EP1213367A1 - Procédé de fabrication de pièces en alliages légers, avec un réfroidissement avant préssage - Google Patents
Procédé de fabrication de pièces en alliages légers, avec un réfroidissement avant préssage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1213367A1 EP1213367A1 EP01402944A EP01402944A EP1213367A1 EP 1213367 A1 EP1213367 A1 EP 1213367A1 EP 01402944 A EP01402944 A EP 01402944A EP 01402944 A EP01402944 A EP 01402944A EP 1213367 A1 EP1213367 A1 EP 1213367A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pressing
- light alloy
- alloy
- parts
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title description 28
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title description 12
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 aluminum-silicon-magnesium Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010273 cold forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D31/00—Cutting-off surplus material, e.g. gates; Cleaning and working on castings
- B22D31/002—Cleaning, working on castings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for production of castings made of an alloy light, especially in aluminum alloy.
- the parts cast by molding in a sand mold or metallic have a coarse eutectic structure, porosities or inclusions and mainly gas inclusions, and a rough surface finish.
- Document FR-2 614 814 describes a process of this type in which the pressing operation is carried out cold or at low temperature, the matrix prints showing dimensions slightly smaller than those of the room.
- This additional step provides castings with better performance mechanical, especially in terms of elongation and tensile strength.
- document EP-816,042 provides for a cooling and solidification of the part in the mold, the molded part then being subjected to a heating step to obtain liquefaction partial of the alloy, especially at a temperature between 500 and 550 ° C.
- This reheating facilitates the flow of crystals and therefore provides a homogeneous distribution, this which also helps to improve the properties mechanics of the casting obtained.
- the object of the invention is to overcome these disadvantages by proposing a process, very simplified by compared to the processes currently used, this process also allowing parts to be obtained, the mechanical characteristics are optimized.
- the invention relates to a method for manufacture castings, made of light alloy, which consists of filling a mold with a light alloy to liquid state, to unmold the part after solidification and pressing the part in between footprints of a matrix.
- this process includes a step intermediate produced after demolding and before pressing, this intermediate step consisting of rapidly cool the molded part, so that obtain a homogeneous structure, the pressing then being performed at room temperature.
- the invention therefore stands out completely from currently used processes in which the parts are hot pressed, during molding or forging.
- the parts are cold pressed, as in more technical old illustrated for example in document FR-2 614 814 and, moreover, the molded part is cooled quickly and therefore undergoes a quenching treatment before pressing.
- This rapid cooling provides a part of homogeneous structure, thanks to the dissolution of the alloy resulting from the casting process.
- the method according to the invention uses a property particular of light alloys, among others aluminum, in the quenched state: these have a very good forging or forming ability due to increased ductility.
- a light alloy and hardened casting has a ductile structure and can be formed cold.
- the predetermination of dimensions of the final piece is easily achievable by means of modeling simple numerical (calculation in the field of forging cold, depending on the elastoplastic behavior of the material without the need to take effect into account thermal).
- the part obtained by this type of forming presents dimensional accuracy as well as a surface condition, a structure of matter and a reduction of porosities or inclusions very significantly improved by compared to a part obtained by hot forging.
- the process according to the invention hardens the grains on the surface, refines and fiber the structure, which improves the resistance in room service.
- the surface finish can be assessed using the roughness. Measurements made on parts obtained by the method according to the invention have given a value about 1.5 ⁇ m. For comparison, the roughness of a gross foundry part is between 8 and 10 ⁇ m while that obtained by a process of the type described in EP-199 365 or EP-955 113 is approximately 3 ⁇ m.
- cold forging presents another significant advantage compared to hot forging, since it reduces the mass of metal required to get the finished piece.
- the application of pressure has intended to move the material to close areas of discontinuity due to inclusions.
- burrs which are used in particular for the regulation of these flows during forging, are greater at hot than cold.
- the part After pressing between the two cavities of the die, the part can be kept at temperature room. It is an aging treatment in natural atmosphere (maturation).
- the metal alloy then tends to find balance, a phenomenon which is responsible for structural hardening by temperature maturation room.
- the part is subject to income treatment.
- Such income processing accelerates the return to alloy balance and it translates generally by a more severe hardening of the alloy.
- the imprints of the matrix can have dimensions slightly smaller than those of the mold which allows to obtain, during pressing, a core pressing and wrought.
- the part is cast at a temperature T 1 at which the alloy is in liquid form, then the part is solidified to a lower temperature T 2 .
- the temperature T 1 is between 740 and 760 ° C.
- period B the quenching treatment is carried out, the temperature of the part changing from temperature T 2 to ambient temperature.
- the process continues during period D, by a tempering treatment, the part is then heated to a temperature T 3 .
- This income treatment optimizes the mechanical characteristics by precipitation of alloying elements, in particular in the case of alloys aluminum.
- Tempering temperatures are included typically between 80 ° C and 200 ° C, depending on the shade for aluminum alloys.
- the temperature T 3 is preferably between 80 ° C and 140 ° C.
- the method according to the invention avoids any heat treatment while improving mechanical characteristics of the parts obtained.
- the method according to the invention does not require reheating of parts and temperature maintenance before forging.
- income treatment can be used to get rid of the time required for maturation.
- income processing lasts between 1 and 3 hours and takes place at a temperature between 80 ° C and 200 ° C.
- the process according to the invention leads to a very high reduction of the manufacturing cycle (around 10 hours) and energy consumption (around 85%).
- the method according to the invention also results in a reduction in the number of treatment facilities thermal.
- the implementation of the process according to the invention will require two ovens and that of a process of the EP-955 113 type will require four ovens.
Landscapes
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
Abstract
Description
| Procédé utilisé | Procédé selon l'invention | Procédé du type EP-955 113 |
| Epaisseur de la bavure nécessaire au forgeage | 0 à 4 mm | 3 à 5 mm |
| Masse de métal nécessaire pour obtenir la pièce/masse de métal de pièce finie (mise au mille induite par le forgeage) | 1 à 1.1 | ≥ 1.4 |
Claims (4)
- Procédé pour fabriquer des pièces coulées, réalisées en un alliage léger, consistant:caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une étape intermédiaire, après le démoulage de la pièce et avant son pressage, consistant à refroidir rapidement la pièce démoulée de façon à obtenir une structure homogène, le pressage étant ensuite réalisé à température ambiante.à remplir un moule avec un alliage léger à l'état liquide,à démouler la pièce après solidification età soumettre la pièce à un pressage entre les deux empreintes d'une matrice,
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la pièce est maintenue à température ambiante après le pressage.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'après le pressage, la pièce est soumise à un traitement de revenu.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les empreintes de la matrice présentent des dimensions légèrement inférieures à celles du moule.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0014856 | 2000-11-17 | ||
| FR0014856A FR2816858B1 (fr) | 2000-11-17 | 2000-11-17 | Procede de fabrication de pieces en alliages metalliques, avec un refroidissement avant pressage |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1213367A1 true EP1213367A1 (fr) | 2002-06-12 |
| EP1213367B1 EP1213367B1 (fr) | 2008-05-28 |
Family
ID=8856590
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01402944A Expired - Lifetime EP1213367B1 (fr) | 2000-11-17 | 2001-11-16 | Procédé de fabrication de pièces en alliages légers, avec un refroidissement avant pressage |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1213367B1 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE397102T1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE60134207D1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2816858B1 (fr) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2386576A (en) * | 2002-03-06 | 2003-09-24 | Adcock Tech Ltd | Deforming a component with a die tool |
| FR2864459A1 (fr) * | 2003-12-24 | 2005-07-01 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Procede de fabrication de pieces en alliage leger avec un refroidissement avant pressage et sans bavures |
| WO2009006939A1 (fr) * | 2007-07-09 | 2009-01-15 | Bharat Forge Aluminiumtechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Coulée-forgeage d'alliages de corroyage |
| EP2286941A1 (fr) * | 2009-07-30 | 2011-02-23 | Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH | Composant de châssis pour un véhicule automobile et son procédé de fabrication |
| EP2332671A1 (fr) * | 2009-11-24 | 2011-06-15 | Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH | Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de véhicule automobile |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1711000A (en) * | 1925-07-02 | 1929-04-30 | Gen Motors Res Corp | Method of making wrought-metal articles |
| EP0119365A1 (fr) * | 1983-03-14 | 1984-09-26 | Thomas Di Serio | Procédé pour fabriquer des pièces en aluminium ou en alliage d'aluminium |
| US4775426A (en) * | 1986-04-03 | 1988-10-04 | Richards Medical Company | Method of manufacturing surgical implants from cast stainless steel and product |
| FR2614814A3 (fr) * | 1987-05-04 | 1988-11-10 | Serio Thomas Di | Procede pour fabriquer des pieces en aluminium, alliages divers et tous alliages en general |
| EP0816042A1 (fr) * | 1996-07-03 | 1998-01-07 | GUIDO BAGGIOLI S.N.C. DI BAGGIOLI GIUSEPPE & PELLEGRINI CLEMENTINA | Procédé pour la fabricaiton de pièces moulées en alliage |
| EP0955113A1 (fr) * | 1998-05-04 | 1999-11-10 | Emile Di Serio | Procédé pour fabriquer des pièces en alliages coulés, et notamment en aluminium |
-
2000
- 2000-11-17 FR FR0014856A patent/FR2816858B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-11-16 AT AT01402944T patent/ATE397102T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-11-16 DE DE60134207T patent/DE60134207D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-16 EP EP01402944A patent/EP1213367B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1711000A (en) * | 1925-07-02 | 1929-04-30 | Gen Motors Res Corp | Method of making wrought-metal articles |
| EP0119365A1 (fr) * | 1983-03-14 | 1984-09-26 | Thomas Di Serio | Procédé pour fabriquer des pièces en aluminium ou en alliage d'aluminium |
| US4775426A (en) * | 1986-04-03 | 1988-10-04 | Richards Medical Company | Method of manufacturing surgical implants from cast stainless steel and product |
| FR2614814A3 (fr) * | 1987-05-04 | 1988-11-10 | Serio Thomas Di | Procede pour fabriquer des pieces en aluminium, alliages divers et tous alliages en general |
| EP0816042A1 (fr) * | 1996-07-03 | 1998-01-07 | GUIDO BAGGIOLI S.N.C. DI BAGGIOLI GIUSEPPE & PELLEGRINI CLEMENTINA | Procédé pour la fabricaiton de pièces moulées en alliage |
| EP0955113A1 (fr) * | 1998-05-04 | 1999-11-10 | Emile Di Serio | Procédé pour fabriquer des pièces en alliages coulés, et notamment en aluminium |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2386576A (en) * | 2002-03-06 | 2003-09-24 | Adcock Tech Ltd | Deforming a component with a die tool |
| GB2386576B (en) * | 2002-03-06 | 2004-02-25 | Adcock Tech Ltd | A method of manufacture of a metallic component, apparatus when used in the method and a method of finishing a metallic component |
| FR2864459A1 (fr) * | 2003-12-24 | 2005-07-01 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Procede de fabrication de pieces en alliage leger avec un refroidissement avant pressage et sans bavures |
| EP1550522A1 (fr) * | 2003-12-24 | 2005-07-06 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA | Procédé de fabrication de pièces en alliage léger avec un refroidissement avant pressage et sans bavures |
| WO2009006939A1 (fr) * | 2007-07-09 | 2009-01-15 | Bharat Forge Aluminiumtechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Coulée-forgeage d'alliages de corroyage |
| EP2286941A1 (fr) * | 2009-07-30 | 2011-02-23 | Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH | Composant de châssis pour un véhicule automobile et son procédé de fabrication |
| EP2332671A1 (fr) * | 2009-11-24 | 2011-06-15 | Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH | Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de véhicule automobile |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE397102T1 (de) | 2008-06-15 |
| DE60134207D1 (de) | 2008-07-10 |
| EP1213367B1 (fr) | 2008-05-28 |
| FR2816858B1 (fr) | 2003-07-11 |
| FR2816858A1 (fr) | 2002-05-24 |
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