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EP1079351B1 - Dispositif de surveillance d'un espace - Google Patents

Dispositif de surveillance d'un espace Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1079351B1
EP1079351B1 EP99116919A EP99116919A EP1079351B1 EP 1079351 B1 EP1079351 B1 EP 1079351B1 EP 99116919 A EP99116919 A EP 99116919A EP 99116919 A EP99116919 A EP 99116919A EP 1079351 B1 EP1079351 B1 EP 1079351B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
image sensor
window
image
sensor
illumination
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99116919A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1079351A1 (fr
Inventor
Martin Dr. Rechsteiner
Hansjürg Dr. Mahler
Martin Pfister
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Building Technologies AG
Original Assignee
Siemens Building Technologies AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Building Technologies AG filed Critical Siemens Building Technologies AG
Priority to DE59912046T priority Critical patent/DE59912046D1/de
Priority to EP99116919A priority patent/EP1079351B1/fr
Priority to AT99116919T priority patent/ATE295593T1/de
Publication of EP1079351A1 publication Critical patent/EP1079351A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1079351B1 publication Critical patent/EP1079351B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
    • G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
    • G08B13/19697—Arrangements wherein non-video detectors generate an alarm themselves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/02—Monitoring continuously signalling or alarm systems
    • G08B29/04—Monitoring of the detection circuits
    • G08B29/046—Monitoring of the detection circuits prevention of tampering with detection circuits

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for room surveillance, with a housing, at least one image sensor having an objective window, at least one an entrance window presence or motion sensor and with a control and Evaluation electronics to which said sensors are connected.
  • the known antimass devices of passive infrared sensors have an infrared transmitter and an infrared receiver and serve to detect the two types of coverage of the detector, these are the cover of the detector in a particular, possibly only small, distance from the detector window, and the immediate coverage of the detector window for example by covering with a foil or spraying with an infrared-opaque Spray, such as paint spray.
  • the first type of cover will be referred to as a remote cover and the second is referred to as a spray cover, wherein with Femabdeckung a cover at a distance of a few millimeters up to a maximum of about 15 cm from the detector window is meant.
  • the sabotage monitoring takes place in that the ultrasonic or microwave transmitter by briefly switching on / off or off / on emits a short pulse, creating a wide frequency spectrum, which then evaluated in terms of amplitude and time course in a certain frequency range becomes.
  • the mentioned parameters are set for changes in the room in front of the detector typical deviations from mean values or previous measurement results are investigated, in particular on such deviations necessary for the attachment of a shield or cover are characteristic of the detector.
  • a first preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that that the illumination means are arranged so that the light emission in the monitored space through the lens window and / or the entrance window or by a additional remote is done.
  • a second preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that that when light emission through an additional window, the lighting means are formed by a light source provided for displaying alarms.
  • a lighting means allows a clear Whether it is a dark room or whether the lens window or the whole device is covered, because with the lighting switched on, even in a dark Room still has a certain minimum brightness. Will, however, this minimum brightness is not reached when the lighting is switched on, then the lens window or the entire facility is covered and there is a sabotage attempt.
  • a third preferred embodiment is characterized in that in the monitored Space reflectors are provided, whose arrangement is chosen so that the at least an image sensor receives a clear signal when the lighting means are switched on.
  • the reliability and sabotage safety of the device according to the invention continues improved when said means for detecting sabotage means for storage and checking stable characteristics of the image taken by the image sensor.
  • the checking of the stable features is carried out in that the image of the monitored Space is examined for stable characteristics, and the stable found Features are compared with methods of image processing with the stored.
  • the inventive storage and verification of stable features allows detection partial coverage of the detector or the pretense of false scenes by a photo held in front of the image sensor or by changing the field of view of the detector.
  • the stable features are stored immediately after installation of the device; while the operation is then a periodic examination of the respective image after stable Characteristics and a comparison of the found with the stored stable features.
  • the illumination means are preferably activated only when the at least one Image sensor receives a dark image.
  • the check of the stable features is preferred then performed when the device is not armed, or when in the monitored There are no activities in the room because the processor is underutilized during this time is.
  • the decision as to whether or not activities take place in the monitored room takes place preferably based on the signal of the presence or movement sensor.
  • the inventive device with at least one image sensor and at least one Presence or motion sensor has both over known dual detectors as well compared to pure image sensors significant advantages. Compared with the dual detectors, at which no or only a very rough spatial resolution is possible, so that a distinction between human and animal often can not be done, is the inventive Detector much more robust.
  • the image sensor offers the possibility of classification objects based on their geometry and motion, and therefore intelligent monitoring as well as the verification and storage of events and the later retrievability of these.
  • the device according to the invention Compared with a pure image sensor, the device according to the invention has the advantage that they still the performance of a presence or even in poor lighting conditions Motion detector provides and thus fully functional. In addition, the presence or Motion detector, the image processing algorithms in the interpretation more difficult Support situations.
  • the device for room monitoring consists essentially of a hereinafter referred to as a detector multi-criteria motion detector 1 and one of the following as electronics control and evaluation 2 with a control stage 3 and a processing stage 4 for local evaluation of the signals of the detector 1.
  • a detector multi-criteria motion detector 1 and one of the following as electronics control and evaluation 2 with a control stage 3 and a processing stage 4 for local evaluation of the signals of the detector 1.
  • electronics control and evaluation 2 with a control stage 3 and a processing stage 4 for local evaluation of the signals of the detector 1.
  • This representation gives only the individual function blocks and not the concrete one apparatus construction of the device again.
  • certain Parts of the electronics in the detector 1 be present. The latter is especially true when in Detector 1 is a processing or pre-evaluation of the detector signals.
  • the detector 1 consists of at least one image sensor 5 and at least one below presence or motion sensor 6 referred to as P / B sensor.
  • the detector indicates Means 7 for emitting light in the visible or infrared range in the monitored Clean up.
  • Both the image sensor 5 and the P / B sensor 6 can each have a pre-processing stage (not shown) downstream, but also in the detector 1 or optionally may be included in the processing stage 4. Get from the preprocessing stages the signals in the processing stage 4th
  • the processing level 4 is autonomous and allows local decisions and / or display the images taken by the image sensor 5; preferably, it is also for transmission the images formed at a remote center 8, where then, for example, an additional Verification can be done.
  • the P / B sensor 6 is a motion or presence detector according to one of the known detection principles Passive infrared, active infrared, microwaves, ultrasound or any Combination of it.
  • CMOS Biid9ensor a so-called APS [APS: Active Pixel Sensor], which is characterized by a very low power consumption and by the possibility of access to individual pixels.
  • APS Active Pixel Sensor
  • additional application-specific analog or digital functions for example simple ones Image processing algorithms such as filters or exposure control, are easily integrated.
  • the image sensor 5 is directed to the space to be monitored, records this imagewise, digitizes the image and saves it as a reference image in a memory. If the image sensor 5 forming APS for example consists of 128 by 128 pixels, then would be in use a wide-angle lens at a distance of 15 m in front of the image sensor 5 one pixel a surface of about 12 by 12 cm. Such a screening is suitable, human and animal figures relatively reliably distinguish from each other.
  • the possibility of detecting a person at a distance of 15 m is very beneficial, and is the area of the monitored space at this detection distance of about 15 by 15 meters quite realistic.
  • the image sensor 5 makes the image sensor 5 at intervals fractions of a second each one image of the monitored space, stores them Pictures for a specific time and compares them to the reference image and / or each other.
  • the storage of the images is preferably controlled so that the images taken by the detector 1 immediately preceded and / or immediately follow this event, until saved on further and that the remaining pictures automatically after the said time to be deleted.
  • the image sensor 5 on large photosensitivity and a large dynamic range (sufficient visibility of details in strong light / dark contrast) optimized.
  • the functions integrated on the APS chip allow an automatic electronic Integrate the shutter with a dynamic of 1: 1000.
  • the P / B sensor 6 essentially serves the potential weaknesses of the image sensor 5 compensate. This includes in particular that the image sensor 5 below a critical Lighting does not provide any picture information, and that too a sharp change in picture information against the reference image is often not caused by an intruder. you For example, think of abrupt lighting changes in this context by turning on / off the street lighting, passing vehicles with flashing Headlamps, thunderstorms or the like may be caused. In these and similar Cases, by taking into account the signal of the P / B sensor 6, the robustness of the detector 1 significantly increased. The latter is achieved by a combined evaluation of the signals of the image sensor 5 and the P / B sensor 6 in the processing stage 4.
  • the detector 1 contains a distance meter (not shown), then this is in the presence a signal of the P / B sensor 6 of corresponding magnitude from the processing stage 4 activated via the control stage 3 and provides to the processing stage information about the Removal of the just detected event or object from the detector 1.
  • this Distance information can from the signal of the image sensor 5 clear conclusions on the Size of a detected object and thus on its nature, such as human or animal, be drawn.
  • the pre-evaluation is hardware and / or in the form of a processor core preferably integrated on the APS chip.
  • the pre-evaluation of the signals are the number the pixels changed from the reference image, their clustering and features the pixel cluster determines.
  • the reference image is constantly tracked, whereby detected Changes only after checking their stability in the reference image adopted become.
  • the reference image tracking can be done by including the signals of the P / B sensor 6 stable.
  • the combined evaluation of the signals gives a decision at the output of the processing stage 4 Alarm or non-alarm, this decision being essentially the image content, the overall lighting, the information from the P / B sensor 6 and the change and / or history this parameter, referred to below as global criteria, is taken into account. Plausibility connections are very helpful here: if, for example, lighting and image content change rapidly and sharply, but the signal of the P / B sensor 6 is weak, then no alarm is given, but the stability of the new image is checked and in this looking for movements. If the P / B sensor 6 reports no movement and only one Lighting and / or image change has taken place, then was certainly a lighting switched on or off so that there is no alarm.
  • the illustrated device for room monitoring corresponds largely to that in the European Patent Application No. 99103260.8 of the Applicant of the present patent application described two- or Mehrkriterienmelder with an image sensor. That's why Here the signal processing is not described in detail, but it is referred to the European Referenced patent application.
  • the detector 1 is a device equipped for sabotage monitoring, both for sabotage of the P / B sensor 6 as well as the image sensor 5.
  • the device for monitoring sabotage of the P / B sensor is an anti-masking device of the known type, the concrete training according to the in the P / B sensor 6 implemented detection principle.
  • Antimask wornen is on the cited in the introduction patent applications directed. Below is now the device for monitoring sabotage of the image sensor 5 will be described.
  • This device which is used to detect full coverage of the detector 1 or the Image sensor 5 is formed, consists essentially of the illumination means 7 and the these associated components of the electronics 2.
  • the illumination means 7 then send When the image sensor 5 receives a dark image of the monitored space, light enters it.
  • the wavelength of this light depends on the wavelength to which the image sensor 5 sensitive is, and the intensity is preferably selected so that the image sensor 5 also at Dark room registers a certain brightness. Due to the brightness conditions at On and off lighting, a cover can be detected.
  • the intensity of the light emitted by the illumination means 7 light selected so that the forming or 5 can recognize certain stable features of the monitored space (see below).
  • FIGS. 2a to 2d each show a detector 1 with an image sensor 5 and a lens window 9, a P / B sensor 6 and an entrance window 10 for infrared radiation and a lighting means 7 is shown.
  • the P / B sensor is preferably a passive infrared detector.
  • the lighting means 7 can be light through either the lens window 9 in the monitored 2a), or through the entrance window 10 for the infrared radiation (FIG. 2b), or through an additional window 11 ( Figure 2c). In the latter case, the lighting means 7 may be formed by the or one of the already present for alarm display LEDs. It is also possible to provide two illumination means 7 and 7 '(FIG. 2d), of which the one through the lens window 9 and the other through the entrance window 10 lights.
  • the suitable location for the arrangement of the illumination means 7 depends on the possible illuminance in relation to the room size, wherein the visibility of a cover depends substantially on the reflection factor R M of the covering material and the mean reflection factor R R of the monitored space.
  • the covering material will reflect a part of the radiation emitted by the illumination means 7, which the image sensor 5 recognizes as a cover.
  • the reliability of the arrangement according to FIG. 2a can be improved by comparing the signal of the reflected light with a nominal value measured in darkness, which includes both the reflection of the space and that of the objective window 9, or by checking stable features of the image (see below).
  • FIGS. 2 b and 2 c are in principle the same, since in both cases the light of the illumination means 7 is emitted by a separate window separated from the objective window 9. In these cases, the reflection factor R M of the covering material is irrelevant, and a cover of the lens window 9 can be recognized only at R R ⁇ 0. This means that the room just has to reflect so much light that it can be measured by the image sensor 5. Then, a cover of the lens window 9 can be recognized well.
  • the arrangement according to FIG. 2d with two locally separated illumination means 7 and 7 ' the are preferably behind the lens window 9 and the entrance window 10 is for increased Claims thought.
  • the objective window is also here be chosen so that it reflects as little light of the illumination means 7 to the image sensor 5. If an infrared LED is used for lighting, then this can both for the antimissive system of the passive infrared detector 6 as well as for the cover monitoring of the image sensor 5 are used.
  • the two illumination means 7 and 7 ' the can be switched on independently, it is possible a larger number to recognize possible Abdeck flushe.
  • the illumination means 7 a cover of the image sensor 5 and the illumination means 7 'a cover of the Passive infrared sensors 6 are detected, it being sufficient if either the room or the Covering material reflects light.
  • Another way to increase the reliability of sabotage detection is the Use of reflectors in the monitored room. These reflectors are arranged that the image sensor 5 receives a clear signal even in poor lighting. Preferably The position of the reflector or reflectors is measured by measuring the coordinates determined and stored as a setpoint. During operation of the detector 1 then the measured Position values compared with the setpoints. If a deviation occurs here or if no reflector signal is received, it is clearly a cover of the Image sensor 5 or the respective reflector, both covers in less than be recognized at a great distance.
  • the nominal position of the reflectors can either be measured during installation or it will become automatic in the first dark period after installation certainly.
  • the detector 1 with an outside the detector housing arranged additional lighting or to an external auxiliary lighting be connected below a certain minimum brightness level is turned on, for example, by an intrusion signal of the passive infrared detector 6, so that at any time, so even in complete darkness, a picture can be taken and whose stable characteristics (see the following) can be determined.
  • the image sensor 5 contains a memory in which the digitized Image of the monitored room is stored as a reference image.
  • Stable features are to be understood as those features of the image which Do not change with a certain probability, so in particular boundary lines and edges of the room and of doors and windows, straight edges and generally curves larger pieces of furniture, and the like. There will be a number of such stable features digitized and stored in memory.
  • the recorded image examined for stable characteristics and the stable features found are with compared to the saved ones.
  • the presence or absence of activity in the monitored Space is detected with the P / B sensor. If no stable features found or the found stable features do not match the ones stored, sabotage alarm is triggered.
  • the former is an indication that the image sensor 5 or the detector 1 was incompletely covered (for example, with a cloth or the like), the latter may indicate that the image sensor 5, for example by attaching a photo in front of the lens, a fake scene is faked.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Closed-Circuit Television Systems (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Système de surveillance de zone, comportant un boítier, au moins un capteur vidéo (5) ayant une fenêtre d'objectif (9), au moins un capteur de présence ou de mouvement (6) ayant une fenêtre d'entrée (10) et une électronique de commande et d'évaluation (2) à laquelle les capteurs (5, 6) mentionnés sont raccordés, caractérisé en ce que des moyens sont prévus pour la détection d'un sabotage de l'au moins un capteur vidéo (5) et en ce que ces moyens sont formés par des moyens d'éclairage (7, 7') qui sont agencés dans le boítier et qui sont destinés à l'émission d'une lumière dans la zone surveillée.
  2. Système selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'éclairage (7, 7') sont agencés de telle sorte que l'émission de lumière dans la zone surveillée s'effectue à travers la fenêtre d'objectif (9) et/ou à travers la fenêtre d'entrée (10) ou à travers une fenêtre supplémentaire (11).
  3. Système selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que, dans le cas d'une émission de lumière à travers une fenêtre supplémentaire (11), les moyens d'éclairage (7) sont formés par une source lumineuse prévue pour l'indication d'alarmes.
  4. Système selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que deux moyens d'éclairage (7, 7') sont prévus, l'un (7) émettant son rayonnement à travers la fenêtre d'objectif (9) et l'autre (7') émettant son rayonnement à travers la fenêtre d'entrée (10).
  5. Système selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'éclairage (7, 7') sont formés par des diodes électroluminescentes à infrarouges.
  6. Système selon la revendication 2 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que, dans le cas d'un agencement des moyens d'éclairage (7) pour l'émission de lumière à travers la fenêtre d'objectif (9), il s'effectue une comparaison de la lumière réfléchie par la zone surveillée avec une valeur de consigne mesurée dans l'obscurité qui inclut aussi bien la réflexion de la zone surveillée que celle de la fenêtre d'objectif (9).
  7. Système selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu dans la zone surveillée des réflecteurs dont l'agencement est choisi de telle sorte que l'au moins un capteur vidéo (5) reçoit un signal net lorsque les moyens d'éclairage (7, 7') sont branchés.
  8. Système selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens pour la détection d'un sabotage comprennent des moyens pour la mémorisation et la vérification de caractéristiques stables de l'image enregistrée par l'au moins un capteur vidéo (5).
  9. Système selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la vérification des caractéristiques stables s'effectue en examinant l'image de la zone surveillée à la recherche de caractéristiques stables et en comparant à l'aide de méthodes de traitement d'image les caractéristiques stables ainsi trouvées avec les caractéristiques stables mémorisées.
  10. Système selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le système est équipé d'un éclairage supplémentaire agencé à l'extérieur du boítier ou est raccordé à un éclairage externe.
  11. Système selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que l'éclairage supplémentaire ou l'éclairage externe est déclenché par le capteur de présence ou de mouvement (6).
EP99116919A 1999-08-27 1999-08-27 Dispositif de surveillance d'un espace Expired - Lifetime EP1079351B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE59912046T DE59912046D1 (de) 1999-08-27 1999-08-27 Einrichtung zur Raumüberwachung
EP99116919A EP1079351B1 (fr) 1999-08-27 1999-08-27 Dispositif de surveillance d'un espace
AT99116919T ATE295593T1 (de) 1999-08-27 1999-08-27 Einrichtung zur raumüberwachung

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99116919A EP1079351B1 (fr) 1999-08-27 1999-08-27 Dispositif de surveillance d'un espace

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1079351A1 EP1079351A1 (fr) 2001-02-28
EP1079351B1 true EP1079351B1 (fr) 2005-05-11

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99116919A Expired - Lifetime EP1079351B1 (fr) 1999-08-27 1999-08-27 Dispositif de surveillance d'un espace

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EP (1) EP1079351B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE295593T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59912046D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB0202467D0 (en) * 2002-02-02 2002-03-20 Qinetiq Ltd Sensor with obscurant detection
CZ16880U1 (cs) * 2006-07-10 2006-09-21 Jablotron S. R. O. Zarízení k verifikaci pachatele v objektu
DE112011100263A5 (de) 2010-01-18 2013-07-25 Stefan Wieser Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Überwachen einer Gebäudeöffnung

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0093773A1 (fr) * 1981-11-19 1983-11-16 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Detecteur optique d'intrusions
DE4009912A1 (de) * 1990-03-28 1991-10-02 Grundig Emv Videokontroll-einrichtung
US5382943A (en) * 1991-07-31 1995-01-17 Tanaka; Mutuo Remote monitoring unit
FR2700046B1 (fr) * 1992-12-30 1995-03-17 Hymatom Dispositif de transmission d'images d'un site protégé.
EP0772171B1 (fr) * 1995-11-03 2003-01-08 Siemens Building Technologies AG Détecteur passif d'intrusion et utilisation du détecteur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59912046D1 (de) 2005-06-16
EP1079351A1 (fr) 2001-02-28
ATE295593T1 (de) 2005-05-15

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