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EP1987290A1 - Avalanche triggering system - Google Patents

Avalanche triggering system

Info

Publication number
EP1987290A1
EP1987290A1 EP07731022A EP07731022A EP1987290A1 EP 1987290 A1 EP1987290 A1 EP 1987290A1 EP 07731022 A EP07731022 A EP 07731022A EP 07731022 A EP07731022 A EP 07731022A EP 1987290 A1 EP1987290 A1 EP 1987290A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
balloon
avalanche
explosive mixture
injection nozzle
inflation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07731022A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1987290B1 (en
Inventor
Werner Greipl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technologie Alpine de Securite - TAS
Technologie Alpine de Securite TAS SA
Original Assignee
Technologie Alpine de Securite - TAS
Technologie Alpine de Securite TAS SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Technologie Alpine de Securite - TAS, Technologie Alpine de Securite TAS SA filed Critical Technologie Alpine de Securite - TAS
Publication of EP1987290A1 publication Critical patent/EP1987290A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1987290B1 publication Critical patent/EP1987290B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an avalanche triggering device for the protection of sites such as roads, ski slopes or agglomerations, particularly after heavy snowfall.
  • sites such as roads, ski slopes or agglomerations, particularly after heavy snowfall.
  • a first technique consists of having an explosive charge deposited by an operator on the slope where the avalanche is to be caused.
  • the emplacement of the explosive in the slope can be carried out according to two methods, namely the launching and sliding of loads.
  • the charging of the charge it is conventionally carried out using slow wick or electric.
  • a remote triggering device is known as CATEX. It is a carrier cable for bringing an explosive to a predetermined firing area and accessible by the carrier cable.
  • GAZEX Another device is known as GAZEX. This is described in document FR 2,636,729. It comprises a closed-bottomed barrel having a front mouth open towards the snowpack. he further comprises a combustion gas supplying circuit and a fuel gas supplying circuit, the two gases coming from two separate sources. Nozzles for filling the barrel with these gases are arranged on various zones of the barrel and an ignition device is mounted at the rear of the latter.
  • the explosive gas mixture consisting for example of propane and oxygen, is formed in the barrel, the explosion being caused by the ignition device.
  • This device although having proved effective, must be mounted in a fixed manner in the risk zone. It is therefore not transportable easily, which requires the mounting of a device on each firing zone.
  • US Pat. No. 4,873,928 describes a device for generating a shock wave by exploding an explosive gas contained in a balloon.
  • the device comprises an expandable balloon, a device for filling the balloon with an explosive mixture of oxygen and hydrogen, and an ignition device for triggering the explosion.
  • the document EP 1 031 008 describes a similar device in which the balloon is simply fixed on a support, the tip turned downwards, so that during inflation, the balloon is directed upwards.
  • the shock wave generated by the explosion of the balloon is transmitted in a small part to the snowpack because of the orientation of the explosion.
  • LoCAT are used in the United States.
  • the invention therefore aims to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a transportable avalanche triggering device whose explosion is mainly directed towards the snowpack, requiring neither the transport nor the storage of explosive, and whose use is in conformity with the different national legislations.
  • the invention relates to a triggering device.
  • avalanche device comprising a chassis equipped with attachment means for transporting the device, in particular by a helicopter using a rope, the chassis comprising, at the top, a storage area of at least one fuel tank; gas intended to form an explosive mixture and, in the lower part, a device for supporting a plurality of elastic balloons each having an inflation nozzle turned towards the upper part, the body of each balloon extending in the opposite direction, the balloons being offset relative to one another, means for feeding the explosive mixture facing the inflation nozzle of a balloon, an injection nozzle, means for igniting the explosive mixture, means being provided to successively bring the injection nozzle and the ignition means facing the inflation tip of each balloon.
  • the device can therefore be transported to different firing zones above the snowpack, in order to provoke an avalanche by exploding a balloon situated at the bottom of the device. The explosion is thus directed mostly towards the snowpack.
  • this device being equipped with several balloons, it is possible to perform a series of explosions, which allows either to guarantee the triggering of an avalanche since several successive shots are sometimes necessary, or to be able to trigger several avalanches in different areas, without having to recharge the device.
  • the balloon support device is mounted movably on the frame to successively bring the inflation nozzle of each balloon facing the injection nozzle and ignition means.
  • the injection nozzle and the ignition means are movably mounted on the frame to come successively opposite the inflation nozzle of each balloon.
  • the balloon support device is formed by a cylinder pivotally mounted on the frame.
  • the chassis is equipped at its lower end with a cage open downwards for guiding and protecting the balloon during its inflation.
  • the cage makes it possible to prevent the balloon from bursting by collision with the rest of the device when the balloon is set in motion by the device swing or because of the force exerted by the wind on the balloon.
  • the guiding and protective cage is covered over at least part of its height and from its upper end, a frustoconical skirt.
  • the device comprises a camera for monitoring the avalanche and / or the balloon.
  • the operator can monitor the inflation and explosion of the balloon as well as the condition and movement of the snowpack.
  • the means for feeding the explosive mixture comprise reservoirs of the various gaseous components intended to form the explosive mixture, for example oxygen, hydrogen and / or propane, and a mixer intended to form the explosive mixture from gaseous components.
  • the gases used to make the explosive mixture are of low cost and require neither special storage and transport precautions, nor specific preparation.
  • the balloons are latex balloons. They can also be formed by other elastic materials.
  • the ignition means are means for producing a flame or a spark.
  • the ignition means are integrated with the injection nozzle, so as to simplify the kinematics and the embodiment of the device.
  • the injection nozzle is displaceable in translation between an inflation position in which the injection nozzle is connected to the tip of a balloon, and a withdrawal position in which the injection nozzle is disconnected from the nozzle. tip.
  • the balls are regularly distributed with an offset of an angle ⁇ of a balloon relative to the other, the cylinder being actuatable step by step in rotation by a multiple of the angle ⁇ .
  • the rotation step by step of the barrel makes it possible to make a quick and simple change of balloon.
  • the balloon support device, the explosive mixture feed means, the injection nozzle and the ignition means of the explosive mixture can be remotely actuated by control means.
  • an operator located at a distance from the device for example placed inside the helicopter carrying it, can control the inflation and the explosion of a balloon as well as the recharging of the device.
  • Figure 1 is an overview of a helicopter carrying the device
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of the device in a first state in which the balloon is not inflated
  • Figure 3 is a view corresponding to Figure 2 showing a second state of the device in which the balloon is inflated;
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged front view of a portion of the device having a first step of disposing a first balloon
  • Figure 5 is a view corresponding to Figure 4 and having a second step of inflation and ignition of the first balloon;
  • FIG. 6 is a view corresponding to Figures 4 and 5 and having a third step of disposing a second balloon;
  • FIG. 1 shows an avalanche triggering device 1 connected to a helicopter 2 by a rope 3 of length between 30 and 45 meters. The device is brought to the top of the snowpack at the firing zone.
  • this device 1 comprises a longitudinal chassis 4 of substantially cylindrical shape and equipped with attachment means 5 at a first end facing the helicopter 2.
  • the clipping means are formed by a loop for receiving a hook or a carabiner disposed at one end of the rope 3.
  • This frame comprises, in the upper part, a storage area 6 of bottles 7 forming reservoirs of oxygen and hydrogen or propane.
  • the bottles are preferably regularly distributed around the longitudinal axis XX of the frame 4 so as to balance the forces due to the weight of each bottle 7.
  • the frame 4 comprises a cylinder 8 mounted pivotally about a YY axis parallel to the longitudinal axis XX of the frame 4 and offset laterally thereto.
  • the barrel 8 comprises a plurality of enclosures 10 open at their two ends and in which are arranged the balloons 9 in the deflated state. The latter comprise inflation tips, the opening of the tips being directed upwards and coinciding with the upper opening 11 of the speakers 10 of the barrel 8.
  • the balloons 9 used are latex balloons and are clamped on the speakers 10, at their upper opening 11, so as to make a tight connection.
  • Barrel 8 thus forms the support of a plurality of balloons 9 whose inflation tip is turned towards the upper part and whose body is turned on the opposite side so as to extend downwards during inflation.
  • the chassis 4 also comprises means for feeding an explosive mixture opposite the inflation nozzle of the corresponding balloon, an injection nozzle 12 for the explosive mixture and means for igniting the mixture (not shown).
  • the means for feeding the explosive mixture are formed by the oxygen or air bottles, the hydrogen or propane bottles and by a plurality of pipes 13 connecting each bottle to a mixer 14, the latter making it possible to carry out the explosive mixture.
  • the mixture is then brought to the injection nozzle 12 which, as shown in Figures 6 to 8, performs the inflation of the balloon with the explosive mixture.
  • the ignition means of the explosive mixture can initiate the explosion phenomenon. They can be formed by means of producing a flame or a spark.
  • the frame 4 further comprises a guide and protection cage 15 of the balloon 9 at its end facing downwards, that is to say turned towards the snowpack, once the device 1 in the position of use. .
  • the balloon 9 is guided during its inflation by the cage 15 of generally hemispherical shape and open downwards.
  • the cage 15 has a diameter corresponding to that of the balloon once inflated, that is to say approximately equal to 1.5 meters.
  • the cage makes it possible to ensure the protection thereof. Indeed, the rocking of the device 1 and the force exerted by the wind on the balloon 9 can cause a rocking of the latter and its bursting by collision with the device 1.
  • the guiding and protective cage 15 is covered over part of its height and from its upper end, a frustoconical skirt 16.
  • This skirt 16 guides the waves from the explosion to the snowpack. It thus avoids a lateral dissipation of the energy of the explosion and makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the device. It also protects the elements on the chassis.
  • a camera 17 monitoring the avalanche and the balloon is disposed at the lower end of the device 1 and laterally relative to the frame 4.
  • the camera 17 provides the operator with images of the balloon 9 to monitor its inflation and its explosion. It also allows the operator to visualize the snowpack, especially the area directly above the helicopter.
  • FIGS 4 to 6 detail the process of inflation and explosion of the balloons 9.
  • FIG. 4 represents a first step in which a first chamber 10 of the barrel 8 is arranged so that the corresponding upper opening 11, and therefore also the tip of the balloon 9, is arranged in the longitudinal axis of the nozzle injection 12, this axis corresponding to the longitudinal axis XX of the chassis 4.
  • the injection nozzle 12 is in the upper position during this first step.
  • the injection nozzle 12 is displaced in translation in the direction of the upper opening
  • the injection nozzle 12 is then mounted sealingly on the nozzle, so as to ensure the inflation of the balloon 9 with the explosive gas mixture.
  • the increase of the volume of the balloon pushes the latter to be partially extracted by the lower opening of the corresponding chamber 10, so as to be housed in the guide and protection cage 15.
  • the ignition means (not shown) are integrated with the injection nozzle 12, so that the ignition can be carried out directly after the inflation step of the balloon.
  • the ignition means causing the explosion of the balloon 9, shock waves from the explosion then affect the snowpack.
  • the injection nozzle 12 is removed from the upper opening 11 of the first chamber and the barrel 8 is actuated in rotation by an angle ⁇ corresponding to the angular offset of the balloons relative to each other.
  • the barrel is thus actuable in steps so as to arrange the upper opening of a second chamber, directly adjacent to the first, in the axis XX of displacement of the injection nozzle 12 and the ignition means, so that a second balloon contained in the second chamber can be inflated.
  • the barrel 8 may for example comprise 11 balls so as to be able to perform as many consecutive explosions without the need to recharge the device, the bottles 7 forming a gas tank being dimensioned so as to allow the inflation of all the balloons 9 of the barrel 8.
  • the avalanche triggering device further comprises control means (not shown) of the balloon support device, means for feeding the explosive mixture, the injection nozzle 12 and means for igniting the explosive mixture.
  • control means comprise a control box providing an interface for the operator, this box making it possible in particular to control the inflation and explosion operations, either separately or automatically, for example by means of an inflation timer.
  • They further comprise wireless connection means between the various actuators of the device and the control unit disposed inside the helicopter.
  • These means of Wireless links are for example formed by a radio transmitter and receiver.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiments of this system, described above by way of example, but it encompasses all variants.
  • the device for supporting the balloons could be in the form of a slide, the balloons being evenly distributed on the slide and spaced apart by a distance d, the slide being displaceable by not in translation by a distance d , so that the slide allows to successively bring the inflation nozzle of each balloon facing the injection nozzle and ignition means.
  • the ignition means can be separated from the injection nozzle, the explosive mixture can be of different composition, the barrel is not necessarily actuable step, the frustoconical skirt can also form the guiding and protective cage of the balloon or the support device is fixed relative to the chassis, the injection nozzle and the ignition means being adapted to successively bring the inflation tip of each balloon facing the injection nozzle and ignition means.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The device has a frame (4) fitted with an attachment unit for transporting the device by helicopter. The frame has a storage area for bottles containing an explosive mixture of gases e.g. oxygen or hydrogen. A cylinder holds balloons (9) which comprise inflation sleeves. A conveying unit is constituted of pipes (13), a mixer (14) and the bottles, and conveys the explosive mixture to the sleeves. The cylinder is mounted on the frame to successively bring the inflation sleeves to an injection nozzle (12) and to an explosive mixture ignition unit.

Description

Dispositif de déclenchement d'avalanche Avalanche triggering device
L'invention concerne un dispositif de déclenchement d'avalanche pour la protection de sites telles que des routes, des pistes de skis ou des agglomérations, en particulier après d'importantes chutes de neige. II existe un certain nombre de techniques pour déclencher volontairement les avalanches.The invention relates to an avalanche triggering device for the protection of sites such as roads, ski slopes or agglomerations, particularly after heavy snowfall. There are a number of techniques for voluntarily triggering avalanches.
Une première technique consiste à faire déposer une charge explosive par un opérateur dans la pente où l'on veut provoquer l'avalanche. La mise en place de l'explosif dans la pente peut être réalisée selon deux méthodes, à savoir le lancer et le glisser de charges. En ce qui concerne l'amorçage de la charge, celui-ci est classiquement réalisé à l'aide de mèche lente ou électrique.A first technique consists of having an explosive charge deposited by an operator on the slope where the avalanche is to be caused. The emplacement of the explosive in the slope can be carried out according to two methods, namely the launching and sliding of loads. As regards the charging of the charge, it is conventionally carried out using slow wick or electric.
Cette première technique présente un certain nombre de risques pour les artificiers. En effet, leurs interventions se font nécessairement lors de périodes de forte instabilité du manteau neigeux et dans des zones dangereuses. Ils sont alors exposés au risque d'avalanche, non seulement pendant la préparation et la réalisation du tir, mais également lors de leurs déplacements pour rejoindre et quitter le poste de tir, c'est-à-dire le lieu de la préparation du tir et de la mise à feu de la charge. Ces risques sont la cause principale d'accidents lors des opérations de déclenchement.This first technique presents a certain number of risks for the artificers. Indeed, their interventions are necessarily made during periods of high instability of the snowpack and in dangerous areas. They are then exposed to the risk of avalanche, not only during the preparation and the execution of the shot, but also during their movements to reach and leave the shooting range, that is to say the place of the preparation of the shot and firing the load. These risks are the main cause of accidents during trip operations.
Des techniques de déclenchement à distance ont été mises en place afin d'éviter aux artificiers de se déplacer et de stationner en altitude, dans des zones dangereuses. L'objectif est d'éloigner le poste de tir du point de tir, c'est-à-dire de l'emplacement de la charge au moment de son explosion. Un dispositif de déclenchement à distance est connu sous le nom de CATEX. Il s'agit d'un câble transporteur permettant d'amener un explosif à une zone de tir prédéterminée et accessible par le câble transporteur.Remote triggering techniques have been put in place to prevent firefighters from moving and parking at altitude in dangerous areas. The objective is to move the firing point away from the firing point, that is to say from the location of the firing at the moment of its explosion. A remote triggering device is known as CATEX. It is a carrier cable for bringing an explosive to a predetermined firing area and accessible by the carrier cable.
Une telle solution, bien que permettant de limiter les risques pour l'opérateur, ne permet de déclencher des avalanches que dans des zones desservies par le câble. En outre, une telle solution technologique implique le transport et le stockage d'explosifs, ce qui nécessite de répondre à des critères de sécurité contraignants. Enfin, l'installation d'un câble transporteur de longue distance reste très onéreuse.Such a solution, while limiting the risks for the operator, allows to trigger avalanches only in areas served by the cable. In addition, such a technological solution involves the transport and storage of explosives, which requires meeting strict security criteria. Finally, the installation of a long-distance carrier cable remains very expensive.
Un autre dispositif est connu sous le nom de GAZEX. Celui-ci est décrit dans le document FR 2 636 729. Il comprend un canon à fond fermé ayant une bouche frontale ouverte en direction du manteau neigeux. Il comprend en outre un circuit d'amenée d'un gaz comburant et un circuit d'amenée d'un gaz carburant, les deux gaz provenant de deux sources distinctes. Des buses de remplissage du canon par ces gaz sont disposées sur diverses zones du canon et un dispositif d'allumage est monté à l'arrière de celui-ci. Le mélange gazeux explosif, composé par exemple de propane et d'oxygène, est formé dans le canon, l'explosion étant provoquée par le dispositif d'allumage.Another device is known as GAZEX. This is described in document FR 2,636,729. It comprises a closed-bottomed barrel having a front mouth open towards the snowpack. he further comprises a combustion gas supplying circuit and a fuel gas supplying circuit, the two gases coming from two separate sources. Nozzles for filling the barrel with these gases are arranged on various zones of the barrel and an ignition device is mounted at the rear of the latter. The explosive gas mixture, consisting for example of propane and oxygen, is formed in the barrel, the explosion being caused by the ignition device.
Ce dispositif, bien qu'ayant fait preuve d'efficacité, doit être monté de manière fixe dans la zone à risque. Il n'est par conséquent pas transportable facilement, ce qui nécessite le montage d'un dispositif sur chaque zone de tir.This device, although having proved effective, must be mounted in a fixed manner in the risk zone. It is therefore not transportable easily, which requires the mounting of a device on each firing zone.
Le brevet US 4 873 928 décrit un dispositif pour générer une onde de choc par explosion d'un gaz explosif contenu dans un ballon. Le dispositif comprend un ballon expansible, un dispositif de remplissage du ballon par un mélange explosif d'oxygène et d'hydrogène, et un dispositif d'allumage destiné à déclencher l'explosion.US Pat. No. 4,873,928 describes a device for generating a shock wave by exploding an explosive gas contained in a balloon. The device comprises an expandable balloon, a device for filling the balloon with an explosive mixture of oxygen and hydrogen, and an ignition device for triggering the explosion.
Le document EP 1 031 008 décrit un dispositif similaire dans lequel le ballon est simplement fixé sur un support, l'embout tourné vers le bas, de sorte que lors du gonflage, le ballon est dirigé vers le haut. L'onde de choc générée par l'explosion du ballon est transmise en faible partie au manteau neigeux du fait de l'orientation de l'explosion.The document EP 1 031 008 describes a similar device in which the balloon is simply fixed on a support, the tip turned downwards, so that during inflation, the balloon is directed upwards. The shock wave generated by the explosion of the balloon is transmitted in a small part to the snowpack because of the orientation of the explosion.
Un tel dispositif ne présente donc pas un résultat satisfaisant. En effet, le ballon étant fixé sur un support et tourné vers le haut, l'explosion est dirigée en majeure partie vers le haut et latéralement, le support présentant un obstacle au déplacement de l'onde entre le ballon et le manteau neigeux. De la même manière que précédemment, ce dispositif de déclenchement à distance n'est pas transportable.Such a device does not present a satisfactory result. Indeed, the balloon being fixed on a support and turned upwards, the explosion is directed for the most part upwards and laterally, the support having an obstacle to the movement of the wave between the balloon and the snowpack. In the same way as above, this remote triggering device is not transportable.
D'autres techniques de déclenchement à distance utilisent des armes militaires. C'est ainsi que le lance-roquette ou le lance-mine est utilisé, essentiellement en Suisse, ou que le canon anti-recul ou la lanceur d'obusOther remote triggering techniques use military weapons. This is how the rocket launcher or the thrower is used, mainly in Switzerland, or that the anti-recoil gun or the shells launcher
LoCAT sont utilisés aux Etats-Unis.LoCAT are used in the United States.
Cependant, certaines législations et en particulier la législation française, interdisent le stockage de charges amorcées, rendant impossible l'utilisation de tels dispositifs. L'invention vise donc à remédier à ces inconvénients en proposant un dispositif de déclenchement d'avalanche transportable dont l'explosion est principalement dirigée vers le manteau neigeux, ne nécessitant ni le transport, ni le stockage d'explosif, et dont l'utilisation est conforme aux différentes législations nationales.However, some legislations, and in particular French legislation, prohibit the storage of charged charges, making the use of such devices impossible. The invention therefore aims to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a transportable avalanche triggering device whose explosion is mainly directed towards the snowpack, requiring neither the transport nor the storage of explosive, and whose use is in conformity with the different national legislations.
A cet effet, l'invention concerne un dispositif de déclenchement. d'avalanche comprenant un châssis équipé de moyens d'accrochage destinés au transport du dispositif, notamment par un hélicoptère à l'aide d'un filin, le châssis comportant, en partie haute, une zone de stockage d'au moins un réservoir de gaz destiné à former un mélange explosif et, en partie basse, un dispositif de support d'une pluralité de ballons élastique présentant chacun un embout de gonflage tourné vers la partie haute, le corps de chaque ballon s'étendant dans la direction opposée, les ballons étant décalés les uns par rapport aux autres, des moyens d'amenée du mélange explosif en regard de l'embout de gonflage d'un ballon, une buse d'injection, des moyens d'allumage du mélange explosif, des moyens étant prévus pour amener successivement la buse d'injection et les moyens d'allumage en regard de l'embout de gonflage de chaque ballon.For this purpose, the invention relates to a triggering device. avalanche device comprising a chassis equipped with attachment means for transporting the device, in particular by a helicopter using a rope, the chassis comprising, at the top, a storage area of at least one fuel tank; gas intended to form an explosive mixture and, in the lower part, a device for supporting a plurality of elastic balloons each having an inflation nozzle turned towards the upper part, the body of each balloon extending in the opposite direction, the balloons being offset relative to one another, means for feeding the explosive mixture facing the inflation nozzle of a balloon, an injection nozzle, means for igniting the explosive mixture, means being provided to successively bring the injection nozzle and the ignition means facing the inflation tip of each balloon.
Le dispositif peut donc être transporté sur différentes zones de tir au-dessus du manteau neigeux, afin de provoquer une avalanche par explosion d'un ballon situé en partie basse du dispositif. L'explosion est ainsi dirigée en majeure partie vers le manteau neigeux.The device can therefore be transported to different firing zones above the snowpack, in order to provoke an avalanche by exploding a balloon situated at the bottom of the device. The explosion is thus directed mostly towards the snowpack.
En outre, ce dispositif étant équipé de plusieurs ballons, il est possible de réaliser une série d'explosions, ce qui permet, soit de garantir le déclenchement d'une avalanche puisque plusieurs tirs successifs sont parfois nécessaires, soit de pouvoir déclencher plusieurs avalanches dans des zones différentes, sans avoir à recharger le dispositif.In addition, this device being equipped with several balloons, it is possible to perform a series of explosions, which allows either to guarantee the triggering of an avalanche since several successive shots are sometimes necessary, or to be able to trigger several avalanches in different areas, without having to recharge the device.
Selon une première variante de réalisation de l'invention, le dispositif de support de ballons est monté déplaçable sur le châssis pour amener successivement l'embout de gonflage de chaque ballon en regard de la buse d'injection et des moyens d'allumage.According to a first embodiment of the invention, the balloon support device is mounted movably on the frame to successively bring the inflation nozzle of each balloon facing the injection nozzle and ignition means.
Selon une seconde variante de réalisation de l'invention, la buse d'injection et les moyens d'allumage sont montés déplaçable sur le châssis pour venir successivement en regard de l'embout de gonflage de chaque ballon. Selon une caractéristique relative à la première variante de réalisation, le dispositif de support de ballons est formé par un barillet monté de manière pivotante sur le châssis.According to a second embodiment of the invention, the injection nozzle and the ignition means are movably mounted on the frame to come successively opposite the inflation nozzle of each balloon. According to a feature relating to the first embodiment, the balloon support device is formed by a cylinder pivotally mounted on the frame.
La simple rotation du barillet permet ainsi de changer le positionnement des ballons et donc de réarmer le dispositif afin de pouvoir effectuer une nouvelle explosion.The simple rotation of the barrel and allows to change the positioning of the balloons and thus rearm the device to be able to perform a new explosion.
Avantageusement, le châssis est équipé, à son extrémité inférieure, d'une cage ouverte vers le bas servant au guidage et à la protection du ballon lors de son gonflage. La cage permet d'éviter l'éclatement du ballon par collision avec le reste du dispositif lorsque le ballon est mis en mouvement par le balancement de dispositif ou du fait de l'effort exercé par le vent sur le ballon.Advantageously, the chassis is equipped at its lower end with a cage open downwards for guiding and protecting the balloon during its inflation. The cage makes it possible to prevent the balloon from bursting by collision with the rest of the device when the balloon is set in motion by the device swing or because of the force exerted by the wind on the balloon.
Préférentiellement, la cage de guidage et de protection est recouverte sur une partie au moins de sa hauteur et à partir de son extrémité supérieure, d'une jupe tronconique.Preferably, the guiding and protective cage is covered over at least part of its height and from its upper end, a frustoconical skirt.
La jupe permet de guider l'onde issue de l'explosion vers le bas, de façon à améliorer le transfert de l'énergie issue de l'explosion vers le manteau neigeux. Elle participe en outre à la protection des différents éléments équipant le châssis. Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, le dispositif comporte une caméra de surveillance de l'avalanche et/ou du ballon.The skirt helps guide the wave from the explosion down, so as to improve the transfer of energy from the explosion to the snowpack. It also participates in the protection of the various elements fitted to the chassis. According to one characteristic of the invention, the device comprises a camera for monitoring the avalanche and / or the balloon.
Ainsi, l'opérateur peut surveiller en tant réel le gonflage et l'explosion du ballon ainsi que l'état et le mouvement du manteau neigeux.Thus, the operator can monitor the inflation and explosion of the balloon as well as the condition and movement of the snowpack.
Avantageusement, les moyens d'amenée du mélange explosif comportent des réservoirs des différents composants gazeux destinés à former le mélange explosif, par exemple d'oxygène, d'hydrogène et/ou de propane, et un mélangeur destiné à former le mélange explosif à partir des composants gazeux.Advantageously, the means for feeding the explosive mixture comprise reservoirs of the various gaseous components intended to form the explosive mixture, for example oxygen, hydrogen and / or propane, and a mixer intended to form the explosive mixture from gaseous components.
Les gaz utilisés pour réaliser le mélange explosif sont d'un coût faible et ne nécessitent, ni précaution particulière de stockage et de transport, ni préparation spécifique.The gases used to make the explosive mixture are of low cost and require neither special storage and transport precautions, nor specific preparation.
Préférentiellement, les ballons sont des ballons en latex. Ils peuvent être également formés par d'autres matériaux élastiques.Preferably, the balloons are latex balloons. They can also be formed by other elastic materials.
Selon une caractéristique supplémentaire de l'invention, les moyens d'allumage sont des moyens de production d'une flamme ou d'une étincelle. Avantageusement, les moyens d'allumage sont intégrés à la buse d'injection, de manière à simplifier la cinématique et la réalisation du dispositif.According to a further feature of the invention, the ignition means are means for producing a flame or a spark. Advantageously, the ignition means are integrated with the injection nozzle, so as to simplify the kinematics and the embodiment of the device.
Préférentiellement, la buse d'injection est déplaçable en translation entre une position de gonflage dans laquelle la buse d'injection est connectée à l'embout d'un ballon, et une position de retrait dans laquelle la buse d'injection est déconnectée de l'embout.Preferably, the injection nozzle is displaceable in translation between an inflation position in which the injection nozzle is connected to the tip of a balloon, and a withdrawal position in which the injection nozzle is disconnected from the nozzle. tip.
Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, les ballons sont régulièrement répartis avec un décalage d'un angle α d'un ballon par rapport à l'autre, le barillet étant actionnable pas par pas en rotation d'un multiple de l'angle α.According to one characteristic of the invention, the balls are regularly distributed with an offset of an angle α of a balloon relative to the other, the cylinder being actuatable step by step in rotation by a multiple of the angle α .
La rotation pas par pas du barillet permet de pouvoir effectuer un changement rapide et simple de ballon.The rotation step by step of the barrel makes it possible to make a quick and simple change of balloon.
Avantageusement, le dispositif de support de ballons, les moyens d'amenée du mélange explosif, la buse d'injection et les moyens d'allumage du mélange explosif sont actionnables à distance par des moyens de commande.Advantageously, the balloon support device, the explosive mixture feed means, the injection nozzle and the ignition means of the explosive mixture can be remotely actuated by control means.
De cette manière, un opérateur situé à distance du dispositif, par exemple placé à l'intérieur de l'hélicoptère le transportant, peut commander le gonflage et l'explosion d'un ballon ainsi que le rechargement du dispositif.In this way, an operator located at a distance from the device, for example placed inside the helicopter carrying it, can control the inflation and the explosion of a balloon as well as the recharging of the device.
De toute façon, l'invention sera bien comprise à l'aide de la description qui suit, en référence au dessin schématique annexé représentant, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, une forme d'exécution de ce dispositif de déclenchement d'avalanche.In any case, the invention will be better understood from the description which follows, with reference to the appended schematic drawing showing, by way of non-limiting example, an embodiment of this avalanche triggering device.
Figure 1 est une vue d'ensemble d'un hélicoptère transportant le dispositif ; Figure 2 est une vue en perspective du dispositif dans un premier état dans lequel le ballon n'est pas gonflé ;Figure 1 is an overview of a helicopter carrying the device; Figure 2 is a perspective view of the device in a first state in which the balloon is not inflated;
Figure 3 est une vue correspondant à la figure 2 représentant un deuxième état du dispositif dans lequel le ballon est gonflé ;Figure 3 is a view corresponding to Figure 2 showing a second state of the device in which the balloon is inflated;
Figure 4 est une vue de face agrandie d'une partie du dispositif présentant une première étape de disposition d'un premier ballon ;Figure 4 is an enlarged front view of a portion of the device having a first step of disposing a first balloon;
Figure 5 est une vue correspondant à la figure 4 et présentant une seconde étape de gonflage et d'allumage du premier ballon ;Figure 5 is a view corresponding to Figure 4 and having a second step of inflation and ignition of the first balloon;
Figure 6 est une vue correspondant aux figures 4 et 5 et présentant une troisième étape de disposition d'un second ballon ; La figure 1 présente un dispositif de déclenchement d'avalanche 1 relié à un hélicoptère 2 par un filin 3 de longueur comprise entre 30 et 45 mètres. Le dispositif est amené au dessus du manteau neigeux, au niveau de la zone de tir.Figure 6 is a view corresponding to Figures 4 and 5 and having a third step of disposing a second balloon; FIG. 1 shows an avalanche triggering device 1 connected to a helicopter 2 by a rope 3 of length between 30 and 45 meters. The device is brought to the top of the snowpack at the firing zone.
A l'intérieur de l'hélicoptère 2 se trouve un opérateur pouvant actionner à distance le dispositif 1 par l'intermédiaire de moyens de commandes (non représentés).Inside the helicopter 2 is an operator that can remotely actuate the device 1 by means of control means (not shown).
Comme représenté en figure 2, ce dispositif 1 comprend un châssis longitudinal 4 de forme sensiblement cylindrique et équipé de moyens d'accrochage 5 à une première extrémité tournée vers l'hélicoptère 2. De manière connue en soi, les moyens d'accrochages sont formés par une boucle permettant d'accueillir un crochet ou un mousqueton disposé à une extrémité du filin 3.As shown in FIG. 2, this device 1 comprises a longitudinal chassis 4 of substantially cylindrical shape and equipped with attachment means 5 at a first end facing the helicopter 2. In a manner known per se, the clipping means are formed by a loop for receiving a hook or a carabiner disposed at one end of the rope 3.
Ce châssis comporte, en partie haute, une zone de stockage 6 de bouteilles 7 formant réservoirs d'oxygène et d'hydrogène ou de propane. Les bouteilles sont de préférence régulièrement réparties autour de l'axe longitudinal X-X du châssis 4 de manière à équilibrer les forces dues au poids de chaque bouteille 7. Le châssis 4 comporte un outre un barillet 8 monté de manière pivotante autour d'un axe Y-Y parallèle à l'axe longitudinal X-X du châssis 4 et décalé latéralement par rapport à celui-ci. Le barillet 8 comporte une pluralité d'enceintes 10 ouvertes à leurs deux extrémités et dans lesquelles sont disposés les ballons 9 à l'état dégonflé. Ces derniers comportent des embouts de gonflage, l'ouverture des embouts étant orientée vers le haut et coïncidant avec l'ouverture supérieure 11 des enceintes 10 du barillet 8.This frame comprises, in the upper part, a storage area 6 of bottles 7 forming reservoirs of oxygen and hydrogen or propane. The bottles are preferably regularly distributed around the longitudinal axis XX of the frame 4 so as to balance the forces due to the weight of each bottle 7. The frame 4 comprises a cylinder 8 mounted pivotally about a YY axis parallel to the longitudinal axis XX of the frame 4 and offset laterally thereto. The barrel 8 comprises a plurality of enclosures 10 open at their two ends and in which are arranged the balloons 9 in the deflated state. The latter comprise inflation tips, the opening of the tips being directed upwards and coinciding with the upper opening 11 of the speakers 10 of the barrel 8.
Les ballons 9 utilisés sont des ballons en latex et sont pinces sur les enceintes 10, au niveau de leur ouverture supérieure 11 , de manière à réaliser une liaison étanche. Le barillet 8 forme ainsi le support d'une pluralité de ballons 9 dont l'embout de gonflage est tournée vers la partie haute et dont le corps est tourné du côté opposé de manière à s'étendre vers le bas lors du gonflage.The balloons 9 used are latex balloons and are clamped on the speakers 10, at their upper opening 11, so as to make a tight connection. Barrel 8 thus forms the support of a plurality of balloons 9 whose inflation tip is turned towards the upper part and whose body is turned on the opposite side so as to extend downwards during inflation.
Le châssis 4 comporte également des moyens d'amenée d'un mélange explosif en regard de l'embout de gonflage du ballon correspondant, une buse d'injection 12 du mélange explosif et des moyens d'allumage du mélange (non représentés).The chassis 4 also comprises means for feeding an explosive mixture opposite the inflation nozzle of the corresponding balloon, an injection nozzle 12 for the explosive mixture and means for igniting the mixture (not shown).
Les moyens d'amenée du mélange explosif sont formés par les bouteilles d'oxygène ou d'air, les bouteilles d'hydrogène ou de propane et par une pluralité de conduites 13 reliant chaque bouteille à un mélangeur 14, ce dernier permettant de réaliser le mélange explosif. Le mélange est ensuite amené à la buse d'injection 12 qui, comme cela apparaît en figures 6 à 8, réalise le gonflage du ballon à l'aide du mélange explosif.The means for feeding the explosive mixture are formed by the oxygen or air bottles, the hydrogen or propane bottles and by a plurality of pipes 13 connecting each bottle to a mixer 14, the latter making it possible to carry out the explosive mixture. The mixture is then brought to the injection nozzle 12 which, as shown in Figures 6 to 8, performs the inflation of the balloon with the explosive mixture.
Les moyens d'allumage du mélange explosif permettent d'initier le phénomène d'explosion. Ils peuvent être formés par des moyens de production d'une flamme ou d'une étincelle.The ignition means of the explosive mixture can initiate the explosion phenomenon. They can be formed by means of producing a flame or a spark.
Le châssis 4 comporte de plus une cage de guidage et de protection 15 du ballon 9 au niveau de son extrémité tournée vers le bas, c'est- à-dire tournée vers le manteau neigeux, une fois le dispositif 1 en position d'utilisation. Comme cela apparaît en figure 3, le ballon 9 est guidé lors de son gonflage par la cage 15 de forme générale hémisphérique et ouverte vers le bas. La cage 15 a un diamètre correspondant à celui du ballon une fois gonflé, c'est-à-dire environ égal à 1 ,5 mètre. Outre la fonction de guidage du ballon, la cage permet d'assurer la protection de celui-ci. En effet, le balancement du dispositif 1 et l'effort exercé par le vent sur le ballon 9 peuvent entraîner un balancement de ce dernier et son l'éclatement par collision avec le dispositif 1.The frame 4 further comprises a guide and protection cage 15 of the balloon 9 at its end facing downwards, that is to say turned towards the snowpack, once the device 1 in the position of use. . As shown in Figure 3, the balloon 9 is guided during its inflation by the cage 15 of generally hemispherical shape and open downwards. The cage 15 has a diameter corresponding to that of the balloon once inflated, that is to say approximately equal to 1.5 meters. In addition to the guide function of the balloon, the cage makes it possible to ensure the protection thereof. Indeed, the rocking of the device 1 and the force exerted by the wind on the balloon 9 can cause a rocking of the latter and its bursting by collision with the device 1.
La cage de guidage et de protection 15 est recouverte sur une partie de sa hauteur et à partir de son extrémité supérieure, d'une jupe tronconique 16. Cette jupe 16 permet de guider les ondes provenant de l'explosion vers le manteau neigeux. Elle évite ainsi une dissipation latérale de l'énergie de l'explosion et permet d'accroître l'efficacité du dispositif. Elle permet également de protéger les éléments équipant le châssis.The guiding and protective cage 15 is covered over part of its height and from its upper end, a frustoconical skirt 16. This skirt 16 guides the waves from the explosion to the snowpack. It thus avoids a lateral dissipation of the energy of the explosion and makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the device. It also protects the elements on the chassis.
Une caméra 17 de surveillance de l'avalanche et du ballon est disposée au niveau de l'extrémité inférieure du dispositif 1 et latéralement par rapport au châssis 4. La caméra 17 fournit à l'opérateur des images du ballon 9 afin de surveiller son gonflage et son explosion. Elle permet également à l'opérateur de visualiser le manteau neigeux, en particulier la zone située à l'aplomb de l'hélicoptère.A camera 17 monitoring the avalanche and the balloon is disposed at the lower end of the device 1 and laterally relative to the frame 4. The camera 17 provides the operator with images of the balloon 9 to monitor its inflation and its explosion. It also allows the operator to visualize the snowpack, especially the area directly above the helicopter.
Les figures 4 à 6 détaillent le processus de gonflage et d'explosion des ballons 9.Figures 4 to 6 detail the process of inflation and explosion of the balloons 9.
La figure 4 représente une première étape dans laquelle une première enceinte 10 du barillet 8 est disposée de manière à ce que l'ouverture supérieure 11 correspondante, et donc également l'embout du ballon 9, soit disposée dans l'axe longitudinal de la buse d'injection 12, cet axe correspondant à l'axe longitudinal X-X du châssis 4. La buse d'injection 12 se trouve en position haute lors de cette première étape. Pendant la deuxième étape, représentée en figure 5, la buse d'injection 12 est déplacée en translation en direction de l'ouverture supérieureFIG. 4 represents a first step in which a first chamber 10 of the barrel 8 is arranged so that the corresponding upper opening 11, and therefore also the tip of the balloon 9, is arranged in the longitudinal axis of the nozzle injection 12, this axis corresponding to the longitudinal axis XX of the chassis 4. The injection nozzle 12 is in the upper position during this first step. During the second step, represented in FIG. 5, the injection nozzle 12 is displaced in translation in the direction of the upper opening
11 de l'enceinte 10. La buse d'injection 12 est alors montée de manière étanche sur l'embout, de façon à assurer le gonflage du ballon 9 à l'aide du mélange gazeux explosif.11 of the enclosure 10. The injection nozzle 12 is then mounted sealingly on the nozzle, so as to ensure the inflation of the balloon 9 with the explosive gas mixture.
L'augmentation du volume du ballon pousse celui-ci à s'extraire en partie par l'ouverture inférieure de l'enceinte 10 correspondante, de manière à venir se loger dans la cage de guidage et de protection 15.The increase of the volume of the balloon pushes the latter to be partially extracted by the lower opening of the corresponding chamber 10, so as to be housed in the guide and protection cage 15.
Les moyens d'allumage (non représentés) sont intégrés à la buse d'injection 12, de sorte que l'allumage peut être réalisé directement après l'étape de gonflage du ballon. Les moyens d'allumage provoquant l'explosion du ballon 9, les ondes de chocs issues de l'explosion affectent alors le manteau neigeux.The ignition means (not shown) are integrated with the injection nozzle 12, so that the ignition can be carried out directly after the inflation step of the balloon. The ignition means causing the explosion of the balloon 9, shock waves from the explosion then affect the snowpack.
Après l'explosion, la buse d'injection 12 est retirée de l'ouverture supérieure 11 de la première enceinte et le barillet 8 est actionné en rotation d'un angle α correspondant au décalage angulaire des ballons les uns par rapport aux autres. Le barillet est ainsi actionnable par pas de manière à venir disposer l'ouverture supérieure d'une seconde enceinte, directement adjacente à la première, dans l'axe X-X de déplacement de la buse d'injection 12 et des moyens d'allumage, de sorte qu'un second ballon contenu dans la seconde enceinte puisse être gonflé.After the explosion, the injection nozzle 12 is removed from the upper opening 11 of the first chamber and the barrel 8 is actuated in rotation by an angle α corresponding to the angular offset of the balloons relative to each other. The barrel is thus actuable in steps so as to arrange the upper opening of a second chamber, directly adjacent to the first, in the axis XX of displacement of the injection nozzle 12 and the ignition means, so that a second balloon contained in the second chamber can be inflated.
Le barillet 8 peut par exemple comporter 11 ballons de manière à pouvoir réaliser autant d'explosions consécutives sans avoir besoin de recharger le dispositif, les bouteilles 7 formant réservoir de gaz étant dimensionnées de manière à permettre le gonflage de l'ensemble des ballons 9 du barillet 8.The barrel 8 may for example comprise 11 balls so as to be able to perform as many consecutive explosions without the need to recharge the device, the bottles 7 forming a gas tank being dimensioned so as to allow the inflation of all the balloons 9 of the barrel 8.
Le dispositif de déclenchement d'avalanche comporte en outre des moyens de commande (non représentés) du dispositif support de ballons, des moyens d'amenée du mélange explosif, de la buse d'injection 12 et des moyens d'allumage du mélange explosif. Ces moyens de commande comprennent un boîtier de commande réalisant une interface pour l'opérateur, ce boîtier permettant notamment de commander les opérations de gonflage et d'explosion, soit séparément, soit automatiquement, par exemple par l'intermédiaire d'une temporisation de gonflage. Ils comprennent en outre des moyens de liaison sans fil entre les différents actionneurs du dispositif et le boîtier de commande disposé à l'intérieur de l'hélicoptère. Ces moyens de liaison sans fil sont par exemple formés par un émetteur et un récepteur radioélectriques.The avalanche triggering device further comprises control means (not shown) of the balloon support device, means for feeding the explosive mixture, the injection nozzle 12 and means for igniting the explosive mixture. These control means comprise a control box providing an interface for the operator, this box making it possible in particular to control the inflation and explosion operations, either separately or automatically, for example by means of an inflation timer. . They further comprise wireless connection means between the various actuators of the device and the control unit disposed inside the helicopter. These means of Wireless links are for example formed by a radio transmitter and receiver.
Comme il va de soi, l'invention ne se limite pas aux seules formes d'exécution de ce système, décrites ci-dessus à titre d'exemple, mais elle embrasse au contraire toutes les variantes. C'est ainsi que le dispositif de support des ballons pourrait être réalisé sous forme d'un coulisseau, les ballons étant régulièrement répartis sur le coulisseau et espacés d'une distance d, le coulisseau étant déplaçable par pas en translation d'une distance d, de sorte que le coulisseau permette d'amener successivement l'embout de gonflage de chaque ballon en regard de la buse d'injection et des moyens d'allumage. C'est ainsi également que les moyens d'allumage peuvent être séparés de la buse d'injection, que le mélange explosif peut être de composition différente, que le barillet n'est pas nécessairement actionnable par pas, que la jupe tronconique peut également former la cage de guidage et de protection du ballon ou que le dispositif de support est fixe par rapport au châssis, la buse d'injection et les moyens d'allumage étant adaptés pour amener successivement l'embout de gonflage de chaque ballon en regard de la buse d'injection et des moyens d'allumage. As goes without saying, the invention is not limited to the embodiments of this system, described above by way of example, but it encompasses all variants. Thus, the device for supporting the balloons could be in the form of a slide, the balloons being evenly distributed on the slide and spaced apart by a distance d, the slide being displaceable by not in translation by a distance d , so that the slide allows to successively bring the inflation nozzle of each balloon facing the injection nozzle and ignition means. It is thus also that the ignition means can be separated from the injection nozzle, the explosive mixture can be of different composition, the barrel is not necessarily actuable step, the frustoconical skirt can also form the guiding and protective cage of the balloon or the support device is fixed relative to the chassis, the injection nozzle and the ignition means being adapted to successively bring the inflation tip of each balloon facing the injection nozzle and ignition means.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif de déclenchement d'avalanche (1) comprenant un châssis (4) équipé de moyens d'accrochage (5) destinés au transport du dispositif (1), notamment par un hélicoptère (2) à l'aide d'un filin (3), le châssis (4) comportant, en partie haute, une zone de stockage (6) d'au moins un réservoir de gaz (7) destiné à former un mélange explosif et, en partie basse, un dispositif de support (8) d'une pluralité de ballons (9) élastique présentant chacun un embout de gonflage tourné vers la partie haute, le corps de chaque ballon s'étendant dans la direction opposée, les ballons étant décalés les uns par rapport aux autres, des moyens d'amenée du mélange explosif (7, 13, 14) en regard de l'embout de gonflage d'un ballon (9), une buse d'injection (12), des moyens d'allumage du mélange explosif, des moyens étant prévus pour amener successivement la buse d'injection (12) et les moyens d'allumage en regard de l'embout de gonflage de chaque ballon (9).1. An avalanche triggering device (1) comprising a chassis (4) equipped with hooking means (5) for transporting the device (1), in particular by a helicopter (2) using a rope (3), the frame (4) comprising, in the upper part, a storage area (6) of at least one gas tank (7) intended to form an explosive mixture and, at the bottom, a support device ( 8) of a plurality of elastic balloons (9) each having an inflation nozzle turned towards the upper part, the body of each balloon extending in the opposite direction, the balloons being offset with respect to one another, means supplying the explosive mixture (7, 13, 14) facing the inflation nozzle of a balloon (9), an injection nozzle (12), means for igniting the explosive mixture, means being provided to successively bring the injection nozzle (12) and the ignition means facing the inflation nozzle of each balloon (9).
2. Dispositif de déclenchement d'avalanche selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de support (8) de ballons (9) est monté déplaçable sur le châssis (4) pour amener successivement l'embout de gonflage de chaque ballon (9) en regard de la buse d'injection (12) et des moyens d'allumage.2. Avalanche triggering device according to claim 1, characterized in that the support device (8) of balloons (9) is movably mounted on the frame (4) to successively bring the inflation tip of each balloon ( 9) opposite the injection nozzle (12) and ignition means.
3. Dispositif de déclenchement d'avalanche selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que la buse d'injection (12) et les moyens d'allumage sont montés déplaçable sur le châssis (4) pour venir successivement en regard de l'embout de gonflage de chaque ballon (9).3. Avalanche triggering device according to claim 1, characterized in that the injection nozzle (12) and the ignition means are movably mounted on the frame (4) to come successively opposite the nozzle of inflating each balloon (9).
4. Dispositif de déclenchement d'avalanche selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de support de ballons est formé par un barillet (8) monté de manière pivotante sur le châssis (4).4. Avalanche triggering device according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the balloon support device is formed by a cylinder (8) pivotally mounted on the frame (4).
5. Dispositif de déclenchement d'avalanche selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le châssis (4) est équipé à son extrémité inférieure d'une cage (15) ouverte vers le bas servant au guidage et à la protection du ballon (9) lors de son gonflage. 5. Avalanche release device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the frame (4) is equipped at its lower end with a cage (15) open downwards for guiding and protection of the balloon (9) during its inflation.
6. Dispositif de déclenchement d'avalanche selon la revendication6. Avalanche triggering device according to the claim
5, caractérisé en ce que la cage (15) de guidage et de protection est recouverte sur une partie au moins de sa hauteur et à partir de son extrémité supérieure, d'une jupe tronconique(16).5, characterized in that the cage (15) for guiding and protecting is covered over at least part of its height and from its upper end, a frustoconical skirt (16).
7. Dispositif de déclenchement d'avalanche selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une caméra de surveillance (17) de l'avalanche et/ou du ballon.7. Avalanche triggering device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises a surveillance camera (17) of the avalanche and / or the balloon.
8. Dispositif de déclenchement d'avalanche selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'amenée du mélange explosif comportent des réservoirs des différents composants gazeux destinés à former le mélange explosif, par exemple d'oxygène, d'hydrogène et/ou de propane, et un mélangeur (14) destiné à former le mélange explosif à partir des composants gazeux.8. Avalanche release device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the means for supplying the explosive mixture comprise reservoirs of the various gaseous components for forming the explosive mixture, for example oxygen, hydrogen and / or propane, and a mixer (14) for forming the explosive mixture from the gaseous components.
9. Dispositif de déclenchement d'avalanche selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les ballons (9) sont des ballons en latex. 9. avalanche triggering device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the balloons (9) are latex balloons.
10. Dispositif de déclenchement d'avalanche selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'allumage sont des moyens de production d'une flamme ou d'une étincelle.10. Avalanche triggering device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the ignition means are means for producing a flame or a spark.
11. Dispositif de déclenchement d'avalanche selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'allumage sont intégrés à la buse d'injection (12).11. Avalanche triggering device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the ignition means are integrated with the injection nozzle (12).
12. Dispositif de déclenchement d'avalanche selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la buse d'injection (12) est déplaçable en translation entre une position de gonflage dans laquelle la buse d'injection (12) est connectée à l'embout d'un ballon (9), et une position de retrait dans laquelle la buse d'injection (12) est déconnectée de l'embout.12. Avalanche release device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the injection nozzle (12) is displaceable in translation between an inflation position in which the injection nozzle (12) is connected to the tip of a balloon (9), and a withdrawal position in which the injection nozzle (12) is disconnected from the tip.
13. Dispositif de déclenchement d'avalanche selon l'une des revendications 4 à 12, caractérisé en ce que les ballons (9) sont régulièrement répartis et décalés l'un par rapport à l'autre d'un angle α, le barillet (8) étant actionnable pas par pas en rotation d'un multiple de l'angle α. 13. Avalanche triggering device according to one of claims 4 to 12, characterized in that the balls (9) are regularly distributed and offset relative to each other by an angle α, the cylinder ( 8) being actuable step by step in rotation by a multiple of the angle α.
14. Dispositif de déclenchement d'avalanche selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de support (8) de ballons, les moyens d'amenée (7, 13, 14) du mélange explosif, la buse d'injection (12) et les moyens d'allumage du mélange explosif sont actionnables à distance par des moyens de commande. Avalanche release device according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the balloon support device (8), the feed means (7, 13, 14) for the explosive mixture, the nozzle injection (12) and the ignition means of the explosive mixture are remotely operable by control means.
EP07731022A 2006-02-24 2007-02-21 Avalanche triggering system Not-in-force EP1987290B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0601648A FR2897931B1 (en) 2006-02-24 2006-02-24 AVALANCHE RELEASE DEVICE
PCT/FR2007/000315 WO2007096524A1 (en) 2006-02-24 2007-02-21 Avalanche triggering system

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EP1987290A1 true EP1987290A1 (en) 2008-11-05
EP1987290B1 EP1987290B1 (en) 2010-03-31

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EP07731022A Not-in-force EP1987290B1 (en) 2006-02-24 2007-02-21 Avalanche triggering system

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US (1) US8342096B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1987290B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE462934T1 (en)
DE (1) DE602007005613D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2343213T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2897931B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2007096524A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2897931B1 (en) * 2006-02-24 2008-05-09 Technologie Alpine De Securite AVALANCHE RELEASE DEVICE
FR2925152B1 (en) 2007-12-14 2013-06-28 Technologie Alpine De Securite T A S DEVICE FOR TRIGGERING AVALANCHES
DE102009037705B4 (en) * 2009-08-18 2014-03-27 Geräte- und Vorrichtungsbau Spitzner OHG Method and device for triggering avalanches
DE102009061084B4 (en) * 2009-08-18 2018-06-21 Geräte- und Vorrichtungsbau Spitzner OHG Device for cleaning well systems
FR2953922B1 (en) * 2009-12-10 2011-12-09 Technologie Alpine De Securite Tas DEVICE FOR TRIGGERING AVALANCHES
FR2958739B1 (en) * 2010-04-09 2012-05-11 Technologie Alpine De Securite Tas AVALANCHE RELEASE DEVICE
EP2823858A1 (en) * 2013-07-12 2015-01-14 Brossel, Rémy System generating a constraint field, and medical device implementing the same
RU2627393C1 (en) * 2016-08-12 2017-08-08 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Глобал Майнинг Эксплозив - Раша" Charge of explosive substance for projectiles, method of preparation of this charge and projectile with explosive substance (options)
FR3101940B1 (en) * 2019-10-10 2021-10-15 Tech Alpine De Securite Tas Avalanche trigger system
FR3110688B1 (en) * 2020-05-21 2022-05-27 Martin Paour Avalanche prevention system
FR3111420B1 (en) * 2020-06-15 2022-05-20 Brp Equipment for avalanche triggering system and system comprising such equipment and an explosion chamber
FR3117581B1 (en) 2020-12-15 2022-11-25 Patrice Margueron Device for generating a shock wave
AT527413B1 (en) 2023-12-27 2025-02-15 Singer Manfred Supply module, avalanche triggering system, method for triggering avalanches and method for replacing a supply module

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CH675023A5 (en) * 1988-01-12 1990-08-15 Zermatt Air Ag
AR245818A1 (en) * 1988-03-03 1994-02-28 Schippers Jacob Process and device for triggering an avalanche
FR2636729B1 (en) 1988-09-19 1990-12-07 Schippers Jacob METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TRIGGERING AN AVALANCHE
DE4302252C1 (en) * 1992-02-24 1993-09-09 Franz 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen De Wendl System for artificially triggering snow avalanches from helicopter - involves lowering explosive means from helicopter by special electrical cable with load reception housing, distance holder and detonator.
EP0690285A1 (en) * 1994-06-29 1996-01-03 Air Zermatt Method and device for starting snow slides by means of explosives
FR2771168B1 (en) * 1997-11-17 1999-12-10 Commissariat Energie Atomique METHOD OF ARTIFICIAL TRIGGERING OF AN AVALANCHE AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD
IT1311085B1 (en) * 1999-03-11 2002-02-28 Monterosa S P A DEVICE AND PROCEDURE FOR ARTIFICALLY CAUSING AN AVALANCHE
GB2351797A (en) * 1999-07-02 2001-01-10 Delta K Explosive Engineering Explosive device for triggering avalanches
US7707938B2 (en) * 2005-05-16 2010-05-04 Hisel Stanley D Apparatus and method for avalanche control
FR2897931B1 (en) * 2006-02-24 2008-05-09 Technologie Alpine De Securite AVALANCHE RELEASE DEVICE
FR2925152B1 (en) * 2007-12-14 2013-06-28 Technologie Alpine De Securite T A S DEVICE FOR TRIGGERING AVALANCHES

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2343213T3 (en) 2010-07-26
US8342096B2 (en) 2013-01-01
WO2007096524A1 (en) 2007-08-30
FR2897931B1 (en) 2008-05-09
ATE462934T1 (en) 2010-04-15
EP1987290B1 (en) 2010-03-31
US20110005423A1 (en) 2011-01-13
DE602007005613D1 (en) 2010-05-12
FR2897931A1 (en) 2007-08-31

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