EP0721990B1 - Procédé pour l'élaboration d'aciers alliés et installation de four électrique à arc incluyant des lances de soufflage positionables pour sa mise en oeuvre - Google Patents
Procédé pour l'élaboration d'aciers alliés et installation de four électrique à arc incluyant des lances de soufflage positionables pour sa mise en oeuvre Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0721990B1 EP0721990B1 EP96890007A EP96890007A EP0721990B1 EP 0721990 B1 EP0721990 B1 EP 0721990B1 EP 96890007 A EP96890007 A EP 96890007A EP 96890007 A EP96890007 A EP 96890007A EP 0721990 B1 EP0721990 B1 EP 0721990B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- manufacturing step
- electric furnace
- oxygen
- several
- during
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 41
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910005347 FeSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002555 FeNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910015136 FeMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- UOUJSJZBMCDAEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Cr+3].[Cr+3] UOUJSJZBMCDAEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/5264—Manufacture of alloyed steels including ferro-alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/5252—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an electrically heated multi-chamber furnace, a combination of electric furnaces or an electric furnace arranged for associated working with a non electric furnace
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0087—Treatment of slags covering the steel bath, e.g. for separating slag from the molten metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/068—Decarburising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/068—Decarburising
- C21C7/0685—Decarburising of stainless steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C2007/0093—Duplex process; Two stage processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S75/00—Specialized metallurgical processes, compositions for use therein, consolidated metal powder compositions, and loose metal particulate mixtures
- Y10S75/961—Treating flue dust to obtain metal other than by consolidation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S75/00—Specialized metallurgical processes, compositions for use therein, consolidated metal powder compositions, and loose metal particulate mixtures
- Y10S75/962—Treating or using mill scale
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing alloy steels, in particular stainless steel or steel stock for stainless steel, being in a first Manufacturing step iron carrier largely decarburized and with the help of oxygen dephosphorated and the melt after removing the slag formed in one Another manufacturing step after the addition of alloy carriers to the desired one Alloy and carbon content is adjusted using oxygen and inert gas, and an installation for carrying out the method.
- a method of this type is known from EP-A2 - 0 229 586. Both manufacturing steps are carried out in one and the same oxygen blowing converter. With this method, one is severely limited with regard to charging solids to be melted. Solid pig iron, alloying agents and scrap can be brought into the oxygen blowing converter in a maximum amount of 20% by weight of a batch. If you want to charge large quantities of solids, you are forced to add expensive exothermic chemical heating agents, but this entails the disadvantage of large quantities of slag (SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 etc.). These large amounts of slag require high amounts of lime, and as a result there is a large loss of output of iron, chromium, manganese, etc.
- the oxygen blowing converter has a floor flushing device to create a melt pool motion. This leads to the oxygen blowing converter high chrome slagging, so that the economy of the known method is not more is given.
- the economically viable lower limit (with an even more viable one Chrome slag) for the carbon content is 0.2% C. In addition, do not set the lowest carbon content (e.g. less than 0.1% carbon).
- the invention aims at avoiding these disadvantages and difficulties and presents itself the task, a method of the type described above and a system for Implementation of the process, which allow alloyed steels, especially stainless steels, in an economical way with high productivity to manufacture.
- a gas inlet in the melt preferably with a minimum amount of 30 liters / min per point of introduction Introduction of inert gas and 300 liters / min when introducing oxygen or mixed gases containing oxygen.
- the oxygen or oxygen-containing is expediently blown during the bath Mixed gas is an amount of inert gas that increases with the duration of the under bath blowing added.
- a preferred embodiment is characterized in that the first Manufacturing step in a first electric furnace and the further manufacturing step in one different electric oven is carried out from the first electric oven.
- the Placing the batch in a second electric furnace to carry out the further The manufacturing step enables the melt to be kept free of phosphorus Slag that still adheres to the brickwork despite being slagged in the first electric furnace. This results in an almost complete dephosphorization of the melt, so that the further manufacturing step, namely the alloy adjustment and further decarburization, in Absence of phosphorus can be done.
- This can be, for example, at just above the normal melt level in the wall of the electric furnace arranged blow nozzles, which when tilting below the Melt surface come to rest, are carried out. As a result, these lie Blow nozzles when not in use above the melt (and slag) so that their Life is extended.
- the metal yield is preferably increased and the consumption of reducing agent lowered if the further manufacturing step with the greatest possible exclusion of air is carried out.
- the method according to the invention is particularly advantageous if of the iron carriers more than 20% by weight, preferably more than 40% by weight, of the batch of scrap become.
- the further manufacturing step is expedient, leaving a subset of the Slag from the other one that took place before the further production step Manufacturing step carried out.
- the slag containing Cr 2 O 3 which comes from the previous batch in the second electric furnace and which is formed by the partial oxidation of the silicon from the ferrochrome and the added lime etc., is primarily reduced by silicon and carbon from the ferrochrome and can be slagged off with high chrome output and minimal consumption of reducing agent, such as FeSi, before the fine decarburization in the electric furnace.
- the slag during the further manufacturing step during a Flushing process with inert gas reduced by adding reducing agent, lime and flux and the melt is deoxidized and desulfurized, so that in the further production step final carbon content already required for the respective steel quality, the rest chemical analysis and the desired temperature of the melt can be achieved.
- fine-grained ore e.g. Chrome ore as Cr and oxygen carrier (for Si oxidation) with or without mixing with reducing agent (e.g. FeSi, coal) and / or Carbon or nickel oxide are blown onto the arcs and onto the melt.
- a system for carrying out the process with an electric furnace, in the bottom area of which jacket nozzles are provided, through the jacket of which hydrocarbon and / or inert gas can be fed in, is characterized by swiveling and longitudinally movable fresh lances arranged above the normal melt level and penetrating the side wall of the oven, and also in the bottom area provided jacket nozzles, through the jacket hydrocarbon and / or mixtures of hydrocarbon and inert gas and / or CO 2 and / or water vapor can be supplied.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 each have an electric furnace in Illustrate cross section in a schematic representation.
- An electric furnace 1 provided for the first manufacturing step has three sub-bath nozzles 4 in the refractory lining 2 of the lower part 3 of the stove, as shown in FIG.
- the Unterbaddüsen 4 are nozzles, which are formed from two or three concentric tubes - in the manner of jacket nozzles - with the process gas flowing in the inner round central tube and protective gas for the nozzles flowing between the tubes in the annular or circular section cross sections.
- the protective gas is preferably hydrocarbon, such as propane, butane or a mixture of hydrocarbon and inert gas. However, water vapor, CO 2 , light heating oil, CO, inert gas or mixtures thereof have also been successfully used as a protective medium.
- Annular gap nozzles which were filled with refractory material in the central tube and in which the process gas was introduced through an interrupted annular gap, could also be successfully used as an under bath nozzle 4.
- washing elements 6 are arranged, which are made of there are two pipes each.
- the inner tube is made of fireproof material locked.
- the annular gaps can also be formed from circular sections.
- the Flushing elements 6 can also be made of porous, sheet metal-coated or with thin tubes provided refractory material.
- fresh lances 9 are made of two or three concentric tubes or formed by a water-cooled tube.
- the arrow direction 10 indicates that the fresh lances are inclined downwards as a tangent to an imaginary one Blow cylinder and at a relatively short distance from the bath surface 11.
- the fresh lances 9 are inserted into water-cooled copper cooling boxes 12. It is also one of the three Electrodes 13 shown as a hollow electrode.
- Three post-combustion / burner lances 14 are arranged in the upper part of the furnace side wall 8.
- An opening 15 is used to add Slag formers and alloying agents.
- FIG. 2 shows a second schematically illustrated electric furnace 16 according to the invention illustrated. This has a special feature - in contrast to that shown in Fig. 1 Electric furnace 1 - an exchangeable base part 17 in which the three rinsing elements 6 are provided.
- An electrode 13 is designed as a hollow electrode, which is lined with a ceramic tube is. Alloying agents are passed through the opening 15 with a scrap basket (not shown) of the furnace cover 18 in the furnace (second electric furnace). Seals 19 are on the Separation point furnace side wall 8 to furnace cover 18, slag door 20 to furnace side wall 8 and at the opening 15 in the furnace cover 18 made of ceramic fiber. The furnace cover 18 will at least temporarily pressed against the furnace side wall 8 with a tensioning device.
- the gas consumption per ton of liquid steel is determined as follows:
- Fresh lances 9 are charged with 15 Nm 3 O 2 / t and the under bath nozzles 4 with 8 Nm 3 O 2 / t and 1.1 Nm 3 CH 4 / t.
- the flushing elements 6 blow 1.2 Nm 3 N 2 plus 0.3 Nm 3 CH 4 / t to improve the bath movement and the application.
- the electricity consumption on the electric furnace is 1 130 kWh / t of the liquid steel end product (from the second electric furnace). 50 kg of slag are slagged. 680 kg of premelt with 0.20% C, 0.020% P and 1590 ° C are passed on to the second electric furnace 16.
- the tapping sequence time is 57 min.
- the second electric furnace 16 100 t electric furnace with 70 MVA are per t liquid steel (AISI 304) approx. 60 kg slag recirculated from the pre-batch, 680 kg pre-melt, 350 kg Charged HCFeCr, FeMn, FeSi and 45 kg lime as well as 10 kg dolomite.
- AISI 304 per t liquid steel
- the fresh lances 9 apply 20 Nm 3 O 2 to the melt, 5 Nm 3 O 2 through self-consuming pipes and 4 8 Nm 3 O 2 + 2 Nm 3 Ar + 1 Nm 3 CH 4 through the under bath nozzles blown into the melt.
- the entry of false air into the second electric furnace 16 is largely prevented (the furnace cover 18 is clamped against the furnace side wall 8).
- 125 kg of slag are largely reduced and removed with the silicon from the HCFeCr and the carbon.
- the melt in the second electric furnace 16 is blown to 0.04% C by blowing the O 2 + Ar / CH 4 + Ar with the aid of the under bath nozzles 4, and the slag is reduced during the inert gas blowing and the addition of FeSi and lime , the melt desulphurized, emptied, finely alloyed, rinsed and poured after an intermediate deslagging and another lime batching.
- the treatment time in the second electric furnace 16 is approximately 70 minutes.
- the dephosphorization of pig iron and scrap iron, recycled materials, FeNi etc. is carried out in first electric furnace 1 made.
- the P 2 O 5 -containing slag is removed from the plant, ie the electric furnace 1, before this largely decarburized premelt is charged, alloyed, desilicated and decarburized in the second electric furnace 16.
- Brief decarburization, deoxidation, desulphurization and rinsing can be carried out in a vacuum system (e.g. VOD system).
- Decarburization with the lowest chrome slagging to medium or lowest Carbon content is with oxygen - or to reduce the CO partial pressure with oxygen containing mixed gases blowing stationary Unterbaddüsen 4 and / or 6 and partially with stationary and / or movable inflation nozzles 9 or lances.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Claims (26)
- Procédé destiné à la fabrication d'aciers alliés, notamment d'aciers inoxydables ou d'avant-produits d'acier pour aciers inoxydables, selon lequel, dans une première phase de fabrication, des matières à base de fer sont dans une large mesure décarburées et déphosphorées à l'aide d'oxygène, et après le retrait du laitier formé, la masse en fusion est réglée dans une autre phase de fabrication, après l'amenée de matières à base d'alliage, à la teneur en alliage et en carbone souhaitée à l'aide d'oxygène et de gaz inerte, caractérisé en ce quela première phase de fabrication est effectuée par l'amenée d'énergie électrique dans un four électrique (1) et, au cours de la première phase de fabrication, une décarburation est effectuée par un soufflage sur et/ou sous le bain, etl'autre phase de fabrication est également effectuée par l'amenée d'énergie électrique dans un four électrique (16) qui est dans une large mesure exempt de laitier contenant du phosphore, une décarburation étant effectuée au cours de l'autre phase de fabrication par un soufflage d'oxygène ou d'un mélange gazeux contenant de l'oxygène sur la masse en fusion, ainsi qu'une décarburation par un soufflage d'oxygène ou d'un mélange gazeux contenant de l'oxygène sous le bain.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un mouvement de bain est initié au cours de l'autre phase de fabrication, et ce par une introduction de gaz dans la masse en fusion, de préférence d'une quantité minimale de 30 litres/min par point d'introduction en cas d'introduction de gaz inerte, et de 300 litres/min en cas d'introduction d'oxygène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'oxygène.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que, pendant le soufflage sous le bain, une proportion de gaz inerte, croissant avec l'augmentation de la durée du soufflage sous le bain, est ajoutée à l'oxygène ou au mélange gazeux contenant de l'oxygène.
- Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la première phase de fabrication est effectuée dans un premier four électrique (1), et l'autre phase de fabrication dans un autre four électrique (16) qui est différent du premier four électrique (1).
- Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que, au cours d'une phase de fabrication supplémentaire consécutive à l'autre phase de fabrication, il est effectué un traitement sous vide de la masse en fusion.
- Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que, au moins pendant une phase partielle de l'autre phase de fabrication, un balayage de la masse en fusion est effectué avec du gaz inerte ou un mélange de gaz inerte et d'hydrocarbure.
- Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'autre phase de fabrication est effectuée de façon aussi étanche que possible à l'air.
- Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que plus de 20 % en poids des matières à base de fer de la charge, de préférence plus de 40 % en poids, sont constitués de ferraille.
- Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'autre phase de fabrication est effectuée en conservant une quantité partielle du laitier provenant de la phase de fabrication exécutée avant l'autre phase de fabrication.
- Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que, au cours de l'autre phase de fabrication, le laitier est réduit pendant un processus de balayage au gaz inerte avec ajout d'agent de réduction, d'agent calcaire et de fondant, et la masse en fusion est désoxydée et désulfurée.
- Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que, pendant la réduction du laitier, l'atmosphère du four est réglée par l'introduction de gaz non oxydants ou oxydant facilement en comparaison avec l'air, en évitant autant que possible l'aspiration d'air parasite.
- Procédé selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que l'analyse chimique de l'atmosphère du four est contrôlée et réajustée en permanence.
- Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 10 à 12, caractérisé en ce qu'une dépression est réglée au cours de l'autre phase de fabrication, au moins pendant les périodes de réduction dans le four électrique (16), notamment lorsque les teneurs en carbone de la masse en fusion sont faibles.
- Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que, au cours de l'autre phase de fabrication, des matières solides sont introduites directement dans l'arc électrique par des électrodes creuses (13) du four électrique (16).
- Procédé selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce les matières solides introduites en tant que porteurs de chrome et d'oxygène sont des fines de minerai de chrome ou du minerai de chrome partiellement réduit au préalable.
- Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisé en ce qu'un mouvement de bain est initié au cours de la première et/ou de l'autre phase de fabrication par une introduction de gaz inerte dans la masse en fusion, et en ce qu'une oxydation de silicium et de carbone est effectuée par un soufflage d'oxygène ou d'un mélange gazeux contenant de l'oxygène.
- Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 3 ainsi que 5 à 16, caractérisé en ce que l'autre phase de fabrication est effectuée dans le four électrique dans lequel a été effectuée la première phase de fabrication, la masse en fusion étant cependant soutirée après la première phase de fabrication, le laitier contenant du phosphore étant entièrement évacué du four électrique, et la masse en fusion étant ensuite rechargée dans le four électrique.
- Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 17, caractérisé en ce que, au cours de la première phase de fabrication et/ou de l'autre phase de fabrication, des matières solides telles que de la poussière de filtration d'unités de production d'acier, du minerai, du minerai préalablement réduit, du carbure de fer, des agents d'alliage, des matières résiduelles, de la poussière, de la calamine, des copeaux, des scories, de la matière plastique granuleuse et/ou des liquides, ainsi que des matières à problèmes à éliminer, sont introduites individuellement ou en mélanges dans la masse en fusion surchauffée, de préférence par insufflation directe et/ou par soufflage et/ou par l'intermédiaire d'électrodes creuses (13).
- Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisé en ce qu'un laitier contenant du Cr2O3 formé au cours de l'autre phase de fabrication est soutiré, et réduit dans une autre enceinte de réaction pour la récupération de chrome par l'ajout de matières à base de silicium ou d'autres agents de réduction, et en ce que le chrome récupéré est utilisé pour l'alliage pendant l'autre phase de fabrication.
- Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 19, caractérisé en ce que la consommation électrique est réduite et que la mousse du laitier est stabilisée par insufflation de charbon ou de coke avec des gaz oxydants tels que de l'air, de l'oxygène, de l'air enrichi ou un mélange gazeux contenant de l'oxygène en tant que gaz porteur, et ce par insufflation directe.
- Installation destinée à la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 20, comportant un four électrique (1, 16) dans la zone de fond (3) duquel sont prévues des buses à enveloppe (4, 6), à travers l'enveloppe desquelles peuvent être introduits un hydrocarbure et/ou un gaz inerte, caractérisée par des lances d'affinage (9) pivotantes et mobiles dans la direction longitudinale disposées au-dessus du niveau normal (7) de la masse en fusion, et traversant la paroi latérale (8) du four, ainsi que des buses à enveloppe (4, 6) prévues dans la zone de fond (3), à travers l'enveloppe desquelles peuvent être introduits un hydrocarbure et/ou des mélanges d'hydrocarbure et de gaz inerte et/ou du CO2 et/ou de la vapeur d'eau.
- Installation selon la revendication 21, caractérisée en ce qu'il est prévu un autre four électrique (16) servant à l'autre phase de fabrication.
- Installation selon la revendication 21 ou 22, caractérisée en ce que les lances d'affinage (9) disposées au-dessus du niveau normal (7) du bain de la masse en fusion sont constituées de tubes autoconsommables.
- Installation selon la revendication 22 ou 23, caractérisée en ce que l'autre four électrique (16) est muni de lances d'affinage (9) disposées au-dessus du niveau normal (7) du bain de la masse en fusion, ainsi que de buses (6) immergées dans le bain prévues dans la partie inférieure (3) du creuset du four électrique (16).
- Installation selon les revendications 22 à 24, caractérisée en ce que l'autre four électrique (16) est dans une large mesure étanche à l'air.
- Installation selon la revendication 25, caractérisée en ce que le couvercle (18) du four peut être serré contre la paroi latérale (8) du four avec insertion d'un joint.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT5595 | 1995-01-16 | ||
| AT0005595A AT403293B (de) | 1995-01-16 | 1995-01-16 | Verfahren und anlage zum herstellen von legierten stählen |
| AT55/95 | 1995-01-16 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0721990A1 EP0721990A1 (fr) | 1996-07-17 |
| EP0721990B1 true EP0721990B1 (fr) | 2001-02-28 |
Family
ID=3480337
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96890007A Expired - Lifetime EP0721990B1 (fr) | 1995-01-16 | 1996-01-11 | Procédé pour l'élaboration d'aciers alliés et installation de four électrique à arc incluyant des lances de soufflage positionables pour sa mise en oeuvre |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6077324A (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP0721990B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP4195106B2 (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR960029466A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN1134984A (fr) |
| AT (1) | AT403293B (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR9600097A (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE59606475D1 (fr) |
| TR (1) | TR199600032A2 (fr) |
| TW (1) | TW363081B (fr) |
| ZA (1) | ZA96281B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LU90055B1 (fr) * | 1997-04-24 | 1998-10-26 | Wurth Paul Sa | Procédé de fusion d'alliages à base de fer dans un four électrique |
| AT405054B (de) * | 1997-06-18 | 1999-05-25 | Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen | Verfahren und anlage zum herstellen einer eisenschmelze unter einsatz von eisenhältigen hüttenwerksreststoffen |
| LU90232B1 (fr) * | 1998-04-08 | 1999-10-11 | Wurth Paul Sa | Procédé de fabrication d'aciers inoxydables et d'aciers à fortes teneurs en elements d'alliage |
| CN1217017C (zh) * | 1999-06-23 | 2005-08-31 | Sms德马格股份公司 | 由含氧化铬炉渣回收金属铬的方法 |
| PL196203B1 (pl) * | 2000-10-18 | 2007-12-31 | Sms Demag Ag | Sposób wytwarzania stali nierdzewnych, zwłaszcza stali stopowych, zawierających chrom oraz chrom i nikiel |
| US6500224B1 (en) * | 2001-10-11 | 2002-12-31 | Bethlehem Steel Corporation | Method for operating a steelmaking furnace during a steelmaking process |
| DE10209472B4 (de) * | 2002-03-05 | 2004-08-26 | Sms Demag Ag | Verfahren zum Erzeugen von nichtrostendem Stahl, insbesondere von chrom- oder chromnickelhaltigem Edelstahl |
| DE10215839A1 (de) * | 2002-04-10 | 2003-11-06 | Sms Demag Ag | Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Erzeugen von C-Stählen oder nichtrostenden Stählen durch Frischen von phosphorreichem Roheisen im Elektrolichtbogen-Ofen oder im Konverter-Gefäß |
| AT412349B (de) * | 2003-06-25 | 2005-01-25 | Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen | Verfahren zur herstellung einer legierten metallschmelze und erzeugungsanlage hierzu |
| KR100987049B1 (ko) * | 2003-06-26 | 2010-10-11 | 두산중공업 주식회사 | 개선된 고크롬강 제조 방법 |
| DE102010036174A1 (de) | 2010-05-04 | 2011-11-10 | Georg-Simon-Ohm Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften Fachhochschule Nürnberg | Optischer Drehübertrager |
| EP2589672A1 (fr) * | 2011-11-03 | 2013-05-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Procédé destiné au fonctionnement d'un four à arc lumineux |
| CN107326150B (zh) * | 2017-06-16 | 2018-04-03 | 北京科技大学 | 一种全废钢电弧炉双联冶炼洁净钢的生产方法 |
| US10767239B2 (en) | 2017-06-16 | 2020-09-08 | University Of Science And Technology Beijing | Production method for smelting clean steel from full-scrap steel using duplex electric arc furnaces |
| RU2697305C1 (ru) * | 2018-01-09 | 2019-08-13 | Игорь Михайлович Шатохин | Технологическая линия для производства композиционных ферросплавов, лигатур и бескислородных огнеупорных материалов для металлургии |
| JP7094264B2 (ja) * | 2019-12-25 | 2022-07-01 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 溶鋼の製造方法 |
| WO2022054555A1 (fr) | 2020-09-10 | 2022-03-17 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Procédé permettant de fabriquer du fer fondu à faible teneur en phosphore |
| CN112974738A (zh) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-06-18 | 北京科技大学 | 连铸微合金化生产方法 |
| US20240229177A1 (en) | 2021-05-26 | 2024-07-11 | Jfe Steel Corporation | Method for dephosphorization of molten iron |
| DE102022101835B4 (de) | 2022-01-26 | 2024-02-22 | Rhm Rohstoff-Handelsgesellschaft Mbh | Verfahren zum Verwerten von Bauteilen, die kohlenstofffaserverstärkten Kunststoff (CFK) aufweisen oder aus diesem bestehen |
| KR102793112B1 (ko) * | 2023-07-07 | 2025-04-07 | 현대제철 주식회사 | 전기로 질소 혼입 저감장치 및 이를 포함하는 전기로 |
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| EP0257450A2 (fr) * | 1986-08-27 | 1988-03-02 | Klöckner Cra Patent Gmbh | Procédé pour augmenter l'énergie alimentant les fours à arc électrique |
| JPH01162713A (ja) * | 1987-12-17 | 1989-06-27 | Shinagawa Refract Co Ltd | スクラップ溶解方法 |
| EP0342374A1 (fr) * | 1988-05-19 | 1989-11-23 | Nkk Corporation | Procédé de réduction en bain de fusion dans un four électrique |
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| US3912501A (en) * | 1971-05-11 | 1975-10-14 | Castejon Javier Gonzalez De | Method for the production of iron and steel |
| US3947267A (en) * | 1973-07-23 | 1976-03-30 | Armco Steel Corporation | Process for making stainless steel |
| SE433128B (sv) * | 1974-02-21 | 1984-05-07 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Hermetiskt sluten ljusbagsugn |
| JPS5269812A (en) * | 1975-12-09 | 1977-06-10 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Preparation of ultra low carbon high cr steel |
| SE405983B (sv) * | 1977-06-09 | 1979-01-15 | Asea Ab | Sett for framstellning av kromhaltig legering i ljusbagsugn |
| SE449373B (sv) * | 1977-07-01 | 1987-04-27 | Dso Cherna Metalurgia | Sett och anordning for raffinering av jernbaserade smeltor i elektrisk reaktionsugn |
| SE431994B (sv) * | 1978-01-24 | 1984-03-12 | Asea Ab | Forfaringssett for injicering av pulverformigt material i en metallurgisk smelta sasom stal |
| JPS54125115A (en) * | 1978-03-24 | 1979-09-28 | Japan Steel Works Ltd | Rephosphorization preventing method of electric furnace steel |
| SU855006A1 (ru) * | 1979-12-03 | 1981-08-15 | Центральный Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Научно-Исследовательский Институт Черной Металлургии Им. И.П. Бардина | Способ получени стали |
| JPS56130417A (en) * | 1980-03-14 | 1981-10-13 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Decarburizing method for stainless steel in arc furnace |
| DE3034430A1 (de) * | 1980-09-12 | 1982-04-29 | Boschgotthardshütte O.Breyer GmbH, 5900 Siegen | Verfahren zum zweistufigen herstellen von edelbau- und werkzeugstaehlen |
| JPS5782452A (en) * | 1980-11-06 | 1982-05-22 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Manufacture of nonmagnetic high-manganese steel |
| US4405365A (en) * | 1982-08-30 | 1983-09-20 | Pennsylvania Engineering Corporation | Method for the fabrication of special steels in metallurgical vessels |
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| JPS61163207A (ja) * | 1985-01-11 | 1986-07-23 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | マルチプロセスによる合金鋼の製法 |
| DE3601337A1 (de) * | 1986-01-16 | 1987-07-23 | Mannesmann Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung hochlegierter staehle im sauerstoffblaskonverter |
| CA1311787C (fr) * | 1986-06-24 | 1992-12-22 | Masahisa Tate | Four electrique pour la fabrication d'acier, a soufflage par la sole |
| JPH0234715A (ja) * | 1988-07-25 | 1990-02-05 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 鋼の溶解及び二次精錬方法 |
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| US5112387A (en) * | 1991-08-21 | 1992-05-12 | Instituto Mexicano De Investigaciones Siderurgicas | Producing stainless steels in electric arc furnaces without secondary processing |
| JPH05117739A (ja) * | 1991-10-25 | 1993-05-14 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 鋼の溶解及び二次精練方法 |
| ATE132540T1 (de) * | 1991-11-27 | 1996-01-15 | Air Liquide | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum schmelzen einer charge im ofen |
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-
1995
- 1995-01-16 AT AT0005595A patent/AT403293B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-12-22 TW TW084113758A patent/TW363081B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1996
- 1996-01-10 KR KR1019960000345A patent/KR960029466A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-01-11 US US08/584,819 patent/US6077324A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-01-11 EP EP96890007A patent/EP0721990B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-11 DE DE59606475T patent/DE59606475D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-15 BR BR9600097A patent/BR9600097A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-01-15 CN CN96100860A patent/CN1134984A/zh active Pending
- 1996-01-15 ZA ZA96281A patent/ZA96281B/xx unknown
- 1996-01-16 JP JP00518996A patent/JP4195106B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-01-16 TR TR96/00032A patent/TR199600032A2/xx unknown
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0257450A2 (fr) * | 1986-08-27 | 1988-03-02 | Klöckner Cra Patent Gmbh | Procédé pour augmenter l'énergie alimentant les fours à arc électrique |
| JPH01162713A (ja) * | 1987-12-17 | 1989-06-27 | Shinagawa Refract Co Ltd | スクラップ溶解方法 |
| EP0342374A1 (fr) * | 1988-05-19 | 1989-11-23 | Nkk Corporation | Procédé de réduction en bain de fusion dans un four électrique |
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| AKADEM. VEREIN HÜTTE: "HÜTTE, TASCHENBUCH FÜR EISENHÜTTENLEUTE", 1961, VERLAG VON WILHELM ERNST UND SOHN, BERLIN * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AT403293B (de) | 1997-12-29 |
| TW363081B (en) | 1999-07-01 |
| KR960029466A (ko) | 1996-08-17 |
| DE59606475D1 (de) | 2001-04-05 |
| JP4195106B2 (ja) | 2008-12-10 |
| TR199600032A2 (tr) | 1996-08-21 |
| EP0721990A1 (fr) | 1996-07-17 |
| ATA5595A (de) | 1997-05-15 |
| BR9600097A (pt) | 1998-01-27 |
| CN1134984A (zh) | 1996-11-06 |
| JPH08225880A (ja) | 1996-09-03 |
| ZA96281B (en) | 1996-07-31 |
| US6077324A (en) | 2000-06-20 |
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