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EP1404629A1 - Fertilizer granules containing ammonium nitrate - Google Patents

Fertilizer granules containing ammonium nitrate

Info

Publication number
EP1404629A1
EP1404629A1 EP01965109A EP01965109A EP1404629A1 EP 1404629 A1 EP1404629 A1 EP 1404629A1 EP 01965109 A EP01965109 A EP 01965109A EP 01965109 A EP01965109 A EP 01965109A EP 1404629 A1 EP1404629 A1 EP 1404629A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fertilizer granules
coating
ammonium nitrate
fertilizer
weight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01965109A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Erik Alexander Bijpost
Arjan Bruinekool
John Van De Hoeven
Arjen Wim Velzel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Holland Novochem BV
Original Assignee
Holland Novochem BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Holland Novochem BV filed Critical Holland Novochem BV
Publication of EP1404629A1 publication Critical patent/EP1404629A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05CNITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C1/00Ammonium nitrate fertilisers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/30Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
    • C05G5/38Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings layered or coated with wax or resins

Definitions

  • fertilizer granules containing ammonium nitrate especially ammonium nitrate (AN) and calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN)
  • AN ammonium nitrate
  • CAN calcium ammonium nitrate
  • EP-A-0 113 687 there is disclosed a treatment of the nitrate containing fertilizer with a mixture of mineral oil, mineral wax, alkylamine and a phosphate ester resulting into a protection against moisture of more than 60% compared to the blank. Later on, several improvements of water repellence have been published. Most of the processes have been based on addition of a mixture of active polar components with oil and petroleum wax blends.
  • fatty amines and fatty alcohol's are fatty amines and fatty alcohol's (EP-A-0 574 306), carboxylic acid (or anhydride) and alcohol's or amines (EP-A-0 692 468), carboxylic acid (or corresponding metal salts) and fatty amide (EP-A-0 768 287), and mixtures of amine phosphate esters and amine sulphonates (EP-A-0 341 102).
  • the invention relates to fertilizer granules containing ammonium nitrate and provided with a coating as protection against moisture uptake characterized in that the granules are coated with a petroleum wax which contains : alkanes with a carbon chain length between 18 and 40, with a linearity of the carbon chains higher than 40 %, solidification range being between 50 and 15 ° C and in that the petroleum wax is a paraffin or a hydrocarbon wax.
  • paraffin and hydrocarbon waxes can improve the performance up to 60% compared to the blank, which is almost equal with blends from amines and phosphate esters.
  • the paraffin waxes have to possess alkanes with a defined carbon chain length (C18-C40) as well as a specific linearity. A high amount (>55%) of normal alkanes is necessary to obtain a good performance.
  • the solidification range of the paraffin mixture is of great importance: the best results have been obtained with blends, which have a solidification range between 50 and 15 °C.
  • the efficiency of the coating can further be improved by adding a mixture of active polar organic compounds, preferably containing an alkylamine with a surface-active compound, more preferably containing a phosphate ester.
  • the amount of active polar organic compounds added to the blend is preferably 0,01 - 15
  • the amount of the paraffin wax added is 0,01 - 0,30 % by weight, based upon the total weight of the fertilizer granules and the coating, more preferably 0,06-0,15 % by weight. These small amounts of coating blend have proven to give satisfactory results.
  • the invention will now further be described based upon data collected by means of experiments.
  • the experiments have shown that the active components mainly contribute to the quality of the top layer. Both the appearance and the hardness improve substantially, especially after addition of a mixture of amine and phosphate ester.
  • the different data were measured in the following way, and the experiments were carried out based upon 5 materials and procedures as described below.
  • the fertilizers used stabilised calcic ammonium nitrate (27 % nitrogen) or ammonium nitrate (33.5 % nitrogen), has been purchased from Hydro Sluiskil, The Netherlands.
  • the fertilizer 1.0 kilogram per sample is stored in sealed plastic jars in an oven at 35 °C for 16 hours. The treatment occurs as follows. The fertilizer is placed in a rotating coating drum, which has a
  • Two 200-ml plastic beakers are both filled with 160 grams of (blank or treated) fertilizer. The weight of both the plastic beaker and the fertilizer are measured on an analytical balance. The combined weight is registered. The beakers are placed into a climatic chamber under the following conditions: relative humidity 80%, temperature 20 °C. After
  • MP (MUb - MVs) * 100 % in which :
  • the hardness of the top layer has been defined as follows :
  • the hardness of the top layer has been inspected.
  • the hardness can be determined by measuring the power (in Newton) necessary to penetrate the top layer.
  • ammonium nitrate (33.5 % N) has been sprayed with 1000 ppm of paraffin (1-10).
  • the performance of the individual petroleum waxes is:
  • Example 4 The experiments in Example 4 have demonstrated that the addition of amine and/or phosphate ester towards paraffin 3 hardly affects the performance towards water repellence on ammonium nitrate containing fertilisers. However, the active components contribute strongly to the quality of the top layer: the appearance as well as the hardness improves substantially.
  • paraffin waxes with a high amount of linear alkanes (>55%) and a solidification range between 50 and 10 °C are able to protect ammonium nitrate containing fertilisers from moisture very efficiently.
  • active polar components such as alkylamines and alkyl phosphate esters

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

Fertilizer granules containing ammonium nitrate and provided with a coating as protection against moisture uptake, in which the granules are coated with a petroleum wax which contains: alkanes with a carbon chain length between 18 and 40 with a linearity of the carbon chains higher than 40 %, the solidification range being between 50 and 15 °C, and in that the petroleum wax is a paraffin or hydrocarbon wax.

Description

Fertilizer granules containing ammonium nitrate
It is generally known that fertilizer granules containing ammonium nitrate, especially ammonium nitrate (AN) and calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN), easily absorb water during storage and handling. Hence, the particles can dissolve partly, followed by recrystallisation. This phenomenon causes weakening of the fertiliser granules as well as hardening of the top layer. Consequently, further handling and distribution on the soil will be hampered dramatically.
Addition of magnesium salts or aluminium compounds has led to an improvement of the hardness of nitrate containing granules. These type of fertilizers are nevertheless very sensitive towards moisture, so dissolution and recrystallisation of the nitrate salts can still occur.
In EP-A-0 113 687 there is disclosed a treatment of the nitrate containing fertilizer with a mixture of mineral oil, mineral wax, alkylamine and a phosphate ester resulting into a protection against moisture of more than 60% compared to the blank. Later on, several improvements of water repellence have been published. Most of the processes have been based on addition of a mixture of active polar components with oil and petroleum wax blends. Well-known examples are fatty amines and fatty alcohol's (EP-A-0 574 306), carboxylic acid (or anhydride) and alcohol's or amines (EP-A-0 692 468), carboxylic acid (or corresponding metal salts) and fatty amide (EP-A-0 768 287), and mixtures of amine phosphate esters and amine sulphonates (EP-A-0 341 102).
A number of patent publications describes the use of apolar components to reduce the moisture uptake by fertilizer salts. A remarkable performance of high molecular weight (30.000-5.000.000) viscoelastic elastomer has been disclosed in EP - A - 0 320 987 upon addition to a wax/oil blend to decrease the hygroscopicity of nitrate-containing fertilizer. Recently, it has been found that the water absorption of calcium salts can be lowered after treating the particle with a soluble nitrogen-containing material and a hydrophobic compound, preferably petrolatum having a melting point between 37.7 °C and 126.6 °C (WO-A-9817604).
This overview illustrates that there is still a need for a chemical product which can be used as an additive to ammonium nitrate fertilizer granules in order to improve the water absorption tendency of the granules, which chemical product must be added in small quantity, have a low prize and a good efficiency. It is therefor an object of the invention to provide such a chemical product.
The invention relates to fertilizer granules containing ammonium nitrate and provided with a coating as protection against moisture uptake characterized in that the granules are coated with a petroleum wax which contains : alkanes with a carbon chain length between 18 and 40, with a linearity of the carbon chains higher than 40 %, solidification range being between 50 and 15 ° C and in that the petroleum wax is a paraffin or a hydrocarbon wax.
It has been found that paraffin and hydrocarbon waxes can improve the performance up to 60% compared to the blank, which is almost equal with blends from amines and phosphate esters.
The paraffin waxes have to possess alkanes with a defined carbon chain length (C18-C40) as well as a specific linearity. A high amount (>55%) of normal alkanes is necessary to obtain a good performance. In addition, the solidification range of the paraffin mixture is of great importance: the best results have been obtained with blends, which have a solidification range between 50 and 15 °C.
The efficiency of the coating can further be improved by adding a mixture of active polar organic compounds, preferably containing an alkylamine with a surface-active compound, more preferably containing a phosphate ester.
The amount of active polar organic compounds added to the blend is preferably 0,01 - 15
% by weight of the total weight of the blend.
Preferably the amount of the paraffin wax added is 0,01 - 0,30 % by weight, based upon the total weight of the fertilizer granules and the coating, more preferably 0,06-0,15 % by weight. These small amounts of coating blend have proven to give satisfactory results.
The invention will now further be described based upon data collected by means of experiments. The experiments have shown that the active components mainly contribute to the quality of the top layer. Both the appearance and the hardness improve substantially, especially after addition of a mixture of amine and phosphate ester. The different data were measured in the following way, and the experiments were carried out based upon 5 materials and procedures as described below.
The carbon chain distribution of the petroleum waxes has been analysed at SGS Laboratory Services, Dordrecht, The Netherlands. Only linear alkanes with less than 40 carbon atoms could be determined and calculated, using identical standard samples of normal alkanes. The amount of both branched and cyclic alkanes could be estimated from 10 the adjacent peak of the linear alkane. The solidification range has been determined by using DSC (DSC-12E, Mettler, 0 °C - 100 °C / 100 °C - 0 °C, rate 5 °C/min).
15 The fertilizers used, stabilised calcic ammonium nitrate (27 % nitrogen) or ammonium nitrate (33.5 % nitrogen), has been purchased from Hydro Sluiskil, The Netherlands. Before applying the coating (stored at 100 °C for 16 hours), the fertilizer (1.0 kilogram per sample) is stored in sealed plastic jars in an oven at 35 °C for 16 hours. The treatment occurs as follows. The fertilizer is placed in a rotating coating drum, which has a
20 temperature of approximately 35 °C. Then 200-1500 ppm of a coating is sprayed on the fertilizer, followed by rotating the drum for another 5 minutes. The treated fertilizer is transferred into a plastic jar. After sealing the jar, the compounds are allowed to stand at room temperature for 24 hours.
25
Two 200-ml plastic beakers are both filled with 160 grams of (blank or treated) fertilizer. The weight of both the plastic beaker and the fertilizer are measured on an analytical balance. The combined weight is registered. The beakers are placed into a climatic chamber under the following conditions: relative humidity 80%, temperature 20 °C. After
30 72 hours, the samples are removed from the climatic chamber, followed by weighing and by evaluating the physical appearance. The protection against water (MP) uptake is calculated by the equation:
MP = (MUb - MVs) * 100 % in which :
MP = Moisture Protection MUb = Average moisture uptake blank (g) MUs = Average moisture uptake sample (g) x 100 %
The appearance has been classified as follows:
1. Considerable degranulation
2. Moderate degranulation
3. Slight degranulation 4. Slight surface degranulation 5. Surface not degraded
The hardness of the top layer has been defined as follows :
By placing the samples, which have been used for the multiple layer moisture uptake tests, into an oven of 30 °C for 48 hours, the hardness of the top layer has been inspected. The hardness can be determined by measuring the power (in Newton) necessary to penetrate the top layer.
Description of the petroleum waxes explored
* Classification according to Concawe dossier no. 99/110, Concawe Brussels, Belgium. The following specific tests have been performed :
Example 1
Calcium ammonium nitrate (27 % N) has been treated with 1000 ppm of petroleum wax (1-10). After one day the coated samples have been used for a multiple layer moisture uptake test. After standing 72 hours in the climatic chamber (relative humidity 80%, temperature 20 °C), the following results have been obtained :
This example demonstrates that petroleum waxes with a high amount of normal alkanes with a solidification range between 50 and 10 °C,wz. paraffin and hydrocarbon waxes 2-8, give the best performance with respect to moisture uptake. In addition, both the hardness and the appearance of the top layer have improved upon using paraffin waxes (2-8).
Example 2
Subsequently, ammonium nitrate (33.5 % N) has been sprayed with 1000 ppm of paraffin (1-10). Following the same procedures as mentioned above, the performance of the individual petroleum waxes is:
These experiments demonstrated the same trend as given in Example 1. Once again, linear alkanes with a carbon chain length between 18 and 40 were found to keep the fertiliser in the best condition after exposure to moisture. Especially paraffin waxes 3 and 4 showed a protection against moisture uptake, which can be compared with more advanced mixtures claimed by NSM (EP-A-0 113 687). In addition, the top layer appeared to be very soft after treating the ammonium nitrate with these particular paraffin waxes.
Example 3
The best paraffin waxes from Examples 1 and 2 have been selected, wz. 3 and 4, and tested further on. First, emphasis has been laid on the minimum dosage of the paraffin to a fertilizer (AN or CAN) to maintain still some moisture repellence. The results have been as follows :
Paraffin wax 3 on calcium ammonium nitrate
Paraffin wax 3 on ammonium nitrate
Paraffin wax 4 on calcium ammonium nitrate
Paraffin wax 4 on ammonium nitrate
The tests have shown that very low concentrations of both paraffin waxes 3 and 4 can give already some water repellence on nitrate fertilizer. Moreover, the appearance and the hardness of the top layer can be improved, especially by addition of 1000 ppm (or more) paraffin. In the next example the influence of active components in paraffin mixtures to the overall performance has been investigated.
Example 4
As mentioned above, several active polar components have been claimed to decrease the hygroscopicity of nitrate containing fertilizers. Very often these formulations comprise fatty amines. We have selected the combination of alkylamine and alkyl phosphate ester, similar to the NSM patent EP-A-0 113 687.
The contribution of active components towards the protection against moisture uptake has been studied by adding 0-8% (m/m) stearylamine and 0-8% (m/m) of 2-ethylhexyl phosphate ester to the paraffin wax 3. A dosage of 1000 ppm has been used for all formulations prepared.
Paraffin wax 3 with active components on calcium ammonium nitrate
Paraffin wax 3 with active components on ammonium nitrate
The experiments in Example 4 have demonstrated that the addition of amine and/or phosphate ester towards paraffin 3 hardly affects the performance towards water repellence on ammonium nitrate containing fertilisers. However, the active components contribute strongly to the quality of the top layer: the appearance as well as the hardness improves substantially.
The above mentioned tests have clearly demonstrated that paraffin waxes with a high amount of linear alkanes (>55%) and a solidification range between 50 and 10 °C are able to protect ammonium nitrate containing fertilisers from moisture very efficiently. The addition of active polar components, such as alkylamines and alkyl phosphate esters, to the paraffin waxes does not lead to a better protection against moisture uptake. However, its addition results in a remarkable improvement of the top layer, not only towards the hardness, but towards the appearance as well.

Claims

Claims
1. Fertilizer granules containing ammonium nitrate and provided with a coating as protection against moisture uptake, characterized in that the granules are coated with a petroleum wax which contains: alkanes with a carbon chain length between 18 and 40 with a linearity of the carbon chains higher than 40 %, the solidification range being between 50 and 15 °C, and in that the petroleum wax is a paraffin or hydrocarbon wax.
2. Fertilizer granules according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating contains a mixture of active polar organic components.
3. Fertilizer granules according claim 2, characterized in that active organic polar components contain an alkylamine with a surface-active compound.
4. Fertilizer granules according to claim 2, characterized in that the coating contains a phosphate ester.
5. Fertilizer granules according to claim 3, characterized in that the amount of the alkylamine is 0.01-15% by weight of the total weight of the hydrocarbon wax.
6. Fertilizer granules according to claim 4, characterized in that the amount of the alkyl phosphate ester is 0.01-15% by weight of the total weight of the hydrocarbon wax.
7. Fertilizer granules according to anyone of the claims 1-6, characterized in that the coating is 0.01-0.30% by weight, based upon the total weight of the fertilizer granules and the coating.
8. Fertilizer granules according to anyone of the claims 1-6, characterized in that the coating is 0.06-0.15% by weight, based upon the total weight of the fertilizer granules and the coating.
EP01965109A 2001-07-10 2001-07-10 Fertilizer granules containing ammonium nitrate Withdrawn EP1404629A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2001/007969 WO2003006399A1 (en) 2001-07-10 2001-07-10 Fertilizer granules containing ammonium nitrate

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1404629A1 true EP1404629A1 (en) 2004-04-07

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ID=8164502

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01965109A Withdrawn EP1404629A1 (en) 2001-07-10 2001-07-10 Fertilizer granules containing ammonium nitrate

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1404629A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003006399A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB0502337D0 (en) * 2005-02-04 2005-03-16 Univ York Isolation and fractionation of waxes from plants
AU2015257345B2 (en) 2014-05-05 2019-07-11 SABIC Agri-Nutrients Company Coated granular fertilizers, methods of manufacture thereof, and uses
CA2993131A1 (en) 2015-07-20 2017-01-26 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. An extruded fertilizer core particle comprising a urease inhibitor and/or a nitrification inhibitor and a binder therefor
BR112018009874B1 (en) 2015-11-16 2022-10-04 SABIC Global Technologies B.V COATED GRANULAR FERTILIZERS, MANUFACTURING METHODS AND USES THEREOF
BR112018009872B1 (en) 2015-11-16 2022-11-16 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF A COATED FERTILIZER
EP3414214A1 (en) 2016-02-08 2018-12-19 SABIC Global Technologies B.V. Method of making a fertilizer seed core
EP3612508A1 (en) 2017-04-19 2020-02-26 SABIC Global Technologies B.V. Enhanced efficiency fertilizer with urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor in separate particles
CN110809569B (en) 2017-04-19 2022-07-12 沙特基础工业全球技术公司 Synergistic fertilizer with urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor separated in the same granule
WO2018193345A1 (en) 2017-04-20 2018-10-25 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Enhanced efficiency fertilizer with embedded powder composition
WO2019030671A1 (en) 2017-08-09 2019-02-14 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Extruded fertilizer granules with urease and/or nitrification inhibitors

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2003006399A1 (en) 2003-01-23

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