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EP1334214A1 - Procede et dispositif de fabrication de lingots ou de barres metalliques par separation par fusion d'electrodes dans un bain de scories a fusion electrique - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de fabrication de lingots ou de barres metalliques par separation par fusion d'electrodes dans un bain de scories a fusion electrique

Info

Publication number
EP1334214A1
EP1334214A1 EP01996632A EP01996632A EP1334214A1 EP 1334214 A1 EP1334214 A1 EP 1334214A1 EP 01996632 A EP01996632 A EP 01996632A EP 01996632 A EP01996632 A EP 01996632A EP 1334214 A1 EP1334214 A1 EP 1334214A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
current
mold
slag bath
conducting element
base plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01996632A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1334214B1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Holzgruber
Harald Holzgruber
Lev Medovar
Izrail Lantsman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Inteco Internationale Techinsche Beratung GmbH
Original Assignee
Inteco Internationale Techinsche Beratung GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Inteco Internationale Techinsche Beratung GmbH filed Critical Inteco Internationale Techinsche Beratung GmbH
Publication of EP1334214A1 publication Critical patent/EP1334214A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1334214B1 publication Critical patent/EP1334214B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
    • B22D23/06—Melting-down metal, e.g. metal particles, in the mould
    • B22D23/10—Electroslag casting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/16—Remelting metals
    • C22B9/18—Electroslag remelting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing blocks or strands of metal - in particular from steel as well as Ni and Co-based alloys - by melting self-consuming electrodes in an electrically conductive slag bath using alternating or direct current in a short, after water-cooled mold open at the bottom, via which a current contact to the slag bath can be established.
  • the invention also includes a device for performing this method.
  • remelting blocks are produced using the process of electroslag remelting in stand molds - but also in short slide molds - it is common, depending on the susceptibility of the remelted alloy to segregate, to set a melting rate in kilograms (kg) per hour, which for round blocks is between 70% and 110% of the block diameter in millimeters (mm).
  • a melting rate in kilograms (kg) per hour, which for round blocks is between 70% and 110% of the block diameter in millimeters (mm).
  • an equivalent diameter can be used, which is calculated from the cross-sectional circumference divided by the number ⁇ (Pi).
  • the lower area is mainly used for strongly segregating alloys - such as tool steels or high-alloyed nickel base alloys - in which a flat metal sump is aimed at to avoid segregation.
  • the value of 70% can hardly be undercut in the conventional ESR process, since then the power supply from the melting electrode into the slag bath has to be reduced very much, which results in a low temperature of the slag bath and subsequently a poor, often grooved surface of the remelting block has the consequence. If the power supply is too low for Slag bath then often also forms a thick slag jacket between the block and the mold, which in turn hinders the heat dissipation from the block surface, so that the desired flat melt sump cannot be achieved.
  • the slag bath temperature and the melting rate are - and in context thus the depth of the swamp and the formation of the surface - closely linked and cannot be controlled and controlled independently of one another and separately.
  • the melting rate with increased power supply to the slag bath occurs because the melting electrode serves on the one hand to supply energy to the slag bath, but on the other hand all the more melts faster, the more you increase the energy supply to the slag bath.
  • the electrode must then be fed into the slag bath at the speed at which it melts. If the melting electrode were not topped up, it would melt to just above the surface of the slag bath, which would interrupt the electrical contact and thus the power supply to the slag bath. The remelting process would come to a standstill.
  • Another way to increase the slag bath is of smaller diameter electrodes zen umzusch 'mel-.
  • the end face of the electrode immersed in the slag bath is smaller, so that a comparatively hotter slag bath is required in order to achieve the desired melting rate.
  • this measure can often be used to improve the surface of the block, the use of small-diameter electrodes leads to an increased heat concentration in the center of the block, which can result in a V-shaped recessed sump with an increased tendency to segregate.
  • EP 786 521 B1 by the applicant shows a process for remelting electroslag in which, by melting electrodes of comparatively large diameter, higher deposition rates are set than in conventional electroslag remelting.
  • part of the melt flow can be returned via current-conducting elements built into the mold wall. The arrangement leads to a division of the return line currents incorrectly proportional to the total resistance of the conductor loops used.
  • the inventor set the goal of being able to control the melting rate of the electrode independently of the temperature of the slag bath and at the same time to ensure a good block surface.
  • the melting rate of the consumable electrode can be controlled in a simple manner by the feed rate with which it is pushed into the overheated slag bath.
  • the achievable melting rate will be higher the larger the end face and the immersion depth of the electrode immersed in the slag bath and the higher its temperature.
  • the melting electrode can be completely currentless.
  • the block sump can also remain de-energized or a partial flow can be applied.
  • a circuit as a cathode is also of interest for the block sump for the reasons mentioned above. If the block and the electrode are connected as the cathode, the return line can take place via current-conducting elements in the mold connected as an anode.
  • the remelting blocks formed in the lower part of the mold can either be pulled down from this or the mold is raised in the manner in which the block standing on a base plate grows.
  • the present invention thus relates to a method for producing blocks or strands from metals, in particular from steels and Ni and Co base alloys, by melting self-consuming electrodes in an electrically conductive slag bath in a short, water-cooled mold which is open at the bottom and is built into the mold wall current conducting elements, about which in In a manner known per se, a current contact to the slag bath can be produced, the melt flow supplied being able to be introduced into the slag bath both via the remelting block and the melt sump and, if appropriate, at least one current-conducting element of the mold, the melt flow being returned via at least one current-conducting element of the mold , which is electrically insulated from any former and also the part of the mold that forms the remelting block.
  • the proportion of current supplied via the melting electrode can be 0 to 100% of the total supplied melting current.
  • the short, current-conducting mold can be permanently installed in a work platform and the remelting block can be removed downwards.
  • the block can also be built up on a fixed base plate and the mold can be raised in the manner in which the block grows.
  • the block can be removed or the mold can be lifted continuously or step by step.
  • an additional counter-stroke step can directly follow each stroke step, the step length of which can be up to 60% of the step length of the withdrawal stroke step.
  • Fig. 3 an enlarged section through Fig. 2 along the line III - III.
  • a water-cooled mold 10 with a hollow ring-shaped mold body 12 is assigned a bottom plate 14, which in turn is hollow, according to FIG. 1, the outer diameter of which is slightly shorter than the inner diameter d of the mold 10;
  • the base plate 14 can be pushed into the mold opening or the mold interior space 11 of height h until it runs directly below the upper edge 13 of the mold hollow body 12.
  • a ring-like insulating element 16 rests on the upper edge 13 and a current-conducting element 18 — likewise ring-like and / or made of several parts — rests on this; the latter is electrically insulated from the - nonconductive - insulating elements 16 against the water-cooled lower region 20 of the mold 10 and is separated from the top by an upper insulating element 16 a from a water-cooled hollow ring 22.
  • the upper insulating element 16 a is not absolutely necessary.
  • liquid slag can, for example, be poured into the mold gap delimited by the mold 10 and the electrode 28, until the slag level 25 of the slag bath 24 that is formed approximately becomes the upper edge of the current-conducting element 16 a has reached.
  • the supply of the melt stream to the slag bath 26 from an AC or DC source 36 takes place - depending on the position of high-current contacts 38 and 39 - in high-current lines 32, 32 a either only via the electrode 28 or only via the base plate 14, the remelting block 30 and the Melt sump 24 or at the same time via electrode 28 and base plate 14, the proportions of the current flowing through electrode 28 and base plate being adjustable by means of adjustable resistors 42, 42 a or other devices which are comparable in their effect.
  • the entire melt flow is returned exclusively via the current-conducting element 18 built into the mold wall and a return line 35 connecting it to the current source 36.
  • the mold 10 is provided with at least two by insulating elements 16, 16 a both against one another and against the lower region 20 of the mold 10 and — in this case — against the upper region 22 of the mold 10, namely those Hollow ring 12, insulated current conducting elements 18, 18 a .
  • FIG. 3 shows two partially circular current-conducting elements 18, 18 a , which are separated from one another by — correspondingly shaped insulating elements 16 b — forming a ring with them; If, as described here, two or more current-conducting elements 18, 18 a lying at different potentials are required, these can also be formed in a circular manner as a ring and arranged one above the other and in particular in the case of molds 10 with a circular cross section around a longitudinal axis A. angeord- Neten - also annular - insulating elements 16 to be isolated from each other.
  • current can be fed from the right-hand current source 36 in FIG. 2 either only via the electrode 28 through line 32 or only via base plate 14 together with block 30 through line 32 a or via both together into the slag bath 26 .
  • the division of the current can be adjusted by means of adjustable resistors 42, 42 a .
  • the return can then take place via one of the two current-conducting elements - here 18 - the mold 10 and return line 35. From return line 35 leads a branch line 37 to the left power source 36 a , which on the other hand is connected by a line 31 to the current-carrying element 18 a .
  • the current source 36 is a direct current source, it is possible to switch the electrode 28 and block 30 as a cathode.
  • a common return line is returned from at least one further current-conducting element 18, which is insulated from the former and from the lower and the upper region 20 and 22 of the mold 10, to the three power supplies 36, 36 a , 36 b.
  • the individual circuits can be interrupted via high-current switches 41, 41 a , 41 b in return line 35 or branch lines 37 a , 37 b . This arrangement enables different ways of working. If three alternating current sources 36, 36 a , 36 b connected in parallel are used as melt current supplies , then independently adjustable currents can be run via each of the feed lines 32, 31, 31 a .
  • the three power supplies or power sources 36, 36 a , 36 b can, for example, also be connected to the three phases of a three-phase power supply, the return line being led to the star point. This makes it possible to build up a Ruhr movement induced by the rotating field in the slag bath and metal sump.
  • An AC power source can then be used as the power supply 36 a , which ensures efficient heating of the slag bath 24 via the current-conducting elements 18, 18 a of the mold 10.
  • the electrode 28 and the slag bath 24 can be protected against air access by gas-tight hoods, not shown here, which can also be sealed against the mold flange. This allows the remelting to take place in a controlled atmosphere and the exclusion of atmospheric oxygen, which also enables the production of highly pure remelting blocks 30 and prevents burn-off of oxygen-affine elements.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de lingots ou de barres métalliques, en particulier en acier ou en alliages à base de Ni et Co, par séparation par fusion d'électrodes auto-consommables, dans un bain de scories électroconducteur, avec utilisation de courant alternatif ou continu, dans une coquille de courtes dimensions, à refroidissement par eau, ouverte vers le bas, sur laquelle est prévu un contact électrique vers le bain de scories, caractérisé en ce qu'on fait passer le courant de fusion amené, à la fois via l'électrode de fusion et la plaque de fond, dans le lingot de refusion et le pied de bain et, éventuellement, au moins dans un élément électro-conducteur de la coquille dans le bain de scories ; en ce que la distribution du courant est réglable de façon contrôlée, et le circuit de retour du courant de fusion passe par au moins un autre élément de la coquille électroconducteur, électriquement isolé vis-à-vis d'une première partie de la coquille formant le bloc de refusion. La proportion du courant de fusion amené en totalité, via la plaque de fond, est sélectionnée entre 0 et 100 %. Le dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé utilise une courte coquille à refroidissement par eau, munie d'une plaque de fond pour l'édification d'un lingot de refusion, avec au moins un élément électroconducteur prévu dans la zone du bain de scories, et qui est isolé par rapport à la zone de la coquille formant le lingot de refusion et/ou vis-à-vis des autres éléments électro-conducteurs.
EP01996632A 2000-11-14 2001-11-09 Procede et dispositif pour la fabrication de lingots ou de barres metalliques par fusion d'electrodes dans un bain de laitier electroconducteur Expired - Lifetime EP1334214B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT19052000 2000-11-14
AT0190500A AT410413B (de) 2000-11-14 2000-11-14 Verfahren zum elektroschlacke umschmelzen von metallen
PCT/EP2001/013012 WO2002040726A1 (fr) 2000-11-14 2001-11-09 Procede et dispositif de fabrication de lingots ou de barres metalliques par separation par fusion d'electrodes dans un bain de scories a fusion electrique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1334214A1 true EP1334214A1 (fr) 2003-08-13
EP1334214B1 EP1334214B1 (fr) 2005-03-02

Family

ID=3689284

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01996632A Expired - Lifetime EP1334214B1 (fr) 2000-11-14 2001-11-09 Procede et dispositif pour la fabrication de lingots ou de barres metalliques par fusion d'electrodes dans un bain de laitier electroconducteur

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6913066B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1334214B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3676781B2 (fr)
AT (1) AT410413B (fr)
AU (1) AU2002221836A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10154721A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002040726A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1925681B1 (fr) 2006-11-15 2011-04-27 Inteco special melting technologies GmbH Procédé de refonte de métaux sous laitier électroconducteur et lingotière à cet effet
AT504574B1 (de) * 2006-11-15 2009-08-15 Inteco Special Melting Technol Verfahren zum elektroschlacke umschmelzen von metallen
AT509736B1 (de) * 2010-05-14 2012-03-15 Inteco Special Melting Technologies Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen erfassung des schlackenniveaus in esu-anlagen mit kurzen gleitkokillen
AT515566A1 (de) * 2014-03-06 2015-10-15 Inteco Special Melting Technologies Gmbh Verfahren zur Kühlung von flüssigkeitsgekühlten Kokillen für metallurgische Prozesse
CN105483391B (zh) * 2015-12-11 2017-08-11 东北大学 确定单电源双回路电渣重熔过程中工艺参数的装置及方法
CN110548840B (zh) * 2019-10-09 2024-04-02 辽宁科技大学 在连铸过程中向结晶器加入加热固态保护渣的装置及方法

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5411803A (en) * 1977-06-30 1979-01-29 Inst Elektroswarki Patona Apparatus for remelting and surfacing electroslag
JPS5443803A (en) * 1977-09-12 1979-04-06 Inst Elektroswarki Patona Mold for electroslag remelting and surfacing apparatus
WO1980001574A1 (fr) * 1979-01-31 1980-08-07 Inst Elektroswarki Patona Methode et dispositif de controle d'un procede de refusion sous laitier electroconducteur d'electrodes consommables dans un cristallisoir large
US4291744A (en) * 1979-02-14 1981-09-29 Medovar Boris I Apparatus for electroslag remelting of consumable electrodes
DE2942485A1 (de) * 1979-10-20 1981-04-30 Leybold-Heraeus GmbH, 5000 Köln Verfahren zum herstellen von ferrozirkon mit praktisch beliebigem eisengehalt
US4612649A (en) * 1983-11-10 1986-09-16 Cabot Corporation Process for refining metal
AT406384B (de) * 1996-01-29 2000-04-25 Inteco Int Techn Beratung Verfahren zum elektroschlacke-strangschmelzen von metallen
AT406239B (de) * 1996-04-09 2000-03-27 Inteco Int Techn Beratung Wassergekühlte kokille für das stranggiessen oder elektroschlacke-umschmelzen
DE19614182C1 (de) * 1996-04-11 1997-07-31 Inteco Int Techn Beratung Wassergekühlte Kokille zum Herstellen von Blöcken oder Strängen sowie deren Verwendung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0240726A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA19052000A (de) 2002-09-15
AU2002221836A1 (en) 2002-05-27
DE50105485D1 (de) 2005-04-07
DE10154721A1 (de) 2002-05-23
JP3676781B2 (ja) 2005-07-27
US6913066B2 (en) 2005-07-05
WO2002040726A1 (fr) 2002-05-23
US20040040688A1 (en) 2004-03-04
JP2004522852A (ja) 2004-07-29
EP1334214B1 (fr) 2005-03-02
AT410413B (de) 2003-04-25

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