EP0703994B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum wärmebehandeln von werkstücken - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zum wärmebehandeln von werkstücken Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0703994B1 EP0703994B1 EP94917627A EP94917627A EP0703994B1 EP 0703994 B1 EP0703994 B1 EP 0703994B1 EP 94917627 A EP94917627 A EP 94917627A EP 94917627 A EP94917627 A EP 94917627A EP 0703994 B1 EP0703994 B1 EP 0703994B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- workpieces
- carbon dioxide
- gas
- flue gas
- furnace chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011874 heated mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 26
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021386 carbon form Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012432 intermediate storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/28—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in one step
- C23C8/30—Carbo-nitriding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/20—Carburising
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for the heat treatment of Workpieces, the workpieces being heated with radiant heat, Burning gaseous fuel, especially natural gas, is generated, and wherein at least some of the workpieces are subjected to a carburizing atmosphere becomes.
- a jacket radiant tube is used as an exo generator formed and generates a carrier gas which is led into the treatment room, a secondary gas containing carbon or nitrogen can be added.
- the invention has for its object the carburizing process from these points of view to optimize, d. H. reduce pollutant emissions and at the same time to improve the litigation at least so that no significant economic Losses have to be accepted.
- the method according to the invention is characterized in that that arises from the combustion of the gaseous fuel Flue gas carbon dioxide is separated that the carbon dioxide containing hydrocarbon Gas is mixed and that the gas mixture to create the carburizing atmosphere is heated.
- the environmental pollution is reduced considerably by separating the carbon dioxide from the flue gases of the radiant heating.
- the proportion of carbon dioxide in the flue gas is approximately 11%. Most of this can be separated from this.
- the residual flue gas contains only less than 1% carbon dioxide after the treatment.
- the carbon dioxide is supplied to the carburizing process as an oxygen and carbon supplier, with the effect that that the carburizing time is reduced significantly, namely by 20 to 40%.
- the carburizing time depends on the temperature, the diffusion coefficient and the mass transfer coefficient. At a given temperature, the latter two coefficients determine the speed, with equal to side by side at small to medium carburizing depths (0.2 to about 0.8 or 1.0 mm).
- the invention has a particularly favorable effect in this area. It leads to an increase in the mass transfer coefficient of around a factor of 2.5.
- a particular advantage of the invention is that the entire process is continuous can be driven, with the possibility, if necessary, of the separated Intermediate storage of carbon dioxide. Is preferably used as hydrocarbon Gas used natural gas.
- the carburizing atmosphere is created by an endothermic reaction.
- the for this required heat is preferably taken from the radiant heat used for heating of the workpieces. This can happen, for example, that the mixture of carbon dioxide and hydrocarbonaceous gas directly into the furnace chamber initiates. However, there is a risk that it will result in an inadmissible Soot comes. It may therefore be more advantageous to pass the gas mixture over a catalyst to ensure that the endothermic reaction without soot formation can expire.
- the catalyst also ensures optimal mixing of the Components.
- the endogas generator can be arranged outside the furnace chamber be. However, separate heating is usually required. Accordingly it may be more advantageous to arrange the generator in the furnace chamber, and preferably in the ceiling area, i.e. where there is a high temperature level prevails and where the fans are located.
- the carbon dioxide by pressure change resulting from the combustion of the gaseous fuel Separate flue gas.
- This process uses the pressure-dependent Accumulation properties of the carbon dioxide, for example Molecular sieves It can be easily in the continuous Integrate process and is economically favorable.
- the carburization reaction produces carbon dioxide and Water. Since this reaction in the method according to the invention runs particularly quickly, a local surplus can accumulate Reaction products result, with the consequence that it too undesirable edge zone oxidation of the workpieces.
- Inoculate carburizing atmosphere with heavy hydrocarbon Especially the slow reacting methane, which is preferred is made available in the form of natural gas Able to buffer the products of the carburization reaction and on prevent oxidation of the material. At the same time made sure that the carbon level in the Carburizing atmosphere is maintained. For prevention the edge zone oxidation must be ensured that the heavy hydrocarbon gets to the workpieces shield endangered surfaces.
- one local hydrocarbon concentration of 4 to 6% to adjust.
- the remaining flue gas after the removal of the carbon dioxide the radiant heater can be used as a purge gas are used, for example, to make locks inert.
- this residual flue gas for nitro-carburizing part of the To use workpieces with the addition of ammonia.
- nitro carburizing alongside the ammonia commercially available and commercially available use acquired carbon dioxide.
- constituents are formed by the residual flue gas delivered. This leads to an additional increase in Profitability and thus to a considerable increase the desired optimization effect.
- the nitro carburizing process can be easily in the continuous Integrate the entire process.
- the removal of carbon dioxide from the Flue gas from the radiant heater is set so that both the needs of the carburizing process as well as those of the Nitro carburizing process can be taken into account. Overall, this results in an extremely economical process of extreme environmental friendliness.
- the invention also provides an apparatus for Heat treatment of workpieces with at least one furnace chamber, which is equipped with gas powered radiant heating pipes, and with a generator for generating carburizing gas for the Furnace chamber, this device being characterized in that that the radiant heating pipes with their flue gas lines to a Pressure change device are connected and that the Pressure change device with its carbon dioxide outlet line the generator is connected.
- the pressure change device separates carbon dioxide from the flue gas of the radiant heating pipes, whereupon the carbon dioxide as oxygen and Carbon supplier gets into the generator to be there with a hydrocarbon-containing gas, preferably natural gas, endothermic to react.
- the generator is for heating it advantageously arranged in the furnace chamber, namely in their ceiling area.
- the pressure change device with its residual flue gas outlet line to connect to a second oven chamber, which has an ammonia inlet line and serves a Part of the workpieces that should not be carburized Nitro carburizing.
- a common control ensures that synchronize individual processes and to run continuously.
- the invention is based on a preferred Embodiment of a device according to the invention in Connection with the accompanying drawing explained.
- the drawing shows a schematic block diagram.
- the device has a first furnace chamber 1, which is used for carburizing workpieces 2 and gas-powered radiant tubes 3 is heated. The latter are via its flue gas lines 4 to a pressure change device 5 connected.
- the flue gas Radiant heating tubes 3 freed of carbon dioxide. This results a reduction in environmental pollution.
- that serves Carbon dioxide to produce endogas by raising a significant increase in the mass transfer coefficient the carburizing rate is achieved. This increases the profitability of the carburizing process.
- the device also has a second Furnace chamber 10 used for nitro-carburizing workpieces 11 serves.
- the second furnace chamber is heated via Radiant heating tubes 12. These are with their flue gas lines 13 also connected to the pressure change device 5. Accordingly, they contribute to the generator 7 To supply carbon dioxide.
- the pressure change device 5 has an outlet line 14 which serves to remove the residual flue gas from the radiant heating tubes 3 and 12 into the second furnace chamber.
- the rest of the flue gas contains a share of carbon dioxide and also one Proportion of nitrogen.
- ammonia which has a Line 15 is supplied, the residual flue gas forms the Atmosphere for nitro carburizing the workpieces 11.
- a controller ensures that the Carbon dioxide content of the flue gases in the pressure change device according to the respective requirements for the furnace chambers 1 and 10 is split. Furthermore, the control causes one Synchronization of the individual processes, in such a way that the entire process can be operated continuously.
- the second Oven chamber 10 can be dispensed with. Instead, that can be done the pressure change device 5 residual flue gas for Inerting locks or the like Find use.
- the generator 7 can be arranged outside the furnace chamber 1 be, but then an additional heating is required. The generator 7 can also be used entirely to be dispensed with. That from the pressure change device 5 Coming carbon dioxide will come with the under these circumstances Mixed natural gas entered directly in the furnace chamber.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
Description
Das Kohlendioxid wird dem Aufkohlungsprozeß als Sauerstoff- und Kohlenstofflieferant zugeführt, und zwar mit dem Effekt,
daß die Aufkohlungszeit wesentlich reduziert wird, nämlich um 20 bis 40 %. Die Aufkohlungszeit hängt ab von der Temperatur, dem Diffusionskoeffizienten und dem Stoffübergangskoeffizienten. Bei vorgegebener Temperatur sind die beiden letztgenannten Koeffizienten geschwindigkeitsbestimmend, und zwar bei kleinen bis mittleren Aufkohlungstiefen (0,2 bis etwa 0,8 oder 1,0 mm) gleichrangig nebeneinander. In diesem Bereich wirkt sich die Erfindung besonders günstig aus. Sie führt zu einer Erhöhung des Stoffübergangskoeffizienten etwa um den Faktor 2,5.
Claims (10)
- Verfahren zum Wärmebehandeln von Werkstücken, wobei die Werkstücke mit Strahlungswärme erwärmt werden, die durch Verbrennen von gasförmigem Brennstoff, insbesondere von Erdgas, erzeugt wird, und wobei mindestens ein Teil der Werkstücke mit einer Karburieratmosphäre beaufschlagt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß aus dem bei der Verbrennung des gasförmigen Brennstoffs entstehenden Rauchgas Kohlendioxid abgetrennt wird, daß das Kohlendioxid mit kohlenwasserstoffhaltigem Gas gemischt wird und daß das Gasgemisch zur Erzeugung der Karburieratmosphäre erwärmt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als kohlenwasserstoffhaltiges Gas Erdgas verwendet wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gasgemisch mit der zur Erwärmung der Werkstücke dienenden Strahlenwärme erwärmt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gasgemisch über einen Katalysator geleitet wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Kohlendioxid durch Druckwechsel aus dem bei der Verbrennung des gasförmigen Brennstoffs entstehenden Rauchgas abgetrennt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Karburieratmosphäre mit schwerem Kohlenwasserstoff geimpft wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das nach dem Abtrennen des Kohlendioxid verbleibende Rest-Rauchgas zum Nitro-Karburieren eines Teils der Werkstücke verwendet wird, und zwar unter Zusatz von Ammoniak.
- Vorrichtung zum Wärmebehandeln von Werkstücken mit mindestens einer Ofenkammer, die mit gasbetriebenen Strahlheizrohren versehen ist, und mit einem Generator zum Erzeugen von Karburiergas für die Ofenkammer, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Strahlheizrohre (3, 12) mit ihren Rauchgasleitungen (4, 13) an eine Druckwechseleinrichtung (5) angeschlossen sind und daß die Druckwechseleinrichtung mit ihrer Kohlendioxid-Auslaßleitung (6) an den Generator (7) angeschlossen ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Druckwechseleinrichtung (5) mit ihrer Rest-Rauchgas-Auslaßleitung (14) an eine zweite Ofenkammer (10) angeschlossen ist, die eine Ammoniak-Einlaßleitung (15) aufweist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweite Ofenkammer (10) gasbetriebene Strahlheizrohre (12) aufweist, die mit ihren Rauchgasleitungen (13) an die Druckwechseleinrichtung (5) angeschlossen sind.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4318400A DE4318400C1 (de) | 1993-06-03 | 1993-06-03 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Wärmebehandeln von Werkstücken |
| DE4318400 | 1993-06-03 | ||
| PCT/EP1994/001542 WO1994029491A1 (de) | 1993-06-03 | 1994-05-13 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum wärmebehandeln von werkstücken |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0703994A1 EP0703994A1 (de) | 1996-04-03 |
| EP0703994B1 true EP0703994B1 (de) | 1998-04-22 |
Family
ID=6489509
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94917627A Expired - Lifetime EP0703994B1 (de) | 1993-06-03 | 1994-05-13 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum wärmebehandeln von werkstücken |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5830284A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0703994B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPH08511063A (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE165399T1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE4318400C1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1994029491A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10031921A1 (de) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-17 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Prozessgasaufkohlungsverfahren |
| EP1451306A1 (de) * | 2001-11-06 | 2004-09-01 | Medtronic, Inc. | Verfahren und system zur operativen versorgung nach myokardinfarkt |
| US10196730B2 (en) | 2009-09-10 | 2019-02-05 | Ald Vacuum Technologies Gmbh | Method and device for hardening workpieces, and workpieces hardened according to the method |
| DE102009041041B4 (de) | 2009-09-10 | 2011-07-14 | ALD Vacuum Technologies GmbH, 63450 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Härten von Werkstücken, sowie nach dem Verfahren gehärtete Werkstücke |
| DE102015117683B3 (de) * | 2015-10-16 | 2016-09-29 | Wienstroth Wärmebehandlungstechnik GmbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung und Behandlung von Schutz- und/oder Reaktionsgasen zur Wärmebehandlung von Metallen |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1817345A (en) * | 1927-07-19 | 1931-08-04 | Carbide & Carbon Chem Corp | Process for case carburizing and heat treating metals |
| GB1004573A (en) * | 1962-08-17 | 1965-09-15 | Incandescent Ltd | Improvements in regenerative furnaces |
| CH448673A (fr) * | 1965-12-09 | 1967-12-15 | Four Electr Delemont Sa Du | Procédé de cémentation gazeuse d'acier |
| US3712597A (en) * | 1970-11-18 | 1973-01-23 | Air Preheater | Glass manufacturing system |
| US3870474B1 (en) * | 1972-11-13 | 1991-04-02 | Regenerative incinerator systems for waste gases | |
| DE2419997C2 (de) * | 1974-04-25 | 1986-02-27 | Ruhrgas Ag, 4300 Essen | Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Erzeugung härtbarer bzw. verschleißfester Oberflächenschichten von Stahlteilen in einem Glühofen |
| JPS5236610B2 (de) * | 1974-05-09 | 1977-09-17 | ||
| US4219324A (en) * | 1978-09-12 | 1980-08-26 | The C. M. Kemp Manufacturing Company | Process for treating metals using recycled gases |
| US4217091A (en) * | 1978-10-10 | 1980-08-12 | B & K Machinery International Limited | Oven process with solvent free exhaust |
| GB2076023B (en) * | 1980-05-02 | 1983-08-03 | Air Prod & Chem | Gas carburising |
| GB2082634B (en) * | 1980-08-13 | 1984-04-18 | Boc Ltd | Heat treatment method |
| JPS6056059A (ja) * | 1983-09-06 | 1985-04-01 | Koyo Rindobaagu Kk | 浸炭熱処理炉の排ガス変成再利用法 |
| DE3742685A1 (de) * | 1987-12-16 | 1989-07-13 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zur waermebehandlung von metallen |
| DE4110361C2 (de) * | 1991-03-28 | 1998-04-30 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zum Gasaufkohlen von Eisenwerkstücken und Anlagen zu deren Durchführung |
-
1993
- 1993-06-03 DE DE4318400A patent/DE4318400C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-05-13 AT AT94917627T patent/ATE165399T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-05-13 US US08/553,710 patent/US5830284A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-05-13 JP JP7501232A patent/JPH08511063A/ja active Pending
- 1994-05-13 EP EP94917627A patent/EP0703994B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-13 DE DE59405801T patent/DE59405801D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-05-13 WO PCT/EP1994/001542 patent/WO1994029491A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1994029491A1 (de) | 1994-12-22 |
| US5830284A (en) | 1998-11-03 |
| ATE165399T1 (de) | 1998-05-15 |
| JPH08511063A (ja) | 1996-11-19 |
| DE4318400C1 (de) | 1994-06-23 |
| DE59405801D1 (de) | 1998-05-28 |
| EP0703994A1 (de) | 1996-04-03 |
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