EP1263953A2 - Famille de canaux potassium humains mecanosensibles et actives par les acides gras polyinsatures et leur utilisation - Google Patents
Famille de canaux potassium humains mecanosensibles et actives par les acides gras polyinsatures et leur utilisationInfo
- Publication number
- EP1263953A2 EP1263953A2 EP01915465A EP01915465A EP1263953A2 EP 1263953 A2 EP1263953 A2 EP 1263953A2 EP 01915465 A EP01915465 A EP 01915465A EP 01915465 A EP01915465 A EP 01915465A EP 1263953 A2 EP1263953 A2 EP 1263953A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pathologies
- human
- sequence
- potassium channel
- animal subject
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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- 108020001213 potassium channel Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
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- 229940114079 arachidonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 22
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- FTALBRSUTCGOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Riluzole Chemical compound C1=C(OC(F)(F)F)C=C2SC(N)=NC2=C1 FTALBRSUTCGOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/705—Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P21/00—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
- A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P5/00—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/14—Vasoprotectives; Antihaemorrhoidals; Drugs for varicose therapy; Capillary stabilisers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new class of mechanosensitive potassium channels activated by polyunsaturated fatty acids.
- the invention is based on the discovery of a new human potassium channel, called hTRAAK for human T ICK-Related AA-Actived K + channel, mechanosensitive activated by polyunsaturated fatty acids and also by riluzole which is a neuroprotective agent.
- hTRAAK for human T ICK-Related AA-Actived K + channel
- mechanosensitive activated by polyunsaturated fatty acids and also by riluzole which is a neuroprotective agent.
- the properties of the TRAAK family channels and their tissue distribution give these channels a key role in the transport of potassium in a large number of cell types.
- Potassium channels are ubiquitous proteins and their exceptional functional diversity makes them ideal candidates for a large number of biological processes. They intervene in particular in the regulation of neuronal and muscular excitability, on the heart rate and on the secretion of hormone.
- T IK-1, T IK-2, TASK-1, TASK-2, TREK-1 and TRAAK (Chavez et al., 1999; Duprat et al., 1997; Fin et al., 1996; Fink et al., 1998; Lesage et al., 1996; Reyes et al., 1998).
- sequence identity between these channels is weak (less than 30%).
- TWIK-1 and T IK-2 are weak internal K + channels.
- TASK-1 and TASK-2 are external K + rectifying channels sensitive to pH variations extracellular in a narrow physiological range.
- TREK-1 another external rectifying K + channel, is activated by membrane stretching, polyunsaturated fatty acids, intracellular acidosis and inhaled anesthetics (Maingret et al., 1999 (b); Patel et al., 1999; Patel et al., 1998). All of these two-pore K + channels have extensive tissue distribution.
- TRAAK the second K + channel activated by cloned polyunsaturated fatty acids, is the only one exclusively expressed in the central nervous system (Fink et al., 1998; Maingret et al., 1999a).
- the present invention is based on the discovery and the cloning of a new channel designated hTRAAK, member of the family of T channels IK.
- the gene encoding this channel shares all the functional properties of its murine equivalent (Fink et al., 1998; Maingret et al., 1999a) and also is mainly expressed in neuronal tissues.
- this new class of potassium channels and the heterologous expression of these channels makes it possible in particular to have new means for screening by screening for drugs capable of modulating the activity of these potassium channels and therefore of preventing or treating diseases involving these channels, such as epilepsy, cardiac (arrhythmias) and vascular pathologies, neurodegenerations, particularly those associated with ischemia and anoxia, endocrine pathologies associated with abnormalities in hormone secretion, muscle pathologies, retinal pathologies.
- diseases involving these channels such as epilepsy, cardiac (arrhythmias) and vascular pathologies, neurodegenerations, particularly those associated with ischemia and anoxia, endocrine pathologies associated with abnormalities in hormone secretion, muscle pathologies, retinal pathologies.
- the present invention therefore relates to a purified protein constituting a mechanosensitive human potassium channel activated by polyunsaturated fatty acids, in particular arachidonic acid and by riluzole. More particularly, the invention relates to the protein constituting the human TRAAK channel, the amino acid sequence of which is represented in the sequence list in the appendix under the number SEQ ID No: 2 or a variant, a functionally equivalent derivative of this protein.
- Such variants are those whose sequence comprises a modification and / or a deletion and / or an addition of one or more amino acid residues, since this modification and / or deletion and / or addition does not modify the properties of the hTRAAK channel.
- Such variants can be analyzed by a person skilled in the art according to the techniques described in the examples given below which have made it possible to demonstrate the biophysical and pharmacological properties of the hTRAAK channel.
- Poly or monoclonal antibodies directed against at least one protein constituting an ion channel of the invention can be prepared by the conventional methods described in the literature. These antibodies are useful for searching for the presence of the ion channels of the invention in different human or animal tissues, but they can also find applications in the therapeutic field for inhibiting or activating in vivo, thanks to their specificity, an hTRAAK channel and / or its derivatives.
- the present invention also relates to a purified nucleic acid molecule comprising or consisting of a nucleic sequence coding for a protein constituting a mechanosensitive human potassium channel activated by polyunsaturated fatty acids, in particular arachidonic acid and by riluzole. More particularly, the invention relates to a nucleic acid molecule comprising at least one sequence coding for the protein constituting the hTRAAK channel, the amino acid sequence of which is represented in the sequence list in the appendix under the number SEQ ID No: 2 or a variant, functionally equivalent derivative of this protein. A DNA molecule comprising the sequence coding for the hTRAAK protein is represented in the sequence list in the appendix under the number SEQ ID NO: 1. The invention also relates to its complementary sequence.
- the invention also relates to a vector comprising at least one preceding nucleic acid molecule, advantageously associated with suitable control sequences, as well as a process for the production or expression in a cellular host of a protein constituting an ion channel according to the invention.
- a vector comprising at least one preceding nucleic acid molecule, advantageously associated with suitable control sequences, as well as a process for the production or expression in a cellular host of a protein constituting an ion channel according to the invention.
- the preparation of these vectors as well as the production or the expression in a host of the channels of the invention can be carried out by the techniques of molecular biology and genetic engineering well known to those skilled in the art.
- a process for producing a protein constituting a cation channel according to the invention consists:
- a method of expression of an ion channel according to the invention consists in: transferring a nucleic acid molecule of the invention or a vector containing said molecule in a cellular host,
- the cell host used in the above methods can be chosen from prokaryotes or eukaryotes and in particular from bacteria, yeasts, mammalian, plant or insect cells.
- the vector used is chosen according to the host to which it will be transferred; it can be any vector such as a plasmid.
- the invention also relates to cellular hosts and more particularly to transformed cells expressing potassium channels exhibiting properties and a structure of the type of those of the hTRAAK channel obtained in accordance with the preceding methods. These cells are useful for the screening of substances capable of modulating the currents of the TRAAK channels. This screening is carried out by bringing variable quantities of a substance to be tested into contact with cells expressing the channels of the invention, then by measuring, by any appropriate means, the possible effects of said substance on the potassium currents of said channels. Electrophysiological techniques also allow these studies and are also the subject of the present invention since they use the hTRAAK channels or their variants. This screening method makes it possible to identify drugs capable of modulating the activity of the potassium channels of the invention and therefore capable of preventing or treating diseases involving these channels. These substances and their use as medicaments, isolated and detected by the above methods, are also part of the invention.
- the invention therefore relates to a chemical or biological substance capable of modifying the currents of a potassium channel according to the invention for the preparation of a medicament useful for preventing or treating diseases of the heart or of the nervous system in a subject human or animal, such as cardiac (arrhythmias) and vascular pathologies, neurodegenerations, particularly those associated with ischemia and anoxia, endocrine pathologies associated with abnormalities in the secretion of hormones, muscular pathologies
- cardiac arrhythmias
- vascular pathologies particularly those associated with ischemia and anoxia
- neurodegenerations particularly those associated with ischemia and anoxia
- endocrine pathologies associated with abnormalities in the secretion of hormones muscular pathologies
- a nucleic acid molecule coding for a protein constituting an hTRAAK channel or a derivative thereof, or a vector comprising this nucleic acid molecule or a cell expressing TRAAK channels are also useful for the preparation of animals.
- transgenic They may be animals overexpressing said channels, but especially animals known as "knock out", that is to say having a deficiency in these channels; these transgenic animals are prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art, and make it possible to have living models for the study of animal pathologies associated with the TRAAK channels.
- transgenic animals as well as the cellular hosts described above are useful as models for the study of pathologies associated with these mechanosensitive potassium channels activated by polyunsaturated fatty acids, because they over-express the potassium channels of the hTRAAK channel type. , or because they have a deficiency in these potassium channels.
- the invention also relates to the in vitro diagnosis of pathologies in humans and / or in animals likely to involve said mechanosensitive potassium channel activated by polyunsaturated fatty acids, in particular arachidonic acid and by riluzole.
- This in vitro diagnosis could be accomplished by any means implementing a method of detection or localization in a biological sample, of said potassium channel or of the gene coding for said potassium channel.
- detection methods can use either poly or monoclonal antibodies directed against the protein, against a variant thereof or against at least one fragment thereof, constituting said ion channel, or one or more nucleotide probes capable of hybridize with the gene encoding said potassium channel, or with a variant thereof or with at least one fragment thereof.
- the invention relates to the use of the poly or monoclonal antibodies described above or of their fragments for the detection of pathologies in humans and / or in animals, characterized in that it comprises the detection of the mutation, and / or the deletion and / or addition of at least one amino acid in the protein constituting the potassium channel according to the invention or a variant thereof.
- the invention also relates to the use of the nucleic acid sequences according to the invention or of oligonucleotides derived therefrom for the detection of pathologies in humans or in the animal characterized in that it comprises the detection of the mutation, and / or of the deletion and / or of the addition of at least one nucleotide in said nucleotide sequences.
- These in vitro detection methods can be applied to the detection of any pathology involving the potassium channels of the invention, such as cardiac and vascular pathologies of pathologies of the nervous system associated with ischemia and anoxia, pathologies of the spinal cord, endocrine pathologies associated with abnormalities in the secretions of hormones, muscular pathologies, pathologies of the retina in a human or animal subject.
- a protein constituting an hTRAAK neural ion channel can also be useful for the manufacture of medicaments intended to treat or prevent pathologies involving these channels.
- the invention therefore also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising as active principle at least one of these proteins optionally associated with a physiologically acceptable vehicle.
- nucleic acid molecules of the invention or the cells transformed by said molecule are therefore capable of being used in gene therapy strategies in order to compensate for a deficiency in the hTRAAK channels in one or more tissues d 'a patient.
- the invention therefore also relates to a medicament comprising nucleic acid molecules of the invention or cells transformed by said molecules for the treatment of pathology involving the hTRAAK channels and their derivatives.
- FIG. 1A shows the topology of hTRAAK.
- FIG. 1B and SEQ ID NO: 1 represent the nucleotide sequence of the hTRAAK cDNA
- FIG. 1B and SEQ ID NO: 2 represent the amino acid sequence of the coding sequence.
- - Figure 2 shows the idiogram of the bands
- FIG. 4 shows the biophysical properties of hTRAAK recorded by the voltage technique imposed on COS cells transfected with a vector expressing hTRAAK.
- FIG. 4A shows that the current hTRAAK does not have an apparent voltaic activation threshold, is independent of time and cannot be activated.
- FIG. 4C shows the change in direction of the hTRAAK current in a physiological gradient (5 mM K + ext.
- FIG. 4D shows the properties of an hTRAAK channel alone.
- FIG. 5 shows the effect of arachidonic acid (AA) on the hTRAAK channel expressed in transfected COS cells.
- FIG. 5A shows the activity of human TRAAK potentiated by 10 ⁇ m of arachidonic acid (AA) in the whole cell configuration
- Figure 5B shows the effect of arachidonic acid (AA) on the hTRAAK channel expressed in transfected COS cells, when the external Na + is replaced by K + '
- Figure 5C shows the current induced by AA observed in an outside-out configuration.
- Figure 5D shows the current recorded for a single hTRAAK channel in an inside-out configuration at -
- FIG. 1B shows TRAAK cDNA sequence and genomic organization in humans.
- the ORF is made up of six exons.
- the transmembrane segment Ml is coded by exon 1, M2 by exon 3, M3 by exon 4 and M4 by exon 5.
- the second exon codes the C-terminal part of the MlP1 interdomain and the sixth the large C-terminal part of the canal (Fig 1A and IB).
- the introns are short except the first which is more than 3.8 Kb long (Fig IB).
- a gene encoding another K + channel with two pores of mammals, TWIK-1 has already been characterized (Arrighi et al., 1998).
- the organizations of TRAAK and TWIK-1 are rather different because TWIK-1 contains only three exons separated by two large introns.
- a common characteristic between these two genes is the presence of an intron in the first pore PI domain.
- the intron site is between the first and second nucleotides of the codon for the first glycine residue of the pore signature GYG sequence (Arrighi et al., 1998).
- telome llq The chromosomal assignment of human TRAAK was carried out by an analysis of hybrid radiation panels. As shown in Fig. 2, the gene encoding hTRAAK is located on chromosome llq and is telomeric at 5.34 cRays from the marker WI-1409 (Logarithm of the score> 21). Although hybrid radiation maps are not linked to cytogenetic maps, the most likely the hTRAAK gene is llql3. KCNK7 which contains a K + channel with two P domains was located on the telomeric chromosome llql3 at 6.4 cRays of WI-1409. This suggests that hTRAAK and KCNK7 are very close to each other (Saunas et al., 1999).
- hTRAAK The expression of hTRAAK in various human adult tissues was studied by RT-PCR analysis. As shown in Figure 3, TRAAK is expressed at the highest levels in the brain and the placenta. Only very weak signals were obtained in the testes, small intestine, prostate and kidney. hTRAAK has not been detected in the mouse placenta (Fink et al., 1998). The reason for this contradiction is not known. In si t u hybridization (Fink et al., 1998) and immunologically (Reyes et al., 2000) demonstrated that mouse TRAAK is specifically expressed in neuronal cells. The tissue distribution shown in Figure 3 suggests that hTRAAK may have the same restricted pattern of expression in humans.
- the hTRAAK current does not have an apparent voltaic activation threshold, is time independent and cannot be activated (fig. 4A).
- the I-V curve is rectifying outward and tumultuous with positive potentials
- the direction change potential closely follows the equilibrium value of K + (fig. 4C).
- the pharmacological properties of hTRAAK have been studied in the whole cell configuration.
- the AA stimulation of hTRAAK remains while the patch is excised (fig 5C).
- the two-domain P + K + channel sequences have been used to search for homologs in public DNA databases using the BLAST program (Altschul et al., 1990). This allowed the identification of a genomic sequence (Genbank accession number AC005848) which presents significant similarities with the mouse TRAAK.
- Two oligonucleotides were chosen from this genomic sequence corresponding to the equivalent sequences flanking the first initiation codon and the stop codon of mTRAAK: sense strand: 5 '-AGAATTCGCGCCATGCGCAGCACCACG-3' and anti strand direction: 5 '- TTTCTCGAGGCCCGGCCAGGGATCCTG-3' (SEQ ID NO: 4) introducing EcoRI and Xhol restriction sites respectively.
- the entire coding sequence was amplified from human brain cDNA by PCR using these primers and low error DNA polymerase and then subcloned into a pIRES-CD8 vector to give pIRES-CD8.
- hTRAAK Inserts from independent PCR-ligation experiments were sequenced on both strands and found to be identical.
- antisense primer 5 '-GAGGCCCGGCCAGGGATCCTG-3'
- the PCR conditions are 39 cycles of 30s at 94 ° C, 30s at 55 ° C and 30s at 72 ° C.
- the PCR products were separated by agarose electrophoresis and then transferred to charged nylon membranes.
- the blots were analyzed with a P32 5'-CCAGGCTGCCAGCTGGACTG-3 'oligonucleotide ide (SEQ ID NO: 7). The results were analyzed using the RH-MAPPER program at the Whitehead Institute.
- the primer sequences were for the sense primer: 5 '-CTCAGTGCTCACCACCATCG-3' (SEQ ID NO: 8).
- COS-7 cells were maintained in Eagle medium modified by Dulbecco supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. Plasmid pIRES-cD8-hTRAAK was transfected using the standard DEAE dextran method. The positive cells were visualized 48 h after transfection using the method of beads covered with the anti-CD8 antibody (Maingret et al., 1999a; Maingret et al., 1999b).
- the pipette solution contained 150 mM KCl, 3 mM MgCl 2 , 5 mM EGTA and 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.2 adjusted with KOH.
- the bath solution (EXT) contained 150 mM NaCl, 5 mM KCl, 3 mM MgCl 2 , 1 mM CaCl 2 and 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4 adjusted with NaOH.
- the solution in the pipette was EXT and the bath solution was INT.
- the K + rich EXT solution contained 150 mM KCl instead of 150 mM NaCl.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0003264 | 2000-03-14 | ||
| FR0003264A FR2806411B1 (fr) | 2000-03-14 | 2000-03-14 | Nouvelle famille de canaux potassium humains mecanosensibles et actives par les acides gras polyinsatures et leur utilisation |
| PCT/FR2001/000758 WO2001068670A2 (fr) | 2000-03-14 | 2001-03-14 | Famille de canaux potassium humains mecanosensibles et actives par les acides gras polyinsatures et leur utilisation |
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| EP01915465A Withdrawn EP1263953A2 (fr) | 2000-03-14 | 2001-03-14 | Famille de canaux potassium humains mecanosensibles et actives par les acides gras polyinsatures et leur utilisation |
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| US (1) | US20030049697A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1263953A2 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2003527114A (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2001242558A1 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2403201A1 (fr) |
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| FR2775688B1 (fr) * | 1998-03-05 | 2002-04-05 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Nouvelle famille de canaux potassium de mammiferes mecanosensibles et actives par les acides gras polyinsatures et leur utilisation notamment pour le criblage de drogues |
| WO2000026253A1 (fr) * | 1998-11-03 | 2000-05-11 | Smithkline Beecham P.L.C. | Canal potassique humain (h-traak) |
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- 2001-03-14 AU AU2001242558A patent/AU2001242558A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-03-14 WO PCT/FR2001/000758 patent/WO2001068670A2/fr not_active Ceased
- 2001-03-14 CA CA002403201A patent/CA2403201A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2001-03-14 EP EP01915465A patent/EP1263953A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-03-14 JP JP2001567760A patent/JP2003527114A/ja active Pending
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| FR2806411B1 (fr) | 2004-11-05 |
| FR2806411A1 (fr) | 2001-09-21 |
| AU2001242558A1 (en) | 2001-09-24 |
| CA2403201A1 (fr) | 2001-09-20 |
| JP2003527114A (ja) | 2003-09-16 |
| US20030049697A1 (en) | 2003-03-13 |
| WO2001068670A2 (fr) | 2001-09-20 |
| WO2001068670A3 (fr) | 2002-02-14 |
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