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EP1547651A1 - Dispositif et méthode d'extinction d'incendies en particulier pour des soutes à fret des avions - Google Patents

Dispositif et méthode d'extinction d'incendies en particulier pour des soutes à fret des avions Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1547651A1
EP1547651A1 EP04030216A EP04030216A EP1547651A1 EP 1547651 A1 EP1547651 A1 EP 1547651A1 EP 04030216 A EP04030216 A EP 04030216A EP 04030216 A EP04030216 A EP 04030216A EP 1547651 A1 EP1547651 A1 EP 1547651A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
extinguishing agent
fire
extinguishing
control unit
container
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04030216A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1547651B1 (fr
Inventor
Alexander Dipl.-Ing. Scheidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Operations GmbH
Original Assignee
Airbus Operations GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airbus Operations GmbH filed Critical Airbus Operations GmbH
Publication of EP1547651A1 publication Critical patent/EP1547651A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1547651B1 publication Critical patent/EP1547651B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
    • A62C3/08—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles in aircraft
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
    • A62C99/0018—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using gases or vapours that do not support combustion, e.g. steam, carbon dioxide

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fire extinguishing device, in particular for fire fighting in cargo holds of aircraft, with at least one extinguishing agent receiving extinguishing agent container and a filter unit, wherein the extinguishing agent in the or the extinguishing agent containers via a piping system with extinguishing agent outlet nozzles can be conducted to a fire.
  • the invention relates to a method, in particular for fire fighting in cargo holds of aircraft, containing at least one extinguishing agent Extinguishing agent container and a filter unit, wherein the extinguishing agent in the or the extinguishing agent containers via a piping system with extinguishing agent outlet nozzles is conducted to a fire.
  • the extinguishing agent Halon is at about 25 bar pressure-liquefied stored in suitable extinguishing agent containers in the aircraft, the are closed by sealing membranes. It is located above of the liquid phase halon a nitrogen cushion.
  • the sealing membranes can be by means of an electrically ignitable, pyrotechnic closure system Open so that the extinguishing agent halon into a connected piping system can flow to the source of the fire.
  • the piping system points in Area of potential sources of fire, for example in the cargo area of Aircraft, extinguishing agent outlet nozzles to a wide spray to reach the extinguishing agent.
  • the pyrotechnic closure system is characterized by an electrical ignition signal, for example from an electric switch in the cockpit, remotely triggered.
  • an electrical ignition signal for example from an electric switch in the cockpit, remotely triggered.
  • For fire detection are still in fire-prone areas of the aircraft fire detectors installed, which give appropriate warning signals to the cockpit, so that the Cockpit crew in case of fire quickly the pyrotechnic closure system of the extinguishing agent container can trigger.
  • extinguishing agent for example, halon initially flows unthrottled from a first Extinguishing agent tank over the piping system at the source of the fire until it becomes emptying the first extinguishing agent container, d. H. a pressure equalization has taken place.
  • a high initial concentration of the extinguishing agent achieved, which leads to a rapid suppression or extinguishment of the fire.
  • the second extinguishing agent container is a Water adsorption filter, a particulate filter and a pressure reducer downstream.
  • the pressure reducer reduces the pressure of the outflowing Extinguishing agent, so that only a small, strongly throttled extinguishing agent mass flow from the extinguishing agent container via the piping system to the source of the fire, but ensures that in the fire room at no time a critical Below minimum concentration of the extinguishing agent is exceeded.
  • the pressure reducer is further downstream of a diaphragm for the exact limitation of the Halon trimlactic work aides.
  • the extinguishing agent are always certain impurities in the form of non-volatile Contain substances. These are, for example, oils, fats, solid particles or the like unfavorably located at the location of the Phase change, d. H. preferably in the region of the pressure reducer.
  • a disadvantage of the known Lösch Anlagenen is that in the field of Pressure reducer, due to the low mass flow of the extinguishing agent halon as well as the low temperatures of up to -50 ° C, the impurities of the extinguishing agent Halon knock down and have a negative impact on the control behavior of the pressure reducer, which eventually leads to the total system failure of entire fire fighting equipment can lead.
  • the object of the invention is a system failure of the known Fire-extinguishing equipment due to a strong hypothermia of the pressure reducer and precipitation of extinguishing agent impurities in the area of To avoid pressure reducer.
  • This task is done by the Fire-extinguishing device according to claim 1, according to which the Extinguishing agent from at least one extinguishing agent container by means of a control unit controlled in the piping system can be issued.
  • the object is achieved by a method according to the patent claim 10 solved, according to which first from a first extinguishing agent container, the none of a Control unit controlled valve unit until emptying of the first Extinguishing agent extinguishing agent exits, with an initial extinguishing agent concentration is reached in the room to be protected from fire, for rapid suppression the fire leads and then from a second extinguishing agent container Extinguishing means controlled by the control unit by means of the valve unit in particular is discharged periodically, so that a minimum extinguishing agent concentration in the At no time is the temperature of the room to be protected from fire and below a minimum Reflash the fire is prevented.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a fire extinguishing device 1 according to the invention .
  • the fire extinguishing device 1 is not in this case to those shown in Fig. 1 Variant limited with two extinguishing agent containers. Are conceivable Further variants with three, four, five or even higher number of connected to a pipeline system extinguishing agent containers, wherein at least an extinguishing agent container, the extinguishing agent controlled by a control unit periodically in the room to be protected from fire.
  • an embodiment variant the fire extinguishing device according to the invention with only one Extinguishing agent container possible the extinguishing agent with the highest possible mass flow flows out of the extinguishing agent tank until an initial extinguishing agent concentration A in the room to be protected from fire for the safe suppression of the Fire is reached and then the control unit the extinguishing agent periodically out of the extinguishant container, so that a minimum concentration of minium never fell below in the room to be protected from fire becomes.
  • the fire extinguishing device 1 in accordance with the first embodiment with two extinguishing agent containers essentially comprises a first extinguishing agent container 2, a second extinguishing agent container 3, a control unit 4, a valve unit 5 and a measuring unit 6. Furthermore, a filter unit 7 is provided, for example a water adsorption filter 8 and a solid filter 9 include can.
  • the first and second extinguishing agent containers 2, 3 are via a piping system 10, consisting of the pipes 11 and 12 with the fire before protective space 13 connected.
  • the pipes 11 and 12 are in a connection point 14, for example by means of a tee, merged.
  • the piping system 10th provided with not shown in the drawing extinguishing agent outlet nozzles.
  • the second extinguishing agent container 3 is by means of a pipe section 15 with the filter unit 7 connected. Behind the filter unit 7, a measuring unit 6 is arranged, which with the Filter unit 7 via an unspecified in the illustration of FIG. 1 pipe section connected is.
  • the measuring unit 6, the valve unit 5 is connected downstream, with the measuring unit 6 also via a corresponding, in the illustration of FIG. 1 unspecified pipe section is connected.
  • the valve unit 5 is finally connected via the pipe 12 to the pipe 11 of the piping system 10, which leads to the room to be protected from fire 13.
  • an extinguishing agent 16 which is for example at standard conditions (20 ° C, 1013.25 mbar) gaseous extinguishing agent halon can act.
  • the extinguishing agent 16 stands under overpressure, so that it is in the range of normal room temperatures of the gaseous phase passes into the liquid phase.
  • the extinguishing agent 16 pressurized by means of a nitrogen pad 17.
  • gaseous extinguishing agent Halon can in the fire extinguishing device according to the invention 1 also substitutes are used which have comparable extinguishing properties feature.
  • others are also suitable under atmospheric Pressure gaseous extinguishing agent 16, compared to the extinguishing agent halon have a less ozone-damaging effect and also the greenhouse effect promote less to no.
  • the first and second extinguishing agent containers 2, 3 further comprise closure members 18, which are connected to the piping system 10.
  • the closing organs 18 prevent uncontrolled escape of the extinguishing agent from the first and the second extinguishing agent container 2, 3.
  • the closure members 18 may, for example be formed as membranes, the pyrotechnic means of an electric Ignition pulses are to open once - are blown up, for example - and not resealable.
  • the electric ignition pulse for the one-off Opening of the membranes for example, from the cockpit of an aircraft be emitted remotely via an electric switch.
  • Farther are fire detectors not shown in detail in the area of the fire arranged to be protected space 13. Using the fire alarm is in case of fire an electrical warning signal, for example in the cockpit of an aircraft, remotely transferable to alert the crew in time for a fire, so suitable firefighting measures can be taken.
  • the control unit 4 is connected to the valve unit 5 by means of a control line 19.
  • the measuring unit 6 is in turn via a measuring line 20 to the control unit 4 connected.
  • the measuring unit 6 comprises a temperature sensor 21 and a pressure sensor 22.
  • the temperature sensor 21 and the pressure sensor 22 may be housed in separate housings. The accommodation of the Temperature sensor 21 and the pressure sensor 22 in a housing is not required, but for the sake of weight saving and the System security be recommended.
  • the temperature sensor 21 is the Temperature of the extinguishing agent 16 in the range of the measuring unit 6 measurable and over the measuring line 20 to the control unit 4 transferable.
  • the control unit 4 actuate the valve unit 5, wherein the Valve unit 5, for example, an electrically actuated solenoid valve is formed.
  • an electrically actuated solenoid valve can For example, piezoelectrically actuated valves or other Operating principles based valves are used.
  • the fire detection in the space to be protected from fire 13 by means of already described, but not shown in detail in the drawing fire detector or fire detectors. If the fire detectors emit a warning signal, they will first the closure member 18 of the first extinguishing agent container 2 is opened. thereupon the extinguishing agent 16 located in the first extinguishing agent container 2 flows unhindered through the pipes 11 in the fire-protected space 13 under high Pressure. The extinguishing agent 16 flows out of the extinguishing agent container 2, until a pressure balance between this and the fire to be protected Room 13 has taken place, d. H. until a substantial emptying of the first Extinguishing agent tank 2 is done. This ensures that in the room 13 a high initial extinguishing agent concentration A for rapid suppression of the Brandes sets.
  • the closure member 18 of the second extinguishing agent container 3 is opened.
  • the extinguishing agent 16 from the second extinguishing agent container 3 only when the valve unit 5 is released from the control unit 4, i. is open, allowing a flow of the extinguishing agent 16.
  • the extinguishing agent 16 flows with open valve unit 5 under full pressure from the second Extinguishing agent tank 3, because a pressure reducer is not available.
  • the control unit 4 is by means of the valve unit 5, the influx of the extinguishing agent 16 from the Extinguishing agent tank 3, however, only free if a critical minimum extinguishing agent concentration M is below in the room to be protected from fire 13.
  • the Extinguishing agent container 2, 3 may contain other organs, such as pressure relief valves, ter 2, 3 can other organs, such as pressure relief valves, filling, level indicator, Inspection openings, opening for insertion of sensors, Sight glasses and the like.
  • the control unit 4 determines the control unit 4 constantly the pressure and the temperature of the extinguishing agent 16 in the region of Measuring unit 6. These two parameters are used to calculate the time duration the opening of the valve unit 5 - with otherwise kept constant opening frequency -
  • the control unit 4 by means of a in the illustration of FIG. 1 is not closer represented data processing unit or the like.
  • the sinks Pressure in the second extinguishing agent tank 3 due to increasing emptying must the control unit 4 increase the opening time of the valve unit 5, because the density of the extinguishing agent 16 decreases. To the minimum extinguishing agent concentration M in the room 13, therefore, the opening period of the valve unit 5 must be increased become.
  • the opening period of the valve unit 5 can be reversed again can be increased because the density of the extinguishing agent 16 increases and the minimum extinguishing agent concentration M in the space 13 with a smaller amount of the extinguishing agent 16th can be maintained.
  • the periodic opening of the valve unit 5 takes place a constant frequency, so that the extinguishing agent 16 from the second extinguishing agent container 3 periodically in the to be protected from fire room 13 with high pressure is sprayed or injected.
  • the control unit 4 only varies the duration of the Opening time of the valve unit 5 as a function of the pressure and the temperature values of the extinguishing agent 16, so that ultimately the amount of sprayed or injected extinguishing agent 16 is variable.
  • the opening frequency of the valve unit 5 in dependence to vary from the pressure and the temperature values of the extinguishing agent 16, wherein the time duration of the openings of the valve unit 5 then be constant can.
  • the duration of the openings of the valve unit 5 and at the same time can change the frequency of the openings of the valve unit 5.
  • FIG. 2 shows the typical time profile of an extinguishing agent concentration L in the room 13 to be protected from fire.
  • a fire breaks out in the room 13 to be protected from fire.
  • a high initial extinguishing agent concentration A is reached in the room 13 to be protected from fire, which leads to an immediate suppression of the fire.
  • the rapid achievement of the initial extinguishing agent concentration A in the space 13 is achieved by the unthrottled outflow of the extinguishing agent 16 from the first extinguishing agent tank 2.
  • the space 13 to be protected from fire is, as it were, "flooded" with the extinguishing agent 16.
  • the extinguishing agent concentration L in the room 13 then decreases again steadily, because the valve unit 5 controlled by the control unit 4, the inflow of the extinguishing agent 16 from the second extinguishing agent tank 3 still and extinguished the extinguishing agent 16 from the room 13.
  • the valve unit 5 is opened by means of the control unit 4 and the extinguishing agent 16 flows back into the space 13 until a sufficient suppression extinguishing agent concentration U for safe suppression of the fire in the fire to be protected Room 13 is reached. Up to the minimum extinguishing agent concentration M, a re-ignition of the fire in the room 13 to be protected from fire is not possible.
  • the fire extinguishing device 1 for example, for fire fighting inside a cargo hold in an aircraft is repeated the procedure described above until the aircraft landed safely is. Then the ground fire brigade can take over the further fight against the fire.
  • the fire extinguishing device according to the invention 1 is by no means limited to use in aircraft.
  • the fire extinguishing device 1 according to the invention can for example also for Firefighting be used in closed spaces of any kind, in which Goods or the like are stored. Also conceivable is an application of the invention Fire-extinguishing device 1 in connection with motor vehicles every kind.
  • the fire extinguishing device 1 is only an extinguishing agent container provided, which controls the controlled by the control unit 4 valve unit 5 and the filter unit 7 and the measuring unit 6 are arranged downstream.
  • the initial extinguishing agent concentration A is set by the control unit 4 the Valve unit 5 keeps permanently open until the high initial extinguishing agent concentration A for quick suppression of the fire in the fire to be protected Room 13 is reached.
  • the valve unit 5 according to the above Description text to the first embodiment of the invention Fire extinguishing device 1 intermittently opened by means of the control unit 4 and closed so that the extinguishing agent 16 is periodically and under high pressure in the room 13 can flow.
  • Embodiment of the fire extinguishing device 1 according to the invention are more provided as two extinguishing agent containers, all to a piping system are connected so that the contents of the extinguishing agent container in the piping system can empty.
  • the extinguishing agent container provided with the filter unit 7, the measuring unit 6 and the valve unit 5, the means of the control unit 4, the intermittent release of the extinguishing agent 16th in the piping system or in the space to be protected from fire 13 below high pressure allows.
  • the frequency of the openings of the valve unit 5 remains corresponding to the above Embodiments in the context of the description of the first embodiment the fire extinguishing device 1 according to the invention constant.
  • the opening time the valve unit 5 is dependent on the pressure and the temperature of the Extinguishing agent 16 in the region of the measuring unit 6 of the control unit 4 in correspondence to the above statements in connection with the description the fire extinguishing device 1 according to the invention varies.
  • the method is not based on the use of two extinguishing agent containers limited, but allows the use of any number of extinguishing agent containers connected to a common piping system. At least an extinguishing agent container is to carry out the inventive Method turn the control unit 4 controlling the valve unit 5 and the filter unit 7 and the measuring unit 6 assigned.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
EP04030216A 2003-12-24 2004-12-21 Dispositif et méthode d'extinction d'incendies en particulier pour des soutes à fret des avions Expired - Lifetime EP1547651B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10361020 2003-12-24
DE10361020A DE10361020B4 (de) 2003-12-24 2003-12-24 Feuerlöscheinrichtung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1547651A1 true EP1547651A1 (fr) 2005-06-29
EP1547651B1 EP1547651B1 (fr) 2011-08-24

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04030216A Expired - Lifetime EP1547651B1 (fr) 2003-12-24 2004-12-21 Dispositif et méthode d'extinction d'incendies en particulier pour des soutes à fret des avions

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US7434628B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1547651B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2005185835A (fr)
AT (1) ATE521390T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10361020B4 (fr)

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DATABASE WPI Section PQ Week 198337, Derwent World Patents Index; Class P35, AN 1983-763236, XP002321092 *

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9033061B2 (en) 2009-03-23 2015-05-19 Kidde Technologies, Inc. Fire suppression system and method

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ATE521390T1 (de) 2011-09-15
US7434628B2 (en) 2008-10-14
DE10361020B4 (de) 2010-09-30
US20050139366A1 (en) 2005-06-30
EP1547651B1 (fr) 2011-08-24
DE10361020A1 (de) 2005-08-04
JP2005185835A (ja) 2005-07-14

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