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EP1283284A1 - Dispositif d'étirage et procédé pour la fabrication de filaments synthétiques étirés - Google Patents

Dispositif d'étirage et procédé pour la fabrication de filaments synthétiques étirés Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1283284A1
EP1283284A1 EP02008897A EP02008897A EP1283284A1 EP 1283284 A1 EP1283284 A1 EP 1283284A1 EP 02008897 A EP02008897 A EP 02008897A EP 02008897 A EP02008897 A EP 02008897A EP 1283284 A1 EP1283284 A1 EP 1283284A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filaments
heating
temperature
stretching
take
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02008897A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Engelbert Löcher
Robert Dr. Groten
Peter Dengel
Helmut Leiner
Georges Riboulet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carl Freudenberg KG
Original Assignee
Carl Freudenberg KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carl Freudenberg KG filed Critical Carl Freudenberg KG
Publication of EP1283284A1 publication Critical patent/EP1283284A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/02Heat treatment
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/098Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a stretching device comprising a Spinning device and a pneumatic take-off device and a Process for the production of stretched plastic filaments, according to which melt-spun filaments with a single titer greater than 1 dTex behind a spinning device is cooled to at least solidification temperature and be stretched by means of a pneumatic take-off device for which Manufacture of plastic threads, staple fibers or nonwovens.
  • plastic filaments by melt spinning consists in Basically from three process steps. First the polymer is by means of of an extruder melted, then the spinning takes place Filaments using a spinneret with capillary holes or several spinnerets. Finally, the spun is stretched Filaments to reduce the cross section as well as change the to achieve mechanical properties of the plastic filaments or fibers. The reduction in the cross section of the spun filament is for many technical and textile applications an essential requirement.
  • the filaments are stretched by means of a draw-off device mechanically via godets or pneumatically via a Jet.
  • a high spinning speed favors the Training of improved mechanical properties compared to a lower spinning speed, but at the same time also in the filament even structural differences between the surface and the interior of the Filaments produced for a reduction in strength or Modulus of elasticity of the filaments compared to a re-drawn filament are responsible.
  • US 2 604 667 teaches the manufacture of oriented threads without special ones Stretching device for post-stretching by using a Take-off speed of at least 4700 m / min. This high Speed is required to achieve high strength. Will the If the speed falls below, the filaments produced have a high Strain. To achieve this pull-off speed, you can driven rollers or an air nozzle can be used.
  • U.S. 2,604,667 deals primarily with the production of yarns, but is also mentioned the production of staple fibers when using an air nozzle as a take-off device, as well as for the production of spunbonded fabrics from spun, endless filaments using one operated in the sonic to supersonic range pneumatic nozzle of a trigger device.
  • DE-OS 2 117 659 describes a method for producing threads and Fibers by melt spinning capillaries from synthetic, linear Known polymers that works at take-off speeds up to 3500 m / min.
  • the withdrawal speed is by the speed of one Specified pair of godets.
  • a heating element in which is a plastic thread consisting of 50 filaments at temperatures above the solidification point and below the melting temperature is heated, whereby a stretch ratio of up to 1: 2 is achieved.
  • Farther is the production of spunbonded nonwovens from filaments with a fine single titer and specifically adjusted strength and elongation mentioned, but without this to elaborate.
  • plastic fibers from polymers especially polyamide, Polyester or polypropylene by melt spinning is made from DE 40 21 545 a system with at least one spinneret, a blow shaft, a heating shaft, a preparation device, godet and one Coil device known, the heating shaft generating countercurrent Blowing devices, e.g. Has blow nozzles.
  • the heating shaft generating countercurrent Blowing devices, e.g. Has blow nozzles.
  • the document DE-A 197 05 113 discloses a generic device and a process for producing drawn plastic filaments, in the Heater the plastic filaments in countercurrent with a flow of heating medium be warmed.
  • the object of the invention is an apparatus and a method specify that a compared to the known devices and methods allow more compact design in terms of the length of the heater and for the production of stretched plastic filaments with a titer larger 1 dTex are suitable, as well as filaments with higher strength and a bring about reduced stretch.
  • the stretching device has a between the Spinning device and the take-off device arranged heating device, in which a heating medium brings the plastic filaments to a temperature between them Glass temperature and their melting temperature warmed.
  • Endless filaments made of thermoplastic can be produced on this system Plastic, e.g. polyester (PES), polyamide (PA), polypropylene (PP), Polyethylene (PE) etc. by single or multiple spinning (two layers, segmented, coaxial, etc.) for technical or textile applications.
  • PET polyester
  • PA polyamide
  • PP polypropylene
  • PE Polyethylene
  • the mechanical properties of those produced by melt spinning Filaments improve significantly, especially with the same titer, with regard to the tensile strength, the elongation behavior, the modulus of elasticity and the thermal shrinkage of the filaments and more Nonwovens.
  • the heating device is preferably one into which the heating medium is fed at a flow rate of 5 to 50 m 3 / h and generates a static excess pressure of 0.05 to 1.0 bar.
  • the stretching device is advantageously one in which the heating device is an infrared heater.
  • the static overpressure in the stretching device according to the invention is 0.1 to 0.5 bar.
  • the heater may be hot with hot air or other, preferably neutral gas, but also gas mixtures with additives, especially steam.
  • the air is at a temperature heated between the glass temperature and the melting temperature of the Filament lies.
  • the stretching is due to the difference in the entry speed of the Filaments in the heater and the rate of entry of the filaments defined in the trigger device.
  • means for producing a Spunbond may be provided. These funds result in a filing of over pneumatic withdrawal device conveyed plastic filaments into one two-dimensional structures, just a spunbond, being used for the plastic filaments no further mechanical funding is required.
  • inventive device and the method on segmented Multifilaments preferably subsequently by a hydrodynamic Treatment will be divided or split into their elementary filaments Surprisingly, with the same energy input of the division or Degree of grit increased, or can be with the same division or Reduce the degree of splitting of the multifilaments and the energy input required for this.
  • the length of the heater can be compared to the level the technology can be shortened.
  • the stretching device can also be produced by means for producing Staple fibers are supplemented, with the plastic filaments in short fibers get cut. These fibers are particularly suitable for Manufacture of non-woven fabrics.
  • the invention further relates to a process for the production of stretched Plastic filaments, with melt-spun filaments behind one Spinning device cooled at least to solidification temperature and by means of stretched in a pneumatic take-off device and then in a Heater be heated for the purpose of stretching, the Filaments for the purpose of drawing in a heater on a Temperature between their glass temperature and their melting temperature be warmed.
  • the filaments in the heating device are preferably blown with a gaseous heating medium heated to a temperature above the solidification point at a flow rate of 20 to 50 m 3 / h, which generates a static excess pressure of 0.05 to 1.0 bar ,
  • the plastic filaments therefore have a higher strength with less elongation.
  • the heating is advantageously carried out by an infrared heating device, which is arranged at right angles to the vertically moving filaments.
  • the method is preferably carried out such that between the Heater and the trigger device a post-stretching in one Stretch ratio of 1.1 to 1.5 takes place.
  • the filaments are blown in the temperature range from 100 ° C to 350 ° C.
  • the volume rate of the heating medium is between 5 m 3 / h to 50 m 3 / h steam.
  • the properties of the to be manufactured Plastic filaments are influenced. So it is possible to increase the amount of heating medium and adjust their temperature so that thread stretching less than 60% is achieved, or the withdrawal speed of the filaments Set the amount of heating medium current and its temperature so that at the same Take-off speed a relative increase in the tensile strength of the post-drawn filaments of at least 20% compared to a simple drawn filament is achieved, preferably a tensile strength of the Filaments of at least 32 cN / Tex, particularly preferably 34 to 45 cN / Tex is achieved, or the amount of heating medium and its temperature set so that a hot air shrinkage of at most 6% (at 180 ° C, 15 min) is achieved. This applies in particular if PES is used as the material becomes.
  • the plastic filaments can be used for production a fleece are placed on a support or for the production of Staple fibers are cut, the cut filaments for i Processing can be filled in further processes.
  • plastic filaments are particularly advantageous Production of a nonwoven, the filaments having a tensile strength of have at least 32 cN / Tex and an elongation of less than 60%.
  • the plastic filaments as continuous filaments can be stored, for the production of a nonwoven fabric, the process can obtained staple fibers can be used.
  • the stretching device shown in Fig. 1 a and b for the production of stretched plastic fibers comprises a spinning device 1, which is known in the art Way molten plastic is supplied. Over in the spinner 1 arranged spinnerets occurs one of the number of openings in the spinnerets corresponding number of filaments 2 made up of one together Filament bundle 3 result. Usually up to 400 filaments are added summarized in a filament bundle. After exiting the spinneret the filaments 2 are cooled below the solidification temperature, one additional cooling device 4 can be provided. Thereby form crystalline and amorphous zones in the single filament.
  • the cooled filaments 2 are now fed to a heating device 5 and bundled there so that a parallel course through the heating device 5 he follows.
  • the heating device 5 has a heating shaft 6, to which a heating medium 8, in particular steam, is supplied.
  • the flow direction of the heating medium 8 in the heating shaft 6 can flow to the filament bundle 3 or in countercurrent.
  • Removal device 10 is arranged, with which on the filament bundle 3 Traction is exerted. This is done pneumatically via a Venturi nozzle 11, which is supplied with high-pressure air 12, so that the narrowest cross section reaches the speed of sound and in further course the speed of sound is exceeded.
  • the filament bundle 3 emerging from the take-off device 10 can be in are processed in a known manner to a plastic thread, for generation cut from staple fibers or to make a spunbond serve. The latter is described for example in FR 74 20 254.
  • FIG. 2 shows an overview of the speed profile of the spun filaments for various systems or processes.
  • a take-off speed of 6000 m / min the filaments experience a shock-like cooling due to the very high speed gradients in the longitudinal and transverse directions, see curve A.
  • the speed gradient of the spinning path is greater than 2x10 4 1 / s, and the cooling rate is of the order of 26000 ° C / s.
  • a reduction in speed to 4400 m / min take-off speed decreases the speed gradient and the cooling speed clear how can then be read from curve B. However, takes also the breaking load and the elongation at break.
  • Table 1 shows various test results with and without a heating device for different mass flow rates of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with a melting point of 256 ° C and a viscosity of 190 Pas compared at 290 ° C.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • a spinning device 1 and Extraction device 10 existing stretching device for the production of Filaments used.
  • the second experimental arrangement V differs from the first in that that between the spinning device 1 and the take-off device 10 a Heating device 5 according to the invention was provided, in which the Filaments heated to a temperature above the solidification temperature were, but the melting temperature is not reached.
  • the filaments emerging from the approximately 300 ° C hot spinning device are cooled by air flow at room temperature, the filaments in the heating device are heated to 270-300 ° C at a steam volume rate of between 20 and 30 m 3 / h.
  • the temperature of the gaseous fluid 8 for polyolefins must be adjusted in accordance with the respective melting temperature.
  • the mass flow rate of gaseous fluid 8 depends, among other things, on the amount of filaments to be drawn, the polymer or polymers used, the degree of drawing and the pre-drawing between the spinning device 1 and the heating device 5.
  • the filaments are suitable due to their improved mechanical Properties particularly for the production of nonwovens, being used as a material thermoplastics, e.g. Polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT); Polyamides such as polyamide 6 (PA 6), polyamide 6.6 (PA 6.6), polyamide 11 (PA 11), Polyamide 4.6 (PA 4.6) or polyolefins such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) or their copolymers come into question.
  • the filaments can too be made from several different materials, known ones Spinning techniques are used.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
EP02008897A 2001-08-09 2002-04-20 Dispositif d'étirage et procédé pour la fabrication de filaments synthétiques étirés Withdrawn EP1283284A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10139228A DE10139228A1 (de) 2001-08-09 2001-08-09 Verstreckvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung verstreckter Kunststoffilamente
DE10139228 2001-08-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1283284A1 true EP1283284A1 (fr) 2003-02-12

Family

ID=7694963

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02008897A Withdrawn EP1283284A1 (fr) 2001-08-09 2002-04-20 Dispositif d'étirage et procédé pour la fabrication de filaments synthétiques étirés

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20030034585A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1283284A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003055831A (fr)
CN (1) CN1401830A (fr)
BR (1) BR0203103A (fr)
CA (1) CA2395921A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10139228A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA200206193B (fr)

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE602005004234T2 (de) * 2004-11-10 2009-01-08 Carl Freudenberg Kg Dehnbare Vliesstoffe
US8048503B2 (en) * 2005-07-29 2011-11-01 Gore Enterprise Holdings, Inc. Highly porous self-cohered web materials
US7655584B2 (en) * 2005-07-29 2010-02-02 Gore Enterprise Holdings, Inc. Highly porous self-cohered web materials
US20070027551A1 (en) * 2005-07-29 2007-02-01 Farnsworth Ted R Composite self-cohered web materials
US20070026039A1 (en) * 2005-07-29 2007-02-01 Drumheller Paul D Composite self-cohered web materials
US7850810B2 (en) * 2005-07-29 2010-12-14 Gore Enterprise Holdings, Inc. Method of making porous self-cohered web materials
US20070026040A1 (en) * 2005-07-29 2007-02-01 Crawley Jerald M Composite self-cohered web materials
US7655288B2 (en) * 2005-07-29 2010-02-02 Gore Enterprise Holdings, Inc. Composite self-cohered web materials
US7604668B2 (en) * 2005-07-29 2009-10-20 Gore Enterprise Holdings, Inc. Composite self-cohered web materials
TWI337634B (en) * 2007-12-27 2011-02-21 Taiwan Textile Res Inst Apparatus and method for manufacturing nonwoven fabric
US8881497B2 (en) * 2009-07-22 2014-11-11 Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for removing and drawing a synthetic thread and a device for performing the method
JP2012046831A (ja) * 2010-08-24 2012-03-08 Fujifilm Corp 紡糸方法及び紡糸装置
CN102677201A (zh) * 2011-03-18 2012-09-19 江苏鑫龙化纤机械有限公司 干热牵伸箱的箱体结构
CN104514039A (zh) * 2014-06-30 2015-04-15 河南盛世塑业有限公司 一种塑料成丝机
CN105437282B (zh) * 2015-12-16 2017-04-26 重庆嘉威特节能玻璃有限公司 一种新型移动式玻璃制造拉伸成型设备
CN106350873B (zh) * 2016-09-22 2018-11-02 南通纺织丝绸产业技术研究院 一种热熔静电一体化纺丝机设备
CN108823719B (zh) * 2018-08-10 2020-08-11 杭州华远特种纤维有限公司 一种dty丝线的生产工艺

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2445477A1 (de) * 1973-09-26 1975-03-27 Celanese Corp Verfahren zur schnelleren herstellung und strukturellen modifikation von polymeren faeden und folien
EP0034880A1 (fr) * 1980-02-18 1981-09-02 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Procédé de fabrication d'un fil continu par filage au fondu d'un polyethylene terephthalate et fils de polyester ainsi produits
DE19705113A1 (de) * 1997-02-12 1998-08-13 Freudenberg Carl Fa Verstreckvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung verstreckter Kunststoffilamente

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL7101603A (fr) * 1971-02-06 1972-08-08
DE2117659A1 (de) * 1971-04-10 1972-10-19 Farbwerke Hoechst AG, vormals Meister Lucius & Brüning, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren zum Herstellen von Fäden und Fasern
DE4021545A1 (de) * 1990-07-06 1992-01-16 Engineering Der Voest Alpine I Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von kunststoffaeden oder -fasern aus polymeren, insbesondere polyamid, polyester oder polypropylen
DE19631879C2 (de) * 1996-08-07 2000-03-30 Brown John Deutsche Eng Gmbh Verfahren und Spinnvorrichtung zum Herstellen von Kunststoffäden aus Polymeren im Wege des Schmelzspinnens

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2445477A1 (de) * 1973-09-26 1975-03-27 Celanese Corp Verfahren zur schnelleren herstellung und strukturellen modifikation von polymeren faeden und folien
EP0034880A1 (fr) * 1980-02-18 1981-09-02 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Procédé de fabrication d'un fil continu par filage au fondu d'un polyethylene terephthalate et fils de polyester ainsi produits
DE19705113A1 (de) * 1997-02-12 1998-08-13 Freudenberg Carl Fa Verstreckvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung verstreckter Kunststoffilamente
WO1998036110A1 (fr) * 1997-02-12 1998-08-20 Firma Carl Freudenberg Dispositif d'etirage et procede pour la fabrication de filaments synthetiques etires

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR0203103A (pt) 2003-05-27
CN1401830A (zh) 2003-03-12
DE10139228A1 (de) 2003-03-06
ZA200206193B (en) 2003-04-03
CA2395921A1 (fr) 2003-02-09
JP2003055831A (ja) 2003-02-26
US20030034585A1 (en) 2003-02-20

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