuxième sortie, la première sortie étant disposée de telle sorte que le matériau en vrac transporté tombe dans la première sortie à travers une extrémité du dispositif de transport vibrant (12), comprenant en outre au moins un dispositif de détection (22, 26, 30, 32) qui est adapté pour trouver des défauts dans le matériau en vrac transporté par le dispositif de transport vibrant (12), le dispositif de détection (22, 26, 30, 32) comprenant au moins un dispositif de détection à rayons X (22, 26) avec au moins une source de rayons X (22) et au moins un détecteur à rayons X (26), le dispositif de détection (22, 26, 30, 32) comprenant au moins un dispositif de détection optique fonctionnant dans le domaine des longueurs d'onde visibles et/ou au moins un dispositif de détection optique (30, 32) fonctionnant dans le domaine des longueurs d'onde infrarouges, avec au moins une source de rayonnement optique et au moins un capteur optique, le dispositif comprenant en outre un dispositif d'extraction (34) qui est adapté pour influer sur le matériau en vrac, transporté par l'extrémité du dispositif de transport vibrant (12) et détecté comme défectueux par le dispositif de détection (22, 26, 30, 32) sur sa trajectoire de telle manière que le matériau en vrac détecté comme défectueux tombe dans la deuxième sortie, caractérisé en ce que à l'extrémité du dispositif de transport vibrant (12) est raccordé un rouleau (28) entraîné en rotation, sur lequel arrive le matériau en vrac transporté par l'extrémité du dispositif de transport vibrant (12) et qui transporte le matériau en vrac en direction de la première sortie sur une trajectoire prédéfinie par la rotation du rouleau (28), ou en ce que à l'extrémité du dispositif de transport vibrant (12) est raccordée une section courbée (44) sur laquelle arrive le matériau en vrac transporté par l'extrémité du dispositif de transport vibrant (12) et qui transporte le matériau en vrac en direction de la première sortie sur une trajectoire prédéfinie par sa courbure.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que au moins un capteur optique de l'au moins un dispositif de détection optique (30, 32) comprend un capteur haute vitesse, notamment un capteur haute vitesse opéré dans le mode TDI (Time-Delay-Integration-mode) et/ou qu'au moins un capteur de rayons X (26) de l'au moins un dispositif de détection à rayon X (22, 26) comprend un capteur haute vitesse, notamment un capteur haute vitesse opéré dans le mode TDI (Time-Delay-Integration-mode).
  3. Dispositif selon une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de détection comprend deux dispositifs de détection optique (30, 32), un premier dispositif de détection optique (30) analysant le matériau en vrac d'un coté supérieur sur le rouleau (28) entraîné en rotation ou sur la section courbée (44) ou après l'abandon du rouleau (28) entraîné en rotation ou de la section courbée (44), et un deuxième dispositif de détection optique (32) analysant le matériau en vrac d'un coté inférieur quand le matériau en vrac se trouve en chute libre après l'abandon du rouleau (28) entraîné en rotation ou de la section courbée (44).
  4. Dispositif selon une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que au moins un dispositif de détection optique (30, 32) analyse le matériau en vrac avant un arrière-plan non illuminé, notamment avant un arrière-plan non illuminé noir, le plan focal de l'au moins un capteur optique étant dans la région du matériau en vrac qu'on veut analyser.
  5. Dispositif selon une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que une fenêtre (24) transparente pour des rayons X est formée dans le fond d'un convoyeur vibratoire (14, 16, 18) du dispositif de transport vibrant (12), l'au moins une source de rayons X (22) pénétrant le matériau en vrac transporté par le convoyeur vibratoire (14, 16, 18) et la fenêtre (24), et l'au moins un capteur de rayons X (26) détecte les rayons X qui ont pénétré le matériau en vrac et la fenêtre (24).
  6. Dispositif selon une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le rouleau (28) entraîné en rotation ou la section courbée (44) consistent d'un matériau transparent pour des rayons X au moins par sections, et que l'au moins un capteur de rayons X (26) est arrangé solidaire en rotation dans le rouleau tournant (28) ou au-dessous ou au-dessus du rouleau tournant (28) ou au-dessous ou au-dessus de la section courbée (44), l'au moins une source de rayons X (22) pénétrant le matériau en vrac transporté par le rouleau (28) entraîné en rotation ou par la section courbée (44), et les rayons X qui ont pénétré le matériau en vrac sont détectés par l'au moins un capteur de rayons X (26) arrangé dans le rouleau (28) entraîné en rotation ou au-dessous ou au-dessus du rouleau (28) entraîné en rotation ou au-dessous ou au-dessus du coté supérieur de la section courbée (44).
  7. Dispositif selon une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que au moins le dispositif de transport vibrant (12) est entouré d'un boîtier fermé, notamment un boîtier en étanchéité hermétique.
  8. Dispositif selon une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que un couvercle guidant (46), notamment une plaque de guidage (46) adaptée à la forme de la surface du rouleau tournant (28) ou de la section courbée (44) est arrangé au moins par sections au-dessus du rouleau tournant (28) ou au-dessus de la section courbée (44), un écart étant formé entre le couvercle guidant (46) et la surface du rouleau tournant (28) ou de la section courbée (44), dans lequel le matériau en vrac est guidé.
  9. Dispositif selon une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que un conduit de guidage (52) se rétrécissant au moins par sections est formé entre le rouleau tournant (28) ou la section courbée (44) et le dispositif d'extraction, en passant duquel le matériau en vrac tombe dans la direction du dispositif d'extraction à partir du rouleau tournant (28) ou de la section courbée (44).
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la coupe transversale du conduit de guidage (52) se diminue dans la direction de chute du matériau en vrac dans une première section du conduit et s'élargit de nouveau dans une deuxième section du conduit raccordée à la deuxième section.
  11. Dispositif selon une des revendications 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que le conduit de guidage (52) comprend une première paroi plate essentiellement verticale (48) et une deuxième paroi (50) vis-à-vis de la deuxième paroi (48) qui s'effile dans la direction de la première paroi (48) au moins par sections.
  12. Dispositif selon une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'extraction (34) comprend un dispositif de soufflerie ou d'aspiration (34), qui détourne du matériau en vrac reconnu comme défectueux de son trajectoire par soufflerie ou aspiration de sorte qu'il tombe dans la deuxième sortie.
  13. Dispositif selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de soufflerie ou d'aspiration (34) comprend une pluralité de buses à aspiration ou soufflerie arrangées le long d'une ligne ou le long d'un tableau à deux dimensions.
  14. Dispositif selon une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'extraction comprend au moins un éjecteur mécanique, qui détourne du matériau en vrac reconnu comme défectueux de son trajectoire de sorte qu'il tombe dans la deuxième sortie.
  15. Dispositif selon une des revendications 12 à 14, caractérisé en ce que le matériau en vrac détourné de son trajectoire par le dispositif d'extraction passe dans un conduit d'extraction (54), qui est subdivisé en au moins deux secteurs de conduit par au moins une dérive (56), de préférence verticalement arrangée.
  16. Procédé de tri d'un matériau en vrac, notamment de granulés, dans lequel du matériau en vrac est alimenté à un dispositif de transport vibrant (12), dans lequel le matériau en vrac est transporté à travers une extrémité du dispositif de transport vibrant (12) et tombe dans une premier sortie, dans lequel le matériau en vrac transporté par le dispositif de transport vibrant (12) est en outre examiné pour trouver des défauts par au moins un dispositif de détection à rayon X (22, 26) avec au moins un source de rayons X (22) et au moins un capteur de rayons X (26) et aussi par au moins un dispositif de détection optique fonctionnant dans le domaine des longueurs d'onde visibles, et/ou au moins un dispositif de détection (30, 32) fonctionnant dans le domaine des longueurs d'onde infrarouge avec au moins une source de rayonnement optique et au moins un capteur optique, dans lequel du matériau en vrac détecté comme défectueux transporté à travers l'extrémité du dispositif de transport vibrant (12) est influencé sur son trajectoire de sorte que le matériau en vrac détecté comme défectueux tombe dans une deuxième sortie, caractérisé en ce que le matériau en vrac transporté à travers l'extrémité du dispositif de transport vibrant (12) est transporté à un rouleau (28) entraîné en rotation raccordé à l'extrémité du dispositif de transport vibrant (12), et le matériau en vrac est transporté sur une trajectoire prédéfinie par la rotation du rouleau (28), ou que le matériau en vrac transporté à travers l'extrémité du dispositif de transport vibrant (12) est transporté à une section courbée (44) raccordée à l'extrémité du dispositif de transport vibrant (12) et le matériau en vrac est transporté dans la direction de la première sortie sur une trajectoire prédéterminée par la courbure de la section courbée (44).
  17. Procédé selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que le matériau en vrac est analysé par un premier dispositif de détection optique (30) d'un coté supérieur sur le rouleau (28) entraîné en rotation ou de la section courbée (44) ou après l'abandon du rouleau (28) entraîné en rotation ou de la section courbée (44), et que le matériau en vrac est analysé par un deuxième dispositif de détection optique (32) d'un coté inférieur quand le matériau en vrac se trouve en chute libre après l'abandon du rouleau (28) entraîné en rotation ou de la section courbée (44).
  18. Procédé selon une des revendications 16 ou 17, caractérisé en ce que au moins un dispositif de détection optique (30, 32) analyse le matériau en vrac avant un arrière-plan non illuminé, de préférence avant un arrière-plan non illuminé noir, le plan focal de l'au moins un capteur optique étant dans la région du matériau en vrac qu'on veut examiner.
  19. Procédé selon une des revendications 17 à 20, caractérisé en ce que l'au moins une source de rayons X (22) pénètre le matériau en vrac transporté par le convoyeur vibratoire (14, 16, 18) à travers une fenêtre (24) transparente pour des rayons X formée dans le fond d'un convoyeur vibratoire (14, 16, 18) du dispositif de transport vibrant (12), et l'au moins un capteur de rayons X (26) détecte les rayons X qui pénètrent le matériau en vrac et la fenêtre (24).
  20. Procédé selon une des revendications 16 à 19, caractérisé en ce que le rouleau (28) entraîné en rotation ou la section courbée (44) consistent d'un matériau transparent pour des rayons X au moins par sections, et que l'au moins un capteur de rayons X (26) est arrangé solidaire en rotation dans le rouleau tournant (28) ou au-dessous ou au-dessus du rouleau tournant (28) ou au-dessous ou au-dessus de la section courbée (44), l'au moins une source de rayons X (22) pénétrant le matériau en vrac transporté par le rouleau (28) entraîné en rotation, et les rayons X qui ont pénétré le matériau en vrac sont détectés par l'au moins un capteur de rayons X (26) arrangé dans le rouleau (28) entraîné en rotation ou au-dessous ou au-dessus du rouleau (28) entraîné en rotation ou au-dessous ou au-dessus du coté supérieur de la section courbée (44).
  21. Procédé selon une des revendications 16 à 20, caractérisé en ce que du matériau en vrac détecté comme défectueux est détourné de son trajectoire par soufflerie ou aspiration de sorte qu'il tombe dans la deuxième sortie.
  22. Procédé selon une des revendications 6 à 21, caractérisé en ce que le matériau en vrac détecté comme défectueux est détourné de son trajectoire par au moins un éjecteur mécanique de sorte qu'il tombe dans la deuxième sortie.
  23. Procédé selon une des revendications 16 à 22, caractérisé en ce que le rouleau (28) est entraînée avec une telle vitesse de rotation que le matériau en vrac transporté à travers l'extrémité du dispositif de transport vibrant (12) est accéléré ou décéléré en sa vitesse de transportation par le rouleau (28).
EP14719721.4A 2013-10-11 2014-04-22 Dispositif et procédé de tri du produit en vrac Active EP3055079B1 (fr)

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EP20130188370 EP2859963A1 (fr) 2013-10-11 2013-10-11 Dispositif et procédé destinés à trier des produits en vrac
EP14719721.4A EP3055079B1 (fr) 2013-10-11 2014-04-22 Dispositif et procédé de tri du produit en vrac
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EP3055079A1 (fr) 2016-08-17
RU2016116443A (ru) 2017-11-16
US9975149B2 (en) 2018-05-22
KR20160065976A (ko) 2016-06-09
CN105722611A (zh) 2016-06-29
CN105722611B (zh) 2018-04-06
RU2660077C2 (ru) 2018-07-04
EP2859963A1 (fr) 2015-04-15
JP2016532543A (ja) 2016-10-20
JP6503346B2 (ja) 2019-04-17

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