[go: up one dir, main page]

EP1802459A2 - Barriere de protection contre des projectiles et procede associe - Google Patents

Barriere de protection contre des projectiles et procede associe

Info

Publication number
EP1802459A2
EP1802459A2 EP05856737A EP05856737A EP1802459A2 EP 1802459 A2 EP1802459 A2 EP 1802459A2 EP 05856737 A EP05856737 A EP 05856737A EP 05856737 A EP05856737 A EP 05856737A EP 1802459 A2 EP1802459 A2 EP 1802459A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
liquid
container
leakage
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05856737A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1802459A4 (fr
Inventor
Russell A. Monk
Thomas S. Ohnstad
James J.M. Henry
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US11/067,525 external-priority patent/US7169452B1/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1802459A2 publication Critical patent/EP1802459A2/fr
Publication of EP1802459A4 publication Critical patent/EP1802459A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K2015/03032—Manufacturing of fuel tanks
    • B60K2015/03039—Manufacturing of fuel tanks made of a combination of non metallic and metallic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K2015/03032—Manufacturing of fuel tanks
    • B60K2015/03046—Manufacturing of fuel tanks made from more than one layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K2015/03328—Arrangements or special measures related to fuel tanks or fuel handling
    • B60K2015/03407—Arrangements or special measures related to fuel tanks or fuel handling to protect tanks against projectiles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/10—Road Vehicles
    • B60Y2200/14—Trucks; Load vehicles, Busses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/20—Off-Road Vehicles
    • B60Y2200/24—Military vehicles

Definitions

  • This invention which is illustrated and described herein in a military setting wherein it offers special utility (though it is not per se dedicated to military use), relates to a layered jacket barrier structure which may be applied as an outside surface coating to an exposed container, such as the tanker container body in a large hydrocarbon fuel-supply truck, and a vehicle's exposed hydrocarbon fuel tank, to effect quick self-sealing against leakage from a container puncture wound, such as a penetrating bullet wound.
  • this coating structure as being a barrier structure that disables a container-penetrating projectile, such as a bullet, from producing an uncontrolled liquid leak from the container. It also relates to methodology which is associated with this barrier coating structure.
  • Such a coating can effectively substantially nullify a combat tactic which involves (a) creating a penetrating bullet wound in such a tank/container, (b) thereby producing flammable fuel leakage typically enhanced by the usual positive residual pressure in that tank, (c) and then, using and firing an incendiary projectile, igniting the leaked fuel to attack the associated vehicle by fire.
  • the layered coating proposed by the present invention which is also referred to herein as a projectile disabling barrier structure, employs two foundation materials, one of which, by itself, is employed as a singularity to form one type of the two different layer types, or structures, employed according to the invention, and the other of which is combined, as an entrained substance, in and with the first-mentioned foundation material to form the second layer type.
  • the second layer type which combines the two materials just generally mentioned, performs with behavior that effectively characterizes a de facto third "type" of material ⁇ in effect, a composite material.
  • One of these mechanisms features significant elasticity furnished by elastic stretch and recovery of a very high-elastic-stretch-capable (about 400% elongation before breakage) elastomer.
  • the elastomer employed to implement this mechanism is also a modest "reaction-time" substance which responds, in the setting now being described, to fuel contact with modest hydrocarbon fuel-imbibing and swelling actions.
  • modest will be characterized herein shortly.
  • Another mechanism employs a layer-embedded pellet, or bead-like, fuel- imbiber material (also called a "reaction" substance) which responds aggressively and quickly to contact with the usual hydrocarbon fuel to undergo a rapid absorption (imbibing) of any leaking fuel, accompanied by a rapid, three-dimensional, physical, synergistic, swollen- volume enlargement (about 300%) because of such absorption.
  • a layer-embedded pellet, or bead-like, fuel- imbiber material also called a "reaction” substance
  • Still a further mechanism involves the use per se of the mentioned bead-like material, which further responds to contact with hydrocarbon fuel in a manner which results in a congealing reaction occurring between absorbed fuel and the imbibing bead material.
  • This congealing reaction can be likened to coagulation, with respect to which there results a tacky, thickened mass of material that tends to coalesce so as to form a very tenacious barrier continuum which contributes significantly to the blockage of outward flow and leakage of fuel from a tank.
  • Yet another mechanism at work in the sealing operation of the invention comes about because of tension which exists in an outer elastomeric material layer that forms part of the invention. This tension leads to enhanced compression of leakage-contact-swollen layer material in the vicinity of a container puncture wound.
  • a unique, multi-layer jacket which includes, fundamentally, the above-mentioned, several, different, individual and composite materials which work in cooperation with one another in accordance with the invention.
  • these other mechanisms and features are (a) that initial tension is built into the outer layer of a plural-layer structure fabricated in accordance with the invention, and (b), that the different layers preferably, though not necessarily, and as initially created, increase in thickness progressing outwardly through the layer structure from the surface of a protected fuel (or other) tank.
  • Fig. 1 is a simplified, small scale, side new of a military vehicle having an exposed fuel tank, the outer surface of which has been treated with a preferred embodiment of the layered barrier coating of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 provides an enlarged, fragmentary, detail view of a portion of the outside of the fuel tank shown in the vehicle of Fig. 1. In particular, it illustrates a situation where a bullet has punctured this tank. Portions of the structure shown in this figure have been broken away for illustrative purposes.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates, fragmentarily, and on a larger scale than that which is employed in Fig. 2, a cross-sectional view taken generally along the line 3-3 in Fig 2.
  • Fig. 4 is a still further enlarged cross-sectional view of the region in Fig. 3 which is bracketed by curved arrows 4-4.
  • certain cross-sectional shading has been omitted for the sake of visual clarity.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate two different modifications of the layer barrier coating pictured in Figs. 2-4, inclusive.
  • Fig. 1 shown generally at 10 in Fig. 1 is a military vehicle which possesses a laterally disposed, exposed steel fuel tank, or container, 12. This tank is covered, at least on its laterally exposed outside surface expanse, by a plural-layer barrier sandwich coating structure 14 which has been constructed in accordance with the present invention.
  • Tank 12 contains liquid hydrocarbon fuel (not specifically shown) which is typically under a certain small amount of pressure (say about 4-5 -psi) which is above normal atmospheric pressure.
  • This elevated pressure which of course exacerbates fuel leakage in the event of a tank puncture, exists for several well-known reasons, one of which, as an illustration, involves normal fuel vapor pressure.
  • container as employed herein is not confined to meaning only a vehicle's fuel tank. It may also apply, as examples, to a conduit, to a fuel-supply tanker, to holding tanks, to rail tanker cars, and to other kinds of liquid containers.
  • Coating 14 in its preferred embodiment, and which is best pictured in Figs 2- 4, inclusive, includes three unified layers, or layer structures, 14a, 14b, 14c.
  • Layer 14a which is also referred to herein (a) as a first-type barrier layer structure, (b) as a bonding layer, and (c) as a leakage-responsive substructure, has a preferable thickness (see t t in Fig. 3) of about 1/8-inches.
  • This layer is directly joined (bonded) to the outside surface of tank 12, and is formed of a suitable high-elasticity, high-tensile-strength, high-tear-resistance elastomer.
  • a very suitable material for layer 14a is a two-component polyurethane elastomer product called TUFF STUFF® FR(with the letters FR standing for fire-resistant), made by Rhino Linings USA, Inc. - - a company based in San Diego, CA. This material is applied, as will later herein be described, by spraying it onto the outside surface of tank 12. It exhibits an elasticity which permits an elastic elongation before "breakage" of about 400%, has a tensile strength of about 1700-1900-psi, and possesses a tear resistance of about 140-150-pli.
  • this "modest" reaction time period extends to up to about 20-minutes relative to a puncture wound.
  • Layer 14b which is also referred to herein (a) as a second-type barrier layer structure, (b) as an expansion layer, and (c) as a leakage responsive substructure, has a preferable thickness (see t 2 in Fig. 3) lying within the range of about 1/8- to about 3/16-inches.
  • This layer is formed as a special composite structure which includes an elastomeric expanse portion Hb 1 (see Fig. 4) formed of the same material used in layer 14a, in which expanse is entrained what is called herein a reaction substance which takes the form of a distribution of small liquid-imbiber beads Hb 2 (see Fig. 4).
  • These beads also referred herein as elemental components, have a strong affinity for rapidly fully absorbing (imbibing) various liquids, such as hydrocarbon fuel, and they swell significantly in volume as a consequence. Rapid full imbibing typically occurs in under about a half-minute.
  • a very suitable imbiber-bead material is the product known as IMB230300 made by Imbibitive Technologies America, Inc. in Midland, MI. These beads preferably are blended in any appropriate manner into the entraining elastomer material to constitute about 20% by weight in the combined material. This combined material for layer 14b is then applied to layer 14a by spraying to achieve the desired thickness mentioned above. While the weight percentage of entrained beads is preferably at the 20% level, a suitable range lies between about 15% and about 25%.
  • Composite layer 14b is characterized by possessing an elasticity which permits an elastic elongation (before breakage) of about 67%, a tensile strength of about 483- psi, and a tear resistance of about 115-pli.
  • Layer 14c which is also referred to herein as a compression layer, has a thickness (see t 3 in Fig. 3) of about 1/4-to about 3/8-inches. It is made of the same material used in layer 14a, and is also spray-formed to the desired thickness on the outside of layer 14b. After application and "curing" of this layer, a certain level of tension exists in this layer. This tension, coupled with the mentioned relatively large thickness, significantly contributes to the ability of layer 14c to produce enhanced sealing compression of underlying layer material in the region of a puncture wound.
  • the three layers which make up coating 14 are preferably differentiated in thickness, progressing outwardly from tank 12 with increasing thicknesses.
  • the tank may be prepared with an appropriate primer, to a thickness of about 3- to about 5- mils, with this primer coating initially presenting a light shine, and entering a curing period of about 45- to about 60-minutes. After the curing period, this primer coating will be dry, but will possess a slight tack surface.
  • Inner layer 14a is first applied simply by appropriate, alternate groups of such successive spray passes utilizing the mentioned elastomeric material.
  • a first round (group) of substantially parallel, linear spray passes may be suitably overlapping lateral left-to-right and right-to-left, followed by a series of laterally overlapping up- to-down and down-to-up vertical passes, and so forth, until the desired inner layer thickness is achieved.
  • Composite layer 14b is then applied by suitably blending the same elastomeric material which has been used in layer 14a with imbiber beads which become entrained in the elastomeric material by the preferred weight contribution mentioned above.
  • layer application is accomplished by successive, alternate groups of horizontal and vertical overlapping spray passes until the desired thickness
  • outer layer 14c is applied via substantially the same horizontal and vertical overlapping spray activities until the desired outer layer thickness develops.
  • Fig. 2-4 inclusive, illustrate that a bullet has penetrated the three layers in coating 14, and has punctured tank 12 to produce a penetration, or puncture, wound 16 in the wall of the tank.
  • layers 14a, 14b, 14c "re-close” upon themselves elastomerically to initiate a fluid seal directly over the tank puncture wound. This is clearly illustrated in Fig. 3, and it comes about especially because of the high intrinsic elasticity in layers 14a and 14c, and in the elastomeric expanse portion 14Jb 1 in layer 14b.
  • Fuel begins to leak through wound 16, as indicated by arrow 18 in Fig. 3, and in the process of leaking comes into contact with the materials present in layers 14a,
  • the composite structure in layer 14b exhibits a significantly greater volumetric swelling rate than that exhibited by the elastomer material alone in layers 14a, 14c.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 in the drawings illustrates each an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
  • Material layers in these two figures are labeled either E for elastomer, or C for combination (composite).
  • the E layers are like layers 14a, 14c in Figs. 2-4, inclusive.
  • Layers C are like layer 14b. These E and C layers are not illustrated in exact thickness-scale relative to one another.
  • the invention thus proposes a unique plural-layer coating (in preferred and various alternative forms) for rapidly sealing, against liquid leakage, a puncture wound in the wall of a liquid container.
  • the coating of the invention responds effectively with both rapid and longer-term sealing actions involving (a) an elastomeric puncture-path, pressure-closure response, (b) a leakage-liquid-imbibing and swelling response, aided by elastomeric response (such as tension in the compression coating layer), to apply sealing pressure which is effective to close a puncture wound, and (c) a coagulation response to create a leakage-blocking coagulant mass which forms a blockage continuum across the path of a puncture wound.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une structure barrière que l'on peut placer comme revêtement anti-fuite de carburant sur la surface extérieure d'un récipient de liquide. Ledit revêtement comporte une structure en couches d'un premier type à base d'un élastomère à allongement élevé qui peut également absorber le liquide fuyant du récipient, et gonfler au cours de ce processus, et une structure en couches d'un second type placée jouxtant un côté de la structure en couches du premier type, de nature composite, et dotée de composants en forme de billes entraînés dans le même élastomère utilisé dans la structure en couches du premier type, ces composants étant également structurés de manière à absorber le liquide fuyant du récipient et à se dilater en absorbant ledit liquide. L'invention concerne également une méthodologie qui consiste à appliquer sur la surface extérieure d'un tel récipient un revêtement possédant des caractéristiques de coopération et de résistance à la pénétration, y compris (a) une caractéristique d'allongement élastique avant rupture comprise entre environ 300 et environ 400 %, et (b) une caractéristique de gonflement au contact de la fuite de liquide, accompagné de la coagulation déclenchée par le contact avec le revêtement/liquide de fuite.
EP05856737A 2004-10-20 2005-05-18 Barriere de protection contre des projectiles et procede associe Withdrawn EP1802459A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US62126304P 2004-10-20 2004-10-20
US62372304P 2004-10-28 2004-10-28
US11/067,525 US7169452B1 (en) 2004-10-20 2005-02-25 Projectile barrier and method
PCT/US2005/017824 WO2006076030A2 (fr) 2004-10-20 2005-05-18 Barriere de protection contre des projectiles et procede associe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1802459A2 true EP1802459A2 (fr) 2007-07-04
EP1802459A4 EP1802459A4 (fr) 2008-11-05

Family

ID=36678039

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05856737A Withdrawn EP1802459A4 (fr) 2004-10-20 2005-05-18 Barriere de protection contre des projectiles et procede associe

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1802459A4 (fr)
CA (3) CA2671382C (fr)
WO (1) WO2006076030A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7900333B2 (en) 2007-04-26 2011-03-08 The Boeing Company Sealing bladderless system and method
ES2769826T3 (es) * 2012-04-03 2020-06-29 Hutchinson Sa Sistema de contención de líquido autosellante con un miembro de absorción de energía interna
DE102020005682B4 (de) 2020-09-17 2022-11-17 Hutchinson Gmbh Kraftstofftank

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3509016A (en) * 1966-02-16 1970-04-28 Goodyear Tire & Rubber Self-sealing fuel cell wall
US3698587A (en) * 1970-06-18 1972-10-17 Goodyear Aerospace Corp Self sealing composite
US4422561A (en) * 1981-05-18 1983-12-27 Imi Marston Limited Fuel tank component
WO1990014222A1 (fr) * 1989-05-18 1990-11-29 Paramount Technical Products Inc. Etancheite pour dechets dangereux
DE19800489A1 (de) * 1998-01-09 1999-07-15 Thomas Prof Dr Mang Polysaccharidhaltige Dichtungszusammensetzung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2671382C (fr) 2010-08-17
EP1802459A4 (fr) 2008-11-05
CA2584694C (fr) 2009-11-03
WO2006076030A9 (fr) 2006-08-17
CA2671382A1 (fr) 2006-07-20
WO2006076030A3 (fr) 2006-11-30
CA2670677A1 (fr) 2006-07-20
CA2584694A1 (fr) 2006-07-20
CA2670677C (fr) 2012-03-20
WO2006076030A2 (fr) 2006-07-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US7169452B1 (en) Projectile barrier and method
US8240502B2 (en) Method for providing a fuel tank assembly
US4352851A (en) Void filler foam fire suppression system
US9266619B2 (en) Method of fabricating a tank having integral restraining elements
US7732028B2 (en) Adhereable, pre-fabricated, self-healing, anti-puncture coating for liquid container
US7393572B1 (en) Anti-leak projectile barrier and method
US20090050629A1 (en) Sealing-reaction, layer-effective, stealth liner for synthetic fuel container
US20020020536A1 (en) Method of extinguishing vehicle fires
US20060185760A1 (en) Connection tube for fuel tank
US20170057342A1 (en) Ballooning Self-Sealing Bladders
CA2671382C (fr) Barriere de protection contre des projectiles et procede associe
US7044166B1 (en) Liquid tank puncture repair kit and method
WO2007044497A2 (fr) Prévention des incendies et des fuites de combustible a l'aide d'un revêtement de surface multifonction
US9169044B2 (en) Methods and apparatus for containing hazardous material
US2404766A (en) Fuel tank
AU2008276186B2 (en) Methods and apparatus for containing hazardous material
US7220455B2 (en) Material-selectable, self-healing, anti-leak method for coating liquid container
CN111546880A (zh) 一种着弹后防漏油油箱及其制备方法
RU91973U1 (ru) Топливный бак для летательного аппарата
GB2048163A (en) Flexible Self-sealing Wall Member
WO2007044077A2 (fr) Barriere anti-fuites contre les projectiles
RU2632244C1 (ru) Устройство для предотвращения или ограничения разлива жидкости из повреждённой ёмкости (варианты)
CN217945014U (zh) 防护型运加油车
WO2014118670A1 (fr) Enveloppe de protection d'un container, son procede de fabrication et ce container qui en est pourvu
US20120177833A1 (en) Method for applying defined-character, anti-projectile, anti-leak barrier coating

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20070502

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: F17C 13/00 20060101ALI20071008BHEP

Ipc: B32B 25/02 20060101AFI20071008BHEP

Ipc: B32B 27/24 20060101ALI20071008BHEP

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
A4 Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched

Effective date: 20081007

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20111010

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20131203