EP1026647A1 - Dispositif de défense d'une zone contre l'intrusion - Google Patents
Dispositif de défense d'une zone contre l'intrusion Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1026647A1 EP1026647A1 EP00102319A EP00102319A EP1026647A1 EP 1026647 A1 EP1026647 A1 EP 1026647A1 EP 00102319 A EP00102319 A EP 00102319A EP 00102319 A EP00102319 A EP 00102319A EP 1026647 A1 EP1026647 A1 EP 1026647A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- platforms
- bag
- platform
- defense device
- bags
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- IMACFCSSMIZSPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenacyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IMACFCSSMIZSPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B15/00—Identifying, scaring or incapacitating burglars, thieves or intruders, e.g. by explosives
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B15/00—Identifying, scaring or incapacitating burglars, thieves or intruders, e.g. by explosives
- G08B15/02—Identifying, scaring or incapacitating burglars, thieves or intruders, e.g. by explosives with smoke, gas, or coloured or odorous powder or liquid
Definitions
- the technical field of the invention is that of defenses of an area against an intrusion, devices with reduced lethality.
- the device according to the invention makes it possible to hinder non-toxic and non-lethal hacker progression across an area.
- the protected area can be located inside a building or outside.
- the operation of the device can be fully automatic or remotely controlled.
- the subject of the invention is a defense device a zone against intrusion, device characterized in that it includes at least one bag attached to at least one fixed platform, bag including a flexible envelope likely to be inflated by at least one gas generator or of fluid triggered by control means, envelope deploying above the platform so as to come cover a sufficient volume to allow a hinder area or to hinder progression through of the area defended by the device.
- the bag may have the shape of a torus surrounding an axial constraint zone.
- the device may include a plate attached to an upper part of the bag, plate which will be removed from the platform by deploying the bag.
- the platform may include at least a means of securing to the ground.
- the device may include at least two platforms arranged at near each other, inflating the bags of both platforms being substantially simultaneous, the space separating the two bags constituting a constraint zone.
- the two platforms can be linked mechanically to each other, for example by a cable.
- the device may include at least three platforms connected to each other in a chain by at least one cable, the inflation of the bags of the three platforms being substantially simultaneous, the space separating the bags constituting an area impediment.
- the device may include at least three platforms, each platform being secured to at least one different cable, the au at least three cables being fixed two by two to each other others so as to constitute an elementary mesh polygonal of a geometric network in which each platform is arranged on one side of the mesh polygon, the inflation of the bags attached to the platforms of a mesh elementary being substantially simultaneous, each mesh thus constituting a constraint zone.
- the device can then include means for fixing the cables to the ground.
- the control means can be connected to each other others by a link, wired or not, so as to ensure substantially simultaneous inflation of the bags delimiting an area impediment.
- the device may include a net covering the different platforms, net which will be raised by the inflation of the bags.
- the bag (s) and / or the net may be covered of an adhesive material.
- the gas generator may include at least one pyrotechnic generator.
- the gas generator may include at least one pressurized gas cylinder.
- the bag can carry a pressure limiter, such as a calibrated valve.
- the bag may have a reinforced envelope.
- a defense device 1 reduced lethality includes a platform 2 which is here slightly buried in the ground 3.
- Platform 2 is securely linked to the ground by anchoring means which are here constituted by metal rods 4 secured to the platform 2 and with teeth 4a cooperating with the ground
- the platform 2 contains a delimited toric chamber 5 by two concentric cylindrical walls 7a and 7b of axis 6.
- the bottom of the chamber is pierced with an opening 8 which allows to connect the internal volume of the chamber to a generator gas 9.
- Room 5 is closed at its upper part by a bag 11, also of tangent shape and comprising an envelope flexible.
- the bag 11 is made integral with the chamber 5 by fixing means integral with the cylindrical walls 7a, 7b, for example by gluing or by means of flanges or hose clamps.
- the upper face of the chamber 5 is closed by a fragmentable cover 10 intended to seal the system.
- This cover will be made for example of material thin plastic possibly endowed with ruptures circulars made to the right of the walls of the room. he could also be constituted by a flexible membrane.
- the bag 11 is made of a material which is both flexible and resistant for example in polyamide or Kevlar or in a elastic material such as an elastomer.
- Airbag technologies are good known in the field of automobile safety. We will be able to for example, refer to patent EP529371 which describes a material that can be used to make such a bag.
- the gas generator 9 here includes a generator pyrotechnic comprising a pyrotechnic composition gas generator 37 initiated by an igniter 38 at electrical initiation and whose triggering is provoked by electronic control means 14.
- the gas generating composition 37 which is here represented occupies substantially the entire bottom of chamber 5 and therefore has the form of an annular tablet. It would be good heard possible to have a composition tablet gas generator of cylindrical shape for example and which would be located in a given location in room 5.
- Pyrotechnic gas generators are well known in the area of automotive safety. We can by example refer to patents US5062367, FR2691706 and EP509655 which describe usable gas generators for automotive safety.
- the pyrotechnic gas generator is intended to ensure rapid inflation (of the order of 20 milliseconds) of envelope 11 of the bag.
- This first gas generator will advantageously supplemented by a second generator which is here constituted by a bottle of an inert gas under pressure (e.g. air or nitrogen).
- This bottle is connected in a way sealed at the opening 8 of the chamber 5 by a tube 12.
- a valve 13 with controllable opening is arranged on the tubing 12. It allows the bottle to communicate gas 9 with chamber 5 so as to maintain the inflation pressure of the bag 11 even in the event of a puncture localized.
- the opening of the valve 13 is controlled by means of electronic control 14, simultaneously or after a delay compared to the initiation of the igniter 38.
- the control means 14 is connected to alert means 15 (here microphones), and it incorporates a processing 16 of the warning signals making it possible to determine the nature of these and compare them to signals contained in briefs to determine the nature of the target detected.
- alert means 15 here microphones
- control means 14 is also connected to a target 18, for example a piezoelectric pressure sensor, which is arranged substantially at the axis 6 of the toroidal chamber and which makes it possible to detect the presence a support or a force in this central area 17 of the platform or obstruction area.
- a target 18 for example a piezoelectric pressure sensor, which is arranged substantially at the axis 6 of the toroidal chamber and which makes it possible to detect the presence a support or a force in this central area 17 of the platform or obstruction area.
- the control means 14 could advantageously be also connected to a means 19 for receiving orders from remote control in the form for example of Hertzian signals, means connected to an antenna 20 (here a conductive winding surrounding the platform 2).
- Approaching a target, such as an intruder entering an area protected by the device, is detected by the alert means 15.
- the processing unit checks the compliance of the detected target with the parameters set memory and places the device in the awake position.
- the means of command 14 causes the toric bag 11 to inflate.
- This bag deploys above platform 2 so to come cover enough volume to allow constitute a constraint zone trapping the foot of the intruder.
- platform 2 is firmly fixed to the ground by anchoring means 4.
- anchoring means 4 we can also cover the envelope of the bag 11 of an adhesive material such as an adhesive epoxy or acrylate.
- the volume of platform 2 allows for a bag large (around 500 liters) and to house a compressed gas cylinder ensuring the maintenance of the pressure even in the event of partial deflation due to piercing of the bag caused by the intruder.
- the envelope of the bag can be reinforced to avoid puncture like this will be explained later.
- a device could be produced in which only one pyrotechnic gas generator is provided, or well again a system using only one gas cylinder tablet to both deploy the bag and ensure the pressure maintenance.
- foam generator polymerizable for example polyurethane foam.
- This foam will solidify in the envelope of the bag 11 and will give this one rigidity increasing the hindrance.
- the patent WO8800882 describes such a foam in the application to the rapid production of floats.
- the autonomous operation of the device according to the invention may be supplemented or replaced by a remote control.
- a remote control In this case it is an observer located at distance, for example surveillance personnel, who will directly trigger the control means 14 and therefore the deployment of the bag 11 via the means 19 of reception of remote control commands.
- Figure 6 shows an embodiment of such valve 22 which includes a ring 23 for example in rubber and integral with the envelope 11 of the bag at the level a hole in it.
- the ring receives a partition 24 which closes its axial opening.
- the partition is made in plastic material and it has a thickness calibrated so as to rupture for a given pressure.
- a bag envelope 11 reinforced, for example by seams or strips of rubber 25 glued to the envelope and arranged in a network (figure 7). Such an arrangement will make the envelope more resistant to pressure and tearing by external aggressions.
- Figures 2a and 2b show a defense device against zone according to a second embodiment of the invention.
- This mode differs from the previous one first of all in that it combines two identical platforms 2a and 2b and comprising each one deployable bag 11.
- the chambers 5 on which the bags 11 are fixed are cylindrical and not toric.
- the bags will therefore deploy adopting a roughly spherical shape.
- the bags are again inflated by a pyrotechnic generator 37 initiated by an igniter 38.
- the pressure will possibly be maintained thanks to a bottle compressed gas 9.
- the platforms are also represented here lacking pressure sensors but only equipped with alert means 15 and means 19 which can ensure transmission and reception of remote control commands 26.
- the platforms are slightly buried and returned secured to the ground by anchoring means 4 and they are arranged at a distance from each other of the order of 0.6 m.
- the acoustic detection of the approach of one or more intruders in the protected area puts the system on alert.
- the processing unit 16 of the alert signals will be designed so as not only to determine the nature of the target detected but also in order to determine the proximity of target.
- means may be provided for additional target detection (not shown on the figures) for example magnetic sensors or optical barriers integral with the upper face of the platform and allowing to detect a passage of the intruder above the platform.
- the control unit When a platform detects the passage of the intruder to above it, the control unit causes the deployment of the bag 11. At the same time, it orders the deployment of the bag from the neighboring platform, this via means 19 which are shaped not only so receive commands from the remote control but also so that ability to issue remote control command 26 to platform neighbor (for example over the air).
- the volumes of the bags 11 and the relative positioning of the platforms relative to each other provide the creation of a hindrance zone 17 between the two bags, area that will trap the foot of the intruder.
- the intruder’s foot is located exactly at the level of the hindrance zone 17 when the bags are inflated. Indeed, the brutality of the deployment of the bags has already effect of destabilizing the intruder whose foot will slip from the above the platform towards the obstruction area.
- the inflation will then be caused when a foot is pressed on one of the two platforms, the resulting imbalance monitoring of the inflation of the neighboring platform (provided by the through remote control means 19) will be enough to destabilize the intruder and possibly to imprison all or part of his nobody at the level of the obstacle area.
- Figures 3a and 3b schematically show a third embodiment of a device according to the invention.
- platforms 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d which have a structure similar to that described with reference to the Figure 2a, are connected to each other by cables 27a, 27b, 27c and 27d.
- the platforms are placed on the ground or slightly buried.
- the function of cables is to make the different platforms from each other in a chain.
- the cables will be made for example of steel stainless steel or plastic (polyamide by example).
- the platforms will also advantageously connected to each other in a chain by connections electric 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d. These electrical connections have function to initiate the deployment of bags of different platforms from order transmitted by a single platform.
- This device is similar to that of the previous variant. Detection of an intruder in the protected area, either by passing over a platform either by resting his foot on a platform, go cause the deployment of the four bags 11a, 11b, 11c and 11d. These bags define an obstacle zone 17 which will imprison the foot or another part of the intruder.
- connection of the platforms in a chain allows possibly remove the anchoring means to the ground 4.
- the joining the different platforms together being sufficient to give rigidity and inertia to the assembly platforms.
- Figures 4a and 4b schematically show a fourth embodiment of a device according to the invention.
- At least three platforms (here four) 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d are arranged on the ground. Each platform is attached to a different cable 31a, 31b, 31c and 31d.
- the different cables are fixed two by two to each other to others by connecting means 33a, 33b, 33c and 33d of so as to constitute an elementary mesh 32, of shape polygonal, which can be repeated so as to constitute a network.
- the elementary mesh 32 is square but it could of course be diamond-shaped or parallelogram. It would also be possible to constitute a triangular elementary mesh from three platforms or a polygonal mesh from more than four platforms.
- the cables are made integral with the platforms by at least one connecting means, for example an integral ring of the platform (example shown for the platform 2g). It would also be possible to replace each cable by two portions of elementary cables (311b, 312b) fixed on either side of each platform (see example of platform 2b).
- the various cables will advantageously include means for fixing them to the ground, for example stakes 34a, 34b, 34c and 34d secured to each means of link 33a, 33b, 33c and 33d.
- FIG. 4a shows a second mesh constituted by the platform 2c and three other platforms 2e, 2f and 2g which are close to him.
- FIG. 4c shows an alternative embodiment of this last mode in which a net 35 (shown so partial for clarity of the figure) covers all platforms of at least one mesh 32.
- This net is made for example of rope or material plastic. It has a mesh size which will be chosen by example such that an intruder foot can pass through (square mesh about 300 mm side.
- the net will advantageously be covered with a material adhesive like glue which will make it more difficult disengagement of the intruder.
- Figure 5 shows an alternative embodiment of a platform with a non-toroidal bag that can be used alone or in combination with one or more other platforms.
- This platform 2 differs from the previous ones in that the bag 11 carries a plate 36 at its upper part made of metal or plastic. This plate can play the role of the protective cover 10 described with reference to Figure 1a. This plate will unbalance the intruder.
- One of the advantages of the different embodiments of the invention is that it becomes possible to easily realize and quickly setting up a site protection in open ground. This protection has an effect ensuring (following the solutions selected for the platforms) or a slower progression of intruders, i.e. hindrance or even immobilization of these and in all cases a deterrent.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
- Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Electronic Switches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- les moyens de commande pourront être reliés à des moyens de détection de cible,
- les moyens de commande pourront être reliés à au moins un capteur permettant de détecter la présence d'un intrus au niveau de la zone d'entravement,
- les moyens de commande pourront être reliés à des moyens de réception d'ordres de télécommande.
- la figure 1a montre un premier mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de défense selon l'invention, dispositif représenté en coupe longitudinale schématique et avant gonflage de l'enveloppe,
- la figure 1b montre ce même dispositif après gonflage de l'enveloppe,
- la figure 2a montre un deuxième mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de défense selon l'invention, dispositif représenté schématiquement et avant gonflage des enveloppes,
- la figure 2b montre ce deuxième mode de réalisation après gonflage des enveloppes,
- les figures 3a et 3b montrent un troisième mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de défense selon l'invention, dispositif représenté respectivement avant et après gonflage des enveloppes,
- les figures 4a et 4b montrent un quatrième mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de défense selon l'invention, dispositif représenté respectivement avant et après gonflage des enveloppes,
- la figure 4c montre une variante de réalisation d'un dispositif de défense selon l'invention.
- La figure 5 représente schématiquement une variante de réalisation d'une plate-forme d'un dispositif selon l'invention,
- la figure 6 est une vue partielle d'une soupape calibrée adaptable à l'enveloppe d'un sac,
- la figure 7 est une vue partielle d'une variante de réalisation d'une enveloppe de sac.
Claims (19)
- Dispositif (1) de défense d'une zone contre l'intrusion caractérisé en ce qu 'il comprend au moins un sac (11) solidaire d'au moins une plate-forme fixe (2), sac comprenant une enveloppe souple susceptible d'être gonflée par au moins un générateur (37,9) de gaz ou de fluide déclenché par des moyens de commande (14), enveloppe se déployant au dessus de la plate-forme de façon à venir couvrir un volume suffisant pour permettre de constituer une zone d'entravement (17) ou pour gêner une progression au travers de la zone défendue par le dispositif.
- Dispositif de défense selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le sac (11) a la forme d'un tore entourant une zone d'entravement axiale (17).
- Dispositif de défense selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une plaque (36) solidaire d'une partie supérieure du sac (11), plaque qui est écartée de la plate-forme par le déploiement du sac.
- Dispositif de défense selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la plate-forme (2) comporte au moins un moyen (4) d'arrimage au sol.
- Dispositif de défense selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins deux plates-formes (2a,2b) disposées au voisinage l'une de l'autre, le gonflage des sacs (11a,11b) des deux plates-formes étant sensiblement simultané, l'espace séparant les deux sacs constituant une zone d'entravement (17).
- Dispositif de défense selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les deux plates-formes sont reliées mécaniquement l'une à l'autre, par exemple par un câble.
- Dispositif de défense selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins trois plates-formes (2a,2b,2c) reliées les unes aux autres en chapelet par au moins un câble (27a,27b,27c), le gonflage des sacs des trois plates-formes étant sensiblement simultané, l'espace séparant les sacs constituant une zone d'entravement (17).
- Dispositif de défense selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins trois plates-formes (2a,2b,2c), chaque plate-forme étant solidaire d'au mains un câble différent (31a,31b,31c), les au moins trois câbles étant fixés deux par deux les uns aux autres de façon à constituer une maille élémentaire (32) polygonale d'un réseau géométrique dans lequel chaque plate-forme est disposée sur un côté du polygone de la maille, le gonflage des sacs solidaires des plates-formes d'une maille élémentaire étant sensiblement simultané, chaque maille constituant ainsi une zone d'entravement (17).
- Dispositif de défense selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens (34) permettant la fixation des câbles au sol.
- Dispositif selon une des revendications 5 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de commande (14) sont reliés les un aux autres par une liaison (26,30), filaire ou non, de façon à assurer un gonflage sensiblement simultané des sacs délimitant une zone d'entravement.
- Dispositif selon une des revendications 5 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un filet (35) recouvrant les différentes plates-formes (2), filet qui se trouve soulevé par le gonflage des sacs (11).
- Dispositif selon une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le ou les sacs et/ou le filet sont recouverts d'un matériau adhésif.
- Dispositif de défense selon une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de commande (14) sont reliés à des moyens (15) de détection de cible.
- Dispositif de défense selon une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de commande sont reliés à au moins un capteur (18) permettant de détecter la présence d'un intrus au niveau de la zone d'entravement.
- Dispositif de défense selon une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de commande (14) sont reliés à des moyens de réception (19) d'ordres de télécommande.
- Dispositif de défense selon une des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisé en ce que le générateur de gaz comprend au moins un générateur pyrotechnique (37).
- Dispositif de défense selon une des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisé en ce que le générateur de gaz comprend au moins une bouteille (9) de gaz sous pression.
- Dispositif de défense selon une des revendications 1 à 17, caractérisé en ce que le sac porte un limiteur de pression, tel qu'une soupape calibrée (22).
- Dispositif de défense selon une des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisé en ce que le sac présente une enveloppe renforcée.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9901536 | 1999-02-08 | ||
| FR9901536A FR2789507B1 (fr) | 1999-02-08 | 1999-02-08 | Dispositif de defense d'une zone contre l'intrusion |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1026647A1 true EP1026647A1 (fr) | 2000-08-09 |
| EP1026647B1 EP1026647B1 (fr) | 2005-08-24 |
Family
ID=9541807
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00102319A Expired - Lifetime EP1026647B1 (fr) | 1999-02-08 | 2000-02-03 | Dispositif de défense d'une zone contre l'intrusion |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1026647B1 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE302986T1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE60022104T2 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2245912T3 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2789507B1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004007286A1 (fr) * | 2002-07-12 | 2004-01-22 | Catherine Mitchell | Systeme de surveillance et de controle de securite |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4108477A1 (de) * | 1991-03-15 | 1992-09-17 | Horst Baumert | Sicherheitsvorrichtung fuer taxifahrer bei taetlichen angriffen |
| WO1997023852A1 (fr) * | 1995-12-21 | 1997-07-03 | Horst Georg Bugiel | Dispositif d'immobilisation temporaire de l'auteur d'une infraction |
| US5792976A (en) * | 1992-11-25 | 1998-08-11 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Rapidly deployable volume-displacement system for restraining movement of objects |
| DE19715464A1 (de) * | 1997-04-14 | 1998-10-29 | Martin Albrecht | Aktionsverhinderungssystem |
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1999
- 1999-02-08 FR FR9901536A patent/FR2789507B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-02-03 EP EP00102319A patent/EP1026647B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-02-03 AT AT00102319T patent/ATE302986T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-02-03 ES ES00102319T patent/ES2245912T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-02-03 DE DE60022104T patent/DE60022104T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4108477A1 (de) * | 1991-03-15 | 1992-09-17 | Horst Baumert | Sicherheitsvorrichtung fuer taxifahrer bei taetlichen angriffen |
| US5792976A (en) * | 1992-11-25 | 1998-08-11 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Rapidly deployable volume-displacement system for restraining movement of objects |
| WO1997023852A1 (fr) * | 1995-12-21 | 1997-07-03 | Horst Georg Bugiel | Dispositif d'immobilisation temporaire de l'auteur d'une infraction |
| DE19715464A1 (de) * | 1997-04-14 | 1998-10-29 | Martin Albrecht | Aktionsverhinderungssystem |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004007286A1 (fr) * | 2002-07-12 | 2004-01-22 | Catherine Mitchell | Systeme de surveillance et de controle de securite |
| GB2408131A (en) * | 2002-07-12 | 2005-05-18 | Catherine Mitchell | Security monitoring and protection system |
| GB2408131B (en) * | 2002-07-12 | 2006-03-01 | Catherine Mitchell | Security monitoring and protection system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE60022104D1 (de) | 2005-09-29 |
| FR2789507B1 (fr) | 2001-03-09 |
| ES2245912T3 (es) | 2006-02-01 |
| DE60022104T2 (de) | 2006-04-13 |
| FR2789507A1 (fr) | 2000-08-11 |
| EP1026647B1 (fr) | 2005-08-24 |
| ATE302986T1 (de) | 2005-09-15 |
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