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EP3393606B1 - Installation de reduction d'oxygene et procede de fonctionnement d'une installation de reduction d'oxygene - Google Patents

Installation de reduction d'oxygene et procede de fonctionnement d'une installation de reduction d'oxygene Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3393606B1
EP3393606B1 EP16825425.8A EP16825425A EP3393606B1 EP 3393606 B1 EP3393606 B1 EP 3393606B1 EP 16825425 A EP16825425 A EP 16825425A EP 3393606 B1 EP3393606 B1 EP 3393606B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
oxygen
compressed gas
separation system
outlet
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EP16825425.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3393606B8 (fr
EP3393606A1 (fr
Inventor
Ernst-Werner Wagner
Julian Eichhoff
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Wagner Group GmbH
Original Assignee
Amrona AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Priority claimed from EP15201906.3A external-priority patent/EP3184152B1/fr
Priority claimed from US14/977,755 external-priority patent/US10933262B2/en
Application filed by Amrona AG filed Critical Amrona AG
Publication of EP3393606A1 publication Critical patent/EP3393606A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3393606B1 publication Critical patent/EP3393606B1/fr
Publication of EP3393606B8 publication Critical patent/EP3393606B8/fr
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
    • A62C99/0018—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using gases or vapours that do not support combustion, e.g. steam, carbon dioxide
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an oxygen reduction plant and a method for operating such a plant.
  • An oxygen reduction system of the type according to the invention is used in particular for the controlled reduction of the oxygen content in the atmosphere of an enclosed area.
  • the oxygen reduction system has a gas separation system for providing an oxygen-reduced gas mixture or an inert gas and a line system which is or can be connected in terms of flow to the gas separation system and to the enclosed area in order to supply at least part of the gas mixture or gas provided by the gas separation system to the enclosed area as required.
  • the method or the system according to the invention serves, for example, to reduce the risk and to extinguish fires in a shelter to be monitored, whereby the enclosed space is permanently inerted or can be permanently inerted at different reduction levels for fire prevention or fire fighting.
  • the publication EP 1 913 980 A1 relates to an inerting device for setting and maintaining predeterminable inerting levels in a protective space to be monitored.
  • the inerting device has a controllable inert gas system for providing inert gas, a supply pipe system connected to the inert gas system, which can be connected to the protective space in order to supply the inert gas provided by the inert gas system to the protective space, and an inert gas system control unit which is designed to control the inert gas system in such a way that an inert gas rate provided by the inert gas system assumes a value which is suitable for setting and/or maintaining a first predeterminable inerting level in the protective space.
  • the publication EP 1 913 978 A1 also relates to an inerting device for setting and maintaining predeterminable inerting levels in a protective room to be monitored.
  • the inerting device has a controllable inert gas system for providing inert gas, a first supply pipe system connected to the inert gas system, which can be connected to the protective room in order to supply the inert gas provided by the inert gas system to the protective room, and a control unit which is designed to control the inert gas system in such a way that a predeterminable inerting level is set and maintained in the protective room.
  • EP 2 233 175 A1 also concerns an inert gas system for fire prevention.
  • the basic principle of inerting technology for fire prevention is based on the knowledge that in enclosed spaces that are only occasionally entered by humans or animals and whose furnishings are sensitive to the effects of water reacts, the fire hazard can be countered by reducing the oxygen concentration in the affected area to a value of, for example, around 15 vol. With such a (reduced) oxygen concentration, most flammable materials can no longer ignite.
  • the main areas of application for this inerting technology for fire prevention are therefore also IT areas, electrical switch and distribution rooms, enclosed facilities and storage areas with particularly high-value assets.
  • the fire prevention effect resulting from this process is based on the principle of oxygen displacement.
  • Normal ambient air is known to consist of 21 vol.% oxygen, 78 vol.% nitrogen and 1 vol.% other gases.
  • the oxygen content in the atmosphere of the enclosed space is reduced by introducing an oxygen-displacing gas such as nitrogen. It is known that a fire prevention effect already begins when the oxygen content falls below the oxygen content in normal ambient air.
  • an oxygen-displacing gas such as nitrogen.
  • a fire prevention effect already begins when the oxygen content falls below the oxygen content in normal ambient air.
  • a further reduction in the oxygen content to, for example, 12 vol.% may be necessary.
  • Another example of application for the oxygen reduction system according to the invention or the method according to the invention is the provision of training conditions for hypoxia training in an enclosed space in which the oxygen content is reduced.
  • training under artificially created altitude conditions is possible, which is also referred to as "normobaric hypoxia training".
  • CA Controlled Atmosphere
  • An oxygen reduction system of the type mentioned above is known in principle from the state of the art.
  • the publication DE 198 11 851 A1 an inerting system is described which is designed to reduce the oxygen content in an enclosed space to a certain basic inerting level and, in the event of a fire, to rapidly reduce the oxygen content further to a certain full inerting level.
  • basic inerting level refers to an oxygen content that is reduced compared to the oxygen content of normal ambient air, although this reduced oxygen content does not pose any danger to people or animals, so that they could - at least for a short time - still enter the permanently inerted area without any problems, i.e. without special protective measures such as oxygen masks.
  • the basic inerting level corresponds, for example, to an oxygen content in the enclosed area of 15 to 17 vol.%.
  • full inertization level refers to an oxygen content that is further reduced compared to the oxygen content of the basic inertization level, at which the flammability of most materials is already reduced to such an extent that they can no longer ignite.
  • the full inertization level is usually around 12 to 14 vol.% oxygen concentration.
  • an appropriate inert gas source In order to equip an enclosed area with an oxygen reduction system, an appropriate inert gas source must be provided in order to be able to provide the oxygen-reduced gas mixture or inert gas to be introduced into the enclosed space.
  • the delivery capacity of the inert gas source i.e. the amount of inert gas that can be provided by the inert gas source per unit of time, should be adapted to the properties of the enclosed area, in particular to the volume of the space and/or the airtightness of the enclosed area.
  • the oxygen reduction system is used as a (preventive) fire protection measure, it must be ensured in particular that in the event of a fire, a sufficient quantity of inert gas can be introduced into the room atmosphere of the enclosed area within the shortest possible time so that an extinguishing effect occurs as quickly as possible.
  • oxygen-reduced gas mixture or inert gas to be introduced into the enclosed area if necessary could be stored in a high-pressure cylinder battery or similar compressed gas storage facility, in practice it has become common practice to "produce on site" at least part of the oxygen-reduced gas mixture to be provided by the inert gas source, particularly because the storage of inert gas in gas cylinder batteries or similar compressed gas storage facilities requires special structural measures.
  • the inert gas source In order to be able to "produce" at least part of the oxygen-reduced gas mixture or inert gas to be provided by the inert gas source on site, the inert gas source generally has - in addition to a high-pressure cylinder battery or similar compressed gas storage - a gas separation system in which at least part of an oxygen contained in an initial gas mixture supplied to the gas separation system is separated, so that an oxygen-reduced gas mixture is provided at an outlet of the gas separation system.
  • initial gas mixture used here is generally understood to mean a gas mixture which, in addition to the oxygen component, also contains nitrogen and possibly other gases (e.g. noble gases).
  • nitrogen and possibly other gases e.g. noble gases.
  • Normal ambient air for example, can be used as an initial gas mixture, i.e. a gas mixture which consists of 21 vol.% oxygen, 78 vol.% nitrogen and 1 vol.% other gases.
  • part of the room air contained in the enclosed area is used as the initial gas mixture, with fresh air preferably being added to this room air portion.
  • the gas separation system is used in particular to maintain a reduced oxygen content in the atmosphere of an enclosed space at the appropriate level. Accordingly, the delivery capacity of the gas separation system, ie the amount of the oxygen-reduced gas mixture that can be made available per unit of time at the outlet of the gas separation system, is particularly adapted to the tightness of the room envelope of the enclosed area, so that appropriate holding flooding can be achieved via the gas separation system.
  • the usual oxygen reduction systems are usually equipped with a compressed gas storage unit in addition to the gas separation system, in which an oxygen-reduced gas mixture or inert gas is stored in compressed form.
  • the gas mixture or inert gas stored in this compressed gas storage unit is used in particular to quickly reduce the oxygen content in the corresponding enclosed area in order to quickly reduce the oxygen concentration in the event of a fire.
  • the present invention is based on the problem that after the triggering of a conventional oxygen reduction system, i.e. when the oxygen-reduced gas mixture or inert gas stored in compressed form in the pressure gas storage tank has been introduced into the enclosed space for rapid or initial reduction, an exchange of the then emptied or partially emptied pressure gas storage tank with a full pressure gas storage tank is unavoidable in order to ensure that a rapid reduction can be realized again at a later point in time with the oxygen reduction system in accordance with a predetermined sequence of events.
  • the present invention is based on the object of developing an oxygen reduction system of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the ongoing operating costs when operating the oxygen reduction system can be further reduced without impairing the effectiveness or efficiency of the oxygen reduction system.
  • an oxygen reduction system which has at least one gas separation system for providing an oxygen-reduced gas mixture as required at an outlet of the gas separation system and a compressed gas storage device for storing an oxygen-reduced gas mixture or inert gas in compressed form.
  • the compressed gas storage device is or can be connected in terms of flow to at least one enclosed area via a line system in order to supply at least a portion of the gas mixture or inert gas stored in the compressed gas storage device to the at least one enclosed area as required.
  • the outlet of the gas separation system is or can be connected in terms of flow to an inlet of the compressed gas storage device or to the at least one enclosed space as required in order to supply the gas mixture provided at the outlet of the gas separation system to the compressed gas storage device and/or the at least one enclosed area as required.
  • the gas separation system has a dual function.
  • the gas separation system is used to refill at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage unit if necessary.
  • the gas separation system can subsequently be used to refill the compressed gas storage unit or at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage unit with a reduced oxygen gas mixture, it is no longer necessary to replace the compressed gas storage unit or at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage unit or even to refill it using an external system.
  • the solution according to the invention is therefore particularly suitable for enclosed areas that are difficult to access, such as in remote areas.
  • the compressed gas storage unit or the compressed gas container(s) of the compressed gas storage unit can now be transported and set up even when empty, which makes transport and installation much easier.
  • the compressed gas storage unit or the compressed gas container(s) of the compressed gas storage unit is then filled with a reduced-oxygen gas mixture for the first time on site using the gas separation system before commissioning.
  • a compressor system is connected upstream of the gas separation system, via which an initial gas mixture to be supplied to the gas separation system is compressed accordingly
  • the degree of compression of the initial gas mixture is 1 to 2 bar or 8 to 10 bar.
  • other compressions are also conceivable.
  • the gas separation system is designed to separate at least a portion of the oxygen contained in the supplied initial gas mixture.
  • the gas separation system is designed to be operated either in a VPSA mode or in a PSA mode.
  • initial gas mixture used here is generally understood to mean a gas mixture which, in addition to the oxygen component, also contains nitrogen and possibly other gases, such as noble gases.
  • nitrogen and possibly other gases such as noble gases.
  • Normal ambient air for example, can be used as an initial gas mixture, i.e. a gas mixture which consists of 21 vol.% oxygen, 78 vol.% nitrogen and 1 vol.% other gases.
  • part of the room air contained in the enclosed area is used as the initial gas mixture, with fresh air preferably being added to this room air portion.
  • a gas separation system operated in a VPSA mode is generally understood to be a system that operates according to the vacuum pressure swing absorption (VPSA) principle for providing nitrogen-enriched air.
  • VPSA vacuum pressure swing absorption
  • such a VPSA system is preferably used as the gas separation system in the oxygen reduction system, although it is operated in a PSA mode if necessary.
  • PSA pressure swing absorption
  • pressure swing absorption technology which is usually referred to as pressure swing absorption technology.
  • the degree of compression of the initial gas mixture caused by the compressor system upstream of the gas separation system is increased accordingly.
  • the degree of compression is increased, in particular to a value which depends on the quantity of the oxygen-reduced gas mixture to be provided per unit of time.
  • the increase in the compression of the initial gas mixture carried out by the compressor system occurs in particular in the event of a fire, i.e. when, for example, a fire characteristic is detected in the room atmosphere of the enclosed area, or when, for another reason, the oxygen content in the room atmosphere of the enclosed area needs to be further reduced in the short term compared to a previously set or maintained oxygen content.
  • the increase in the compression carried out by the compressor system also occurs, for example, when the compressed gas storage unit or the compressed gas container(s) of the compressed gas storage unit need to be refilled with a gas mixture with reduced oxygen.
  • the gas separation system is intended to have at least one nitrogen generator or several nitrogen generators connected in parallel.
  • the at least one nitrogen generator is, for example, a nitrogen generator operated according to the PSA or VPSA technology.
  • a nitrogen generator based on the PSA/VPSA technology has at least one adsorber container with adsorber material which is designed to adsorb oxygen molecules when an oxygen-containing gas is passed through the adsorber container.
  • the gas separation system can also have at least one nitrogen generator based on membrane technology.
  • a nitrogen generator usually uses a membrane system that takes advantage of the fact that different gases diffuse through certain materials at different speeds. It is conceivable to use a hollow fiber membrane with a separation material applied to the outer surface of the hollow fiber membrane, through which oxygen can diffuse very well, whereas nitrogen has only a low diffusion rate for this separation material. If air flows through the inside of a hollow fiber membrane prepared in this way, the oxygen contained in the air diffuses quickly through the hollow fiber wall to the outside, while the nitrogen remains largely in the is held inside the fiber so that the nitrogen is concentrated as it passes through the hollow fiber.
  • the gas separation system is designed as a mobile system which can be removed from the oxygen reduction system if required.
  • the oxygen reduction system further comprises a compressor system upstream of the gas separation system for compressing an initial gas mixture to be supplied to the gas separation system. It is conceivable to design the compressor system upstream of the gas separation system as a mobile system which can be removed from the oxygen reduction system and/or the gas separation system as required.
  • a compressor system is provided between the outlet of the gas separation system and the inlet of the compressed gas storage device for compressing, as required, the oxygen-reduced gas mixture provided at the outlet of the gas separation system and to be supplied to the compressed gas storage device or the compressed gas container or containers of the compressed gas storage device.
  • the compressor system provided between the outlet of the gas separation system and the inlet of the compressed gas storage device as a mobile system which can be removed from the oxygen reduction system and/or the gas separation system as required.
  • a line system is provided via which the outlet of the gas separation system is optionally connected or connectable in terms of flow to an inlet of the compressed gas storage device and/or to the at least one enclosed area.
  • the line system can thereby correspond at least in some areas to the line system via which the compressed gas storage device is or connectable in terms of flow to the at least one enclosed area.
  • the line system via which the outlet of the gas separation system is optionally connected to an inlet of the compressed gas storage device and/or to the at least one enclosed area is fluidically connected or connectable, be designed at least partially as a mobile system which can be removed from the oxygen reduction system and/or the gas separation system if required.
  • the oxygen reduction system further comprises a valve system with a first valve arrangement, wherein the first valve arrangement is designed to form and/or separate a flow connection between the outlet of the gas separation system and the inlet of the compressed gas storage device.
  • the oxygen reduction system further comprises a valve system with a second valve arrangement, wherein the second valve arrangement is designed to form and/or separate a flow connection between an outlet of the compressed gas storage device and the at least one enclosed region.
  • the oxygen reduction system further comprises a valve system with a third valve arrangement, wherein the third valve arrangement is designed to form and/or separate a flow connection between the outlet of the gas separation system and the at least one enclosed region.
  • valve system of the above-mentioned various embodiments of the oxygen reduction system according to the invention can be designed at least partially as a mobile system which can be removed from the oxygen reduction system and/or the gas separation system as required.
  • the compressed gas storage device has at least one inlet and at least one outlet, wherein the inlet of the compressed gas storage device and the outlet of the compressed gas storage device are connected to the interior of the compressed gas storage device via a connector piece.
  • the connector piece can be designed as a connector piece that is common to the at least one inlet and the at least one outlet.
  • the connector piece can be designed as a T- or Y-piece.
  • the connector piece can be formed in a container valve of the compressed gas storage device.
  • a pilot connection on the container valve serves as the inlet for the compressed gas storage tank. Pilot connections are normally used to trigger one compressed gas container in series with the next. If triggered in parallel, their function is lost.
  • the oxygen reduction system further comprises a control device for the preferably coordinated control of controllable components of the oxygen reduction system.
  • the control device is designed to control a valve system of the oxygen reduction system in such a way that the outlet of the gas separation system is only fluidly connected to the inlet of the compressed gas storage device when there is no fluid connection between the outlet of the compressed gas storage device and the at least one enclosed area and/or no fluid connection between the outlet of the gas separation system and the at least one enclosed area.
  • the oxygen reduction system further comprises a sensor unit for coordinating the provision of the oxygen-reduced gas mixture at the outlet of the gas separation system, for coordinating the supply of the oxygen-reduced gas mixture provided at the outlet of the gas separation system to the compressed gas storage, for coordinating the supply of the oxygen-reduced gas mixture provided at the outlet of the gas separation system to the at least one enclosed area and/or for coordinating the supply of the oxygen-reduced gas mixture or inert gas stored in the compressed gas storage to the at least one enclosed area.
  • the oxygen reduction system has at least one pressure sensor assigned to the compressed gas storage device for the on-demand or continuous detection of a preferably static and/or dynamic gas pressure of the oxygen-reduced gas mixture or inert gas stored in the compressed gas storage device.
  • the oxygen reduction system has at least one pressure sensor assigned to the at least one enclosed area for the on-demand or continuous detection of a preferably static gas pressure in the room atmosphere of the enclosed area.
  • the oxygen reduction system has at least one pressure sensor for detecting a preferably dynamic and/or static gas pressure at the inlet of the compressed gas storage, in particular when supplying the gas mixture provided at the outlet of the gas separation system to the compressed gas storage.
  • the oxygen reduction system has at least one temperature sensor assigned to the compressed gas storage device for the on-demand or continuous detection of a temperature of the oxygen-reduced gas mixture or inert gas stored in the compressed gas storage device.
  • the oxygen reduction system has at least one sensor assigned to the gas separation system for the on-demand or continuous detection of a residual oxygen concentration in the oxygen-reduced gas mixture provided at the outlet of the gas separation system.
  • the at least one gas separation system has a first operating mode in which, as required, an oxygen-reduced gas mixture is supplied to the compressed gas storage device or to at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage device, and a second operating mode in which, as required, an oxygen-reduced gas mixture is supplied to at least one enclosed area, wherein the first and second operating modes are preferably adjustable by a control device and even more preferably automatically, in particular optionally automatically, by a control device.
  • the at least one gas separation system is preceded by a compressor system assigned, wherein the upstream compressor system has a first operating mode in which, if required, an oxygen-reduced gas mixture is supplied to the compressed gas storage device or to at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage device, and a second operating mode in which, if required, an oxygen-reduced gas mixture is supplied to at least one enclosed area, wherein the first and second operating modes are preferably adjustable by a control device and even more preferably automatically, in particular optionally automatically, by a control device.
  • the outlet of the gas separation system is connected or can be connected to a first collecting line via a valve.
  • the first collecting line and/or the valve are designed as a mobile system which can be removed from the oxygen reduction system and/or the gas separation system as required.
  • the compressed gas storage device has a plurality of compressed gas containers that are spatially separated from one another and connected in parallel to one another, each with at least one, preferably one container valve.
  • a first line section is provided for preferably each of the plurality of compressed gas containers, via which the respective container valve of the compressed gas container is fluidly connected to a first collecting line.
  • the container valve of preferably each of the plurality of compressed gas containers is preferably fluidly connected to a second collecting line via a second line section.
  • the second collecting line is or can be fluidly connected to the at least one enclosed area via a valve, in particular a region valve.
  • the second collecting line and/or the valve are designed as a mobile system that can be removed from the oxygen reduction system and/or the gas separation system as required.
  • a control device is provided which is designed to preferably automatically and even more preferably optionally automatically control the corresponding To control valve arrangements assigned to the oxygen reduction system in a coordinated manner such that the outlet of the at least one gas separation system can be fluidly connected to the inlet of at least one compressed gas container if there is a fluid connection between the outlet of at least one further compressed gas container and the at least one enclosed region.
  • a control device is provided which is designed to control, preferably automatically and even more preferably optionally automatically, corresponding valve arrangements assigned to the oxygen reduction system in a coordinated manner such that upon detection of a previously defined or definable minimum pressure and/or upon falling below a previously defined or definable minimum pressure in at least one of the compressed gas containers, a flow connection is selectively formed between the inlet of the at least one compressed gas container and the outlet of the gas separation system.
  • At least one compressed gas container is assigned a backflow preventer, in particular in the form of a check valve, for blocking a gas flow from a line system running between the compressed gas container and the enclosed area to the compressed gas container.
  • At least one compressed gas container is assigned a backflow preventer, in particular in the form of a check valve, for blocking a gas flow from the compressed gas container to a line system running between the outlet of the at least one gas separation system and the compressed gas container.
  • At least one of the plurality of compressed gas containers has a container valve with a preferably pneumatically actuated quick-release valve arrangement for forming, as required, a flow connection between the corresponding compressed gas container and a line system running between the compressed gas container and the enclosed area. It is conceivable in this context if the valve function of the quick-release valve arrangement can be switched off if necessary, in particular if the outlet of the gas separation system is or is to be connected to the inlet of the compressed gas container.
  • the gas separation system has a first gas separator, for example in the form of a nitrogen generator, and at least one further, second gas separator, for example also in the form of a nitrogen generator.
  • first gas separator is designed as a stationary gas separator, with the at least one second gas separator being designed as a mobile gas separator.
  • the first and the at least one second gas separator are each designed as stationary gas separators. It is also conceivable if the first and the at least one second gas separator are each designed as mobile gas separators.
  • a sensor device for monitoring the residual oxygen content of the oxygen-reduced gas mixture provided at the outlet of the gas separation system. It is conceivable here if a control device is provided which is designed to supply the oxygen-reduced gas mixture provided at the outlet of the gas separation system to the compressed gas storage device or at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage device only if the residual oxygen content of the oxygen-reduced gas mixture provided at the outlet of the gas separation system does not exceed a predetermined or definable threshold value.
  • the nitrogen concentration of the oxygen-reduced gas mixture that can be provided at the outlet of the gas separation system can be switched between at least two predefined or definable values. It is conceivable here if the gas separation system is designed to provide an oxygen-reduced gas mixture with a first nitrogen concentration at the outlet of the gas separation system, if the oxygen-reduced gas mixture provided at the outlet of the gas separation system is to be supplied to the at least one enclosed area, and an oxygen-reduced To provide a gas mixture with a second nitrogen concentration when the oxygen-reduced gas mixture provided at the outlet of the gas separation system is to be supplied to the compressed gas storage unit or to at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage unit.
  • the first nitrogen concentration is lower than the second nitrogen concentration.
  • the second nitrogen concentration is at least 99 vol.%.
  • a compressor system is provided between the outlet of the gas separation system and the inlet of the compressed gas storage device in order to compress, as required, the oxygen-reduced gas mixture provided at the outlet of the gas separation system and to be supplied to the compressed gas storage device or at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage device.
  • Such compression is required, for example, when the pressure of the gas mixture provided at the outlet of the gas separation system is not sufficient to achieve the compression desired for storing the gas mixture in the compressed gas storage device.
  • the compressor system which is provided as required to further compress the oxygen-reduced gas mixture provided at the outlet of the gas separation system and to be supplied to the compressed gas storage unit or at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage unit, is preferably designed as a mobile system which can be completely removed from the oxygen reduction system as required and in particular when filling of the compressed gas storage unit or at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage unit is not required or is not carried out.
  • the compressor system designed as a mobile system is mounted or can be mounted on a transport pallet or the like with a construction that can be moved and/or loaded using a floor conveyor, e.g. a pallet truck or forklift, in order to enable the compressor to be removed from the oxygen reduction system as easily as possible.
  • a floor conveyor e.g. a pallet truck or forklift
  • the design of the compressor system as a mobile system allows this compressor system to be used in different oxygen reduction systems, possibly even those located far away from each other. in order to compress the oxygen-reduced gas mixture to be fed into a pressure gas storage tank to be filled as required.
  • the oxygen-reduced gas mixture is provided in particular by a gas separation system, wherein the compressed gas storage device is in particular a compressed gas cylinder or a compressed gas cylinder battery.
  • the compressed gas storage device it is also possible for the compressed gas storage device to have any external shape, taking into account the spatial conditions on site, thus ensuring optimal utilization of the available space volume.
  • the gas separation system or only the gas separation system is designed as a mobile system which can be (locally) removed from the oxygen reduction system if required.
  • the oxygen reduction system has a valve system with a first, a second and a third valve arrangement.
  • the first valve arrangement is designed to form or separate a flow connection between the outlet of the gas separation system and the inlet of the compressed gas storage device as required.
  • the second valve arrangement of the valve system is designed to form or separate a flow connection between the outlet of the compressed gas storage device and the at least one enclosed area as required, while the third valve arrangement is designed to form or separate a flow connection between the outlet of the gas separation system and the at least one enclosed area as required.
  • the oxygen reduction system preferably has a control device.
  • This control device is designed in particular to control the individual valve arrangements of the valve system in such a way that the outlet of the gas separation system is only fluidly connected to the inlet of the compressed gas reservoir or to the inlet of at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas reservoir if there is no fluid connection between the outlet of the compressed gas reservoir and the at least one enclosed area and/or if there is no fluid connection between the outlet of the gas separation system and the at least one enclosed area.
  • This control device is designed in particular to control the individual valve arrangements of the valve system in such a way that the outlet of the gas separation system is only fluidly connected to the inlet of the compressed gas reservoir or to the inlet of at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas reservoir if there is no fluid connection between the outlet of the compressed gas reservoir and the at least one enclosed area and/or if there is no fluid connection between the outlet of the gas separation system and the at least one enclosed area.
  • two or even three separate control devices can be provided: one for establishing or disconnecting the connection between the outlet of the gas separation system and the compressed gas storage or at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage (refilling control) and one or two further ones for establishing or disconnecting the connections between the outlet of the compressed gas storage and the enclosed space (control of the initial or rapid lowering and full inertization) and between the outlet of the gas separation system and the enclosed space (control of the basic inertization or maintaining an oxygen concentration in the enclosed space).
  • a sensor unit is assigned to the control device.
  • the sensor unit is designed with at least one pressure sensor and/or at least one temperature sensor.
  • the pressure sensor and/or the temperature sensor is used to determine the state, in particular, the filling state or degree of filling of the compressed gas storage device or at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage device is measurable.
  • a temperature increase can occur in the compressed gas storage device or in at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage device, which results in an incomplete filling of the compressed gas storage device with an oxygen-reduced gas mixture as a result of a subsequent decrease in temperature after refilling and an associated decrease in pressure.
  • the control device controls the discharge of oxygen-reduced gas mixture from the compressed gas storage device, so that damage to the compressed gas storage device is prevented.
  • the at least one gas separation system and/or the upstream compressor system has a first operating mode and a second operating mode in order to supply oxygen-reduced gas mixture to the compressed gas storage or at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage and/or to the at least one enclosed area as required.
  • a first operating mode and a second operating mode in order to supply oxygen-reduced gas mixture to the compressed gas storage or at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage and/or to the at least one enclosed area as required.
  • the first and second operating modes can thus be carried out individually or both operating modes simultaneously by means of a separate gas separation system.
  • the gas separation system or the operating mode of the at least one gas separation system and/or the upstream compressor system can preferably be controlled by the control device, in particular automatically.
  • the filling of the compressed gas storage or at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage with oxygen-reduced gas mixture usually takes place with a higher nitrogen concentration. of the oxygen-reduced gas mixture than is necessary for the oxygen-reduced gas mixture which is supplied to the enclosed area.
  • the oxygen-reduced gas mixture with a high nitrogen concentration, preferably with a nitrogen concentration of 99.5 vol.%, generated in the first operating mode of the gas separation system can be used to refill the compressed gas storage tank.
  • this oxygen-reduced gas mixture generated in the first operating mode of the gas separation system can simultaneously be used to supply the enclosed area with oxygen-reduced gas mixture as required, which can be diluted to a sufficient nitrogen concentration, in particular a nitrogen concentration of 95 vol.%, for this purpose.
  • the control device offers the possibility of operating the gas separation system in a second operating mode, wherein oxygen-reduced gas mixture with a sufficient nitrogen concentration, preferably a nitrogen concentration of 95 vol.%, is made available for supply to the enclosed area.
  • the flow connection between the outlet of the gas separation system and the enclosed area in conjunction with the third valve arrangement can be used as a bypass.
  • the bypass preferably comprises a suitable orifice in order to reduce the nitrogen concentration of the oxygen-reduced gas mixture to be introduced into the enclosed area to a sufficient level, for example by mixing it with the initial gas mixture.
  • the compressed gas storage device has a plurality of spatially separated compressed gas containers connected in parallel with at least one, preferably one, container valve.
  • a first and a second manifold are provided.
  • the outlet of the gas separation system is connected or can be connected to the first manifold via a valve, while a first line section is preferably provided for each of the plurality of compressed gas containers, via which the respective container valve of the one or more compressed gas containers is fluidly connected to the first manifold.
  • the container valve of preferably each of the plurality of compressed gas containers is also fluidly connected to the aforementioned second manifold via a second line section.
  • the second manifold itself is fluidly connected or can be connected to the at least one enclosed area via a valve, in particular a region valve.
  • the valve via which the outlet of the gas separation system is or can be connected to the first manifold forms the aforementioned first valve arrangement.
  • the valve via which the second manifold is or can be connected in terms of flow to the at least one enclosed area is part of the second valve arrangement if the oxygen reduction system is assigned to several enclosed areas. If, on the other hand, the oxygen reduction system is assigned to only a single enclosed area, the valve via which the second manifold is or can be connected in terms of flow to the at least one enclosed area forms the second valve arrangement.
  • compressed gas containers in the form of compressed gas cylinders or with any geometric external shape are connected to one another in terms of flow, for example via flexible hose connections or rigid connections, such as pipe connections, with a common container valve being provided for each combination of several compressed gas containers to form a unit.
  • this provides the possibility of optimal use of the individually available space volume, whereby the number of container valves to be controlled can be reduced as required.
  • the oxygen reduction system according to the invention is particularly suitable for reducing the oxygen content in the room atmosphere or keeping it at a reduced value in several spatially separated areas. Therefore, according to a development of the present invention, the oxygen reduction system is assigned to a plurality of spatially separated areas, wherein the aforementioned second valve arrangement has an assigned valve (in particular a section valve) for each of the plurality of areas, via which the second manifold is or can be connected in terms of flow to the corresponding area in order to supply an oxygen-reduced gas mixture or inert gas to this area as required.
  • the control device controls the individual valve arrangements in a coordinated manner such that the outlet of the at least one gas separation system can be fluidly connected to the inlet of at least one compressed gas container if the outlet of at least one further, different compressed gas container is fluidly connected to the at least one enclosed area. Consequently, the control device, in particular in connection with the sensor unit, is designed to selectively fill compressed gas containers with oxygen-reduced gas mixture while oxygen-reduced gas mixture from further compressed gas containers can be supplied to the at least one enclosed area.
  • the control device is designed such that upon detection of a previously determinable minimum pressure and/or falling below a previously determinable minimum pressure in at least one of the plurality of compressed gas containers or the compressed gas storage, a flow connection between the outlet of the gas separation system and the affected compressed gas container or the compressed gas storage is selectively present or can be established.
  • the minimum pressure can be freely selected and serves to mark the at least partial or complete emptying of a compressed gas container.
  • the control device can thus determine a user-defined status or threshold value for refilling a compressed gas container or the compressed gas storage based on the minimum pressure and, if necessary, initiate a corresponding refill.
  • control device detects leaks, e.g. of the compressed gas storage tank, if the control device detects a minimum pressure or a drop below this in at least one of the compressed gas containers using the sensor unit and refilling of the compressed gas container with oxygen-reduced gas mixture is started by the control device, preferably automatically.
  • the invention is not only limited to an oxygen reduction system, but also relates to a method for operating an oxygen reduction system, in particular an oxygen reduction system of the type described above according to the invention.
  • the method provides that an oxygen-reduced gas mixture or inert gas is first stored in a compressed gas storage tank.
  • an oxygen-reduced gas mixture or inert gas is first stored in a compressed gas storage tank.
  • at least part of the oxygen in the compressed gas storage tank or in at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage device in compressed form is supplied to the enclosed area by fluidly connecting the compressed gas storage device or at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage device to the enclosed area.
  • an oxygen-reduced gas mixture provided at an outlet of a gas separation system is supplied to the enclosed area in a controlled manner by fluidly connecting the outlet of the gas separation system to the enclosed area.
  • the compressed gas storage or at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage is at least partially refilled by supplying the gas mixture or inert gas compressed in the compressed gas storage, namely by fluidly connecting the outlet of the gas separation system to the compressed gas storage or to the at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage.
  • the gas mixture or inert gas stored in compressed form in the compressed gas storage device or in the at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage device is supplied to the enclosed area in such a way that the oxygen concentration in the enclosed area does not fall below a first value that is predetermined or can be predetermined, in particular depending on the fire load of the enclosed area, and does not exceed a second value that is also predetermined or can be predetermined, wherein the second value is smaller than the value of the oxygen concentration in the normal atmosphere and larger than the first value.
  • the oxygen-reduced gas mixture provided at the outlet of the gas separation system is supplied to the enclosed area in a controlled manner in such a way that that the oxygen concentration in the enclosed area does not fall below the first value predetermined or determinable, in particular depending on the fire load of the enclosed area, and does not exceed the second value predetermined or determinable.
  • the first and second predetermined or definable values of the oxygen concentration correspond to lower and upper limits of a basic inerting level of the enclosed area.
  • the oxygen-reduced gas mixture provided at the outlet of the gas separation system is only supplied to the enclosed area in a controlled manner if it is verified during or after the initial lowering or rapid lowering, preferably automatically, in particular with the aid of at least one fire detector, and/or manually, in particular by actuating a corresponding switch, that there is no fire in the enclosed area.
  • the oxygen content in the room atmosphere of the enclosed area is further reduced, namely by supplying at least part of the gas mixture or inert gas stored in compressed form in the compressed gas storage device or in at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage device to the enclosed area, namely by fluidly connecting the compressed gas storage device or the at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage device to the enclosed area.
  • the oxygen content in the room atmosphere of the enclosed area is further reduced until the oxygen concentration in the enclosed area reaches a pre-determined or determinable target concentration, which corresponds to a nitrogen concentration that is at least as high as an extinguishing gas concentration dependent on the fire load of the enclosed room.
  • the pre-determined or determinable oxygen target concentration in the enclosed area preferably corresponds to a full inerting level.
  • the compressed gas storage device or at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage device is preferably at least partially refilled during this holding flooding, namely by fluidly connecting the outlet of the gas separation system to the compressed gas storage device or to the at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage device.
  • the enclosed area is monitored for the occurrence of at least one fire parameter, preferably continuously or at predetermined times or events.
  • at least the initial or rapid reduction is preferably initiated automatically as soon as at least one fire parameter is detected.
  • a control device which is particularly designed to coordinate or monitor the filling of the compressed gas storage device or at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage device.
  • the at least partial refilling of the compressed gas storage unit or of the at least one compressed gas container of the compressed gas storage unit can also be carried out in particular while the reduced oxygen content in the enclosed area is maintained and/or the oxygen content in the enclosed area is further reduced.
  • This aspect of the invention is based on the knowledge that when filling the compressed gas storage unit, in particular when it is designed in the form of a compressed gas cylinder battery, various conditions must be met in order to correctly and safely fill the individual compressed gas cylinders of the cylinder battery with the gas provided by the gas separation system.
  • the at least one control device is preferably a combined hardware/software device.
  • Input signals such as sensor measurements or user configuration inputs, can be processed by the at least one control device and calculated using control software, e.g. WAGNER OxyControl ® .
  • the control device can comprise a programmable logic controller (PLC), such as is available as S7 from Siemens AG, Kunststoff, or as type 750 from WAGO Kunststofftechnik GmbH, Minden.
  • PLC programmable logic controller
  • an additional fire alarm control panel is provided as a secondary control device.
  • the fire alarm control panel is configured to receive fire alarm data from corresponding fire detectors, process fire alarm data and signal a fire alarm.
  • An exemplary fire alarm control panel can be obtained from Labor Strauss Sich réellesanlagenbau GmbH, Vienna, Austria. Both the control device and the fire alarm control panel can be configured to respond in the event of potentially dangerous conditions, e.g. smoke, fire or critical oxygen concentrations.
  • a sensor unit is assigned to the control device.
  • the sensor unit preferably has at least one pressure sensor and/or at least one temperature sensor.
  • the pressure sensor and/or the temperature sensor measure the state, in particular the fill level or the degree of fill of the compressed gas storage device.
  • the oxygen-reduced gas mixture produced in a first operating mode of the gas separation system with a high nitrogen concentration preferably with a nitrogen concentration of 99.5 vol.%
  • this gas mixture produced in a first operating mode of the gas separation system can be used to simultaneously provide the enclosed area with an oxygen-reduced gas mixture, wherein the oxygen-reduced gas mixture is then diluted to a nitrogen concentration of, for example, 95 vol.%.
  • control device offers the possibility of operating the gas separation system in a second operating mode in which an oxygen-reduced gas mixture with an effective nitrogen concentration, preferably a nitrogen concentration of 95 vol.%, is provided, which can be supplied to the enclosed area.
  • the flow connection between the outlet of the gas separation system and the enclosed area can be used as a bypass in conjunction with a valve arrangement.
  • the bypass preferably comprises a suitable orifice for reducing the nitrogen concentration of the oxygen-reduced gas mixture to be fed to the enclosed area to an effective level, or e.g. a mixing chamber in which the oxygen-reduced gas mixture is mixed with an initial gas mixture.
  • first gas separation system in a first operating mode to refill the compressed gas storage tank and preferably to operate the other gas separation system in parallel in a second operating mode to supply the enclosed area with an oxygen-reduced gas mixture in an effective nitrogen concentration. It is conceivable to provide either a common or an individual upstream compressor system for each of the gas separation systems.
  • a system in which the compressed gas storage device has a plurality of spatially separated compressed gas containers which are parallel to one another and preferably each connected to at least one container valve.
  • a first and a second collecting line are provided.
  • the outlet of the gas separation system is connected to the first collecting line via a valve or can be connected to it, while a first line section is provided for preferably each of the several compressed gas containers, via which the respective container valve is fluidically connected to the first collecting line.
  • the container valve of preferably one of the plurality of compressed gas containers is also connected via a second line section connected to the second collecting line already mentioned.
  • the second collecting line itself is or can be connected in terms of flow to the at least one enclosed area via a valve, in particular a section valve.
  • the valve to which the outlet of the gas separation system is connected or can be connected to the first manifold forms the aforementioned first valve arrangement.
  • the valve through which the second manifold can be connected or fluidically connected to the at least one enclosed area is part of the second valve arrangement if the oxygen reduction system is assigned to several closed areas. If, on the other hand, the oxygen reduction system is assigned to only a single enclosed area, the valve through which the second manifold is or can be fluidically connected to the at least one enclosed area forms the second valve arrangement.
  • the schematically illustrated first exemplary embodiment of the oxygen reduction system 100 according to the invention is characterized in particular by the fact that it has a gas separation system 102 and, in addition to this, a compressed gas storage unit 105.
  • the gas separation system 102 and the compressed gas storage unit 105 together form the "inert gas source" of the oxygen reduction system 100.
  • a compressor system 101 is connected upstream of the gas separation system 102 in order to compress the initial gas mixture to be supplied to the gas separation system 102 accordingly.
  • the gas separation system 102 can be adjusted to a required nitrogen concentration and the necessary amount of oxygen-reduced gas.
  • the outlet of the gas separation system 102 i.e. the output of the gas separation system 102 at which the oxygen-reduced gas mixture or nitrogen-enriched gas mixture is provided, is fluidically connected or connectable to an enclosed space 107 via a first line system and is connected or connectable to the aforementioned compressed gas storage device 105 via an additional, second line system.
  • a first valve arrangement 104 is provided in the second line system, i.e. in the line system which connects the outlet of the gas separation system 102 to the compressed gas storage device 105.
  • a further valve arrangement 109 is provided in the line system which fluidically connects the outlet of the gas separation system 102 to the enclosed space 107.
  • Another valve arrangement 106 is arranged in a line system which connects the compressed gas storage 105 to the enclosed area 107. In this way, the compressed gas storage 105 can be fluidly connected to the enclosed area 107 if required.
  • the oxygen reduction system 100 is preferably assigned a control device 10 in order to be able to control the individual valve arrangements 104, 106 and 109 in a coordinated manner.
  • the control device 10 is preferably also assigned a sensor unit with at least one pressure sensor and/or at least one temperature sensor, which are provided in particular in and/or on the compressed gas storage device. For the sake of clarity, the representation of the sensor unit in the FIGS. 1 to 4 waived.
  • the control device 10 is designed to control the individual valve arrangements 104, 106 and 109 in such a way that the outlet of the gas separation system 102 is preferably only fluidically connected or connectable to the inlet of the compressed gas reservoir 105 when there is no fluidic connection between the outlet of the compressed gas reservoir 105 and the at least one enclosed area 107, ie when the third valve arrangement 106 is closed.
  • the control device 10 is designed in such a way that the outlet of the gas separation system 102 is preferably only fluidically connected or connectable to the compressed gas reservoir 105 via the first valve arrangement 104 when there is no fluidic connection between the outlet of the gas separation system 102 and the enclosed area 107, i.e. when the second valve arrangement 109 is closed.
  • the oxygen reduction system 100 in particular the control device 10, in such a way that the outlet of the gas separation system 102 can be connected to the inlet of the compressed gas storage device 105 via the first valve arrangement 104 and to the enclosed area 107 via the second valve arrangement 109 at the same time as required.
  • a further compressor system 103 is provided, which is arranged in the line system that connects the outlet of the gas separation system 102 to the compressed gas container 105.
  • the oxygen-reduced gas mixture provided at the outlet of the gas separation system 102 can be further compressed if required, so that it can then be stored in the desired compressed form in the compressed gas container 105.
  • a compressed gas bottle or bottle battery is used as the compressed gas container, it is advantageous if the further compressor system 103 compresses the oxygen-reduced gas mixture provided at the outlet of the gas separation system 102 to up to 300 bar.
  • the oxygen reduction system 100 shown schematically differs from that shown in FIG. 1 schematically illustrated embodiment in particular in that the oxygen reduction system 100 according to the in FIG. 2 illustrated embodiment is not only assigned to a single enclosed area 107, but to a plurality of enclosed areas 107a, 107b.
  • the oxygen reduction system 100 is thus designed as a so-called multi-area system.
  • the pressure gas storage 105 comprises a plurality of spatially separated, parallel-connected pressure gas containers 105a, 105b, 105c, 105d.
  • These compressed gas containers are, for example, commercially available high-pressure cylinders (300 bar cylinders).
  • the individual compressed gas containers 105a to 105d are connected in parallel to one another in order to be able to supply the gas mixture stored in compressed form in these compressed gas containers 105a to 105d to the enclosed area(s) 107a, 107b as quickly as possible when required.
  • a first collecting line 110 and a second collecting line 111 are used.
  • the first collecting line 110 can be connected in terms of flow to the outlet of the gas separation system 102 via the first valve arrangement 104.
  • valve arrangement is used in the FIG. 2 In the oxygen reduction system 100 shown, a further valve arrangement is used to connect the outlet of the gas separation system 102 to the first enclosed area 107a and/or the second enclosed area 107b as required.
  • this valve arrangement has a total of two valves 109a and 109b, each of which is designed as a section valve and is assigned to one of the corresponding enclosed areas 107a, 107b.
  • the second collecting line 111 already mentioned can also be connected in terms of flow to the corresponding enclosed areas 107a, 107b via corresponding section valves 106a, 106b.
  • These valves 106a, 106b are preferably also designed as section valves.
  • each compressed gas container 105a to 105d is provided with a corresponding container valve 108 (cf. FIG. 3 ).
  • Each container valve 108 of the compressed gas containers 105a to 105d is fluidly connected via a first line section on the one hand to the first collecting line 110 and via a second line section on the other hand to the second collecting line 111.
  • each container valve 108 of the compressed gas containers 105a to 105d is assigned a connector piece 113, in particular in the form of a T- or Y-piece, via which the corresponding first line section on the one hand and the corresponding second line section on the other hand are fluidically connected to the corresponding container valve 108 or the interior of the compressed gas container 105a to 105d.
  • the container valves 108 of the compressed gas containers 105a to 105d are each designed as a quick-release valve arrangement, in particular as a pneumatically actuated quick-release valve arrangement, in order to form a flow connection between the corresponding compressed gas container 105a to 105d and the second manifold if required. It is advantageous if the valve function of the quick-release valve arrangement can also be switched off if required, in particular if the outlet of the gas separation system 102 is or is to be connected to the inlet of the corresponding compressed gas container 105a to 105d for the purpose of refilling.
  • At least one backflow preventer 112 is provided between the container valve 108 of the corresponding compressed gas containers 105a to 105d and the first and/or second collecting line 111, and in particular the first and/or second line section, in order to block a gas flow from the second collecting line 111 back to the compressed gas containers 105a to 105d and/or from the compressed gas containers 105a to 105d to the first collecting line 110.
  • the two backflow preventers 112 can be provided directly on a connector piece 113, in particular a T-piece, and can be connected in terms of flow to the container valve 108 of the respective compressed gas container 105a to 105d.
  • the inlet of the compressed gas reservoir and the outlet of the compressed gas reservoir are connected to the interior of the compressed gas reservoir via a preferably common connector piece 113.
  • a preferably common connector piece 113 it is basically ensured that that when the quick-release valve arrangements are triggered, no backflow can occur from the second manifold 111 into one of the compressed gas containers 105a to 105d, for example if there is a lower pressure in one of the compressed gas containers 105a to 105d compared to the other compressed gas containers.
  • FIG. 4 The schematically illustrated embodiment differs from the embodiment in FIG. 2 in particular by further compressed gas containers 105e to 105f, which can be fluidly connected to the outlet of the gas separation system via a further valve of the first valve arrangement 104.
  • the control device in the sense of the present invention is designed to control several valves of the first valve arrangement 104 accordingly.
  • a further first collecting line 110 and a further second collecting line 111 are provided for the further compressed gas containers 105e to 105f shown.
  • Each of the further compressed gas containers 105e to 105f is also assigned a container valve 108 with a connector piece 113, in particular in the form of a T- or Y-piece, via which the corresponding first line section on the one hand and the corresponding second line section on the other hand can be fluidically connected to the respective container valve 108 or the interior of the further compressed gas containers 105e to 105f.
  • the further second collecting line 111 can also be connected in terms of flow to the corresponding enclosed areas 107a, 107b via corresponding section valves 106c, 106d. These valves 106c, 106d are preferably also designed as section valves.
  • the further compressed gas containers 105e to 105g and the compressed gas containers 105a to 105d can be used preferably independently of one another, controlled or regulated by the control device 10.
  • the refilling of the further compressed gas reservoirs 105e to 105g after a rapid lowering and/or initial lowering can be carried out, while at the same time the compressed gas reservoirs 105a to 105d are fluidly connected to the enclosed areas 107a, 107b in order to ensure a to maintain or further reduce the reduced oxygen content in the enclosed areas 107a, 107b.
  • the pressure gas containers 105a to 105d can also be refilled with oxygen-reduced gas mixture from the gas separation system 102, whereby the other pressure gas containers 105e to 105g are connected in parallel to the enclosed areas 107a, 107b in terms of flow.
  • the use of further pressure gas containers 105e to 105g is not limited to the FIG. 4
  • the system is not limited to the number of compressed gas containers shown, but can be supplemented as required by additional compressed gas containers or additional, independently controllable combinations of several compressed gas containers.
  • multi-stage inerting is also advantageously possible.
  • the oxygen concentration is initially reduced to a basic inerting level using the compressed gas containers 105a to 105d, and this level is maintained, for example, by introducing an oxygen-reduced gas mixture produced by the gas separation system 102 into the enclosed area 107.
  • a check is carried out again, for example using fire detectors or a visual inspection, to determine whether there is still a fire. If there is no longer a fire, the basic inerting level is maintained for a further definable or specified period of time to prevent reignition. If there is still a fire, however, the oxygen concentration is reduced to a full inerting level using the additional compressed gas containers 105e to 105g and maintained at this level using the gas separation system 102.
  • At least a portion of the gas mixture or inert gas stored in compressed form in the compressed gas reservoir 105 or in at least one compressed gas container 105a-g of the compressed gas reservoir 105 is supplied to the enclosed area 107a, 107b in such a way that the oxygen concentration in the enclosed area 107a, 107b does not fall below a first value that is predetermined or can be predetermined, in particular depending on the fire load of the enclosed area 107a, 107b, and does not exceed a second value that is also predetermined or can be predetermined, wherein the second value is smaller than the value of the oxygen concentration in the normal atmosphere and greater than the first value.
  • the oxygen-reduced gas mixture provided at the outlet of the gas separation system 102 is supplied to the enclosed area 107a, 107b in a controlled manner such that the oxygen concentration in the enclosed area 107a, 107b does not fall below the first value that is predetermined or can be determined, in particular depending on the fire load of the enclosed area 107a, 107b, and does not exceed the second value that is also predetermined or can be determined.
  • the first and second predetermined or definable values of the oxygen concentration correspond to lower and upper limits of a basic inerting level of the enclosed area.
  • the oxygen-reduced gas mixture provided at the outlet of the gas separation system 102 is only supplied to the enclosed area 107a, 107b in a controlled manner if during or after the initial lowering or rapid lowering, preferably automatically, in particular with the aid of at least one fire detector 118, and/or manually, in particular by actuating a corresponding switch, it is verified that there is no fire in the enclosed area 107a, 107b.
  • the oxygen content in the room atmosphere of the enclosed area 107a, 107b is further reduced by supplying at least part of the gas mixture or inert gas stored in compressed form in the compressed gas storage device 105 or at least part of the gas mixture or inert gas stored in at least one compressed gas container 105a-g of the compressed gas storage device 105 to the enclosed area 107a, 107b by fluidly connecting the compressed gas storage device 105 or the at least one compressed gas container 105a-g of the compressed gas storage device 105 to the enclosed area 107a, 107b.
  • the oxygen content in the room atmosphere of the enclosed area 107a, 107b is further reduced until the oxygen concentration in the enclosed area reaches a pre-determined or definable target concentration, which corresponds to a nitrogen concentration that is at least as high as an extinguishing gas concentration dependent on the fire load of the enclosed room 107a, 107b.
  • the pre-determined or definable oxygen target concentration in the enclosed area 107a, 107b preferably corresponds to a full inerting level.
  • At least partial refilling of the compressed gas storage 105 or refilling of at least one compressed gas container 105a-g of the compressed gas storage 105 preferably takes place, namely by fluidly connecting the outlet of the gas separation system 102 to the compressed gas storage 105 or to at least one compressed gas container 105a-g of the compressed gas storage 105.
  • the enclosed area 107a, 107b is monitored for the occurrence of at least one fire parameter, preferably continuously or at predetermined times or events.
  • at least the initial or rapid reduction is preferably initiated automatically as soon as at least one fire parameter is detected.
  • FIG. 5a shows a block diagram to illustrate various exemplary connections of the controller 10 to components of the oxygen reduction system 100 according to an embodiment.
  • the controller 10 receives inputs via various sensors.
  • the sensor unit designated with the reference numeral "114" provides the controller 10 with data from a temperature sensor 115 and a pressure sensor 116, which are located in, on or on a compressed gas container 105.
  • the controller 10 can effect a more precise refill in response to a temperature-dependent pressure increase in the compressed gas container 105.
  • the pressure sensor 116 enables the controller 10 to detect a pressure drop in the compressed gas container 105, which can be a trigger condition for starting the refill.
  • the oxygen sensor 117 supplies values of an oxygen concentration measurement in the enclosed area 107a, 107b to the control device 10, thereby enabling control of the activation or deactivation of the gas separation system 102 and/or the upstream compressor system 101 depending on the current oxygen concentration.
  • An optional fire alarm control panel 121 can also be connected to the control device 10 to trigger a fire alarm mode of the control device 10, the fire alarm mode comprising, for example, triggering the extinguishing mode of the oxygen reduction system.
  • the extinguishing mode comprises lowering the oxygen concentration in the enclosed area 107a, 107b to a basic or full inerting level.
  • a fire detector 118 which in this case is an aspirating smoke detector to enable earliest detection of smoke in the enclosed area 107a, 107b, is configured to provide alarm information to the fire alarm control panel 121 when smoke or a fire is detected in an enclosed area 107a, 107b.
  • the control device 10 and the fire alarm control panel 121 are configured to trigger the alarm means 119.
  • control device 10 Via a user interface 120 it is possible to display information available in the control device 10, for example status or alarm information, and to carry out user inputs intended for the control device 10, for example configuration inputs.
  • the control device 10 is also connected to an upstream compressor system 101 in order to activate or deactivate this compressor system 101, or to increase or decrease the compression level of the upstream compressor system 101.
  • control device 10 is connected to a downstream compressor system 103 to activate this compressor system 103 for refilling the compressed gas container 105 and to deactivate it when the refilling is complete.
  • control device 10 is connected to valves 104, 106 and 109 and can change the open or closed position of the valves 104, 106 and 109.
  • Fig. 5b shows in a grouped overview the components of the Fig. 5a as well as the communication directions between the control device 10 and the other connected components.
  • the control device 10 exchanges signals with the sensor unit 114, which in this embodiment comprises at least one temperature sensor 115 for measuring and/or monitoring the temperature of the compressed gas storage device 105, at least one pressure sensor 116 for measuring and/or monitoring the pressure of the compressed gas storage device 105, at least one oxygen sensor 117 for measuring and/or monitoring the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere of the enclosed area 107a, 107b and at least one oxygen sensor 122 for measuring and/or monitoring the residual oxygen concentration at the outlet of the gas separation system 102.
  • the sensor unit 114 which in this embodiment comprises at least one temperature sensor 115 for measuring and/or monitoring the temperature of the compressed gas storage device 105, at least one pressure sensor 116 for measuring and/or monitoring the pressure of the compressed gas storage device 105, at least one oxygen sensor 117 for measuring and/or monitoring the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere of the enclosed area 107a, 107b and at least one oxygen sensor 122 for measuring and/or monitoring the residual oxygen concentration at the outlet of the gas separation system 102.
  • the control device 10 also exchanges signals with the fire alarm control panel 121, which in turn communicates with at least one fire detector 118 in order to report a fire detected by a fire detector 118, for example to a control center or the control device 10 of the oxygen reduction system.
  • the fire alarm control panel 121 also controls alarm means 119a in order to alert people to the fire.
  • the alarm means 19a can be, for example, flashing lights, light fields and/or horns.
  • the control device 10 also exchanges signals with the gas separation system 102, for example switching it on or off or querying the status of the Gas separation system 102.
  • FIG. 6 shows a flow chart of an exemplary control sequence for controlling an oxygen reduction system, as used for example in FIG. 1 shown.
  • the left branch of FIG. 6 shows a sequence for initial lowering and/or maintaining an oxygen-reduced concentration in the enclosed areas 107a, 107b (basic inerting mode).
  • the right branch of FIG. 6 shows a sequence for fire detection, fire extinguishing ("fully linertized” mode) and refilling of the compressed gas containers 105a to 105d.
  • the control device 10 During operation of the oxygen reduction system, the oxygen concentration in the enclosed area 107a, 107b is continuously measured and the measurement data is transmitted to the control device 10. When a predetermined maximum oxygen concentration is reached, the control device 10 opens the valve 109a and starts the upstream compressor system 101, i.e. upstream of the gas separation system 102, as well as the gas separation system 102 in order to supply the enclosed area 107a with an oxygen-reduced gas mixture. As soon as a predetermined minimum concentration of oxygen is reached, the control device 10 stops the upstream compressor system 101 and the gas separation system 102 and closes the valve 109a.
  • the control device 10 stops the upstream compressor system 101 and the gas separation system 102 and closes the valve 109a.
  • the minimum and maximum concentrations can be individually set and stored in the controller 10.
  • An exemplary minimum concentration could be 17.0 vol.% and an exemplary maximum concentration could be 17.4 vol.%, which would correspond to a typical baseline inerting range.
  • Another example includes lower and upper limits at 14.0 vol% and 14.4 vol%, which would correspond to a typical full inerting range.
  • the minimum and maximum concentrations can also be variably defined for a day and a night mode, where the day mode represents a time of high human traffic in the enclosed area, which requires a higher oxygen concentration, and where the night mode represents a time when few or no people enter the enclosed area, which would allow a lower oxygen concentration to increase fire protection efficiency.
  • the fire detection could be implemented with aspirating smoke detectors, which makes it possible to implement a very useful, reliable and visually appealing fire alarm system.
  • the detection signal is transmitted from the fire alarm control panel 121 to the control device 10.
  • control device 10 opens the valve 106a and triggers the pressurized gas containers 105a to 105d in order to 111 and the valve 106a to be discharged, so that the oxygen-reduced gas mixture stored in the pressure gas containers 105a to 105d quickly enters the enclosed area 107a and thereby extinguishes the fire.
  • the extinguishing or full inerting mode is terminated by closing the valve 106a.
  • Refilling begins automatically or manually by opening the valve 104 and starting the downstream compressor system 103.
  • the container pressure is continuously measured and the measurement data is fed to the control device 10.
  • the compressed gas containers 105a to 105d are refilled until the pressure reaches a predetermined maximum.
  • the pressure measurements are subject to temperature compensation. This is done by measuring both pressure and temperature in the compressed gas containers 105a to 105d and by calculating a standardized pressure in accordance with thermodynamic formulas.
  • the minimum and maximum pressure can be individually set and stored in the control device 10.
  • Refilling is completed by stopping the downstream compressor system 103 and closing the valve 104 by the control device 10.
  • the system then returns to a mode in which the system is sensitive to fire alarm signals issued for the enclosed areas 107a, 107b, i.e., returns to a standby for further rapid setback or full inerting in the event of reignition or renewed fire.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiments of the oxygen reduction system 100 shown schematically in the drawings, but results from a synopsis of all features disclosed herein.
  • an intermediate storage facility is provided directly at the outlet of the gas separation system in order to temporarily store the oxygen-reduced gas mixture provided at the outlet of the gas separation system.
  • the oxygen reduction system 100 it is intended to use a gas separation system (nitrogen generator) that is already stationary and to also keep the required additional downstream high-pressure compressor (compressor system 103) stationary or to provide it in a mobile manner.
  • gas separation system nitrogen generator
  • compressor system 103 high-pressure compressor
  • a stationary gas separation system could be supported by a mobile gas separation system, because otherwise the stationary gas separation system would have to be designed larger just for a possible refilling in order to generate the necessary delivery capacity.
  • the possibility of providing two stationary gas separation systems one for holding flooding, one for refilling is also conceivable in principle.
  • the nitrogen concentration of the oxygen-reduced gas mixture available at the outlet of the gas separation system can be switched.
  • the nitrogen is introduced into the room at a nitrogen concentration of around 95 vol.%, but for filling at least 98 vol.%, preferably at least 99 vol.%, is desirable in order to optimize the number of gas pressure vessels.
  • cylinder temperature In addition to the pressure of the gas stored in the compressed gas storage tank (cylinder pressure), it is advantageous to monitor the temperature of the compressed gas storage tank (cylinder temperature). This not only serves for temperature-compensated pressure measurement or filling, but if a maximum temperature is exceeded, filling is interrupted in order to protect the cylinder valves.
  • the temperature can be measured using magnetic thermocouples on the outer wall of the cylinders, for example.
  • the temperature is preferably measured at at least two points on the compressed gas storage tank, namely at the coldest and the warmest point.
  • the coldest and the warmest point can be previously determined by tests or estimated based on the ambient conditions, e.g. based on cool wall surfaces or radiators.
  • the temperature at the coldest point is then used for temperature-compensated pressure measurement or filling, while the measurement at the warmest point is intended to prevent exceeding a maximum temperature that could be harmful to the container valves.
  • the residual oxygen content at the outlet of the gas separation system is monitored so that, in the event of an inadmissibly low nitrogen concentration, the nitrogen-reduced air is not discharged into the compressed gas storage tank, but rather to the outside or into the enclosed area in order to ensure the required purity.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Storage Of Harvested Produce (AREA)
  • Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Installation de réduction d'oxygène (100), qui présente les éléments suivants :
    - au moins un système de séparation de gaz (102) pour la mise à disposition, en cas de besoin, d'un mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène au niveau d'une sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102), le système de séparation de gaz (102) étant en particulier réalisé comme un système mobile, qui peut en cas de besoin être retiré de l'installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) ;
    - un accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g), en particulier sous forme d'un ou de plusieurs récipients de gaz sous pression, pour l'accumulation d'un mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène ou d'un gaz inerte sous forme comprimée ; et
    - un système de clapets,
    l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) étant relié ou pouvant être relié en écoulement, par l'intermédiaire d'un système de conduites, à au moins une zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b), pour l'acheminement en cas de besoin d'au moins une partie du mélange gazeux ou, selon le cas, du gaz inerte accumulé dans l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) vers ladite au moins une zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) ;
    la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) étant reliée ou pouvant être reliée en écoulement au choix à une entrée de l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) et/ou à ladite au moins une zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b), pour l'acheminement en cas de besoin du mélange gazeux mis à disposition à la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) vers l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) et/ou vers ladite au moins une zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) ;
    caractérisée en ce que l'installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) présente en outre une unité de capteur (114) pour la coordination de la mise à disposition du mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène à la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) et la coordination de l'acheminement du mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène mis à disposition à la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) vers l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) et en ce que l'installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) présente en outre un dispositif de commande (10) relié à l'unité de capteur (114), lequel dispositif est destiné à la commande de préférence coordonnée de composants pouvant être commandés de l'installation de réduction d'oxygène (100), le dispositif de commande (10) étant réalisé pour la commande du système de clapets de l'installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) de manière telle que la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) n'est relié en écoulement à l'entrée de l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) que lorsqu'il n'existe aucune liaison en écoulement entre la sortie de l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) et ladite au moins une zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) et/ou que lorsqu'il n'existe aucune liaison en écoulement entre la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) et ladite au moins une zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b).
  2. Installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) selon la revendication 1, l'unité de capteur (114) étant en outre réalisée pour la coordination de l'acheminement du mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène mis à disposition à la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) vers ladite au moins une zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) et/ou pour la coordination de l'acheminement du mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène ou, selon le cas, du gaz inerte accumulé dans l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) vers ladite au moins une zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b).
  3. Installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, qui présente en outre un système de compresseur (101) disposé en amont du système de séparation de gaz (102), pour la compression d'un mélange gazeux de départ à acheminer vers le système de séparation de gaz (102), le système de compresseur (101) disposé en amont du système de séparation de gaz (102) étant de préférence réalisé comme un système mobile qui peut en cas de besoin être retiré de l'installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) et/ou du système de séparation de gaz (102) ; et/ou un système de compresseur (103) étant prévu entre la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) et l'entrée de l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g), pour la compression en cas de besoin du mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène mis à disposition à la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) et à acheminer vers l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g), le système de compresseur (103) prévu entre la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) et l'entrée de l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) étant de préférence réalisé comme un système mobile, qui peut en cas de besoin être retiré de l'installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) et/ou du système de séparation de gaz (102).
  4. Installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, un système de conduites étant prévu, par l'intermédiaire duquel la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) est reliée ou peut être reliée en écoulement au choix à une entrée de l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) et/ou à ladite au moins une zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b), le système de conduites, par l'intermédiaire duquel la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) est reliée ou peut être reliée en écoulement à une entrée de l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) et/ou à ladite au moins une zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b), correspondant de préférence et au moins par zones au système de conduites par l'intermédiaire duquel l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) est relié ou peut être relié en écoulement à ladite au moins une zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) et/ou le système de conduites, par l'intermédiaire duquel la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) est reliée ou peut être reliée en écoulement au choix à une entrée de l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) et/ou à ladite au moins une zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b), étant réalisé de préférence au moins par zones comme un système mobile, qui peut être retiré en cas de besoin de l'installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) et/ou du système de séparation de gaz (102).
  5. Installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    qui présente en outre un système de clapets, présentant un premier agencement de clapet (104), le premier agencement de clapet (104) étant réalisé pour la réalisation et/ou la séparation d'une liaison en écoulement entre la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) et l'entrée de l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g).
  6. Installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, qui présente en outre un système de clapets présentant un deuxième agencement de clapet (106 ; 106a-d), le deuxième agencement de clapet (106 ; 106a-d) étant réalisé pour la réalisation et/ou la séparation d'une liaison en écoulement entre une sortie de l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) et ladite au moins une zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) ;
    et/ou
    qui présente en outre un système de clapets, présentant un troisième agencement de clapet (109 ; 109a, 109b), le troisième agencement de clapet (109 ; 109a, 109b) étant réalisé pour la réalisation et/ou la séparation d'une liaison en écoulement entre la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) et ladite au moins une zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b),
    le système de clapets étant de préférence et au moins en partie réalisé comme un système mobile, qui peut en cas de besoin être retiré de l'installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) et/ou du système de séparation de gaz (102).
  7. Installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) présentant au moins une entrée et au moins une sortie, l'entrée de l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) et la sortie de l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) étant reliées, par l'intermédiaire d'une pièce de liaison (113), à l'intérieur de l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g),
    la pièce de liaison (113) étant conçue en particulier comme une pièce de liaison commune eu égard à ladite au moins une entrée et ladite au moins une sortie et/ou la pièce de liaison (113) étant de préférence conçue comme une pièce en T ou en Y et/ou
    la pièce de liaison (113) étant de préférence réalisée dans un clapet de récipient (108) de l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g).
  8. Installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7,
    l'installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) présentant au moins un capteur de pression (116) associé à l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g), pour la détection en cas de besoin ou continue d'une pression gazeuse de préférence statique et/ou dynamique du mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène ou, selon le cas, du gaz inerte accumulé dans l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) ; et/ou
    l'installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) présentant au moins un capteur de pression associé à ladite au moins une zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b), pour la détection en cas de besoin ou continue d'une pression gazeuse de préférence statique dans l'atmosphère ambiante de la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) ; et/ou
    l'installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) présentant au moins un capteur de pression pour la détection d'une pression gazeuse de préférence dynamique et/ou statique à l'entrée de l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g), en particulier lors de l'acheminement du mélange gazeux mis à disposition à la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) vers l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) ; et/ou
    l'installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) présentant au moins un capteur de température (115) associé à l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g), pour la détection en cas de besoin ou continue d'une température du mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène ou, selon le cas, du gaz inerte accumulé dans l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) ; et/ou l'installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) présentant au moins un capteur (122) associé au système de séparation de gaz (102), pour la détection en cas de besoin ou continue d'une concentration résiduelle en oxygène dans le mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène mis à disposition à la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) ; et/ou
    ledit au moins un système de séparation de gaz (102) présentant un premier mode de fonctionnement, dans lequel, en cas de besoin, un mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène est acheminé vers l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g), et un deuxième mode de fonctionnement, dans lequel, en cas de besoin, un mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène est acheminé vers au moins une zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b), le premier et le deuxième mode de fonctionnement pouvant de préférence être réglés par un dispositif de commande (10) et encore plus préférablement automatiquement, en particulier au choix automatiquement, par un dispositif de commande (10) ; et/ou
    un système de compresseur (101) disposé en amont étant associé audit au moins un système de séparation de gaz (102), le système de compresseur (101) disposé en amont présentant un premier mode de fonctionnement, dans lequel, en cas de besoin, un mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène est acheminé vers l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g), et un deuxième mode de fonctionnement, dans lequel, en cas de besoin, un mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène est acheminé vers au moins une zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b), le premier et le deuxième mode de fonctionnement pouvant de préférence être réglés par un dispositif de commande (10) et encore plus préférablement automatiquement, en particulier au choix automatiquement, par un dispositif de commande (10) ; et/ou
    la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) étant reliée ou pouvant être reliée par l'intermédiaire d'un clapet (104) à une première conduite de collecte (110), la première conduite de collecte (110) et/ou le clapet (104) étant de préférence réalisé(e)(s) comme un système mobile, qui peut être retiré en cas de besoin de l'installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) et/ou du système de séparation de gaz (102).
  9. Installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8,
    l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105) présentant une multitude de récipients de gaz sous pression (105a-g) spatialement séparés les uns des autres, commutés en parallèle les uns avec les autres présentant au moins un, de préférence à chaque fois un clapet de récipient (108),
    une première section de conduite étant en particulier prévue pour de préférence chacun de la multitude de récipients de gaz sous pression (105a-g), par l'intermédiaire de laquelle chaque clapet de récipient (108) du récipient de gaz sous pression (105a-g) est relié en écoulement à une première conduite de collecte (110) et/ou le clapet de récipient (108) d'un ou de préférence de chacun de la multitude de récipients de gaz sous pression (105a-g) étant relié en écoulement à chaque fois par l'intermédiaire d'une deuxième section de conduite à une deuxième conduite de collecte (111), la deuxième conduite de collecte (111) étant reliée ou pouvant être reliée en écoulement par l'intermédiaire d'un clapet (106, 106a-d), en particulier un clapet de zone, à ladite au moins une zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b),
    la deuxième conduite de collecte (111) et/ou le clapet (106, 106a-d) étant de préférence réalisé(e)(s) comme un système mobile, qui peut en cas de besoin être retiré de l'installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) et/ou du système de séparation de gaz (102).
  10. Installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9,
    un dispositif de commande (10) étant prévu, qui est réalisé pour la commande coordonnée, de préférence automatiquement et encore plus préférablement au choix automatiquement, d'agencements de clapet (104, 106, 109) correspondants, associés à l'installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) de manière telle que la sortie dudit au moins un système de séparation de gaz (102) peut être reliée en écoulement à l'entrée d'au moins un récipient de gaz sous pression (105a-g) lorsqu'il existe une liaison en écoulement entre la sortie d'au moins un autre récipient de gaz sous pression (105a-g) et ladite au moins une zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) et/ou un dispositif de commande (10) étant prévu, qui est réalisé pour la commande coordonnée, de préférence automatiquement et encore plus préférablement au choix automatiquement, d'agencements de clapet (104, 106, 109) correspondants, associés à l'installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) de manière telle que lors de la détection d'une pression minimale fixée ou pouvant être fixée au préalable et/ou lors du passage sous une pression minimale fixée ou pouvant être fixée au préalable dans au moins l'un des récipients de gaz sous pression (105a-g), une liaison en écoulement entre l'entrée dudit au moins un récipient de gaz sous pression (105a-g) et la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) est réalisée sélectivement ; et/ou
    un dispositif antireflux (112), en particulier sous la forme d'un clapet antiretour, étant associé à au moins un récipient de gaz sous pression (105a-g), lequel dispositif est destiné à bloquer un flux gazeux d'un système de conduites s'étendant entre le récipient de gaz sous pression (105a-g) et la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) vers le récipient de gaz sous pression (105a-g) ; et/ou
    un dispositif antireflux (112), en particulier sous la forme d'un clapet antiretour, étant associé à au moins un récipient de gaz sous pression (105a-g), lequel dispositif est destiné à bloquer un flux gazeux à partir du récipient de gaz sous pression (105a-g) vers un système de conduites s'étendant entre la sortie dudit au moins un système de séparation de gaz (102) et le récipient de gaz sous pression (105a-g) ; et/ou
    au moins un récipient parmi la multitude de récipients de gaz sous pression (105a-g) présentant un clapet de récipient (108) présentant un agencement de clapet à déclenchement rapide de préférence actionnable pneumatiquement pour la réalisation en cas de besoin d'une liaison en écoulement entre le récipient de gaz sous pression (105a-g) correspondant et un système de conduites s'étendant entre le récipient de gaz sous pression (105a-g) et la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b), la fonction de clapet de l'agencement de clapet à déclenchement rapide pouvant en cas de besoin être désactivée, en particulier lorsque la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) est reliée ou est à relier à l'entrée du récipient de gaz sous pression (105a-g) ; et/ou
    le système de séparation de gaz (102) présentant un premier séparateur de gaz, de préférence sous la forme d'un générateur d'azote, et au moins un autre, deuxième séparateur de gaz, de préférence sous la forme d'un générateur d'azote, le premier séparateur de gaz étant de préférence conçu comme un séparateur de gaz prévu de manière stationnaire et ledit au moins un deuxième séparateur de gaz étant conçu comme un séparateur de gaz mobile ou de préférence le premier et ledit au moins un deuxième séparateur de gaz étant chacun conçus comme séparateurs de gaz prévus de manière stationnaire ou de préférence le premier et ledit au moins un deuxième séparateur de gaz étant chacun conçus comme séparateurs de gaz mobiles.
  11. Installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10,
    un dispositif capteur étant prévu, pour la surveillance de la teneur résiduelle en oxygène du mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène mis à disposition au niveau de la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) ; un dispositif de commande (10) étant de préférence prévu, qui est réalisé pour n'acheminer le mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène mis à disposition à la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) vers l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) que lorsque la teneur résiduelle en oxygène du mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène, mis à disposition à la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) ne passe pas au-dessus d'une valeur seuil fixée ou pouvant être fixée au préalable ; et/ou la concentration en azote du mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène, mis à disposition à la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) pouvant être commutée entre au moins deux valeurs fixées ou pouvant être fixées au préalable,
    de préférence, le système de séparation de gaz (102) étant réalisé pour la mise à disposition, à la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102), d'un mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène présentant une première concentration en azote lorsque le mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène mis à disposition à la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) est à acheminer vers ladite au moins une zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) et pour la mise à disposition, à la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102), d'un mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène présentant une deuxième concentration en azote lorsque le mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène mis à disposition à la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) est à acheminer vers l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) et, de préférence, la première concentration en azote étant inférieure à la deuxième concentration en azote et, de préférence, la deuxième concentration en azote étant d'au moins 99% en volume.
  12. Procédé de fonctionnement d'une installation de réduction d'oxygène (100) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, le procédé comprenant les étapes de procédé suivantes :
    i) un mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène ou un gaz inerte est accumulé sous forme comprimée dans un accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) ;
    ii) pour la réduction rapide de la teneur en oxygène dans l'atmosphère ambiante d'une zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b), au moins une partie du mélange gazeux ou du gaz inerte accumulé sous forme comprimée dans l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) est acheminée vers la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) et ce en reliant en écoulement l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) à la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) ;
    iii) pour le maintien d'une teneur réduite en oxygène et/ou pour la réduction de la teneur en oxygène dans l'atmosphère ambiante de la zone fermée, un mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène, mis à disposition au niveau d'une sortie d'un système de séparation de gaz (102) est acheminé de manière régulée vers la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) et ce en reliant en écoulement la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) à la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) ;
    un reremplissage de l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) ou un reremplissage d'au moins un récipient de gaz sous pression (105a-g) de l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105) ayant lieu au moins en partie après l'étape de procédé ii) et de préférence parallèlement à l'étape de procédé iii) et ce en reliant en écoulement la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) ou, selon le cas, dudit au moins un récipient de gaz sous pression (105a-g) de l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105) à l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) ; et
    la mise à disposition du mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène à la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) et l'acheminement du mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène mis à disposition à la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) vers l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) étant coordonnés à l'aide d'une unité de capteur (114).
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 12,
    l'acheminement du mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène mis à disposition à la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) vers ladite au moins une zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) et/ou l'acheminement du mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène ou, selon le cas, du gaz inerte accumulé dans l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) vers ladite au moins une zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) étant en outre coordonnés à l'aide d'une unité de capteur (114) ; et/ou
    la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) étant surveillée de préférence en continu ou à des moments ou lors d'événements prédéfinis eu égard à l'apparition d'au moins un paramètre d'incendie et au moins l'étape de procédé ii) étant initiée de préférence automatiquement, dès qu'au moins un paramètre d'incendie est détecté.
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 12 ou 13,
    dans l'étape de procédé ii), au moins une partie du mélange gazeux ou du gaz inerte accumulé sous forme comprimée dans l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) étant acheminée vers la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) de manière telle que la concentration en oxygène dans la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) ne passe pas sous une première valeur fixée ou pouvant être fixée au préalable en particulier en fonction de la charge d'incendie de la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) et ne passe pas au-dessus d'une deuxième valeur également fixée ou pouvant être fixée au préalable, la deuxième valeur étant de préférence inférieure à la valeur de la concentration en oxygène dans l'atmosphère normale et de préférence supérieure à la première valeur,
    de préférence dans l'étape de procédé iii), le mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène mis à disposition à la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) étant acheminé de manière régulée vers la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) de manière telle que la concentration en oxygène dans la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) ne passe pas sous la première valeur fixée ou pouvant être fixée au préalable et ne passe pas au-dessus de la deuxième valeur fixée ou pouvant être fixée au préalable ; et/ou
    la première et la deuxième valeur fixée ou pouvant être fixée au préalable correspondant de préférence aux valeurs limites inférieure et supérieure d'un niveau d'inertisation de base de la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b).
  15. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 12 à 14,
    dans l'étape de procédé iii), le mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène, mis à disposition à la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) n'étant acheminé de manière régulée vers la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) que lorsqu'il est vérifié, pendant ou après la réduction rapide de la teneur en oxygène dans l'atmosphère ambiante de la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) dans l'étape de procédé ii), de préférence automatiquement, en particulier à l'aide d'au moins un détecteur d'incendie, et/ou manuellement, en particulier par l'actionnement d'un commutateur correspondant, qu'il n'y a aucun incendie dans la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) ; et/ou en vérifiant automatiquement, en particulier à l'aide d'au moins un détecteur d'incendie, et/ou manuellement, en particulier par actionnement d'un commutateur correspondant, qu'un incendie déclaré dans la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) après la réduction rapide de la teneur en oxygène dans l'atmosphère ambiante de la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) n'a pas été étouffé ou suffisamment étouffé et le procédé présentant en outre l'étape de procédé suivante, après l'étape de procédé iii) :
    iv) la teneur en oxygène dans l'atmosphère ambiante de la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) est réduite davantage et ce en acheminant au moins une partie du mélange gazeux ou du gaz inerte accumulé sous forme comprimée dans l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) vers la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) et ce en reliant en écoulement l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) ou au moins un récipient de gaz sous pression (105a-g) de l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105) à la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b),
    dans l'étape de procédé iv), la teneur en oxygène dans l'atmosphère ambiante de la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) étant de préférence réduite davantage jusqu'à ce que la concentration en oxygène dans la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) atteigne une concentration cible fixée ou pouvant être fixée au préalable, qui correspond à une concentration en azote qui est au moins identique à une concentration en gaz d'extinction dépendant de la charge d'incendie de l'espace fermé,
    la concentration cible en oxygène fixée ou pouvant être fixée au préalable dans la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) correspondant de préférence à un niveau d'inertisation complet,
    l'étape de procédé suivante étant en outre de préférence prévue après l'étape de procédé iv) :
    v) maintien de la concentration cible en oxygène fixée ou pouvant être fixée au préalable dans la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) et ce en acheminant de manière régulée un mélange gazeux réduit en oxygène, mis à disposition au niveau de la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) vers la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b) et ce en reliant en écoulement la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) à la zone fermée (107 ; 107a, 107b), un reremplissage de l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) ou un reremplissage d'au moins un récipient de gaz sous pression (105a-g) de l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105) ayant lieu de préférence au moins en partie après l'étape de procédé iv) et de préférence parallèlement à l'étape de procédé v) et ce en reliant en écoulement la sortie du système de séparation de gaz (102) à l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105 ; 105a-g) ou, selon le cas, audit au moins un récipient de gaz sous pression (105a-g) de l'accumulateur de gaz sous pression (105).
EP16825425.8A 2015-12-22 2016-12-22 Installation de reduction d'oxygene et procede de fonctionnement d'une installation de reduction d'oxygene Active EP3393606B8 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15201906.3A EP3184152B1 (fr) 2015-12-22 2015-12-22 Installation de reduction d'oxygene et procede de fonctionnement d'une installation de reduction d'oxygene
US14/977,755 US10933262B2 (en) 2015-12-22 2015-12-22 Oxygen-reducing installation and method for operating an oxygen-reducing installation
PCT/EP2016/082373 WO2017109069A1 (fr) 2015-12-22 2016-12-22 Installation de réduction d'oxygène et procédé de fonctionnement d'une installation de réduction d'oxygène

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EP3393606B1 true EP3393606B1 (fr) 2025-03-05
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AU (1) AU2016378491B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA3006864C (fr)
ES (1) ES3022636T3 (fr)
MX (1) MX2018007071A (fr)
RU (1) RU2712378C2 (fr)
SG (1) SG11201804790RA (fr)
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EP3569290B1 (fr) * 2018-05-14 2024-02-14 Wagner Group GmbH Système de commande et de réglage d'une installation de réduction d'oxygène
CN109390435B (zh) * 2018-12-03 2024-01-26 乐山新天源太阳能科技有限公司 用于太阳能电池抗pid设备的氮气和氧气单向混合装置
DE102019117651A1 (de) * 2019-07-01 2021-01-07 Wagner Group Gmbh Verfahren zur Inbetriebnahme einer Sauerstoffreduzierungsanlage, computerlesbares-Speichermedium und Sauerstoffreduzierungsanlage
CN115591155A (zh) * 2022-11-03 2023-01-13 上海穗杉实业股份有限公司（Cn） 一种减少注氮时间的注氮控氧环控防火系统及方法

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US4378920A (en) * 1980-07-15 1983-04-05 The Boeing Company Combustibly inert air supply system and method
EP1274490B1 (fr) * 2000-04-17 2006-08-09 Igor K. Kotliar Systemes de lutte contre les incendies par hypoxie et compositions extinctrices respirables destinees a des lieux fermes
US6997970B2 (en) * 2002-06-25 2006-02-14 Carleton Life Support Systems, Inc. Oxygen/inert gas generator
ES2398958T3 (es) * 2005-01-21 2013-03-22 Amrona Ag Procedimiento de inertización para la prevención de incendios
SI1913978T1 (sl) * 2006-10-19 2009-10-31 Amrona Ag Naprava za inertizacijo z generatorjem dušika
SI1913980T1 (sl) * 2006-10-19 2009-04-30 Amrona Ag Interzacijski sistem z varnostno napravo
ES2378296T3 (es) * 2007-08-01 2012-04-10 Amrona Ag Método de inertización para reducir el riesgo de incendios en un área cerrada y dispositivo para llevar a cabo el mencionado método
RU2465933C2 (ru) * 2007-08-01 2012-11-10 Амрона Аг Способ и устройство для предотвращения и тушения пожара в замкнутом пространстве
ES2351888T3 (es) * 2008-10-07 2011-02-11 Amrona Ag Instalación de extinción de fuego por gas inerte para disminuir el riesgo y extinguir incendios en un local protegido.
US9033061B2 (en) * 2009-03-23 2015-05-19 Kidde Technologies, Inc. Fire suppression system and method

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AU2016378491B2 (en) 2018-11-08
AU2016378491A1 (en) 2018-05-31
ES3022636T3 (en) 2025-05-28
RU2018126588A3 (fr) 2020-01-23
ZA201804748B (en) 2019-10-30
CN108430592A (zh) 2018-08-21
MX2018007071A (es) 2018-08-15
CA3006864C (fr) 2023-09-26
EP3393606B8 (fr) 2025-04-16
SG11201804790RA (en) 2018-07-30
WO2017109069A1 (fr) 2017-06-29
RU2018126588A (ru) 2020-01-23
EP3393606A1 (fr) 2018-10-31
RU2712378C2 (ru) 2020-01-28
CA3006864A1 (fr) 2017-06-29

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