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EP1079351A1 - Dispositif de surveillance d'un espace - Google Patents

Dispositif de surveillance d'un espace Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1079351A1
EP1079351A1 EP99116919A EP99116919A EP1079351A1 EP 1079351 A1 EP1079351 A1 EP 1079351A1 EP 99116919 A EP99116919 A EP 99116919A EP 99116919 A EP99116919 A EP 99116919A EP 1079351 A1 EP1079351 A1 EP 1079351A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
window
image sensor
lighting
image
sensor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99116919A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1079351B1 (fr
Inventor
Martin Dr. Rechsteiner
Hansjürg Dr. Mahler
Martin Pfister
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Building Technologies AG
Original Assignee
Siemens Building Technologies AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Building Technologies AG filed Critical Siemens Building Technologies AG
Priority to AT99116919T priority Critical patent/ATE295593T1/de
Priority to EP99116919A priority patent/EP1079351B1/fr
Priority to DE59912046T priority patent/DE59912046D1/de
Publication of EP1079351A1 publication Critical patent/EP1079351A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1079351B1 publication Critical patent/EP1079351B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
    • G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
    • G08B13/19697—Arrangements wherein non-video detectors generate an alarm themselves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/02—Monitoring continuously signalling or alarm systems
    • G08B29/04—Monitoring of the detection circuits
    • G08B29/046—Monitoring of the detection circuits prevention of tampering with detection circuits

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for room surveillance, with a housing, at least one image sensor having an objective window, at least one an entrance window having presence or motion sensor and with a control and Evaluation electronics to which the sensors mentioned are connected.
  • the known anti-mask devices of passive infrared sensors have an infrared transmitter and an infrared receiver and are used to detect the two types of coverage of the detector, these are the cover of the detector in a certain, possibly only small, distance from the detector window, and the immediate coverage of the detector window by, for example, covering with a film or spraying with an infrared-opaque Spray, such as paint spray.
  • the first type of coverage is subsequently referred to as remote coverage and the second is called a spray cover, with remote cover a cover a few millimeters away up to a maximum of about 15 cm from the detector window is meant.
  • sabotage is monitored by: the ultrasonic or microwave transmitter by briefly switching on / off or off / on emits a short pulse, which creates a wide frequency spectrum, which then evaluated in a certain frequency range with regard to amplitude and time course becomes.
  • the parameters mentioned are used for changes in the room in front of the detector typical deviations from mean values or previous measurement results are examined, in particular to such deviations that are necessary for the attachment of a shield or cover are characteristic of the detector.
  • Image sensors or video detectors are not protected against sabotage, although it goes without saying There is also a risk of sabotage with these sensors.
  • a device of the type mentioned is to be specified, in which the at least an image sensor is protected against sabotage.
  • a first preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that that the lighting means are arranged so that the light emission in the monitored space through the lens window and / or the entrance window or through a additional window is done.
  • a second preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that that when the light is emitted through an additional window, the lighting means are formed by a light source provided for displaying alarms.
  • a lighting means enables a clear one Differentiate whether it is a dark room or whether the lens window or the whole facility is covered, because when the lighting is switched on, even in a dark one Room still has a certain minimum brightness. However, this will minimum brightness is not reached when the lighting is switched on, then the lens window or covered the entire facility and there is an attempt at sabotage.
  • a third preferred embodiment is characterized in that monitored Space reflectors are provided, the arrangement of which is selected such that the minimum an image sensor receives a clear signal when the illuminants are switched on.
  • the reliability and security against sabotage of the device according to the invention continues improved if the means mentioned for the detection of sabotage means for storage and checking stable features of the image recorded by the image sensor.
  • the stable features are preferably checked in that the image of the monitored Space is examined for stable features, and the stable found Features with methods of image processing can be compared with the saved ones.
  • the storage and checking of stable features enables detection partial coverage of the detector or the pretense of wrong scenes by holding a photo in front of the image sensor or by changing the field of view of the detector.
  • the stable features are saved immediately after installation of the facility; while The operation is then periodically examined for a stable image Features and a comparison of the found with the stored stable features.
  • the lighting means are preferably only activated when the at least one Image sensor receives a dark image. Checking the stable features is preferred carried out when the device is not armed or when in the monitored No space activities exist because the processor is underutilized during this time is. The decision as to whether or not activities take place in the monitored room is made preferably based on the signal from the presence or motion sensor.
  • the device according to the invention with at least one image sensor and at least one Presence or motion sensor points both against known dual detectors as well significant advantages over pure image sensors. Compared to the dual detectors, at where no or only a very rough spatial resolution is possible, so that a distinction Often it cannot take place between humans and animals Detectors much more robust.
  • the image sensor also offers the possibility of classification the objects based on their geometry and movement and thus intelligent monitoring as well as the verification and storage of events and later accessibility of these.
  • the device according to the invention Compared to a pure image sensor, the device according to the invention has the advantage that even in poor lighting conditions, the performance of a presence or motion detector and is therefore fully functional. In addition, the presence or motion detector make the image processing algorithms more difficult to interpret Support situations.
  • the device for room surveillance essentially consists of one hereinafter referred to as multi-criteria motion detector 1 and from one below Control and evaluation electronics 2 with a control stage, designated as electronics 3 and a processing stage 4 for local evaluation of the signals of the detector 1.
  • Control and evaluation electronics 2 with a control stage, designated as electronics 3 and a processing stage 4 for local evaluation of the signals of the detector 1.
  • electronics 3 a control stage
  • processing stage 4 for local evaluation of the signals of the detector 1.
  • the detector 1 consists of at least one image sensor 5 and at least one following presence or motion sensor 6, referred to as P / B sensor.
  • the detector also points Means 7 for emitting light in the visible or infrared range in the monitored Clean up.
  • Both the image sensor 5 and the P / B sensor 6 can each have a preprocessing stage (not shown) may be connected downstream, but also in detector 1 or, if necessary can be included in processing level 4. Get from the preprocessing stages the signals in processing stage 4.
  • Processing level 4 is autonomous and enables local decisions and / or display the images recorded by the image sensor 5; preferably it is also for transmission of the images to a spatially distant center 8, where, for example, an additional one Verification can take place.
  • the P / B sensor 6 is a motion or presence detector based on one of the known detection principles Passive infrared, active infrared, microwaves, ultrasound or any Combination of them.
  • CMOS image sensor a so-called APS [APS: active pixel Sensor] used, which is characterized by a very low power consumption and by the possibility of access to individual pixels.
  • APS active pixel Sensor
  • additional application-specific analog or digital functions for example simple Image processing algorithms such as filters or exposure control can be easily integrated.
  • the image sensor 5 is directed towards the space to be monitored, detects it in terms of image technology, digitizes the image and stores it as a reference image in a memory. If the image sensor 5 forming APS, for example, consists of 128 by 128 pixels, then would be used a wide-angle lens at a distance of 15 m in front of the image sensor 5 one pixel of approximately 12 by 12 cm. Such a grid is suitable, human and distinguish animal shapes from each other relatively reliably.
  • the image sensor 5 makes intervals stores a picture of the monitored room from fractions of a second Images for a certain time and compare them with the reference image and / or with each other.
  • the storage of the images is preferably controlled in such a way that the images sent by the detector 1 immediately preceding and / or immediately following the event identified until saved further and that the remaining images automatically after the specified time to be deleted.
  • the image sensor 5 In order to make a usable picture even in poor lighting conditions the image sensor 5 is sensitive to light and has a large dynamic range (sufficient recognizability of details with strong light / dark contrast) optimized.
  • the functions integrated on the APS chip allow automatic electronic Integrate closure with a dynamic of 1: 1000.
  • the P / B sensor 6 essentially serves to identify the potential weaknesses of the image sensor 5 compensate. This includes in particular that the image sensor 5 is below a critical one Lighting does not provide image information, and that also changes the image information greatly is often not caused by an intruder compared to the reference image. Man think, for example, of abrupt changes in lighting that by switching the street lighting on / off, passing vehicles with the lights on Headlights, thunderstorms or the like can be caused. In these and the like Cases by taking into account the signal of the P / B sensor 6, the robustness of the detector 1 significantly increased. The latter is achieved through a combined evaluation of the signals of the image sensor 5 and the P / B sensor 6 in processing stage 4.
  • the signals of the image sensor 5 and the P / B sensor 6 it is advantageous to use the signals of the image sensor 5 and the P / B sensor 6 to undergo a separate pre-evaluation before the combined evaluation, in which the signals of the P / B sensor 6 in a for combined evaluation with the signal of Image sensor 5 suitable format converted and classified according to their strength. If the detector 1 contains a distance meter (not shown), then this will be present a signal of the P / B sensor 6 of appropriate strength from the processing stage 4 activated via control level 3 and provides the processing level with information about the Distance of the event or object just detected from the detector 1. With the help of this Distance information can be unambiguously inferred from the signal of the image sensor 5 The size of a detected object and thus its nature, such as humans or animal.
  • the pre-evaluation is in the form of hardware and / or in the form of a processor core preferably integrated on the APS chip.
  • the reference image is constantly updated, whereby Changes are only adopted in the reference image after checking their stability become.
  • the reference image tracking can be done by including the signals of the P / B sensor 6 run more stable.
  • processing stage 4 there is a signal of the P / B classified according to strength Sensor 6, an image signal of the image sensor 5 with information about the number of changes Pixels and the characteristics of the pixel clusters and possibly a signal from the distance meter, the distance of the event triggering the signal of the P / B detector 6 indicates.
  • the detector 1 is equipped with one device equipped for sabotage monitoring, namely for sabotage of both the P / B sensor 6 as well as the image sensor 5.
  • the device for monitoring sabotage of the P / B sensor is an anti-mask device of the known type, the specific training of which detection principle implemented in the P / B sensor 6.
  • Antimask devices are based on the patent applications cited in the introduction referred. The following is the device for monitoring sabotage of the image sensor 5 are described.
  • This device which is used to detect complete coverage of the detector 1 or Image sensor 5 is formed, consists essentially of the lighting means 7 and components of the electronics 2 assigned to them.
  • the image sensor 5 receives a dark image of the monitored room, light in it.
  • the wavelength of this light depends on the wavelength to which the image sensor 5 is sensitive , and the intensity is preferably selected so that the image sensor 5 also at dark room registered a certain brightness. Due to the brightness conditions at a cover can be recognized when the lighting is switched on and off.
  • the intensity of the light emitted by the illuminating means 7 is selected such that the image sensor 5 can recognize certain stable features of the monitored space (see below).
  • 2a to 2d is a detector 1 with an image sensor 5 and a lens window 9, a P / B sensor 6 and an entrance window 10 for infrared radiation and an illuminant 7 shown.
  • the P / B sensor is preferably a passive infrared detector.
  • the illuminant 7 can be monitored either through the lens window 9 in the light Send room (Fig. 2a), or through the entrance window 10 for the infrared radiation (Fig. 2b), or through an additional window 11 (Fig. 2c).
  • the lighting means 7 may be formed by the or one of the light-emitting diodes which are present anyway for the alarm display.
  • Two lighting means 7 and 7 'can also be provided (FIG. 2d), of which the one shines through the lens window 9 and the other through the entrance window 10.
  • the suitable location for the arrangement of the illuminating means 7 depends on the possible illuminance in relation to the size of the room, the recognizability of a cover essentially being dependent on the reflection factor R M of the covering material and on the average reflection factor RR of the monitored room.
  • the covering material will reflect part of the radiation emitted by the illuminating means 7, which the image sensor 5 recognizes as a cover.
  • the reliability of the arrangement according to FIG. 2a can be improved if the signal of the reflected light is compared with a target value measured in the dark, which includes both the reflection of the room and that of the objective window 9, or by checking stable features of the image (see below).
  • FIGS. 2b and 2c are basically the same, since in both cases the light from the illuminant 7 is emitted through a separate window, which is separate from the objective window 9.
  • the reflection factor R M of the covering material is irrelevant, and a covering of the objective window 9 can only be recognized when R R ⁇ 0. This means that the room has to reflect just enough light that it can be measured by the image sensor 5. Then a cover of the lens window 9 can be easily recognized.
  • the arrangement according to FIG. 2d with two locally separate lighting means 7 and 7 ' are preferably located behind the lens window 9 and the entrance window 10, for increased Claims thought.
  • the objective window is also here to be chosen so that it reflects as little light as possible from the illuminant 7 to the image sensor 5. If an infrared light-emitting diode is used for lighting, then this can both for the anti-mask system of the passive infrared detector 6 as well as for cover monitoring of the image sensor 5 can be used.
  • the two lighting means 7 and 7 ' can be switched on independently of one another, it is possible to have a larger number detect possible masking attempts.
  • the lighting means 7 a cover of the image sensor 5 and with the lighting means 7 'a cover of the Passive infrared sensor 6 can be detected, it being sufficient if either the room or the Cover material reflects light.
  • reflectors are arranged that the image sensor 5 receives a clear signal even in poor lighting. Preferably becomes the position of the reflector or reflectors by measuring the coordinates determined and saved as setpoint. The measured values are then measured during operation of the detector 1 Position values compared with the target values. If a deviation occurs here or if no reflector signal is received, it is clearly covering the Image sensor 5 or the relevant reflector, both covers in small as can also be recognized at a great distance.
  • the partial coverage by analyzing the stable characteristics (see below) recognized.
  • the target position of the reflectors can either be measured during installation or will become automatic in the first dark period after installation certainly.
  • detector 1 can be connected to an outside of the detector housing arranged additional lighting or to an external additional lighting be connected below a certain minimum brightness level is switched on, for example by an intrusion signal from the passive infrared detector 6, so that a picture can be taken at any time, even in complete darkness, and whose stable characteristics (see the following explanations) can be determined.
  • the image sensor 5 contains a memory in which the digitized Image of the monitored room is stored as a reference image.
  • Stable features are to be understood as those features of the image that with a certain probability they do not change, in particular boundary lines and edges of space and of doors and windows, straight edges and general curves larger pieces of furniture, and the like. There are a number of such stable features known methods of image processing digitized and stored in memory.
  • the picture taken are examined for stable characteristics and the stable characteristics found are included compared the saved.
  • the presence or absence of activity in the monitored Room is determined with the P / B sensor. If no stable characteristics were found or the stable features found do not match the saved ones, tamper alarm is triggered.
  • the former is a sign that the image sensor 5 or the detector 1 was incompletely covered (for example with a cloth or the like), the latter may indicate that the image sensor 5, for example by attaching of a photo in front of the lens, a false scene is faked.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Closed-Circuit Television Systems (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
EP99116919A 1999-08-27 1999-08-27 Dispositif de surveillance d'un espace Expired - Lifetime EP1079351B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT99116919T ATE295593T1 (de) 1999-08-27 1999-08-27 Einrichtung zur raumüberwachung
EP99116919A EP1079351B1 (fr) 1999-08-27 1999-08-27 Dispositif de surveillance d'un espace
DE59912046T DE59912046D1 (de) 1999-08-27 1999-08-27 Einrichtung zur Raumüberwachung

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99116919A EP1079351B1 (fr) 1999-08-27 1999-08-27 Dispositif de surveillance d'un espace

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1079351A1 true EP1079351A1 (fr) 2001-02-28
EP1079351B1 EP1079351B1 (fr) 2005-05-11

Family

ID=8238870

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99116919A Expired - Lifetime EP1079351B1 (fr) 1999-08-27 1999-08-27 Dispositif de surveillance d'un espace

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1079351B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE295593T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59912046D1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003067522A3 (fr) * 2002-02-02 2003-09-12 Qinetiq Ltd Capteur pouvant detecter la presence d'obscurcissants
WO2008006320A1 (fr) * 2006-07-10 2008-01-17 Jablotron Alarms A.S. Dispositif pour la vérification d'un contrevenant dans un objet
US8810397B2 (en) 2010-01-18 2014-08-19 Stefan Wieser Apparatus and method for monitoring a building opening

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1983001855A1 (fr) * 1981-11-19 1983-05-26 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Detecteur optique d'intrusions
EP0448803A2 (fr) * 1990-03-28 1991-10-02 GRUNDIG E.M.V. Elektro-Mechanische Versuchsanstalt Max Grundig holländ. Stiftung & Co. KG. Système de commande d'affichage vidéo
EP0591585A1 (fr) * 1991-07-31 1994-04-13 Mutuo Tanaka Unité de surveillance à distance
FR2700046A1 (fr) * 1992-12-30 1994-07-01 Hymatom Dispositif de transmission d'images d'un site protégé.
EP0772171A1 (fr) * 1995-11-03 1997-05-07 Cerberus Ag Détecteur passif d'intrusion et utilisation du détecteur

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1983001855A1 (fr) * 1981-11-19 1983-05-26 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Detecteur optique d'intrusions
EP0448803A2 (fr) * 1990-03-28 1991-10-02 GRUNDIG E.M.V. Elektro-Mechanische Versuchsanstalt Max Grundig holländ. Stiftung & Co. KG. Système de commande d'affichage vidéo
EP0591585A1 (fr) * 1991-07-31 1994-04-13 Mutuo Tanaka Unité de surveillance à distance
FR2700046A1 (fr) * 1992-12-30 1994-07-01 Hymatom Dispositif de transmission d'images d'un site protégé.
EP0772171A1 (fr) * 1995-11-03 1997-05-07 Cerberus Ag Détecteur passif d'intrusion et utilisation du détecteur

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003067522A3 (fr) * 2002-02-02 2003-09-12 Qinetiq Ltd Capteur pouvant detecter la presence d'obscurcissants
WO2008006320A1 (fr) * 2006-07-10 2008-01-17 Jablotron Alarms A.S. Dispositif pour la vérification d'un contrevenant dans un objet
US8810397B2 (en) 2010-01-18 2014-08-19 Stefan Wieser Apparatus and method for monitoring a building opening

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59912046D1 (de) 2005-06-16
EP1079351B1 (fr) 2005-05-11
ATE295593T1 (de) 2005-05-15

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