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EP1978131B2 - Moyen de fabrication de couche anti-corrosion sur des surfaces métalliques - Google Patents

Moyen de fabrication de couche anti-corrosion sur des surfaces métalliques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1978131B2
EP1978131B2 EP07105237.7A EP07105237A EP1978131B2 EP 1978131 B2 EP1978131 B2 EP 1978131B2 EP 07105237 A EP07105237 A EP 07105237A EP 1978131 B2 EP1978131 B2 EP 1978131B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
solution
composition according
metal
range
comp
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EP07105237.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1978131B1 (fr
EP1978131A1 (fr
Inventor
Udo Dr. Hofmann
Hermann Donsbach
Jörg UNGER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Atotech Deutschland GmbH and Co KG
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Atotech Deutschland GmbH and Co KG
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Application filed by Atotech Deutschland GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Atotech Deutschland GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP07105237.7A priority Critical patent/EP1978131B2/fr
Priority to ES07105237T priority patent/ES2388302T5/es
Priority to BRPI0809299-0A2A priority patent/BRPI0809299A2/pt
Priority to KR1020097020409A priority patent/KR101493458B1/ko
Priority to US12/593,632 priority patent/US8764916B2/en
Priority to CN2008800104018A priority patent/CN101668881B/zh
Priority to PCT/EP2008/053346 priority patent/WO2008119675A1/fr
Priority to JP2010500230A priority patent/JP5279811B2/ja
Publication of EP1978131A1 publication Critical patent/EP1978131A1/fr
Publication of EP1978131B1 publication Critical patent/EP1978131B1/fr
Publication of EP1978131B2 publication Critical patent/EP1978131B2/fr
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C23C22/34—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
    • C23F11/04—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in markedly acid liquids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
    • C23F11/06—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in markedly alkaline liquids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to compositions for the production of anticorrosive coatings on metal surfaces, to processes for the preparation of such compositions and to their use.
  • compositions of the invention are used in particular for the production of corrosion-protective conversion layers or passivation layers on metal surfaces, such as the surfaces of pure metal substrates such as zinc, aluminum, magnesium or their alloys and galvanically produced surfaces of zinc or their alloys.
  • Metal parts are coated to protect against corrosion, for example, galvanically with base metals, such.
  • base metals such as zinc, nickel, chromium, aluminum, magnesium and alloys of the aforementioned, and the corrosion resistance of the metal coating by forming a conversion layer, often a passivation layer further improved.
  • the metal surfaces are often treated with solutions containing chromium (VI).
  • chromium (VI) compounds due to the high toxicity and carcinogenicity of chromium (VI) compounds, more recent attempts have been made to prepare such conversion layers with chromium (III) -containing solutions. These chromium (III) -containing treatment liquids are added to increase the corrosion protection effect of the prepared conversion layers many times high amounts of cobalt (II) compounds.
  • Recent processes produce protective layers with an organosilicon-based binder system to which corrosion inhibiting additives based on molybdenum, tungsten, titanium, zirconium, vanadium and other metals are added.
  • the US-A-6,524,403 describes a chromium-free composition for improving the corrosion resistance of zinc or zinc alloy surfaces, which composition contains a source of titanium ions or titanates, an oxidizer and fluorides, and Group II metal compounds, and the composition is substantially free of silicates and silica. Strontium is used in particular as Group II metal.
  • the EP 0 760 401 discloses an anticorrosive composition containing an oxidizing agent, a silicate and / or silica and metal cations selected from Ti, Zr, Ce, Sr, V, W and Mo, oxime metal anions thereof and / or fluorometal anions thereof.
  • the previously known chromium-free corrosion inhibitors have the disadvantage that they either do not provide sufficient corrosion protection properties of the conversion layers or are not sufficiently stable to use them in a continuous process or both.
  • the object of the present invention was to overcome the disadvantages of the known in the prior art means for producing anticorrosive layers or conversion layers on metal surfaces, in particular surfaces of zinc, aluminum, magnesium or their alloys, wherein the means free of chromium and cobalt should be.
  • the agent according to the invention is characterized inter alia by containing in situ generated nanoparticles which are stable or at least metastable.
  • a conversion layer or passivation layer is formed in the treatment of metal surfaces with the agent according to the invention.
  • the nanoparticles generated in situ in the treatment solution are incorporated into the conversion layer during the formation of the conversion layer, thereby resulting in a particularly high corrosion protection effect of the treated metal surfaces.
  • these nanoparticles are generated in situ by hydrolysis or oxidation of the substances contained in the starting solution. The nanoparticles are not added to the solution as already existing nanoparticulate particles from outside.
  • inventively generated in situ nanoparticles are better incorporated into the conversion layers and thereby these layers are denser and thus more corrosion resistant than those which can be produced by applying a corrosion protection solution were added to the nanoparticles from the outside, for example in the form of a Silica or silicate solution.
  • the nanoparticles in the agent according to the invention are carried out in situ produces physical and / or chemical treatment of the starting solution, resulting in a colloidal solution.
  • a Tyndall lamp By means of a Tyndall lamp, the formation of nanoparticles can be easily detected.
  • the nanoparticles have an average particle diameter ⁇ 500 nm.
  • the nanoparticles are formed from the halogen complex anions and / or oxo cations by hydrolysis or oxidation.
  • the nanoparticles thus consist essentially of the oxides of the metals or metalloids.
  • the formation of nanoparticles in situ by the physical and / or chemical treatment is carried out by bringing the initially present equilibrium state of the starting solution in an imbalance state and the system in a stabilized metastable state.
  • the transition from the equilibrium state to an imbalance state can be effected by changing the temperature, changing the ion concentration, changing the pH, changing the pressure, supersaturating the solution, stirring the solution, adding an oxidizing agent and / or adding a reducing agent.
  • the formation of the nanoparticles takes place in situ by supersaturation of the solution and / or stirring of the solution.
  • composition of the invention may be provided in various forms and stages of completion prior to the treatment of metal surfaces as a commercial product.
  • the agent of the invention is provided as a concentrate which is to be diluted before use.
  • the product according to the invention is suitable as a commercial product as soon as the aqueous solution containing oxo-cations and halogen complex anions has been prepared according to step A) and the nanoparticles according to B) have been formed in situ.
  • an oxidative substance is added selected from hydrogen peroxide, organic peroxides, alkali metal peroxides, persulfates, perborates, nitrates and mixtures thereof, the addition of hydrogen peroxide as oxidative substance is particularly preferred.
  • the addition of the oxidative substance is expediently carried out before the use of the agent according to the invention for the production of anticorrosion coatings, wherein the agent according to the invention can already be provided with the oxidative substance contained therein or the oxidative substance is added shortly before the use of the agent according to the invention at the manufacturer of the anticorrosive coatings ,
  • the addition of the oxidative substance before the use of the agent according to the invention for the production of anticorrosive coatings causes, inter alia, a pre-passivation of the metallic surface, in particular a zinc or zinc alloy surface, which is advantageous because the treatment solution can be extremely aggressive against the metallic surface and dissolve it at least partially could.
  • the pH is adjusted by means of an acid or base to a value in the range from 0.5 to 5.0, preferably in the range from 1.0 to 3.0, more preferably adjusted in the range of 1.3 to 2.0.
  • a value in the range from 0.5 to 5.0 preferably in the range from 1.0 to 3.0, more preferably adjusted in the range of 1.3 to 2.0.
  • the agent according to the invention is prepared by the formation of nanoparticles according to step B) at a temperature in the range of room temperature to 100 ° C, preferably in the range of 30 ° C to 80 ° C, more preferably in the range from 35 ° C to 50 ° C is performed.
  • a temperature in the range of room temperature to 100 ° C, preferably in the range of 30 ° C to 80 ° C, more preferably in the range from 35 ° C to 50 ° C is performed.
  • a temperature in the range of room temperature to 100 ° C, preferably in the range of 30 ° C to 80 ° C, more preferably in the range from 35 ° C to 50 ° C is performed.
  • a temperature in the range of room temperature to 100 ° C, preferably in the range of 30 ° C to 80 ° C, more preferably in the range from 35 ° C to 50 ° C is performed.
  • Too low a temperature nanoparticles are formed at an uneconomically slow rate.
  • the agent is prepared by adding the halogen complex anions b) to the aqueous solution in step A) in the form of their metal salts, preferably their alkali metal salts, more preferably their sodium and potassium salts.
  • their metal salts preferably their alkali metal salts, more preferably their sodium and potassium salts.
  • halogen complex anions b) fluoroanions selected from BF4 ⁇ 1->, TiF6 ⁇ 2->, ZrF6 ⁇ 2->, SiF6 ⁇ 2->, AIF6 ⁇ 3-> and mixtures thereof.
  • further metal salts are added to the aqueous solution in stage A), preferably salts of the metals B, Ti, Zr, Si and / or Al.
  • the metals are added in the form of the metal halides, metal nitrates and / or metal sulfates.
  • the aqueous solution prepared in step A) contains the oxo cations in a concentration of 0.1 to 0.5 wt .-%, preferably in a concentration of 0.1 to 0.3 wt. -%.
  • the aqueous solution prepared in step A) contains the halogen complex anions in a concentration of 0.1 to 3.0 wt .-%, preferably in a concentration of 0.5 to 2.0% by weight.
  • the agent of the invention may be provided as a concentrate to be diluted before use.
  • the agent according to the invention can already be provided in the concentration or dilution suitable for the application.
  • the solution obtained in step B) is expediently diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 3 to 1: 5 before or after the addition of an oxidative substance in step C).
  • composition according to the invention for the production of anticorrosive coatings is carried out by direct treatment of the metal surfaces with the agent, preferably by immersing or pivoting the objects with metal surfaces in the or the agent.
  • Application by dipping or panning is preferably carried out at a temperature of the treatment bath in the range of 20 to 100 ° C, preferably 30 to 70 ° C, more preferably 40 to 60 ° C, and most preferably about 50 ° C.
  • the most suitable treatment time for the production of anticorrosive coatings by immersing or pivoting the objects with metal surfaces in the treatment or the treatment varies depending on various parameters, such as.
  • the composition of the treatment solution, the treatment temperature, the type of metal surface and the degree of corrosion protection desired is in the range of 10 to 120 seconds, preferably in the range of 20 to 60 seconds.
  • compositions according to the invention and comparative compositions an aqueous solution of oxo anions a) is prepared.
  • the halogen complex anion component b in this example a fluoroanion component
  • this solution is subjected to physical and / or chemical treatment by vigorous stirring (propeller stirrer, 700 to 1000 rpm).
  • the formation of nanoparticles is checked by means of a Tyndall lamp.
  • the solution obtained is made up to 1 l with water.
  • Table 1 shows that without treatment of the solutions by stirring (solutions 1b to 11b) no Tyndall effect was observed and thus no formation of nanoparticles was achieved. The same was observed when the fluoroanion component was used in the form of its free acid with and without stirring (solutions 2a, 2b, 4a, 4b, 7a, 7b, 9a, 9b, 11a and 11b).
  • Galvanized sheets were treated with the previously prepared and shown in Table 1 treatment solutions by immersion in the solutions for 60 seconds at 50 ° C. The sheets were then rinsed with water and subjected to a corrosion test according to DIN 50021 SS (salt spray test) for drumware and the duration of occurrence of i) first signs of corrosion and ii) 5% white rust compared. The results are shown in Table 2.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Agent pour la réalisation de couches de protection contre la corrosion sur des surfaces métalliques, préparé par les étapes suivantes :
    A) préparation d'une solution aqueuse qui contient au moins les éléments suivants :
    a) des cations oxo VO2+,
    b) des anions complexes halogénés de structure MXa b-, dans laquelle M est choisi parmi B, Ti, Zr, Si, Al, X est choisi parmi F, Cl, Br, I, a représente un nombre entier de 3 à 6 et b représente un nombre entier de 1 à 4,
    B) formation de nanoparticules présentant un diamètre moyen de particule < 500 nm dans la solution in situ par traitement physique et/ou chimique de la solution, le traitement physique et/ou chimique étant choisi parmi la modification de la température, la modification de la concentration en ions, la modification du pH, la modification de la pression, la sursaturation de la solution, l'agitation de la solution, l'addition d'un agent d'oxydation et/ou l'addition d'un agent de réduction.
  2. Agent selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par l'étape supplémentaire dans laquelle
    C) la solution préparée selon l'étape B) est additionnée d'une substance oxydante, choisie parmi le peroxyde d'hydrogène, les peroxydes organiques, les peroxydes de métal alcalin, les persulfates, les perborates, les nitrates et leurs mélanges.
  3. Agent selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par l'étape supplémentaire dans laquelle
    D) on règle le pH de la solution préparée selon l'étape C) au moyen d'un acide ou d'une base à une valeur dans la plage de 0,5 à 5,0, de préférence dans la plage de 1,0 à 3,0, de manière particulièrement préférée dans la plage de 1,3 à 2,0.
  4. Agent selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la formation de nanoparticules selon l'étape B) est effectuée par sursaturation de la solution en anions complexes halogénés b) et/ou par agitation de la solution.
  5. Agent selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la formation de nanoparticules selon l'étape B) est effectuée à une température dans la plage de la température ambiante à 100°C, de préférence dans la plage de 30°C à 80°C, de manière particulièrement préférée dans la plage de 35°C à 50°C.
  6. Agent selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les anions complexes halogénés b) de la solution aqueuse dans l'étape A) sont ajoutés sous forme de leurs sels métalliques, de préférence leurs sels de métal alcalin, de manière particulièrement préférée leurs sels de sodium et de potassium.
  7. Agent selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la solution aqueuse dans l'étape A) est additionnée d'autres sels métalliques, de préférence de sels des métaux B, Ti, Zr, Si et/ou Al et de préférence sous forme des halogénures métalliques, des nitrates métalliques et/ou des sulfates métalliques.
  8. Agent selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la solution aqueuse préparée dans l'étape A) contient les cations oxo en une concentration de 0,1 à 0,5% en poids, de préférence en une concentration de 0,1 à 0,3% en poids.
  9. Agent selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la solution aqueuse préparée dans l'étape A) contient les anions complexes halogénés en une concentration de 0,1 à 3,0% en poids, de préférence en une concentration de 0,5 à 2,0% en poids.
  10. Agent selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la solution obtenue dans l'étape B) est diluée avec de l'eau dans un rapport de 1:3 à 1:5 avant l'addition d'une substance oxydante dans l'étape C).
  11. Agent selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les anions complexes halogénés b) sont choisis parmi BF4 1-, TiF6 2-, ZrF6 2-, SiF6 2-, AlF6 3- et leurs mélanges.
EP07105237.7A 2007-03-29 2007-03-29 Moyen de fabrication de couche anti-corrosion sur des surfaces métalliques Active EP1978131B2 (fr)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07105237.7A EP1978131B2 (fr) 2007-03-29 2007-03-29 Moyen de fabrication de couche anti-corrosion sur des surfaces métalliques
ES07105237T ES2388302T5 (es) 2007-03-29 2007-03-29 Agentes para fabricar capas de protección contra la corrosión sobre superficies metálicas
PCT/EP2008/053346 WO2008119675A1 (fr) 2007-03-29 2008-03-20 Moyen de réalisation de couches de protection contre la corrosion sur des surfaces métalliques
KR1020097020409A KR101493458B1 (ko) 2007-03-29 2008-03-20 금속 표면 위에 항-부식층의 제조를 위한 제제
US12/593,632 US8764916B2 (en) 2007-03-29 2008-03-20 Agent for the production of anti-corrosion layers on metal surfaces
CN2008800104018A CN101668881B (zh) 2007-03-29 2008-03-20 在金属表面形成防蚀层的试剂
BRPI0809299-0A2A BRPI0809299A2 (pt) 2007-03-29 2008-03-20 Agente para produção de camadas anticorrosão em superfícies metálicas
JP2010500230A JP5279811B2 (ja) 2007-03-29 2008-03-20 金属表面に抗腐食層を生成する剤

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07105237.7A EP1978131B2 (fr) 2007-03-29 2007-03-29 Moyen de fabrication de couche anti-corrosion sur des surfaces métalliques

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1978131A1 EP1978131A1 (fr) 2008-10-08
EP1978131B1 EP1978131B1 (fr) 2012-06-06
EP1978131B2 true EP1978131B2 (fr) 2019-03-06

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07105237.7A Active EP1978131B2 (fr) 2007-03-29 2007-03-29 Moyen de fabrication de couche anti-corrosion sur des surfaces métalliques

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US8764916B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1978131B2 (fr)
JP (1) JP5279811B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101493458B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101668881B (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0809299A2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2388302T5 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008119675A1 (fr)

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ES2372146T3 (es) * 2009-09-23 2012-01-16 Atotech Deutschland Gmbh Solución de tratamiento para generar capas de conversión negras libres de cromo y de cobalto.
CA2883186C (fr) 2012-08-29 2017-12-05 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Compositions de pretraitement du zirconium qui contiennent du lithium, procedes associes permettant de traiter des substrats metalliques et substrats metalliques recouverts associes
SG11201501408RA (en) 2012-08-29 2015-03-30 Ppg Ind Ohio Inc Zirconium pretreatment compositions containing molybdenum, associated methods for treating metal substrates, and related coated metal substrates
WO2014169222A2 (fr) * 2013-04-12 2014-10-16 University Of Virginia Patent Foundation Revêtements de métal et d'alliage métallique résistant à la corrosion contenant des concentrations sursaturées d'éléments inhibiteurs de corrosion et procédés et systèmes de formation de ces revêtements
CN103205739B (zh) * 2013-04-28 2015-04-08 东南大学 一种提高钢材耐磨性的表面化学处理方法
DE102013107506A1 (de) 2013-07-16 2015-01-22 Thyssenkrupp Rasselstein Gmbh Verfahren zur Passivierung von bandförmigem Schwarzblech
DE102015113878B4 (de) 2015-08-21 2023-03-16 Thyssenkrupp Ag Verfahren zur thermischen Behandlung eines mit einer Konversionsschicht beschichteten Schwarzblechs
WO2018006270A1 (fr) * 2016-07-05 2018-01-11 深圳市恒兆智科技有限公司 Agent de revêtement par conversion d'aluminium sans chrome, matériau d'aluminium et procédé de traitement de revêtement
RU2729485C1 (ru) 2016-08-24 2020-08-07 Ппг Индастриз Огайо, Инк. Железосодержащая композиция очистителя
US11008254B2 (en) 2019-08-08 2021-05-18 Specialty Granules Investments Llc Building materials comprising agglomerated particles

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US20030205299A1 (en) † 2002-04-29 2003-11-06 Greene Jeffrey Allen Conversion coatings including alkaline earth metal fluoride complexes
EP1950325A2 (fr) † 2007-01-19 2008-07-30 Nihon Hyomen Kagaku Kabushiki Kaisha Solution dépourvue de chrome pour le traitement de surfaces métalliques

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BRPI0809299A2 (pt) 2014-10-14
JP5279811B2 (ja) 2013-09-04
KR101493458B1 (ko) 2015-02-13
WO2008119675A1 (fr) 2008-10-09
KR20100014685A (ko) 2010-02-10
ES2388302T3 (es) 2012-10-11
CN101668881A (zh) 2010-03-10
ES2388302T5 (es) 2019-10-18
EP1978131B1 (fr) 2012-06-06
CN101668881B (zh) 2011-08-24
EP1978131A1 (fr) 2008-10-08
US20100126633A1 (en) 2010-05-27
US8764916B2 (en) 2014-07-01
JP2010532816A (ja) 2010-10-14

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