EP1329993A2 - Manufacturing method for sliding contact for medium and high current - Google Patents
Manufacturing method for sliding contact for medium and high current Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1329993A2 EP1329993A2 EP02026559A EP02026559A EP1329993A2 EP 1329993 A2 EP1329993 A2 EP 1329993A2 EP 02026559 A EP02026559 A EP 02026559A EP 02026559 A EP02026559 A EP 02026559A EP 1329993 A2 EP1329993 A2 EP 1329993A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sliding contact
- contact piece
- copper
- graphite
- main mixture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc carbonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- MQWLIFWNJWLDCI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;carbonate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O MQWLIFWNJWLDCI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 11
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- UOURRHZRLGCVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentazinc;dicarbonate;hexahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O UOURRHZRLGCVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001295 No alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
- H01R39/20—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
- H01R43/12—Manufacture of brushes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49009—Dynamoelectric machine
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
- Y10T29/49119—Brush
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
- Y10T29/5313—Means to assemble electrical device
- Y10T29/53143—Motor or generator
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
- Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
- Y10T428/12146—Nonmetal particles in a component
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a sliding contact piece for medium to high current densities according to the preamble of the claims 1,2,4-7.
- the sliding contact pieces produced thereafter are in particular carbon brushes for electrical machines, especially in motor vehicles, high Current densities occur especially with starters.
- additions of lead or antimony contain the usual sliding contact pieces and have a good cleaning effect, cooling of the sliding contact piece during operation and good sliding properties on a mating contact piece, but toxic or harmful to the environment are to be avoided (EP 0525 222 A1).
- Tin in particular serves as lead substitute or admixture and / or zinc or their alloys.
- the present invention has for its object methods of manufacture to propose sliding contact pieces, which thereafter are not environmentally harmful Contain additions of lead or antimony and nevertheless the favorable operating properties of sliding contact pieces with these environmentally harmful If possible, show substances to an increased extent.
- This object is achieved according to the principle that in the Manufacturing process either by premixing a copper free matrix or subsequently when mixing a copper-containing matrix as Main mixture is a substitute based on a metal from the group Zinc, tin, bismuth or their alloys is added. After the subsequent one Pressing the sliding contact piece becomes a sintering or subjected to temperature treatment. This essentially occurs selective alloy formation with copper not in all production variants one, but this is given with the below Features advantageously achieved, thereby the stability of the sliding contact piece can be further increased significantly.
- the added as a substitute Metal predominantly in the graphite / plastic mixture so built in that a shield to the copper, which later added is carried out and alloy formation with the copper is omitted.
- the addition of the substitute can instead also be carried out subsequently Claim 2 carried out in the mixing of the main mixture with copper become. Only as much substitute is preferably added that not all of the copper or copper matrix is converted into a brass alloy is, but that only so-called brass islands are formed. As a result, there is an advantageous punctual increase in hardness Copper and, for example, tin, which are the stability of the sliding contact piece can increase. However, if such a selective increase in hardness is not desired, it can be minimized by the addition of friction be compensated.
- the main mixture can according to claim 3 fine copper powder can be added directly with copper.
- the subsequent temperature treatment of the sliding contact piece can Temperature be kept so low that the brass powder with the Copper has no alloy.
- the graphite can be premixed with a plastic binder an oxide of the metal from the aforementioned group zinc, tin, bismuth or whose alloys are added.
- a basic carbonate a metal from the group mentioned zinc, tin, bismuth or their alloys added is particularly preferred because it has particularly favorable properties the sliding contact piece, especially the stability.
- the basic carbonates added in fine form promote the formation of alloys in which following the preparation of the main mixture Sintering process or with temperature treatment with the result a particularly long service life of the sliding contact pieces.
- the sintering and temperature treatment of the pressed material takes place as a substitute Sliding contact pieces advantageously with the steps according to claim 10, in a first step, the sliding contact pieces at a temperature in the range 150 to 250 ° C are sintered in a nitrogen atmosphere, in a second step further sintering at an elevated temperature of 300 to 450 ° C is continued, in a third step the sintering Add hydrogen to the sintering atmosphere at a temperature above 450 ° C and finally an alloy formation depending on the time at a temperature above 300 ° C.
- the sliding contact piece with its advantageous properties, in particular stability, according to one of the invention Process manufactured.
- the main mixture is mixed with the zinc carbonate in a very fine grain, which is the first stage 5 ZnO.2 CO2.4 H2O represents.
- the first step is a conversion to a second stage 2 ZN CO3.3 ZNO.
- the third stage occurs: 5 ZNO.
- Molecular hydrogen is then added to the sintering atmosphere at a temperature of at least 450 ° C. up to a final temperature of 600 ° C., decomposition of the zinc oxide in a fourth stage Zn entry. Then, depending on the time and temperature from 300 ° C, the zinc with the copper content forms a brass alloy through the fusion, ie without a melting phase.
- zinc can also be added when the step 4 should be generated.
- the addition of the basic zinc carbonate can be modified of the example above to a copper-free matrix in the premix take place, the same procedures as described above, but without final alloy formation. Alloy formation is, however, to achieve the high stability of the sliding contact pieces, as mentioned above, particularly advantageous. Otherwise, you can however, the desired lead and antimony replacing effects of the additive in all the conditions described above including alloy formation can be achieved.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gleitkontaktstücks für mittlere bis hohe Stromdichten nach dem Oberbegriff der Ansprüche 1,2,4-7.The invention relates to a method for producing a sliding contact piece for medium to high current densities according to the preamble of the claims 1,2,4-7.
Die danach hergestellten Gleitkontaktstücke sind insbesondere Kohlebürsten für elektrische Maschinen, insbesondere in Kraftfahrzeugen, wobei hohe Stromdichten vor allem bei Startern auftreten.The sliding contact pieces produced thereafter are in particular carbon brushes for electrical machines, especially in motor vehicles, high Current densities occur especially with starters.
In dem Bestreben, derartigen Gleitkontaktstücken günstige Eigenschaften sowohl von reinen Kohlekontaktstücken als auch von Metallkontaktstücken mitzuteilen, wurden diese Werkstoffe bei der Herstellung seit langem kombiniert, wobei insbesondere eine innige Verbindung von Kohleteilen mit dem Metall angestrebt wurde (DE 154 287 C).In the effort to provide such sliding contact pieces favorable properties both of pure carbon contact pieces and of metal contact pieces to communicate, these materials have long been combined in the manufacture, in particular an intimate connection of coal parts with the Metal was sought (DE 154 287 C).
Weiterhin gehört es zum Stand der Technik, Zusätze von Blei oder Antimon, den übliche Gleitkontaktstücke enthalten und die eine gute Putzwirkung, eine Kühlung des Gleitkontaktstücks im Betrieb und eine gute Gleitfähigkeit an einem Gegenkontaktstück ergeben, jedoch giftig bzw. umweltschädlich sind, zu vermeiden (EP 0525 222 A1). Hierzu wurde eine die obigen Zusätze ersetzende Beimengung von dem Kupfer durch eine deren Legierung verhindernde Schicht getrennt, wozu besondere Fertigungsmaßnahmen zu treffen waren. Als Bleiersatzstoffe bzw. Beimengung dienen insbesondere Zinn und/oder Zink oder deren Legierungen. Die umweltunschädlichen Beimengungen, vorzugsweise Zinn oder Zink, sollten den Grundbestandteilen (Kupfer, Graphit) nicht einfach beigemischt werden, weil sich dann eine Legierung ergäbe, die für den gewünschten Zweck zu hart wäre und keinen ausreichend niedrigen Schmelzpunkt hätte.Furthermore, it belongs to the state of the art, additions of lead or antimony, contain the usual sliding contact pieces and have a good cleaning effect, cooling of the sliding contact piece during operation and good sliding properties on a mating contact piece, but toxic or harmful to the environment are to be avoided (EP 0525 222 A1). For this, one of the additions above replacing admixture of copper with an alloy preventing its alloy Layer separated, for which purpose to take special manufacturing measures were. Tin in particular serves as lead substitute or admixture and / or zinc or their alloys. The environmentally harmless admixtures, preferably tin or zinc, should the basic components (copper, Graphite) can not be added simply because then an alloy would result that would be too hard for the desired purpose and not sufficient low melting point.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gleitkontaktstücken vorzuschlagen, welche danach keine umweltschädlichen Zusätze an Blei oder Antimon enthalten und gleichwohl die günstigen Betriebseigenschaften von Gleitkontaktstücken mit diesen umweltschädlichen Stoffen möglichst noch in gesteigertem Maße aufweisen.The present invention has for its object methods of manufacture to propose sliding contact pieces, which thereafter are not environmentally harmful Contain additions of lead or antimony and nevertheless the favorable operating properties of sliding contact pieces with these environmentally harmful If possible, show substances to an increased extent.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß nach dem Prinzip gelöst, daß bei dem Herstellungsverfahren entweder bei dem Vormischen einer kupferfreien Matrix oder anschließend bei dem Mischen einer kupferhaltigen Matrix als Hauptmischung ein Ersatzstoff auf der Basis eines Metalls aus der Gruppe Zink, Zinn, Wismut oder deren Legierungen, zugesetzt wird. Nach dem anschließenden Pressen des Gleitkontaktstücks wird dieses einer Sinterung bzw. Temperaturbehandlung unterworfen. Dabei tritt eine im wesentlichen punktuelle Legierungsbildung mit dem Kupfer zwar nicht in allen Herstellungsvarianten ein, diese wird aber mit den weiter unten angegebenen Merkmalen vorteilhaft erreicht, wodurch die Standfestigkeit des Gleitkontaktstücks weiter erheblich erhöht werden kann. This object is achieved according to the principle that in the Manufacturing process either by premixing a copper free matrix or subsequently when mixing a copper-containing matrix as Main mixture is a substitute based on a metal from the group Zinc, tin, bismuth or their alloys is added. After the subsequent one Pressing the sliding contact piece becomes a sintering or subjected to temperature treatment. This essentially occurs selective alloy formation with copper not in all production variants one, but this is given with the below Features advantageously achieved, thereby the stability of the sliding contact piece can be further increased significantly.
Wenn die Zugabe des Metalls als Ersatzstoff aus der Gruppe Zink, Zinn, Wismut oder deren Legierungen gemäß Anspruch 1 bei dem Vormischen von Graphit und Kunststoffbinder erfolgt, wird das als Ersatzstoff zugesetzte Metall zum überwiegendem Teil in die Graphit/Kunststoffmischung so eingebaut, daß eine Abschirmung zum Kupfer, welches später zugegeben wird, erfolgt und eine Legierungsbildung mit dem Kupfer unterbleibt.If the addition of the metal as a substitute from the group zinc, tin, Bismuth or its alloys according to claim 1 in the premixing graphite and plastic binder, the added as a substitute Metal predominantly in the graphite / plastic mixture so built in that a shield to the copper, which later added is carried out and alloy formation with the copper is omitted.
Die Zugabe des Ersatzstoffs kann aber statt dessen auch anschließend gemäß Anspruch 2 bei dem Mischen der Hauptmischung mit Kupfer durchgeführt werden. Dabei wird bevorzugt nur soviel Ersatzstoff zugesetzt, daß nicht das gesamte Kupfer bzw. Kupfermatrix zu einer Messinglegierung umgewandelt wird, sondern daß nur sogenannte Messinginseln gebildet werden. Dadurch tritt eine vorteilhafte punktuelle Härtesteigerung gegenüber Kupfer und beispielsweise Zinn ein, welche die Standfestigkeit des Gleitkontaktstücks erhöhen kann. Wenn jedoch eine solche punktuelle Härtesteigerung nicht gewünscht wird, kann sie über eine Minimierung der Reibmittelzugabe kompensiert werden.However, the addition of the substitute can instead also be carried out subsequently Claim 2 carried out in the mixing of the main mixture with copper become. Only as much substitute is preferably added that not all of the copper or copper matrix is converted into a brass alloy is, but that only so-called brass islands are formed. As a result, there is an advantageous punctual increase in hardness Copper and, for example, tin, which are the stability of the sliding contact piece can increase. However, if such a selective increase in hardness is not desired, it can be minimized by the addition of friction be compensated.
Statt der vorgenannten Ersatzstoffe kann gemäß Anspruch 3 der Hauptmischung mit Kupfer direkt feines Messingpulver zugesetzt werden. Bei der anschließenden Temperaturbehandlung des Gleitkontaktstücks kann die Temperatur so niedrig gehalten werden, daß das Messingpulver mit dem Kupfer keine Legierung eingeht.Instead of the aforementioned substitutes, the main mixture can according to claim 3 fine copper powder can be added directly with copper. In the subsequent temperature treatment of the sliding contact piece can Temperature be kept so low that the brass powder with the Copper has no alloy.
Als Ersatzstoff kann bei dem Vormischen des Graphits mit Kunststoffbinder ein Oxid des Metalls aus der vorgenannten Gruppe Zink, Zinn, Wismut oder deren Legierungen zugesetzt werden. As a substitute, the graphite can be premixed with a plastic binder an oxide of the metal from the aforementioned group zinc, tin, bismuth or whose alloys are added.
Der Zusatz eines solchen Oxids kann wiederum gemäß Anspruch 5 auch bei dem Mischen der Hauptmischung durchgeführt werden.The addition of such an oxide can in turn also in accordance with claim 5 mixing the main mix.
Besonders bevorzugt wird bei dem Vormischen gemäß Anspruch 6 oder bei dem Mischen der Hauptmischung nach Anspruch 7 ein basisches Carbonat eines Metalls aus der genannten Gruppe Zink, Zinn, Wismut oder deren Legierungen zugesetzt, wobei wiederum basisches Zinkcarbonat nach Anspruch 8 besonders bevorzugt ist, weil sich daraus besonders günstige Eigenschaften des Gleitkontaktstücks, insbesondere der Standfestigkeit ergeben. Die in feiner Form zugesetzten basischen Carbonate fördern die Legierungsbildung bei dem sich an die Herstellung der Hauptmischung anschließenden Sinterungsprozeß bzw. bei der Temperaturbehandlung mit dem Ergebnis einer besonders langen Einsatzdauer der Gleitkontaktstücke.Is particularly preferred in the premixing according to claim 6 or in mixing the main mixture according to claim 7, a basic carbonate a metal from the group mentioned zinc, tin, bismuth or their alloys added, again basic zinc carbonate according to claim 8 is particularly preferred because it has particularly favorable properties the sliding contact piece, especially the stability. The basic carbonates added in fine form promote the formation of alloys in which following the preparation of the main mixture Sintering process or with temperature treatment with the result a particularly long service life of the sliding contact pieces.
Im einzelnen werden gemäß Anspruch 9 durch die Zugabe von ca. 2 bis 5 Gewichtsprozenten Zinkhydroxidcarbonat zu ca. 30 bis 70 Gewichtsprozenten Kupfermatrix in der Hauptmischung die weiter oben genannten vorteilhaften Messinginseln bei der anschließenden Temperaturbehandlung gebildet.Specifically, according to claim 9, the addition of about 2 to 5 Weight percent zinc hydroxide carbonate to about 30 to 70 weight percent Copper matrix in the main mixture the advantageous mentioned above Brass islands formed during the subsequent temperature treatment.
Zur Legierungsbildung mit dem in Form des basischen Carbonats zugesetzten Ersatzstoff erfolgt die Sinterung und Temperaturbehandlung der gepreßten Gleitkontaktstücke vorteilhaft mit den Schritten gemäß Anspruch 10, wobei in einem ersten Schritt die Gleitkontaktstücke bei einer Temperatur in dem Bereich 150 bis 250 °C in Stickstoffatmosphäre gesintert werden, in einem zweiten Schritt die Sinterung weiter bei erhöhter Temperatur von 300 bis 450 °C fortgesetzt wird, in einem dritten Schritt die Sinterung unter Zugabe von Wasserstoff zur Sinteratmosphäre bei einer Temperatur über 450 °C fortgesetzt wird und schließlich eine Legierungsbildung zeitabhängig bei einer Temperatur über 300 °C erfolgt.To form alloys with the added in the form of the basic carbonate The sintering and temperature treatment of the pressed material takes place as a substitute Sliding contact pieces advantageously with the steps according to claim 10, in a first step, the sliding contact pieces at a temperature in the range 150 to 250 ° C are sintered in a nitrogen atmosphere, in a second step further sintering at an elevated temperature of 300 to 450 ° C is continued, in a third step the sintering Add hydrogen to the sintering atmosphere at a temperature above 450 ° C and finally an alloy formation depending on the time at a temperature above 300 ° C.
Gemäß Anspruch 11 ist das Gleitkontaktstück mit seinen vorteilhaften Eigenschaften, insbesondere Standfestigkeit, nach einem der erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellt.According to claim 11, the sliding contact piece with its advantageous properties, in particular stability, according to one of the invention Process manufactured.
Im nachfolgenden wird als bevorzugtes Beispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens die Zugabe von basischem Zinkcarbonat zu einer Hauptmischung mit Kupferanteilen in der Matrix dargestellt.The following is a preferred example of the invention Process the addition of basic zinc carbonate to a main mixture shown with copper in the matrix.
Der Hauptmischung wird das Zinkcarbonat in einer sehr feinen Körnung zugemischt,
welches als erste Stufe
Nach Verpressung des Gleitkontaktstücks erfolgt bei dessen Sinterung in
Stickstoffatmosphäre und in einem Temperaturbereich von 150 bis 250 °C,
insbesondere 180 °C, als erstes eine Umwandlung zu einer zweiten Stufe
After pressing the sliding contact piece, when it is sintered in a nitrogen atmosphere and in a temperature range from 150 to 250 ° C., in particular 180 ° C., the first step is a conversion to a second stage
In einer Variante ist der Zusatz von Zinkoxid möglich, wenn die Stufen 2 und 3 erzeugt werden sollen.In a variant, the addition of zinc oxide is possible if stages 2 and 3 are to be generated.
Als weitere Variante kann auch der Zusatz von Zink erfolgen, wenn die Stufe 4 erzeugt werden soll.As a further variant, zinc can also be added when the step 4 should be generated.
Grundsätzlich kann die Zugabe des basischen Zinkcarbonats in Abwandlung des obigen Beispiels auch zu einer kupferfreien Matrix in der Vormischung erfolgen, wobei die gleichen Vorgänge wie oben beschrieben, jedoch ohne abschließende Legierungsbildung, durchlaufen werden. Die Legierungsbildung ist allerdings zum Erzielen der hohen Standfestigkeit der Gleitkontaktstücke, wie oben erwähnt, besonders vorteilhaft. Im übrigen können jedoch die angestrebten, blei- und antimonersetzenden Wirkungen des Zusatzstoffes in allen oben beschriebenen Zuständen einschließlich einer Legierungsbildung erreicht werden.Basically, the addition of the basic zinc carbonate can be modified of the example above to a copper-free matrix in the premix take place, the same procedures as described above, but without final alloy formation. Alloy formation is, however, to achieve the high stability of the sliding contact pieces, as mentioned above, particularly advantageous. Otherwise, you can however, the desired lead and antimony replacing effects of the additive in all the conditions described above including alloy formation can be achieved.
Claims (11)
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei dem Vormischen des Graphits und Kunststoffbinders ein Metall aus der Gruppe Zink, Zinn, Wismut oder deren Legierungen zugesetzt wird.Process for the production of a sliding contact piece for medium to high current densities, in which graphite is warm premixed with a plastic binder, then the resulting premix is cold mixed with copper, then the main mixture produced is pressed to the sliding contact piece, which is finally sintered,
characterized in that a metal from the group consisting of zinc, tin, bismuth or their alloys is added during the premixing of the graphite and plastic binder.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei dem Mischen der Hauptmischung mit Kupfer ein Metall aus der Gruppe Zink, Zinn, Wismut oder deren Legierungen zugesetzt wird. Process for the production of a sliding contact piece for medium to high current densities, in which graphite is warm premixed with a plastic binder, then the resulting premix is cold mixed with copper, then the main mixture produced is pressed to the sliding contact piece, which is finally sintered,
characterized in that when the main mixture is mixed with copper, a metal from the group of zinc, tin, bismuth or their alloys is added.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei dem Mischen der Hauptmischung mit Kupfer Messingpulver zugesetzt wird.Method according to claim 2,
characterized in that when the main mixture is mixed with copper, brass powder is added.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei dem Vormischen von Graphit und Kunststoffbinder ein Oxid eines Metalls aus der Gruppe Zink, Zinn, Wismut oder deren Legierungen zugesetzt wird.Process for the production of a sliding contact piece for medium to high current densities, in which graphite is warm premixed with a plastic binder, then the resulting premix is cold mixed with copper, then the main mixture produced is pressed to the sliding contact piece, which is finally sintered,
characterized in that an oxide of a metal from the group of zinc, tin, bismuth or their alloys is added during the premixing of graphite and plastic binder.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei dem Mischen der Hauptmischung ein Oxid eines Metalls aus der Gruppe Zink, Zinn, Wismut oder deren Legierungen zugesetzt wird. Process for the production of a sliding contact piece for medium to high current densities, in which graphite is warm premixed with a plastic binder, then the resulting premix is cold mixed with copper, then the main mixture produced is pressed to the sliding contact piece, which is finally sintered,
characterized in that an oxide of a metal from the group of zinc, tin, bismuth or their alloys is added when the main mixture is mixed.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei dem Vormischen von Graphit und Kunststoffbinder ein basisches Carbonat eines Metalls aus der Gruppe Zink, Zinn, Wismut oder deren Legierungen zugesetzt wird.Process for the production of a sliding contact piece for medium to high current densities, in which graphite is warm premixed with a plastic binder, then the resulting premix is cold mixed with copper, then the main mixture produced is pressed to the sliding contact piece, which is finally sintered,
characterized in that a basic carbonate of a metal from the group of zinc, tin, bismuth or their alloys is added in the premixing of graphite and plastic binder.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei dem Mischen der Hauptmischung ein basisches Carbonat eines Metalls aus der Gruppe Zink, Zinn, Wismut oder deren Legierungen zugesetzt wird.Process for the production of a sliding contact piece for medium to high current densities, in which graphite is warm premixed with a plastic binder, then the resulting premix is cold mixed with copper, then the main mixture produced is pressed to the sliding contact piece, which is finally sintered,
characterized in that a basic carbonate of a metal from the group of zinc, tin, bismuth or their alloys is added when the main mixture is mixed.
gekennzeichnet durch
Zinkcarbonat als basisches Carbonat. Method according to claim 6 or 7,
marked by
Zinc carbonate as basic carbonate.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ca. 2 bis 5 Gewichtsprozent Zinkhydroxidcarbonat zu ca. 30 bis 70 Gewichtsprozent Kupfermatrix in der Hauptmischung zugegeben werden.A method according to claim 8,
characterized in that about 2 to 5 percent by weight zinc hydroxide carbonate is added to about 30 to 70 percent by weight copper matrix in the main mixture.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gleitkontaktstücke in einem ersten Schritt bei einer Temperatur in dem Bereich 150 bis 250 °C in Stickstoffatmosphäre gesintert werden, daß in einem zweiten Schritt die Sinterung weiter bei erhöhter Temperatur von 300 bis 450 °C fortgesetzt wird, daß in einem dritten Schritt die Sinterung unter Zugabe von Wasserstoff zur Sinteratmosphäre bei einer Temperatur über 450 °C bis zu einer Endtemperatur von 600 °C fortgesetzt wird und schließlich als vierter Schritt eine Legierungsbildung zeitabhängig bei einer Temperatur über 300 °C erfolgt.Method according to one of the preceding claims, in particular claims 6 to 9,
characterized in that the sliding contact pieces are sintered in a first step at a temperature in the range 150 to 250 ° C in a nitrogen atmosphere, in a second step the sintering is continued at an elevated temperature of 300 to 450 ° C, in a third step Step the sintering is continued with the addition of hydrogen to the sintering atmosphere at a temperature above 450 ° C. up to a final temperature of 600 ° C. and finally, as a fourth step, alloy formation occurs at a temperature above 300 ° C. as a function of time.
Kupfer-/Kohlenstoffbasis mit einer Beimengung eines Metalls,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es nach einem Verfahren gemäß wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 hergestellt ist.Sliding contact piece for medium to high current densities
Copper / carbon base with an admixture of a metal,
characterized in that it is produced by a method according to at least one of claims 1 to 9.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10201923 | 2002-01-19 | ||
| DE10201923A DE10201923B4 (en) | 2002-01-19 | 2002-01-19 | Method for producing a sliding contact piece for medium to high current densities |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1329993A2 true EP1329993A2 (en) | 2003-07-23 |
| EP1329993A3 EP1329993A3 (en) | 2005-12-21 |
| EP1329993B1 EP1329993B1 (en) | 2008-01-02 |
Family
ID=7712536
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02026559A Expired - Lifetime EP1329993B1 (en) | 2002-01-19 | 2002-11-28 | Manufacturing method for sliding contact for medium and high current |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US7449144B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1329993B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP4073319B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE382969T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE10201923B4 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3168944A1 (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2017-05-17 | Schunk Gerhard Carbon Technology GmbH | Sliding contact |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2865858B1 (en) * | 2004-02-04 | 2016-10-07 | Carbone Lorraine Applications Electriques | BROOMS FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS OPERATING AT HIGH TEMPERATURE |
| JP2008118831A (en) | 2006-11-08 | 2008-05-22 | Mabuchi Motor Co Ltd | Metal graphite brush |
| PL223163B1 (en) | 2012-10-04 | 2016-10-31 | Gdański Univ Medyczny | New probes for detecting bacteria of the genus Acinetobacter baumannii, oligonucleotide primers, a method and kit for the analysis of medical and environmental samples |
| CN103972758A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-08-06 | 台州昊泽碳制品有限公司 | Low-noise motor and electric brush combination |
| RU2602569C1 (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2016-11-20 | федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Южно-Уральский государственный университет (национальный исследовательский университет)" (ФГАОУ ВО "ЮУрГУ" (НИУ)") | Method of producing electric carbon articles |
| RU2613245C1 (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2017-03-15 | федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Южно-Уральский государственный университет" (национальный исследовательский университет)" (ФГАОУ ВО "ЮУрГУ" (НИУ)") | Method of producing graphite fiber articles |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE154287C (en) * | ||||
| DE289101C (en) * | ||||
| DE182445C (en) * | 1905-10-01 | 1907-02-04 | Geb Siemens & Co | Process for making sliding and pressure contacts made of metal alloys and carbon. |
| US1067003A (en) * | 1909-08-16 | 1913-07-08 | Nat Carbon Co | Process of making electrical conductors. |
| CH82327A (en) * | 1919-01-28 | 1919-09-16 | Siemens & Co Geb | Process for making sliding and pressure contacts made of metal and carbon |
| US2252277A (en) * | 1939-04-20 | 1941-08-12 | James R Tate | Molded porous electrical brush and the like |
| DE845977C (en) * | 1942-11-13 | 1952-08-07 | Lorraine Carbone | Process for the production of brushes for electrical machines |
| US2411060A (en) * | 1943-05-13 | 1946-11-12 | Gen Electric | Contact element |
| US2581301A (en) * | 1948-07-20 | 1952-01-01 | Saywell Associates | Antifriction composition |
| US3067319A (en) * | 1959-11-10 | 1962-12-04 | Air Reduction | Metal-graphite brush with welded shunt |
| DE1273054B (en) * | 1963-05-01 | 1968-07-18 | Morganite Carbon Ltd | Contact brushes for electrical machines and their manufacturing process |
| JPS556695B2 (en) * | 1974-12-28 | 1980-02-19 | ||
| GB1568403A (en) * | 1976-03-20 | 1980-05-29 | Lucas Industries Ltd | Method of producing a sintered composition |
| JPS5514513A (en) * | 1978-07-14 | 1980-02-01 | Sony Corp | Recording and reproducing unit for digital signal |
| US5227689A (en) * | 1989-08-11 | 1993-07-13 | Mabuchi Motor Co., Ltd. | Metal-filled graphite for miniature motors and method of making same |
| DE4024021A1 (en) * | 1990-07-28 | 1992-01-30 | Ringsdorff Werke Gmbh | Sliding electrically- and heat-conducting article contg. carbon - esp. for transferring electric current with body of filled temp.-resistant conductive synthetic resin bonded to 2nd body |
| DE59105627D1 (en) * | 1991-07-22 | 1995-07-06 | Carbone Ag | Sliding contact piece for high current densities. |
| DE4343736A1 (en) * | 1993-12-21 | 1995-06-22 | Mando Machine Co Ltd | Copper graphite brush prodn, useful in small motor for small car |
| JP3782446B2 (en) * | 1994-04-28 | 2006-06-07 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | High-strength, high-temperature, self-lubricating composite material and manufacturing method thereof |
| US6222298B1 (en) * | 1997-06-08 | 2001-04-24 | Mitsuba Corporation | Carbon commutator and method for producing the same |
| US6132487A (en) * | 1998-11-11 | 2000-10-17 | Nikko Materials Company, Limited | Mixed powder for powder metallurgy, sintered compact of powder metallurgy, and methods for the manufacturing thereof |
| AUPP773998A0 (en) * | 1998-12-16 | 1999-01-21 | Public Transport Corporation of Victoria | Low resistivity materials with improved wear performance for electrical current transfer and methods for preparing same |
-
2002
- 2002-01-19 DE DE10201923A patent/DE10201923B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-11-28 AT AT02026559T patent/ATE382969T1/en active
- 2002-11-28 EP EP02026559A patent/EP1329993B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-11-28 DE DE50211452T patent/DE50211452D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-01-17 US US10/346,824 patent/US7449144B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-01-17 JP JP2003009275A patent/JP4073319B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-09-18 US US12/284,081 patent/US20090029184A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3168944A1 (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2017-05-17 | Schunk Gerhard Carbon Technology GmbH | Sliding contact |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE50211452D1 (en) | 2008-02-14 |
| US20090029184A1 (en) | 2009-01-29 |
| US20030135993A1 (en) | 2003-07-24 |
| ATE382969T1 (en) | 2008-01-15 |
| US7449144B2 (en) | 2008-11-11 |
| EP1329993A3 (en) | 2005-12-21 |
| EP1329993B1 (en) | 2008-01-02 |
| JP2003272795A (en) | 2003-09-26 |
| DE10201923B4 (en) | 2006-05-24 |
| JP4073319B2 (en) | 2008-04-09 |
| DE10201923A1 (en) | 2003-08-07 |
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