EP2611714A1

EP2611714A1 - Transporting apparatus for electrochemical energy-storage means

Info

Publication number: EP2611714A1
Application number: EP11746172.3A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Michael Loehrke; Tim Schaefer
Original assignee: Li Tec Battery GmbH
Current assignee: Li Tec Battery GmbH
Priority date: 2010-08-31
Filing date: 2011-08-02
Publication date: 2013-07-10
Also published as: JP2013545674A; CN103180226A; DE102010035959A1; US20130240385A1; WO2012028237A1; KR20130103518A

Abstract

A transporting apparatus (100; 102; 104) for at least one electrochemical energy-storage means (150) has at least one accommodating means (110, 120, 130, 140, 160), for accommodating the hazardous substance (150) at least in part, and at least one safety device (132, 134, 136, 138, 142, 170, 180), for safeguarding against a hazard situation caused by the hazardous substance (150) accommodated.

Description

Transport device for electrochemical

Energy storage devices

The present invention relates to a transport device, in particular for transporting and storing dangerous goods, in particular for receiving electrochemical energy storage devices, in particular lithium-ion cells or lithium-ion batteries. Especially in the case of lithium-ion batteries and lithium-ion cells, the following concrete dangers are known: leakage of the liquid electrolyte, short circuit, fire and even explosion. To reduce these risks, such batteries and cells often have adapted housing, which increase the reliability. Thus described e.g. in EP 2 180 537 A2.

When storing or transporting electrochemical energy storage devices, especially if damaged, measures must be taken to reduce or eliminate the risk of release of the contents into the environment under normal conditions of storage or transport, in particular the release of the contents into the environment prevent. Simple packaging, such as paper boxes, does not serve this purpose. Rather, recording devices are required which, for example, provide security during recording, in particular the packaging and transport of, for example, electrochemical energy storage devices, for example in order to prevent the escape of hazardous substances into the environment. In the prior art, additional complex measures are often taken eg by providing fire extinguishers in order to be able to fight any fires quickly and effectively.

The new requirements (highest possible performance with the lowest possible weight or small size) of electrochemical energy storage devices that can be used in particular as an energy source in electrically powered vehicles lead to the transport derselbigen, especially in the case of damaged or defective copies, a there is an increased risk, eg In the case of fire, very violent decomposition reactions can take place up to the point of explosion, whereby toxic and environmentally hazardous gases, such as chlorine or sulfur dioxide, can escape and escape into the environment.

Therefore, the transport of these electrochemical energy storage units with mainly organic, liquid electrolytes, generally strict rules, which i.a. are summarized in the following, mostly pan-European directives, such as:

• ADR = European income via the international transport of dangerous goods by road

• RID = European Convention on International Rail Transport

• IMDG Code = Dangerous goods labeling for dangerous goods in shipping traffic

· ADN = European Convention for the Transport of Dangerous Goods by Inland Waterways

• ICAO-TI and IATA DGR = Regulations for the Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air These guidelines define, for example, the maximum permitted amount of dangerous goods to be transported, permitted types and materials of packaging, and Safety measures, such as securing the load against slipping, or keeping fire extinguishers available.

Nevertheless, these guidelines lack a technically sophisticated, and above all uniform description of a binding receptacle for electrochemical energy storage devices.

For example, for used lithium-ion cells, the rule (from ADR) that these may be transported in so-called 1 H2 vessels applies. The description 1 H2 stands for the type of container, the material and the categorization:

• 1 = type of container (e.g., bags, boxes)

• H = material of the container (e.g., wood, steel)

• 2 = categorization (e.g., open or closed)

The case that substances which are harmful to health and the environment nevertheless become dangerous, e.g. However, in the above-mentioned guidelines is not considered. Accordingly, no measures are required that make sense in this case of danger.

CA 2,280,620 A1 discloses a battery pack which consists of two parts and includes battery holders which are spaced to accommodate any leaking battery fluid in the interstices.

WO 02/21614 A1 discloses a container for transporting small batteries, wherein the container has a predetermined breaking strength.

The invention has for its object to provide a secure transport device, in particular for the transport and storage of dangerous goods, in particular of electrochemical energy storage devices, which is particularly simple and compact. This is achieved according to the invention by the teaching of the independent claims. Preferred developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

To solve this problem, as described in detail below, a transport device for dangerous goods, in particular for at least one electrochemical energy storage device, which has at least one receiving device for at least partially receiving the dangerous goods and at least one safety device against a dangerous situation by the dangerous goods.

The advantage of the present invention is that at least one safety device is integrated into the transport device. By this coupling of dangerous goods receiving device and safety device, the safety function of the safety device more directly, ie, for example, targeted or faster, counteract a possible danger situation. Preferably, the receiving device has an underside, which can be configured in particular for setting up a container on an optional base plate, for example by projections for engagement in a Euro pallet or other documents, (electro) magnetic holding elements for holding on a metallic pad or base elements, which may be elastically deformable, for example, or the like. The underside preferably has substantially at least one planar section or is essentially flat, so that, when the transport device is arranged as intended, the normal of this plane is perpendicular to the direction of gravity. In the context of the description of the present invention, this corresponds to the negative z-direction, which is also referred to as "downward" (corresponding to the positive z-direction: "upward"). Vis a vis, namely on the underside, the receiving device has an upper side. The receiving device preferably comprises or consists of a frame or a frame. This is preferably each designed so that it frames or spans a receiving volume. Preferably, the receiving device, in particular the frame or the frame, is designed to ensure stability, which provides security against mechanical stress on the receiving device. Preferably, the receiving device withstands a load by overpressure or negative pressure in the interior of the receiving device of +/- 1 bar or higher or lower, these pressure differences with respect to an imaginary or real envelope of the receiving device act, which delimits the interior of the receiving device against its exterior. Preferably, the receiving device withstands external loads of preferably up to 130 N / cm ² or higher, substantially without damaging the receiving device.

The frame or the frame may have fastening devices, so that the receiving device and thus the transport device can be fixed, that is their displaceability relative to the environment, eg the bottom of a van, limited, preferably can be prevented. A fastening device may comprise latching means, by means of which the attachment can be achieved by latching the transport device with complementary latching means of the environment. Complementary fastening means, for example complementary locking means, can also be arranged on the receiving device or the transport device itself. In this case, a plurality of transport devices and / or receiving devices connected to each other, for example, be locked to form, for example, a composite of several transport devices or to form, for example, a transport device with a plurality of connected receiving devices. The coupling of several receiving devices of the transport device whose mobility is limited, which can increase the safety during storage or during transport. The receiving device preferably has a base plate. The base plate can be formed by a preferably parallelepiped-shaped, in particular when loaded to 2,000 kg or more stable body, for example by at least one plate according to an industry standard, for example a Euro pallet, preferably a Euro pallet according to DIN EN 13698, which preferably has a base area of 0.1 to 2 m ² , preferably 0.5 to 1.5 m ² , preferably 0.7 to 1.0 m ² , preferably 0.96 m ² . Preferably, the base area can also be larger or smaller. Preferably, the Euro pallet has length external dimensions of 100 to 2,000 mm, preferably of 800 to 1,500 mm, preferably of 1,000 to 1,300 mm, preferably of 1,200 mm. Preferably, the Euro-pallet has width outside dimensions of 50 to 2,000 mm, preferably of 300 to 1,500, preferably of 700 to 1,200 mm, preferably of 800 mm. Preferably, the europallet has height outside dimensions of 10 to 500 mm, preferably 50 to 350 mm, preferably 70 to 200 mm, preferably 144 mm. Preferably, the length dimensions and / or width dimensions and / or height dimensions of the Euro pallet can also be larger or smaller. The use of eg a Euro pallet in accordance with DIN EN 13698 offers the advantage that many facilities already provided for in transport and storage, for example the loading area of a truck, train wagon or shipping container, can be used optimally, since these are often optimally dimensioned already to the standard dimensions of this Euro pallet , The base plate may include a fastening device for fixing the receiving device to the base plate or for fixing the transport device with respect to their environment, so that a fixation is possible, ie the displaceability of the receiving device or transport device limited, preferably suppressed.

The circumference of the base plate may preferably correspond to the circumference of the optional frame or frame. The circumference of the base plate may also be larger or smaller than the circumference of the frame or the frame. The receiving device may have a closure device, for example a closure plate, which may be designed as a cover device. The closure device can be a separate component which can be connected in particular to the receiving device or can be firmly connected to the receiving device, that is to say can not be detached in a non-destructive manner. The receiving device may further comprise a holding device for holding the closure device. The holding device may have a hinge arrangement or a rail arrangement, so that the closure arrangement can be executed as a pivot or sliding closure. The closure plate may include a fixing device so that it can be fixed to the receiving device. The fixing device may include, for example, locking means, or magnetic closure elements or locking elements.

The circumference of the closure plate may correspond to the perimeter of the optional frame or stand. The circumference of the closure plate may also be larger or smaller than the circumference of the frame or the frame.

The receiving device may be formed as an open or closed container or have such, which may have, for example, base plate, frame or frame and closure plate. The container preferably has at least one side wall, which may, for example, be shaped like a hollow cylinder, or preferably has at least four connected side walls, which essentially enclose a cuboidal volume. The receiving volume of the container is preferably adapted to receive a liquid volume of, for example, preferably 1 to 1000 dm ³ , 100 to 800 dm ³ , 200 to 700 dm ³ , 500 to 700 dm ³ or more or less and this at least in the direction of gravity (after below) to prevent leakage under gravity.

The recording device (s) can be closed or closable against the environment. Preferably, the receiving device at least one opening or a plurality (eg> 2) or a plurality (eg> 8) of openings, in particular those by means of which an operative relationship of the interior of the receiving device to the exterior of the receiving device or the transport device is possible. As a result, in particular, a safety device can interact with the interior of the receiving device, for example with the dangerous goods, in order, for example, to extinguish a fire. This at least one opening is preferably formed on or in the top of the receptacle or close to it, preferably in the optional closure device.

The components of the transport device, such as base plate or frame or frame or side walls of the receiving device, may be made of any materials which are suitable for receiving the respective dangerous good, preferably treated, e.g. coated or untreated wood, or in each case just plastic, metal, steel, aluminum, sheet, plate, fiber, fiber structure, or felt, or composite materials.

The components, such as base plate, side surfaces, frame or frame and closure plate may preferably be materially and / or non-positively and / or positively connected with each other, whereby preferably an undesirable material leakage from the Transportvörrichtung in the environment and vice versa, a substance ingress from the environment in the Transport device reduced, more preferably can be prevented, especially in case of danger. The receiving device or the transport device may be formed as a module which is cohesively and / or preferably non-positively and / or particularly preferably positively connected with other modules, whereby a compact composite of receiving devices within a transport device or a composite of transport devices can be obtained.

The receiving device (s) can be flexible, in particular elastic, ie, for example, with modulus of elasticity <0.5 kN / mm ² (or 0.1 or 0.05), which can be formed by the use of elastomers, for example silicone rubber can be achieved. Alternatively or additionally, the receiving device may be rigid, in particular substantially inelastic, eg with modulus of elasticity> 0.5 kN / mm ² (or 0.1 or 0.05). Furthermore, the receiving device may have flexible components in combination with rigid components or without rigid components, which may also be associated with a safety device, for example. Elastic properties offer the advantage that mechanical shocks that act on the receiving device, for example, from the outside can be absorbed, which can prevent damage. Rigid properties prevent undesirable deformation and provide dimensional stability, which may also be preferred to provide a stable containment device.

Preferably, the receiving device has at least one damping device. This may comprise one or more elastic or inelastically deformable sections by means of which e.g. at mechanical shocks, z. In impact situations, a kinetic energy can be converted to strain energy and heat energy to substantially absorb the mechanical shock or vibration. This can protect the dangerous goods. Such portions may be components of the optional side walls, the closure device, the base plate, the frame or the frame or sheathing of the receiving device. The number of sections may be 1, 2 to 5, 6 to 10, 1 to 20, 30 to 50 or more. They may be arranged on one or more sides of the receiving device and in particular evenly, e.g. equidistant, be distributed. Furthermore, these sections may be separate components which are arranged or fixed on the receiving device or on one of its components. For example, this deformable portion may also be formed as a closed or partial enclosure of the receiving device in order to form an "outer buffer zone".

Preferably, a receptacle may have substantially a single component and be formed integrally, for example as one Composite aluminum foil or as an aluminum part, and / or have multiple components, such as a base plate, a frame or a frame or a closure plate. The transport device may be configured such that a first receiving device completely or at least partially encloses at least one second receiving device. A first receiving device can completely or at least partially enclose at least one second receiving device, so that there is no operative relationship between the at least second receiving device and the surroundings of the first receiving device and thus of the entire transport device. A first receiving device can completely or partially enclose the at least second receiving device, so that an operative relationship between the at least second receiving device and the environment is possible. A first receiving device may be in operative relationship with at least one second receiving device. A first receiving device can be in no operative relationship with at least one second receiving device. A first receiving device may have common parts with at least one second receiving device. A first receiving device can be cohesively and / or positively and / or positively in contact with at least one second receiving device in contact.

By this combination possibilities of at least a first and a second receiving device, a transport device can be created with particular advantages in terms of functionality, flexibility, safety record, Füllgutschutz and manageability.

Preferably, a first transport device may be connected to at least one second transport device preferably cohesively and / or non-positively and / or positively. In one embodiment, the receiving device (s) is / are (an) outer packaging that at least partially isolates the transport device from the outside, and in particular, is recyclable or non-recyclable and is appropriately reused or not reused in use.

In one embodiment, the pick-up device (s) is (are) a recovery packaging device (s) that can record a dangerous good repeatably to protect it, e.g. from hazardous situations (for example in the case of accident, storage damage, etc.), and which is preferably recyclable and is recycled accordingly in use.

The safety device may be part of the transport device alone or in combination with other safety devices. Preferably, at least one receiving device or parts of a receiving device can be connected in a material-locking and / or non-positive and / or form-locking manner to at least one safety device.

The safety device (s) may be located inside the receiving device (s). The safety device (s) may be located on the outside of the receiving device (s). The safety device (s) can be located between a first and at least one second receiving device. A part of the safety device (s) may be arranged on the outside of the receiving device and / or parts inside the receiving device (s).

The security device (s) may interact with the receiving device (s) and / or the environment. The security device (s) may be in no operative relationship with the pickup (s) and the environment. In one embodiment, at least two safety devices may be provided. The at least two safety devices can be located inside the receiving device (s). The at least two safety devices may be located on the outside of / on the receiving device / s. The at least two security devices can be located between receiving devices. The at least two safety devices may have part (s) on the outside of the receiving device (s) and / or parts inside the receiving device (s). The at least two safety devices may be in operative relationship with the receiving device (s). The at least two safety devices can be in no operative relationship with the receiving device (s). The at least two safety devices can have no operative relationship with the environment. The at least two safety devices can be in operative relationship with the environment.

The at least two safety devices can interact with each other. The at least two safety devices can not interact with each other. The at least two security devices can be in operative relationship with one another and / or with the receiving device (s) and / or the environment. The at least two safety devices can not interact with each other and / or recording device (s) and / or the environment. The at least two safety devices can be in operative relationship with at least one recording device and the environment. The at least two safety devices can be in no operative relationship with at least one receiving device and the environment.

The safety devices may serve the same purpose, for example fire prevention. The safety devices can serve various purposes, for example, a first Safety device of the fire prevention and can serve a second safety device to catch escaping liquids.

Advantageously, at least one safety device for fire prevention and / or fire fighting is part of the transport device. Advantageously, at least one safety device to prevent material leakage from the transport device in its environment part of the transport device. Advantageously, at least one safety device to prevent material entry from the environment of the transport device in the transport device part of the transport device.

At least three safety devices are advantageously provided, wherein at least one first safety device of the fire prevention and / or fire fighting, at least one second safety device of recording and / or removing solid, liquid or gaseous (chemical) substances from the interior of a receiving device, and at least a third Safety device for receiving and / or removing solid, liquid or gaseous (chemical) substances from the external environment of a receiving device is used.

The safety device (s) can each be preferably inserted before, during and after the assembly of the transport device.

Advantageously, a safety device, in particular a container with extinguishing agent, placed on a first receiving device, in particular, the safety device at a minimum temperature and / or minimum pressure releases an extinguishing agent. Preferably, a rapidly degrading capsule at a minimum temperature and / or a minimum pressure causes the release of the extinguishing agent. The release of the extinguishing agent preferably takes place by spraying. Preferably, the safety device is designed as a container, preferably as Päd. Under Päd is a container to understand that contains a product. A pedel preferably has an interior space for receiving substances, for example extinguishing agents, which are preferably dry, gelatinous or liquid or preferably have aerosol extinguishing agents. The space for receiving said substances is preferably defined by a sheath of the pad, which is preferably flexible. Preferably, the envelope is formed like a foil. The envelope may be formed in several pieces or in one piece. Preferably, a predetermined breaking point is attached to the casing at a certain position or positions, which opens when certain values for parameters are exceeded or fallen short of, for example at elevated pressure or elevated temperature, and discharges the contents into the environment. Such a predetermined breaking point can be formed, for example, as a seam, in particular as a weld.

Preferably, in the wrapper or within the wrapper, when certain values for parameters are exceeded, for example at elevated pressure or elevated temperature, a rapidly degrading capsule causing a pressure rise within the wrapper, for example by releasing gases, is located Extinguishing agent is released, preferably sprayed, preferably by opening one or more predetermined breaking points. However, it is also conceivable that an extinguishing agent is located within the enclosure, which is activated after an activation, for example after a temperature increase over a defined value, and converts into a rapidly expanding extinguishing agent, for example into an aerosol.

In one embodiment, at least one safety device is advantageously designed as a fire-extinguishing device. The fire extinguishing device preferably contains at least one extinguishing agent or mixtures of extinguishing agents. The extinguishing agent may consist of inert gas, in particular C0 ₂ , Ar or N ₂ or consist of gas mixtures or these. The extinguishing agent may be off a reaction inhibiting agent and / or mounting foam or have this. The extinguishing agent may consist of cooling water or have this, which may contain at least one extinguishing agent additive. The extinguishing agent may also consist of an aerosol or have an aerosol. This aerosol can be a dry aerosol. The extinguishing agent may be a quenching powder, in particular an ABC powder, a BC powder, or a D powder.

Preferably, at least one extinguishing agent additive consisting of a polymer preparation which takes up a multiple of its weight in water, and an adhesive and heat-shielding gel, without air inclusions, consisting of uniformly thickened water is used.

Preferably, at least one extinguishing agent additive has a good adhesion ability even on smooth, vertical surfaces. Preferably, layer thicknesses up to 10 mm are formed. The layer thickness can also be larger or smaller. Preferably, the at least one extinguishing agent additive reduces the rate of evaporation of the water, even at high temperatures, due to physico-chemical properties. Further preferably, the extinguishing water consumption is lowered. Preferably, the at least one extinguishing agent additive is at least partially biodegradable. Particularly preferred extinguishing agent additives have a product viscosity of 200 to 500 mPas at 20 ° C. The product viscosity can also be larger or smaller. Furthermore, particularly preferred extinguishing agent additives have densities of 1.05 g / cm ³ . The density can also be larger or smaller.

Particularly preferred extinguishing agents (additives) have a pH between 6.9 and 7.1 at 20 ° C. The pH can also be larger or smaller. The preferred dosing rate of extinguishing agents (additives) is 1, 0% to 1, 5% for fire fighting, 2.0% to 3.0% for shielding, and 1, 0% to 2.0% for extinguishing systems. The dosing rate can also be larger or smaller. Such an extinguishing agent additive is sold, for example, under the trade name "Firesorb" by Evonik (2010, approval number PL 1-98)

Preferably, at least one safety device has a pressure relief device, which is preferably resealable, and in particular a valve, for example a Hörbiger valve and / or flap, for example a multi-valve, which may for example have a plurality of fins, wherein adjacent slats can touch when closed. The flap may in particular be a spring-loaded flap. The safety device may further comprise a predetermined breaking point, in particular in a part of the receiving device, for example in the closure device.

The transport device preferably has at least one tub element. A tub element may be a trough-shaped component, in particular a collecting trough. Preferably, at least one safety device is designed as a collecting trough for liquids emerging from the receiving device, and preferably made of suitable material or combinations of suitable materials, in particular steel, sheet metal, aluminum, copper, metal, plastic, for example PVC or PE, or even one or formed of multiple films of one or more of these materials. Preferably, the receiving device is disposed within and / or above the sump and preferably disposed within the sump. Preferably, the lateral dimensions of this drip pan are such that the lateral dimensions of a standard Euro pallet are not exceeded or that the lateral dimensions of the drip pan substantially coincide with the lateral dimensions in a standard Euro pallet. The drip pan can be materially and / or non-positively and / or positively connected to at least one receiving device, in particular fixed, so not destructive releasably connected. But it is also possible that the drip pan is not connected to the at least one receiving device. Preferably, the bottom or sides of a tub member have at least one spacing means, for example one or more pedestals or ribs, for spacing the bottom of the tub from the underside of the bottom of the receptacle disposed above. However, it can also have the underside of the bottom of the receiving devices said spacer device. Preferably, said spacing means are made of suitable materials, such as wood or metal. Preferably, said spacing devices are connected to the bottom of the collecting trough and the underside of the bottom of the receiving device in a material- and / or non-positive manner. A spacing device can have latching means by means of which the fastening can be achieved by latching the transport device with complementary latching means of the tub. Preferably, at least one safety device is capable of chemical and / or physical adsorption and / or chemical and / or physical absorption of solid and / or liquid and / or gaseous (chemical) substances. Preferably, the hazardous material is enclosed by at least one safety device which is capable of chemical and / or physical adsorption and / or chemical and / or physical absorption of solid and / or liquid and / or gaseous chemical substances. In one embodiment, a safety device is designed as a fast-curing foam. This foam may have, for example, fire-retardant and / or moisture-absorbing and / or shock-absorbing properties. Preferably, at least one safety device, in particular for fire prevention, as a flame-retardant and / or gas and / or liquid-tight enclosure of the dangerous goods is formed, preferably consisting from composite film and / or ceramic spray material (for example, which is known under the trade name Separion Evonik Industries AG) and / or heat-shielding, adhesive gel and / or mounting foam with anti-inflammatory and / or PCM (phase-change material), and is preferably sprayed from cans on the dangerous goods.

Preferably, the flame retardant and / or gas-tight and / or liquid-tight wrapping of the hazardous substance from a polymer preparation which absorbs many times their weight in water, and an adhesive and heat-shielding gel, without air pockets, consisting of uniformly thickened water exist. Preferably, the flame-retardant and / or gas- and / or liquid-tight enclosure of the dangerous goods has a good adhesion even on smooth, vertical surfaces. Preferably, layer thicknesses up to 10 mm are formed. The layer thickness can also be larger or smaller. The flame-retardant and / or gas-tight and / or liquid-tight covering of the dangerous goods preferably reduces the rate of evaporation of the water, even at high temperatures, on account of physico-chemical properties. Furthermore, preferably the extinguishing water consumption is lowered. Preferably, the flame-retardant and / or gas-tight and / or liquid-tight enclosure of the dangerous goods is at least partially biodegradable. Particularly preferred flame-retardant and / or gas-tight and / or liquid-tight sheathings of the dangerous goods have a product viscosity of 200 to 500 mPas at 20 ° C. The product viscosity can also be larger or smaller. Furthermore, particularly preferred flame-retardant and / or gas-tight and / or liquid-tight sheathings of the dangerous goods have densities of 1.05 g / cm ³ . The density can also be larger or smaller.

Particularly preferred flame-retardant and / or gas-tight and / or liquid-tight sheathings of the dangerous goods have a pH of between 6.9 and 7.1 at 20 ° C. The pH can also be larger or smaller. The preferred dosage rate of the flame retardant and / or gas-tight and / or liquid-tight enclosure of the dangerous goods is 2.0% to 3.0% with shielding. The dosing rate can also be larger or smaller. Such a flame-retardant and / or gas-tight and / or liquid-tight enclosure of the dangerous goods is sold, for example, under the trade name "Firesorb" by Evonik (2010, approval number PL 1-98).

Particularly preferably, at least one safety device is designed as a flame-retardant and / or gas-tight and / or liquid-tight covering of the dangerous goods, and capable of shielding heat. Preferably, the envelope is formed so that a temperature of preferably 100 ° C, 150 ° C, 200 ° C inside a receiving device on dangerous goods is not exceeded. Preferably, the at least one safety device has a gas suction device, which may have a fan, for example. The gas suction device preferably has a filter device, for example an activated carbon filter system, which, for example, can aspirate and preferably filter a gas (mixture) produced in the interior of a receiving device in order to reduce, modify or prevent the gas leakage into the surroundings of the receiving device. The filter system may be a catalytically and / or mechanically acting filter system. The safety device can furthermore have a filter device independently of the gas suction device. Preferably, at least one safety device has a sensor system, which in particular has atmospheric pressure, and / or mechanical pressure and / or the temperature and / or humidity and / or air composition inside and / or outside the transport device and / or inside and / or outside the receiving device / s and / or inside and / or outside the dangerous goods. The sensor system can have at least one temperature sensor. The safety device, in particular the sensor, may have a control device, in particular a Computing device, for example, integrated circuits or a micro-controller may include.

The sensor system may be in operative relationship with the battery management system (BMS) of an electrochemical energy storage unit, for example, and preferably at least one further safety device, for example an extinguishing system, if defined values for parameters are exceeded or fallen below trigger.

In one embodiment, the sensor system can be in operative connection with at least one safety device, for example designed for fire prevention or fire fighting. In operative terms, this also means that the sensor system measures specific parameters, for example the temperature or state of charge of the battery, and, for example, causes the extinguishing agent to be released from a safety device for fire fighting when it exceeds or falls below certain predefined values. The sensor system may, however, also cause the driver of the vehicle to be displayed, for example by a warning lamp, which is located in the driver's cab, or by an acoustic signal that certain parameter values have been exceeded or fallen below, so that the driver can take appropriate measures , such as the triggering of a configured as extinguishing system safety device.

Advantageously, the sensors are in contact with a control which belongs to the sensor system, which compares the values measured by the sensor for parameters such as pressure or temperature with predefined values of parameters, and if the previously defined values are exceeded or fallen short of safety devices, such as an extinguishing system triggers. Preferably, the measured by the sensor Values for parameters such as pressure or temperature are reported to the driver, so that the latter can trigger safety devices if the previously defined values are exceeded or fallen short of. Preferably, the transport device has a control device. This may include electrical circuits, a microcontroller, data and voltage supply elements. Furthermore, this can be connected to sensors, which are optional components of the transport device, in particular the receiving device or safety device. This allows active control and monitoring of the transport device.

Preferably, the transport device has a cooling or temperature device, which can be monitored in particular by this control device. As a result, the formation of a critical temperature in the interior of the transport device or the receiving device can be counteracted.

Preferably, the transport device comprises means for monitoring the state of charge of electrochemical energy storage elements, e.g. Cells, batteries, secondary batteries. These means are designed in particular for monitoring the charging and / or discharging of these energy storage devices. Thereby, for example, it is possible to make energy storage devices arranged in the transport device, e.g. during transport or storage are monitored in their condition, in particular a loading and / or unloading during transport or storage are monitored.

Preferably, the transport device or receiving device has electrical connections to connect electrochemical energy storage units. Thus, a transport device is obtained, which is particularly safe and compact, in particular for the transport of dangerous goods, such as electrochemical energy storage units. Advantageously, in one embodiment, a pallet, preferably a Euro pallet as a base plate part of the transport device. Advantageously, in one embodiment, a Aufsetzrahmen from, for example, wood, sheet metal, steel, or plastic as a delimitation to the environment part of the transport device. Advantageously, in one embodiment, a receiving device consisting of aluminum composite film and PU foam pad is used, which encloses the dangerous goods. Advantageously, in one embodiment, a safety device, in particular a container with extinguishing agent placed on a first transport device, the safety device at a minimum temperature and / or minimum pressure releases the extinguishing agent, preferably causes a rapidly decomposing capsule at a minimum temperature and / or minimum pressure, the release of the Delete means.

The inventive method for assembling the receiving device according to the invention has the following, each optional, steps:

In a first step, all components of a receiving device are provided. In a further step, the provided components of the receiving device are assembled. In a further step, all components of a safety device are provided. In a further step, all components of the safety device are joined together. Alternatively, already assembled safety devices (such as fire extinguishers) or recording devices (such as boxes) can be used. In a further step, the security device can be arranged on or in the receiving device and vice versa, whereby one obtains a transport device according to the invention. Alternatively, several recording devices with at least one Safety device can be arranged to obtain a transport device according to the invention.

Preferably, the transport device according to the invention can be used in particular for transporting new, novel, newly developed or ready-to-sell packages containing dangerous goods or dangerous goods, in particular for transporting new, novel, newly developed or ready-to-sell electrochemical energy storage units. Preferably, the transport device according to the invention can be used in particular for the transport of damaged, defective or leaking packages of dangerous goods or dangerous goods, in particular for the transport of damaged, defective or leaking electrochemical energy storage units.

Features of the method and the device according to the invention can be combined to form the respective subject of the invention. To describe the invention, the following terms are defined in particular:

A "recovery package" means a packaging device used to transport damaged, defective or leaking dangerous goods that have been spilled or leaked for transportation for recovery or disposal.

"Dangerous goods" are also referred to as dangerous goods or dangerous goods, dangerous goods, which are substances, objects, products, devices, components, solutions, mixtures, preparations or mixtures containing substances which, by virtue of their chemical composition and / or physical properties and / or chemical and / or physical conditions and / or their nature during transport risks for important common goods, for health and life of humans, animals, environment, nature and other things, as well as for the general public, public safety or order, can emanate, such as electrochemical energy storage devices (eg lithium-ion cells) The dangerous goods may already be surrounded by a first enclosure, for example.

"Transport" is the transport of goods of any kind to water, land or air.The term "transport" in the context of this invention includes in particular the transporting, storage, recovery, packing, shipping, etc. of dangerous goods.

"Chemical substances" include compounds, substances, solutions, mixtures, mixtures and / or preparations, in solid, liquid or gaseous state.

The "outer wrapper" is the outer wrapper of a combination wrapper or composite wrapper, including any devices required and / or suitable to enclose and / or protect inner tubes or inner wrappers.

A first part is in "operative relationship" with a second part if the state of the second part also changes and / or vice versa by changing the state of the first part If, for example, a sensor measures an increase in temperature, but only reports the increase in temperature, for example to the driver, and only then triggers the extinguishing system, then the extinguishing system and the sensor are not in any active relationship. An "electrochemical energy storage device" is to be understood as meaning a device which also comprises at least one galvanic cell, and the device also comprises further devices which serve to operate the at least one galvanic cell, wherein the at least one galvanic cell and the supplementary devices can be integrated in one The term galvanic cell also encompasses electrical energy stores of all types, in particular electrochemical energy stores, ie especially primary cells and secondary cells, but also other electrical energy stores such as capacitors ,

A "slab" is a substantially parallelepipedic body whose preferred spread in preferably vertical direction (height) is less than the two-dimensional, preferably horizontal spread (length and / or width) Preferably, the slab is stable, for example, it will also be under weight loading Gravity direction not deformed For example, the Euro pallet is defined as a plate The "circumference" is defined by the sum of all lines that span a common plane Preferably, the circumference means the circumference of a substantially parallelepipedic body, through its two-dimensional, preferably horizontal, spread called length and width, defined. "Adsorption" describes a process in which substances at the phase boundary (for example, a surface) are enriched between two phases.

"Absorption" describes a process in which substances are absorbed into the absorbent phase. Further advantages, features and possible applications of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the figures. 1 shows schematically a first exemplary embodiment of a transport device according to the invention assembled and ready for use with a fire extinguishing device according to the invention; schematically the structure of another embodiment of a transport device according to the invention and also an embodiment of the method according to the invention for their assembly; the cross section of an embodiment of a transport device according to the invention with drip pan and gas extraction; and

4 shows the cross section of a further embodiment according to the invention of a transport device according to the invention with four smaller receiving devices and built-in sensors.

1 shows a transport device 100 according to the invention consisting of a receiving device, which consists of a bottom plate 110, a frame 120 and a cover 130. In the lid 130 is a safety device, preferably configured as Päd, which extinguishing agent 132 and predetermined breaking points (not shown), and another safety device 134, for example, a decomposable capsule, which causes, for example, in temperature or pressure increase that the extinguishing agent 132 in the interior of the transport device 100 is released. This can be caused for example by an increase in pressure within the pad, whereby, for example, one or more predetermined breaking points open, and the extinguishing agent 132 is released into the interior of the transport device 100, preferably by spraying. Frame 120, cover 130 and bottom plate 1 10 of the receiving device are connected to each other, preferably so that no gas or liquid exchange from the transport device 100 into the environment and vice versa can take place.

Fig. 2 shows a method for assembling a transport device according to the invention, e.g. may also affect the transport device 100.

A first step involves providing the receptacle comprising a frame 120, a lid 130, and the bottom plate 110 formed by a europallet. In a second step, the frame 120 is placed on the bottom plate 1 10 and connected to the bottom plate.

A third, separate step comprises the introduction of the dangerous goods 150 into a container 140, which may have an envelope 144 in which filling material 142 is located, which may also be designed as a safety device which encloses the dangerous goods 150. For example, the enclosure 144 may be formed from aluminum composite foil, preferably so that neither gases nor liquids from the enclosure 144 can enter the environment, nor vice versa. The filling material 142 can be formed, for example, from rapidly hardening foam, for example PU foam.

Dangerous goods 150 can be introduced before filling container 140 with filling material 142 or else afterwards. The dangerous goods 150 are preferably introduced inside the container 140 in such a way that the filling material 142 uniformly encloses the dangerous goods 150 in all spatial directions. In a fourth step, the dangerous goods 150, casing 144 and filling material 142 having container 140 is introduced into the base plate 1 10 and frame 120 having receiving device. Preferably, the volume of the container 140 is selected so that it corresponds to the internal volume of the receptacle formed from the frame 120 and the base plate 110. The upper limit corresponds to the height of the frame 120. The lateral dimensions of the container 140 are selected so that the lateral dimensions of the Euro pallet 110 are not exceeded. Occurring gaps between frame 120, base plate 1 10 and container 140 can be filled with filler material, such as PU foam, polystyrene or paper, so that the mobility of the container 140 is limited within the receiving device 110, 120, preferably not present. In a fifth step, a closure device, namely a lid 130, placed on the container 140 filled with the receiving device, and firmly connected to the receiving device, more specifically to the frame 120, preferably so that no liquid and gas exchange between the environment and finished transport device 100 can take place. Preferably, the lid 130 is flush with the container 140. Occurring gaps between lid 130 and container 140 can be filled with filling material such as PU foam, polystyrene or paper, so that a flush closing between the lid 130 and container 140 is possible. The cover 130 includes a safety device with extinguishing agent 132 and a further safety device 134, for example a decomposable capsule, which causes the release of the extinguishing agent 132 into the interior of the transport device 100, preferably by spraying, when the temperature or pressure rises.

The lid 130 is assembled in a separate step. For example, a louvered lid 130 may be provided become. In this cavity, for example, a container which is filled with extinguishing agent 132 and is under pressure and may contain a predetermined breaking point, introduced. The activation device 134 may be located at the predetermined breaking point of the container filled with extinguishing agent 132, for example a decomposable capsule which, for example, causes a break in the predetermined breaking point when the temperature or pressure rises. If, for example, the container filled with extinguishing agent 132 is under pressure, the extinguishing agent can be released by spraying, which is preferred according to the invention. This results in a safe, simple and compact transport device 100 for transporting and storing dangerous goods 150.

FIG. 3 shows the cross-section of a transport device 102 according to the invention, which contains a collecting trough 170 for liquids emerging from the container 140. The drip pan 170 is arranged on a base plate 160. The length and width dimensions of the sump 170 are greater than the length and width dimensions of the base 160. Spacers 172 space the bottom of the sump 170 from the underside of the bottom of the container 140 as the dangerous goods receptacle 150.

The container 140 consists of a preferably stable enclosure 144. The enclosure 144 encloses a volume. The dangerous goods 150 can be introduced into this volume. Preferably, the volume of the dangerous goods 150 and the volume defined by the inner wall of the enclosure 144 are selected so that when the dangerous goods 150 are introduced into the enclosure 144, free space remains, which can be filled with filling material 142. The filling material 142 preferably encloses the dangerous goods 150 in such a way that the mobility of the dangerous goods 150 within the container 140 is limited, preferably not present. The dangerous goods 150 are preferably introduced within the enclosure 144 in such a way that the filling material 142 uniformly encloses the dangerous goods 150 in all spatial directions. Gases leaving the dangerous goods 150 can be sucked off by a gas suction device 180, preferably with an activated carbon filter system, and / or preferably rendered harmless.

4 shows the cross-section of a transport device 104, which comprises an outer casing 190, one or more containers 140 serving as a device for dangerous goods 150, an extinguishing agent 132, a control device 138 for activating or triggering the extinguishing agent 132 and a plurality of sensors 135, 136, which are in contact with the control device 138 exists.

The containers 140 each consist of a casing 144, which preferably allows a stacking of a plurality of containers 140. The enclosure 144 each encompasses a volume into which the dangerous goods 150 and the filling material 142 can be introduced. Preferably, the filling material 142 surrounds the dangerous goods 150 such that the mobility of the dangerous goods 150 within the container 140 is limited, preferably not present. The dangerous goods 150 are preferably introduced within the enclosure 144 in such a way that the filling material 142 substantially uniformly encloses the dangerous goods 150 in all spatial directions.

A sensor 135 is attached to the dangerous goods 150 in a container 140. This sensor 135 may also extend into the dangerous goods. For example, if the dangerous good 135 is an electrochemical energy storage device, the sensor 135 may be in communication with the BMS (battery management system) of the electrochemical energy storage device 150. For example, the sensor 135 may measure parameters such as pressure, temperature, air composition, and pass the data to the controller 138. Preferably, further sensors 136 are within and outside the outer shell 190 of the transport device 104, for example, to measure parameters such as pressure, temperature, air composition, and to forward the data to the controller 138. By way of example, this control device 138 can compare the values of parameters obtained from the sensors 135, 136 with previously determined values of parameters, and activate the extinguishing agent 132 or release it to the interior of the transport device 104 when predetermined threshold values are exceeded or undershot. The control device 138 preferably reports the parameter values obtained to the driver, who can also initiate the release of the extinguishing agent 132 from the extinguishing device.

REFERENCE NUMBER

100, 102, 104 transport device

110, 160 base plate, bottom plate

120 frames

130 locking device, cover

132 extinguishing agent

134 activation device

135, 136 sensors

138 control device

140 container

142 filling material

144 serving

150 dangerous goods

170 drip tray

172 Beaconing device (s)

180 gas extraction device

190 outer sheath

Claims

claims

Transport device (100, 102, 104) for dangerous goods, in particular for at least one electrochemical energy storage device, with at least one receiving device (110, 120, 130, 140, 160) for at least partially receiving the dangerous goods (150); and

at least one safety device (132, 134, 135, 136, 138, 142, 170, 180) against a dangerous situation by the recorded dangerous goods (150).

Transport device according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one safety device has at least one means (142) for chemical adsorption and / or physical adsorption and / or chemical absorption and / or physical absorption of liquid and / or gaseous and / or solid substances.

Transport device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized

in that the at least one safety device has at least one device (132, 134, 135, 136, 138, 142) for

Fire prevention and / or firefighting has.

Transport device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one

Safety device having a Gasabsaugvorrichtung (180), preferably having a filter system comprises.

5. Transport device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one

Safety device has at least one collecting trough (170). Transport device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one

Safety device comprises a sensor (135, 136) which measures parameters such as temperature or pressure, and the safety device is adapted to automatically trigger a safety operation depending on the measured parameter.

Safety device has an extinguishing agent (132, 142).

Transport device according to claim 7, characterized in that the at least one safety device has a ped, in the interior of which an extinguishing agent (132) is accommodated.

Transport device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receiving device at least one base plate (110, 160) which is formed substantially as Euro pallet, and at least one container (140) for receiving the dangerous goods (150), in particular the length and

Width outside dimensions of a Euro pallet is substantially equal to or smaller.

Transport device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receiving device has at least one container (140) for receiving the dangerous goods (150), wherein this container is at least partially filled with a filling material (142).

Transport device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one Safety device in operative relation to a

Battery management system of a secondary battery, which is received by the receiving device stands.

Method for producing a transport device (100, 102, 104) according to one of Claims 1 to 11, comprising at least the following steps, in any order:

Providing at least one receiving device (1 10, 120, 130, 140, 160) for at least partially receiving the dangerous goods (150), which may have a sheath (144, 190); and

Arranging at least one safety device (132, 134, 136, 138, 142, 170, 180) against a dangerous situation by the recorded dangerous goods (150) on or in this receiving device.

Use of the transport device according to one of claims 1 to 11 for transporting or storing lithium-based electrochemical energy storage devices or their components, in particular for recovering defective electrochemical energy storage devices.