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EP1682842B1 - Canal d'ecoulement pour dispositif de transfert de chaleur et dispositif de transfert de chaleur comprenant de tels canaux d'ecoulement - Google Patents

Canal d'ecoulement pour dispositif de transfert de chaleur et dispositif de transfert de chaleur comprenant de tels canaux d'ecoulement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1682842B1
EP1682842B1 EP04786965.6A EP04786965A EP1682842B1 EP 1682842 B1 EP1682842 B1 EP 1682842B1 EP 04786965 A EP04786965 A EP 04786965A EP 1682842 B1 EP1682842 B1 EP 1682842B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flow
flow passage
structure elements
heat exchanger
rows
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04786965.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1682842A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Geskes
Rainer Lutz
Ulrich Maucher
Martin Schindler
Michael Schmidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle Behr GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Behr GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
Application filed by Behr GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Behr GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP10181882.1A priority Critical patent/EP2267393B1/fr
Publication of EP1682842A1 publication Critical patent/EP1682842A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1682842B1 publication Critical patent/EP1682842B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/40Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only inside the tubular element
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/02Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by influencing fluid boundary
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F28F13/12Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a flow channel for a heat exchanger which can be flowed through by a medium in a flow direction. Furthermore, the invention relates to a heat exchanger with flow channels according to the preamble of claim 32.
  • Flow channels for heat exchangers are from a first medium, eg. B. flows through an exhaust gas or a liquid coolant and define this first medium against a second medium to which the heat of the first medium is to be transmitted, from.
  • a first medium eg. B. flows through an exhaust gas or a liquid coolant and define this first medium against a second medium to which the heat of the first medium is to be transmitted, from.
  • Such flow channels may be tubes with a round cross-section, rectangular tubes, flat tubes or pairs of discs, in which two plates or discs are connected at the edge.
  • the media that are in heat exchange with each other, different, z. B. flows in the pipes a hot, laden with soot particles exhaust gas, and on the outside of the exhaust pipes are flowed around by a liquid coolant, which has different heat transfer conditions on the inside and outside of the tubes result.
  • the winglet pairs of the two half shells are either in the longitudinal direction of the tubes, ie offset in the flow direction against each other ( DE 196 54 367 . DE 196 54 368 ) or facing each other ( DE 195 40 683 ) arranged.
  • the applicant has proposed a heat exchanger, in particular a coolant / air cooler with flat tubes and corrugated fins, in which the flat sides of the flat tubes have a structure consisting of structural elements.
  • the structural elements are elongated, V-shaped arranged in rows transverse to the coolant flow direction and transverse to the longitudinal axis of the tubes and act as a vortex generator to increase the heat transfer on the coolant side.
  • the vortex generators are embossed in both opposite pipe walls and protrude inwards into the coolant flow.
  • the rows of vortex generators on one flat tube side are offset in the flow direction from the rows on the other flat tube side.
  • a flat tube for a motor vehicle radiator which has on its flat sides a structure consisting of individual elongated, arranged in rows structural elements.
  • structural elements Here are in the flow direction rows with differently oriented Structural elements arranged so that the flow is deflected in the interior of the flat tube approximately zig-zag-shaped.
  • the rows are arranged with structural elements on a flat tube side in the flow direction offset from the rows of the opposite flat tube side.
  • a row of structural elements thus faces a smooth area of the flat tube inner wall.
  • the flow within the coolant tube is thus alternately influenced by the structural elements of one and the other flat tube side, but not simultaneously. This is to be avoided, inter alia, a blockage of the pipes.
  • the heat transfer capability there are still potentials here.
  • the structural elements arranged in particular in rows lie substantially opposite one another and the other side of the flow channel, that is, in the direction of flow, are each arranged approximately at the same height.
  • the opposing structural elements or rows can also be offset from each other in the flow direction, but only to the extent that there is still an overlap.
  • structural elements projecting from the one and the other heat exchanger surface and projecting into the flow channel enter the flow and cause a turbulence of the flow, which results in an improvement of the heat transfer on the inside of the flow channel.
  • an exhaust gas flow possibly a soot deposition prevented.
  • the pressure loss keeps within reasonable limits.
  • a row of structural elements is formed in the context of the present invention of one or more structural elements, which are arranged in the flow direction P substantially side by side.
  • Advantageous embodiments of the invention provide various embodiments of the structural elements, which may be rectilinear or curved, ie with a constant or variable outflow angle to the flow direction.
  • the structural elements can be arranged offset within a row, that is, the structural elements are indeed arranged in a direction transverse to the flow direction series, but arranged staggered in the flow direction. This also gives the advantage of a lower pressure loss.
  • knobs and / or webs can be pronounced outwardly or inwardly to achieve a "support” and thus an increase in strength.
  • the vortex generating structures can also take over this function in whole or in part.
  • the substantially opposing heat transfer surfaces and in particular the structural elements arranged thereon are curved.
  • the advantages of the invention are achieved.
  • the substantially opposing heat transfer surfaces heat engineering primary surfaces.
  • the heat transfer surfaces are heat-technical secondary surfaces, which are formed in particular by preferably welded to the flow channel, welded or jammed ribs, webs or the like.
  • the height h of the structural elements is in the range of 2 mm to 10 mm, in particular in the range of 3 mm to 4 mm, preferably by 3.7 mm.
  • the flow channel is Irelandekkig and has a width b, which is in particular in the range of 5 mm to 120 mm, preferably in the range of 10 mm to 50 mm.
  • a hydraulic diameter of the flow channel is in the range of 3 mm to 26 mm, in particular in the range of 3 mm to 10 mm.
  • the aforementioned flow channels are provided as flat, round, oval or rectangular tubes of a heat exchanger, advantageously a Abgastownübertragers.
  • the arrangement of the structural elements according to the invention ie advantageously their impression in the pipe inner walls brings an increase in performance of the heat exchanger with it.
  • Particularly advantageous are the arranged in rows structural elements for exhaust gas heat exchanger, because in this case a soot deposition is avoided in the interior of the flat tubes.
  • the exhaust pipes are surrounded on their outside by a coolant, which is taken from the coolant circuit of the exhaust gases ejecting the engine. It is also possible that the structures are also stamped in plates or slices to produce heat exchangers from them.
  • Fig. 1 shows a simplified representation of a flow channel 1, which is designed as a rectangular tube, a rectangular inlet cross section 2, two opposite flat sides F1, F2 and two opposite narrow sides S1, S2 has.
  • the channel 1 is from a flow medium, for. B. flows through an exhaust gas in the direction of the arrow P.
  • V-shaped vortex generators 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b which cause by generating vortices an increased turbulence of the flow and at the same time - with an exhaust gas flow - prevent soot deposition.
  • This representation corresponds to the aforementioned prior art.
  • the paired V-shaped exhibited, in the flow direction diffuser-like expanding vortex generators 3a, 3b and 4a, 4b are also referred to as winglets.
  • Fig. 2a shows the cross section of a formed as a flat tube flow channel 1, in which both on the upper flat side F1 and on the flat side F2 winglet pairs 5a, 5b and 6a, 6b are arranged.
  • the channel cross-section has a channel height H and a channel width b.
  • the winglets 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b have a height h projecting into the channel cross-section. This arrangement of winglets corresponds to the aforementioned prior art.
  • the designations F1, F2 also apply to the following inventive embodiments.
  • Fig. 2b shows the cross section of a round tube designed as flow channel 1 ', in which both on the upper flat side F1 and on the lower flat side F2 structural elements 13' and 13 are arranged.
  • the channel cross section has a channel height H.
  • Fig. 2c shows the cross section of a formed as a flat tube flow channel 1, in which the heat transfer surfaces F1, F2 thermally represent secondary surfaces, as they do not directly transfer heat from one to the other medium.
  • the heat transfer surfaces have structural elements 13, 13 '.
  • Fig. 3 shows a flow channel according to the invention, which is designed as a flat tube 7, which is partially shown in a plan view.
  • the flat tube 7 has a longitudinal axis 7a, a width b and two rows 8, 9 of V-shaped arranged structural elements or winglets 10, 11, which are embossed both in the top F1 and in the bottom F2 of the flat tube 7, and with the same pattern, so that the top winglet row covers the underlying row.
  • the number of winglets may also be below six, at wider tubes or discs / plates even above eight.
  • the two rows 8, 9 have a distance s to each other, which is measured from center to center and is about 2 times to 6 times the length of the winglets. Between the individual rows, therefore, there is a smooth area in each case, into which, for example, support structures are embossed.
  • the rows of winglets extend over the entire length of the flat tube 7, in each case with the distance s, on both sides of the flat tube 7.
  • Fig. 4 shows a bottom half shell 7b of the flat tube 7 in a view in the direction of the longitudinal axis 7a of the flat tube 7.
  • the half shell 7b has a bottom F2 and two lateral legs 7c, 7d, wherein on the bottom or the bottom F2 winglets 11 'arranged , ie are imprinted in the pipe wall.
  • the upper half shell is not shown; it is mirror-inverted and is longitudinally welded to the lower half-shell 7b on the lateral legs 7c, 7d.
  • the winglets 11 ' have a height h, with which they protrude into the clear cross-sectional area of the flat tube 7.
  • the tube can also be made from a sheet that is formed and welded on one side.
  • the width b of the flat tube is 40 mm or 20 mm, the overall height of the flat tube about 4.5 mm and the height h of the winglets about 1.3 mm.
  • a clear channel height of 4.0 mm With a clear channel height of 4.0 mm, a clear cross-sectional height of 1.4 mm for a core flow remains as a result of the winglets projecting from both sides into the channel cross-section, each with a height of 1.3 mm.
  • the distance s of the rows is about 20 mm.
  • the flat tube 7 is preferably used for per se known exhaust gas heat exchanger (not shown), ie it is traversed on the inside of exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle and on its outside by coolant of a coolant circuit of the internal combustion engine cooled.
  • the outside of the flat tubes 7 - as known from the prior art - be smooth and be kept for example by embossed knobs at a distance with adjacent tubes.
  • FIGS. 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d show individual structural elements which are provided for a structure according to the invention on the flow channels.
  • Fig. 5a shows an elongated structural element 13 with a longitudinal axis 13a, which forms with a reference line q an angle ⁇ , the outflow angle.
  • the flow direction for all representations 5a to 5d is the same in each case and represented by an arrow P.
  • the reference line q is perpendicular to the flow direction P.
  • the structural element 13 has a length L and a width B. The latter can be constant or variable, ie increasing in the direction P.
  • Fig. 5b shows an elongated, but angled structural element 14 with two mutually inclined longitudinal axes 14a, 14b, which enclose with the reference line q each have an angle ⁇ and ⁇ .
  • is referred to here as the angle of attack and ⁇ as the outflow angle.
  • the flow according to the arrow P is thus deflected in two stages, ie initially only slightly and then stronger. This results in a lower pressure drop - compared to a structural element according to Fig. 5a at the same outlet angle ⁇ .
  • the length of the structural element 14 along the longitudinal axes 14a, 14b is denoted by L.
  • Fig. 5c shows an arcuate structural element 15 with a curved longitudinal axis 15a, which corresponds to a circular arc with the radius R.
  • the upstream angle is referred to as the angle of attack ⁇ and the downstream located angle is referred to as the outflow angle ⁇ .
  • the outflow angle ⁇ is referred to as the outflow angle ⁇ .
  • Fig. 5d shows a further embodiment of a structural element 16, which is approximately Z-shaped and also has a Z-shaped extending longitudinal axis 16a.
  • the angle of attack is here denoted by ⁇ , the outflow angle by ⁇ , it corresponds to a flow deflection of (90 ° - ⁇ ), which takes place in the central region of the structural element 16.
  • the inflow and outflow of this structural element takes place practically in the flow direction P. This is a particularly low-pressure deflection of the flow given.
  • the length of the structural element along the longitudinal axis 16a is denoted by L.
  • the Fig. 6a, 6b . 6c, 6d . 6e, 6f . 6g . 6h show arrangement patterns of the structural elements 13 according to FIG Fig. 5a , in rows on a section of a flow channel.
  • Fig. 6a shows the elongated structural elements 13 in a flow channel according to the invention, each arranged in two rows 17, 18, which have a distance s in the flow direction P.
  • the structural elements 13 shown in solid lines are impressed in the upper side F1 of the flow channel.
  • the lower heat exchanger surface or side F2 of the flow channel broken structure elements 13 ', also in rows 19, 20 are arranged.
  • the rows are shown by dashed lines.
  • the structural elements 13 'on the lower surface F2 are opposite to the structural elements 13 on the upper surface F1 aligned opposite, ie they have an opposite outflow angle ⁇ (see. Fig. 5a ) on.
  • the rows 19, 20 offset from the rows 17, 18 in the flow direction P, by the amount f.
  • the structural elements 13 and 13 'and the associated rows 17, 18 19, 20 each have a depth T, ie a Warrekkung in the flow direction P.
  • the offset f is smaller than the depth T, so that between the rows 18, 20 and 17, 19 an overlap Ü remains, which results from the difference of T and f.
  • FIG. 6b shows another pattern of in-line structural elements 13 in a row 21 and a row 22 with different outflow angles ⁇ (not shown) in a non-inventive flow channel.
  • the structural elements 13 in solid lines are embossed in the upper side F1 of the flow channel.
  • On the lower surface F2 of the flow channel are in the flow direction P, dashed at the same height illustrated structural elements 13 'arranged with opposite orientation, so that an upper structural element 13 and an opposite lower structural element 13' in the plan view in each case appear as a cross.
  • the upper row with structural elements 13 is thus not offset from the lower row with structural elements 13 '; the overlap Ü is 100%.
  • Fig. 6c to Fig. 6h show further arrangement patterns of the structural elements 13, 13 'on the upper (shown in solid lines) and the lower (shown broken) side F1, F2 of the flow channel, in a flow channel according to the invention ( Fig. 6c . 6h ) or in a non-inventive flow channel ( Fig. 6d . 6e . 6f . 6g ).
  • Fig. 6h also shows on the outside of the flow channels support elements 13 ", which are arranged in this embodiment adjacent to the structural elements 13, 13 'and in particular within the rows formed by the structural elements 13, 13'
  • the support elements are embossed into the wall of the flow channel
  • the support elements 13 “advantageously have a height that corresponds to the desired distance between two flow channels or between the respective flow channel and a housing wall of a heat exchanger.
  • FIGS. 7a and 7b show further variants of the arrangement of the structural elements 13 in rows, in a non-inventive flow channel.
  • Fig. 7a shows a section of a flow channel with two rows 23, 24 of V-shaped arranged structural elements 13 on the upper side F1.
  • the structural elements 13 are not arranged at constant intervals next to each other, but instead have gaps 25, 26, 27, but are filled on the underside F 2 by structural elements 13 ', so that in the plan view a continuous uniform arrangement of structural elements 13 and 13 'results.
  • This arrangement of "discontinuous" rows 23, 24 and the corresponding rows on the bottom results in a lower pressure drop for the flow in the direction P, because the structural elements - seen in the width direction - only alternately engage from above and below in the flow.
  • Fig. 7b shows a similar patchy arrangement of parallel aligned structural elements 13 on the top F1 in rows 28, 29.
  • the gaps between the structural elements 13 are in turn filled by structural elements 13 'on the bottom F2, wherein the structural elements 13 on the top F1 and the structural elements 13 'on the bottom F2 to a zigzag-shaped arrangement in the plan view.
  • This arrangement is relatively low pressure loss.
  • Fig. 8 shows a further embodiment for the arrangement of structural elements 13 and 13 'in two rows 30, 31 on the upper side F1, in a non-inventive flow channel.
  • the structural elements 13 of the row 30 and the structural elements 13 'of the opposite row (on the bottom F2) are arranged parallel and equidistant from one another.
  • FIGS. 6a, 6b . 7a, 7b and 8th structures with the structural elements 13 were obtained according to FIG Fig. 5a shown.
  • the structural elements 13 can also be replaced by structural elements 14 (in FIG Fig. 5b ), 15 ( Fig. 5c ) or 16 ( Fig. 5d ) be replaced. It would also be possible in a number of different structural elements, eg. B. 13 and 14 to use.
  • Fig. 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d show variants of the structural elements 13, 14, 15, 16 by mirroring, in an inventive flow channel:
  • the flow direction is usually in the direction of the arrow P, wherein the flow of the winglet pairs conventionally takes place at the narrowest point a.
  • These winglet pairs can be arranged side by side in rows, e.g. B. as in the FIGS. 6 to 8 ,
  • 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d show further variations of the structural elements 13, 14, 15, 16 by parallel displacement, in a non-inventive flow channel. This results in double elements 36, 37, 38, 39, each with equal distances a on the arrival and downstream side, the z. B. in the structures according to Fig. 6 to 8 can be integrated.
  • Fig. 11c vary the outflow angle of the structural elements 13, and in Fig. 11d vary the lengths L1, L2 of the structural elements 13.
  • a combination (not shown) of the variants according to Fig. 11b, 11 c, 11 d is also possible. These variations can also occur in the upper and / or lower surface F1 or F2.
  • Fig. 12a shows another structural element 43, which is formed as an angle with two straight legs 43a, 43b, which are connected at their apex by an arc 43c.
  • this structural element 43 constitutes a modification of the winglet pair 32 Fig. 9a
  • the flow is preferably in the direction of vertex 43c, according to the arrow P.
  • Fig. 12b shows a further modification of the structural element pair 34 according to Fig. 9c namely, a structural member 44 having two arcuate legs 44a, 44b joined at apex by a bend 44c.
  • the structural element 44 which is likewise flown in the direction of the apex 44c in accordance with the arrow P, initially causes a small flow deflection, which then amplifies due to the legs 44a, 44b curved into the flow.
  • Fig. 12a and Fig. 12b can be used in all previously shown arrangements where two structures arranged in V-shape can be found again.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (40)

  1. Conduit d'écoulement (1) traversé par un milieu en circulation suivant une direction d'écoulement P, ledit conduit d'écoulement étant prévu pour un échangeur de chaleur comprenant deux surfaces d'échangeur de chaleur (F1, F2) pratiquement opposées, disposées en particulier de façon parallèle et/ou espacées d'une hauteur de conduit H, surfaces d'échangeur de chaleur qui présentent à chaque fois une structure formée par une multiplicité d'éléments de structure disposés les uns à côté des autres, en rangées placées transversalement par rapport à la direction d'écoulement P, et s'engageant dans le conduit d'écoulement, où les éléments de structure présentent à chaque fois une largeur B, une longueur L, une hauteur h, un angle de fuite α ainsi qu'un axe longitudinal, où au moins deux rangées (17, 18, 19, 20) comportant des éléments de structure (13, 13') placés sur des surfaces d'échangeur de chaleur (F1, F2) pratiquement opposées présentent un chevauchement (Ü) de ces éléments les uns sur les autres, où une rangée (17, 18, 19, 20) présente à chaque fois les mêmes éléments de structure (13, 13') et où différents éléments de structure (13, 14, 15, 16), placés en miroir les uns par rapport aux autres et par paires (32, 33, 34, 35), sont disposés les uns à côté des autres, espacés par un intervalle a, caractérisé en ce qu'un élément de structure d'une surface d'échangeur de chaleur se chevauche à chaque fois avec un élément de structure de la surface d'échangeur de chaleur opposée, et en ce que tous les éléments de structure (13, 13') de rangées (17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22) se faisant face sont alignés en sens opposé et présentent en particulier un angle de fuite α de sens opposé.
  2. Conduit d'écoulement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le chevauchement Ü est de 100 %.
  3. Conduit d'écoulement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de structure (13) sont configurés en étant de forme allongée, en particulier de forme rectangulaire, et présentent un axe longitudinal rectiligne (13a).
  4. Conduit d'écoulement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de structure (14) sont configurés en étant de forme allongée et coudée et présentent un axe longitudinal coudé (14a, 14b) qui forme, avec la direction d'écoulement P, l'angle de fuite α et un angle d'attaque β.
  5. Conduit d'écoulement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de structure (15) sont configurés en étant de forme arquée et présentent un axe longitudinal courbe (15a) ayant un rayon R, lequel axe longitudinal forme, avec la direction d'écoulement P, l'angle de fuite α et un angle d'attaque β.
  6. Conduit d'écoulement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de structure (16) sont configurés à peu près en forme de Z et présentent un axe longitudinal (16a) deux fois recourbé et comportant des rayons R1, R2, lequel axe longitudinal forme, avec la direction d'écoulement P, l'angle de fuite α et un angle d'attaque β.
  7. Conduit d'écoulement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de structure (43) sont configurés en forme de V et présentent des branches en V rectilignes (43a, 43b).
  8. conduit d'écoulement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de structure (44) sont configurés en forme de V et présentent dans le sens opposé à la direction d'écoulement, des branches en V recourbées (44a, 44b).
  9. Conduit d'écoulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la hauteur h des éléments de structure (13, 14, 15, 16) est de 20 % à 50 % par rapport à la hauteur de conduit H.
  10. Conduit d'écoulement selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la longueur L des éléments de structure (13, 14, 15, 16) est de 2 fois à 12 fois égale à la hauteur h des éléments de structure.
  11. Conduit d'écoulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'intervalle s compris entre les rangées est de 0,5 fois à 8 fois égal à la profondeur T.
  12. Conduit d'écoulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que l'intervalle s compris à chaque fois entre deux rangées, dans la direction d'écoulement P, est variable.
  13. Conduit d'écoulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de structure (13, 14, 15, 16) présentent une largeur constante B se situant dans la plage allant de 0,1 mm à 60 mm, de préférence dans la plage comprise entre 0,1 mm et 3,0 mm.
  14. Conduit d'écoulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de structure (13, 14, 15, 16) présentent une largeur augmentant dans la direction d'écoulement, entre une largeur de début B1 et une largeur d'extrémité B2, où la largeur de début B1 se situe dans la plage allant de 0,1 mm à 4 mm, la largeur d'extrémité B2 se situant dans la plage allant de 0,1 mm à 6 mm.
  15. Conduit d'écoulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'angle de fuite α se situe dans la plage allant de 20 degrés à 70 degrés, de préférence dans la plage allant de 40 degrés à 65 degrés, et présente en particulier une valeur angulaire comprise entre 50 degrés et 60 degrés.
  16. Conduit d'écoulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 6 et 15, caractérisé en ce l'angle d'attaque β est à chaque fois plus grand que l'angle de fuite α.
  17. Conduit d'écoulement selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le rayon R se situe dans la plage allant de 1 mm à 10 mm, de préférence dans la plage comprise entre 1 mm et 5 mm.
  18. Conduit d'écoulement selon les revendications 5 et 17, caractérisé en ce que les rayons R1 et R2 sont égaux au rayon R.
  19. Conduit d'écoulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisé en ce que différents éléments de structure ou tous les éléments de structure (13, 14, 15, 16) sont disposés en étant espacés d'un intervalle a, transversalement par rapport à la direction d'écoulement, en étant décalés parallèlement les uns aux autres et disposés par paires (36, 37, 38, 39).
  20. Conduit d'écoulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 19, caractérisé en ce qu'un intervalle a formé entre deux éléments de structure peut être variable à l'intérieur d'au moins une rangée.
  21. Conduit d'écoulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 19, caractérisé en ce que l'intervalle a se situe dans la plage allant de 0 mm à 8 mm.
  22. Conduit d'écoulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 21, caractérisé en ce que différents éléments de structure (13) d'une rangée (40) sont décalés les uns par rapport aux autres suivant une valeur f, dans la direction d'écoulement P, où la valeur f est inférieure à la profondeur T des éléments de structure (13), et T est la projection de la longueur L, transversalement par rapport à la direction d'écoulement P.
  23. Conduit d'écoulement selon l'une des revendications 19 ou 22, caractérisé en ce que différents éléments de structure (13) d'une rangée (41) sont disposés de façon non parallèle et présentent un angle de fuite α différent.
  24. Conduit d'écoulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de structure de rangées opposées se touchent, sont assemblés en particulier par soudage ou par brasage.
  25. Conduit d'écoulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que des rangées opposées d'éléments de structure présentent une même profondeur T dans la direction d'écoulement P.
  26. Conduit d'écoulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que des rangées opposées d'éléments de structure présentent des profondeurs T1, T2 différentes dans la direction d'écoulement P.
  27. Conduit d'écoulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces d'échangeur de chaleur pratiquement opposées sont recourbées, les éléments de structure disposés sur lesdites surfaces étant en particulier recourbés.
  28. Conduit d'écoulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces d'échangeur de chaleur pratiquement opposées sont des surfaces primaires ou des surfaces secondaires thermiques, où les surfaces secondaires sont formées en particulier par des ailettes, des barrettes ou des éléments analogues, de préférence brasé(e)s, soudé(e)s ou bloqué(e)s avec le conduit d'écoulement.
  29. Conduit d'écoulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la hauteur h se situe dans la plage allant de 2 mm à 10 mm, en particulier dans la plage comprise entre 3 mm et 4 mm, ladite hauteur étant de préférence à peu près égale à 3,7 mm.
  30. Conduit d'écoulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le conduit d'écoulement est rectangulaire et présente une largeur b qui se situe en particulier dans la plage allant de 5 mm à 120 mm, de préférence dans la plage comprise entre 10 mm et 50 mm.
  31. Conduit d'écoulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un diamètre hydraulique du conduit d'écoulement se situe dans la plage allant de 3 mm à 26 mm, en particulier dans la plage comprise entre 3 mm et 10 mm.
  32. Echangeur de chaleur, en particulier refroidisseur de gaz d'échappement, en particulier pour un véhicule automobile, comportant des conduits d'écoulement pour un fluide, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un conduit d'écoulement est configuré selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.
  33. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 32, caractérisé en ce que les conduits d'écoulement (1) sont conçus comme des tubes plats ou rectangulaires (7) brasés ou soudés, les surfaces d'échangeur de chaleur (F1, F2) étant conçues comme des parois tubulaires plates.
  34. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les conduits d'écoulement sont formés par l'empilement de plaques ou de disques qui présentent des éléments de structure.
  35. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de structure (10, 11) sont formés, en particulier incrustés, dans les parois tubulaires (F1, F2).
  36. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les tubes (7) peuvent être traversés par des gaz d'échappement et peuvent être baignés par un moyen de refroidissement liquide.
  37. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les rangées (8, 9) d'éléments de structure (10, 11) présentent, dans la direction d'écoulement (7a), un intervalle s qui est de 2 fois à 6 fois égal à la longueur L d'un élément de structure.
  38. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que d'autres rangées comportant des éléments de structure se trouvent entre les rangées comportant des éléments de structure, lesquels éléments de structure de ces autres rangées dépassent vers l'extérieur.
  39. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 38, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de structure faisant saillie vers l'extérieur sont des tétons d'appui, des barrettes d'appui ou des éléments d'appui et sont au contact les uns des autres, ou bien sont brasés ou soudés les uns aux autres.
  40. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 38 ou 39, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de structure faisant saillie vers l'extérieur contribuent à l'amélioration du transfert de chaleur.
EP04786965.6A 2003-10-28 2004-09-20 Canal d'ecoulement pour dispositif de transfert de chaleur et dispositif de transfert de chaleur comprenant de tels canaux d'ecoulement Expired - Lifetime EP1682842B1 (fr)

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EP1682842A1 (fr) 2006-07-26
ES2496943T3 (es) 2014-09-22
DE102004045923A1 (de) 2005-05-25
BRPI0415965A (pt) 2007-01-23
US20120067557A1 (en) 2012-03-22
JP2007510122A (ja) 2007-04-19
KR20060101481A (ko) 2006-09-25
BRPI0415965B1 (pt) 2018-06-12
US20070107882A1 (en) 2007-05-17
CN1875240B (zh) 2010-10-13
EP2267393A3 (fr) 2012-07-04
EP2267393A2 (fr) 2010-12-29
WO2005052490A1 (fr) 2005-06-09
CN1875240A (zh) 2006-12-06
EP2267393B1 (fr) 2017-06-28

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