EP0686809A1 - Method and device for waste processing - Google Patents
Method and device for waste processing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0686809A1 EP0686809A1 EP95108189A EP95108189A EP0686809A1 EP 0686809 A1 EP0686809 A1 EP 0686809A1 EP 95108189 A EP95108189 A EP 95108189A EP 95108189 A EP95108189 A EP 95108189A EP 0686809 A1 EP0686809 A1 EP 0686809A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- carbonization
- carbon
- waste
- residue
- line
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims description 28
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/20—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having rotating or oscillating drums
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/006—General arrangement of incineration plant, e.g. flow sheets
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
- F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for waste processing, wherein part of the waste is carbonized, whereby carbonization gas and carbonization residue are formed, and wherein a carbon-rich fraction is separated from the carbonization residue.
- the invention also relates to a plant for waste processing with a rotary kiln, in which a burner is arranged, and with a carbonization drum, the output side of which is connected to a carbonization gas line and to a separation device for solid carbonization residue, from which a line for a carbon-rich fraction of the carbonization residue originates .
- a system for waste processing in which part of the delivered waste is placed in a rotary kiln and another part in a smoldering drum, is from the table template of the SBW (Sonderab fallentsorgung Baden-They GmbH), which is discussed at the Forum Baden- wrote's special waste management forum "Treatment Procedures" submitted in June 1993 are known.
- SBW Nonderab fallentsorgung Baden-They GmbH
- part of the waste is charred.
- the carbonization gas is used as an energy source for the incineration of the remaining waste.
- the smoldering residue from the smoldering process is fractionated, whereby metals and other inert components are separated out separately.
- a remaining carbon-rich fraction of the smoldering residue is mixed with the delivered waste in order to increase its calorific value.
- the invention was based on the object of specifying a method and a system which enable a significantly longer operating time and less maintenance of the rotary kiln.
- the object of specifying a suitable method is achieved according to the invention in that at least part of the carbon-rich fraction of the smoldering residue is used as fuel for a support flame for burning another part of the waste.
- the carbon-containing fraction of the carbonization residue are used directly as fuel for the support flame, which is necessary to be able to burn waste with a low calorific value, which is usually hazardous waste. Because the carbon-rich fraction is used as fuel and not only to increase the calorific value of waste, it puts less strain on the rotary kiln and the maintenance of the rotary kiln can be restricted. In addition, other fuel that would be necessary to heat the rotary kiln is advantageously saved. Neither natural gas nor heating oil need be used.
- the rest of the carbonization gas and the rest of the carbon-rich fraction can be burned. This combustion can take place in an afterburning chamber which is connected downstream of the rotary kiln.
- the waste to be disposed of is pre-sorted in such a way that normal household waste, which has a high calorific value, is carbonized and that special waste, the calorific value of which is low, is incinerated in a rotary kiln.
- Special waste containers e.g. Barrels, unopened, can be placed directly in the very large rotary kiln.
- the rotary kiln is heated with carbonization gas and carbon-containing carbonization residue from the carbonization process, which are produced specifically for this purpose from household waste with a carbonization drum. Excess carbonization gas and excess carbon-rich carbonate residues can be burned in the afterburning chamber without stressing the rotary kiln.
- the object of specifying a suitable plant for waste processing is achieved according to the invention in that the line for the carbon-rich fraction of the smoldering residue is connected to the burner in the rotary kiln.
- the carbon-rich fraction of the smoldering residue is used directly to heat the rotary kiln. Since the carbon-rich fraction is not fed into the rotary kiln together with the waste, the rotary kiln is less stressed and requires less maintenance.
- the carbonization gas line emanating from the carbonization drum can also be connected to the burner in the rotary kiln.
- the fuel for this burner can therefore be carbonization gas and / or carbon-containing carbonization residue. No external fuel, such as natural gas, is therefore advantageously required.
- the carbonization gas line and / or the line for the carbon-rich fraction of the carbonization residue can, for example, in addition to the burner in the rotary kiln, also be connected directly to an afterburning chamber downstream of the rotary kiln.
- the carbonization line and / or the line for the carbon-rich fraction are connected to controllable distribution devices which are connected to the burner by first line branches and to the afterburner chamber by second line branches.
- first garbage entry device for domestic waste which is connected to the entrance of the smoldering drum
- second garbage entry device for special waste which is connected to the entrance of the rotary kiln.
- the advantage is achieved in particular that combined household and special waste can be disposed of without a fuel must be purchased to heat the hazardous waste.
- the throughput through the rotary kiln is reduced to such an extent that one can get by with a small, inexpensive rotary kiln, which moreover requires less maintenance than a large rotary kiln.
- the drawing shows a plant for waste processing according to the invention.
- Special waste can be disposed of with the system shown. This can also be used in containers, e.g. Barrels to be delivered.
- the hazardous waste is fed into a rotary kiln 2 via an entry device 1. Both the entry device 1 and the rotary kiln 2 are so large that the containers do not need to be opened.
- Whole filled drums can be put into the rotary kiln 2.
- the temperature is about 1300 ° C.
- the rotary kiln 2 opens into an afterburning chamber 3 which does not rotate. There the temperature is between 1200 ° C and 1300 ° C.
- a slag discharge 4 and a flue gas discharge 5 emanate from the afterburning chamber 3. The slag and the flue gas are further processed in the usual way.
- the flue gas can be passed through a waste heat boiler 6 for heat dissipation. From there it reaches a chimney 8 via a flue gas cleaning device 7. Since the hazardous waste has a very low calorific value, it must be heated in the rotary kiln 2 by a burner 9 arranged there. A fuel must be supplied to this burner 9.
- a smoldering drum 10 which is fed in via an entry device 11 domestic waste, which in usually has a high calorific value. Smoldering gas and solid smoldering residue are formed in the smoldering drum 10.
- the carbonization gas is fed to a distribution device 12 via a carbonization gas line 15. From there, carbonization gas is fed to the burner 9 as fuel via a line branch 15a. The remaining carbonization gas passes from the distribution device 12 via a line branch 15b directly into the afterburning chamber 3.
- the carbonization residue arrives from a discharge housing 10a of the carbonization drum 10 in a separating device 13. There the coarse portions are separated from the fine portions of the carbonization residue.
- the coarse fractions are stones, metals and other inert substances which are released via a discharge 17. They can be further separated and used again.
- the fine portion is high in carbon. It is fed to a distribution device 14 via a line 16. From there, carbon-rich smoldering residue is fed to the burner 9 as fuel via a line branch 16a. The remaining carbon-rich smoldering residue reaches the afterburning chamber 3 from the distribution device 14 via a line branch 16b.
- the distribution devices 12, 14 supply only as much fuel to the burner 9 as is required there.
- a similar burner (not shown), which can be located in the afterburning chamber 3, can also be supplied with carbonization gas and carbon-rich carbonization residue.
- the advantage is achieved that the heating energy, which is necessary for the disposal of hazardous waste, is generated from domestic waste with the help of a smoldering drum 10 operated in parallel.
- use of the carbonaceous smoldering residue is possible. Since excess carbonization residue, as well as excess carbonization gas, which are not necessary for heating the hazardous waste, are fed directly into the afterburning chamber 3, you get by with a relatively small and therefore inexpensive rotary kiln 2, which requires little maintenance.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Abfallverarbeitung, wobei ein Teil des Abfalls verschwelt wird, wodurch Schwelgas und Schwelreststoff entstehen, und wobei vom Schwelreststoff eine kohlenstoffreiche Fraktion abgetrennt wird.The invention relates to a method for waste processing, wherein part of the waste is carbonized, whereby carbonization gas and carbonization residue are formed, and wherein a carbon-rich fraction is separated from the carbonization residue.
Die Erfindung betrifft auch eine Anlage zur Abfallverarbeitung mit einem Drehrohrofen, in dem ein Brenner angeordnet ist, und mit einer Schweltrommel, die ausgangsseitig mit einer Schwelgasleitung und mit einer Trennvorrichtung für festen Schwelreststoff verbunden ist, von der eine Leitung für eine kohlenstoffreiche Fraktion des Schwelreststoffes ausgeht.The invention also relates to a plant for waste processing with a rotary kiln, in which a burner is arranged, and with a carbonization drum, the output side of which is connected to a carbonization gas line and to a separation device for solid carbonization residue, from which a line for a carbon-rich fraction of the carbonization residue originates .
Eine Anlage zur Abfallverarbeitung, bei der ein Teil des angelieferten Abfalls in einen Drehrohrofen und ein anderer Teil in eine Schweltrommel eingebracht werden, ist aus der Tischvorlage der SBW (Sonderabfallentsorgung Baden-Württemberg GmbH), die beim Forum Sonderabfallwirtschaft des Landes Baden-Württemberg zum Thema "Behandlungsverfahren" im Juni 1993 vorgelegt wurde, bekannt. Bei der dort auf Seite 12 gezeigten Anlage wird ein Teil des Abfalls verschwelt. Das Schwelgas wird als Energieträger für die Verbrennung des restlichen Abfalls eingesetzt. Der beim Schwelvorgang anfallende Schwelreststoff wird fraktioniert, wobei Metalle und andere inerte Bestandteile getrennt ausgesondert werden. Eine verbleibende kohlenstoffreiche Fraktion des Schwelreststoffes wird dem angelieferten Abfall beigemischt, um dessen Heizwert zu erhöhen.A system for waste processing, in which part of the delivered waste is placed in a rotary kiln and another part in a smoldering drum, is from the table template of the SBW (Sonderabfallentsorgung Baden-Württemberg GmbH), which is discussed at the Forum Baden-Württemberg's special waste management forum "Treatment Procedures" submitted in June 1993 are known. In the plant shown there on
Bei der bekannten Anlage wird die kohlenstoffreiche Fraktion des Schwelreststoffes zusammen mit Abfall direkt in den Drehrohrofen eingebracht und dort verbrannt. Es muß daher ein entsprechend großer Drehrohrofen vorgesehen sein. Insbesondere muß wegen des großen Durchsatzes häufig eine Wartung oder sogar ein Austausch des Drehrohrofens vorgenommen werden.In the known system, the carbon-rich fraction of the smoldering residue is introduced together with waste directly into the rotary kiln and burned there. A correspondingly large rotary kiln must therefore be provided. Especially Because of the high throughput, maintenance or even replacement of the rotary kiln is often necessary.
Der Erfindung lag die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Anlage anzugeben, die eine deutlich höhere Einsatzzeit und weniger Wartungen des Drehrohrofens ermöglichen.The invention was based on the object of specifying a method and a system which enable a significantly longer operating time and less maintenance of the rotary kiln.
Die Aufgabe, ein geeignetes Verfahren anzugeben, wird gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß zumindest ein Teil der kohlenstoffreichen Fraktion des Schwelreststoffes als Brennstoff für eine Stützflamme zum Verbrennen eines anderen Teils des Abfalles verwendet wird.The object of specifying a suitable method is achieved according to the invention in that at least part of the carbon-rich fraction of the smoldering residue is used as fuel for a support flame for burning another part of the waste.
Nicht nur das Schwelgas, sondern auch die kohlenstoffhaltige Fraktion des Schwelreststoffes werden unmittelbar als Brennstoff für die Stützflamme eingesetzt, die notwendig ist, um Abfall mit niedrigem Heizwert verbrennen zu können, der in der Regel Sonderabfall ist. Dadurch, daß die kohlenstoffreiche Fraktion als Brennstoff und nicht nur zur Erhöhung des Heizwertes von Abfall verwendet wird, belastet sie den Drehrohrofen weniger und die Wartungen des Drehrohrofens können eingeschränkt werden. Außerdem wird vorteilhafterweise anderer Brennstoff, der zum Beheizen des Drehrohrofens notwendig wäre, eingespart. Es brauchen weder Erdgas noch Heizöl eingesetzt zu werden.Not only the carbonization gas, but also the carbon-containing fraction of the carbonization residue are used directly as fuel for the support flame, which is necessary to be able to burn waste with a low calorific value, which is usually hazardous waste. Because the carbon-rich fraction is used as fuel and not only to increase the calorific value of waste, it puts less strain on the rotary kiln and the maintenance of the rotary kiln can be restricted. In addition, other fuel that would be necessary to heat the rotary kiln is advantageously saved. Neither natural gas nor heating oil need be used.
Falls mehr Schwelgas und mehr kohlenstoffreiche Bestandteile des Schwelreststoffes zur Verfügung stehen als für die Stützflamme erforderlich ist, können der Rest des Schwelgases und der Rest der kohlenstoffreichen Fraktion verbrannt werden. Diese Verbrennung kann in einer Nachbrennkammer erfolgen, die dem Drehrohrofen nachgeschaltet ist.If more carbonization gas and more carbon-rich components of the carbonization residue are available than is required for the support flame, the rest of the carbonization gas and the rest of the carbon-rich fraction can be burned. This combustion can take place in an afterburning chamber which is connected downstream of the rotary kiln.
Damit wird der Vorteil erzielt, daß überschüssiges Schwelgas und überschüssige kohlenstoffhaltige Schwelreststoffanteile unter Umgehung des Drehrohrofens in der Nachbrennkammer beseitigt werden. Man kommt vorteilhafterweise wegen des geringeren Durchsatzes mit einem kleinen, kostengünstigen Drehrohrofen aus. Außerdem verringert sich der Wartungsaufwand für den Drehrohrofen. Die Verbrennung der überschüssigen Stoffe in der Nachbrennkammer ist mit einfachen Mitteln möglich, da die Nachbrennkammer keine drehenden Bauteile hatThis has the advantage that excess carbonization gas and excess carbonaceous carbonate residues are eliminated bypassing the rotary kiln in the afterburning chamber become. It is advantageous to use a small, inexpensive rotary kiln because of the lower throughput. In addition, the maintenance effort for the rotary kiln is reduced. The combustion of the excess substances in the afterburning chamber is possible with simple means, since the afterburning chamber has no rotating components
Beispielsweise wird der zu entsorgende Abfall derart vorsortiert, daß üblicher Hausmüll, der einen hohen Heizwert hat, verschwelt wird und daß Sondermüll, dessen Heizwert gering ist, im Drehrohrofen verbrannt wird. Dabei können Sonderabfallgebinde, z.B. Fässer, ungeöffnet direkt in den sehr großen Drehrohrofen eingebracht werden. Die notwendige Beheizung des Drehrohrofens erfolgt mit Schwelgas und kohlenstoffhaltigem Schwelreststoff aus dem Schwelprozeß, die gezielt zu diesem Zweck aus Hausmüll mit einer Schweltrommel hergestellt werden. Überschüssiges Schwelgas und überschüssige kohlenstoffreiche Schwelreststoffanteile können, ohne den Drehrohrofen zu belasten, in der Nachbrennkammer verbrannt werden.For example, the waste to be disposed of is pre-sorted in such a way that normal household waste, which has a high calorific value, is carbonized and that special waste, the calorific value of which is low, is incinerated in a rotary kiln. Special waste containers, e.g. Barrels, unopened, can be placed directly in the very large rotary kiln. The rotary kiln is heated with carbonization gas and carbon-containing carbonization residue from the carbonization process, which are produced specifically for this purpose from household waste with a carbonization drum. Excess carbonization gas and excess carbon-rich carbonate residues can be burned in the afterburning chamber without stressing the rotary kiln.
Die Aufgabe, eine geeignete Anlage zur Abfallverarbeitung anzugeben, wird gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß die Leitung für die kohlenstoffreiche Fraktion des Schwelreststoffes mit dem Brenner im Drehrohrofen verbunden ist.The object of specifying a suitable plant for waste processing is achieved according to the invention in that the line for the carbon-rich fraction of the smoldering residue is connected to the burner in the rotary kiln.
Die kohlenstoffreiche Fraktion des Schwelreststoffes wird unmittelbar zum Beheizen des Drehrohrofens verwendet. Da die kohlenstoffreiche Fraktion nicht zusammen mit dem Abfall in dem Drehrohrofen eingespeist wird, wird der Drehrohrofen weniger belastet und muß weniger oft gewartet werden.The carbon-rich fraction of the smoldering residue is used directly to heat the rotary kiln. Since the carbon-rich fraction is not fed into the rotary kiln together with the waste, the rotary kiln is less stressed and requires less maintenance.
Die von der Schweltrommel ausgehende Schwelgasleitung kann auch mit dem Brenner im Drehrohrofen verbunden sein. Der Brennstoff für diesen Brenner kann also Schwelgas und/oder kohlenstoffhaltiger Schwelreststoff sein. Vorteilhafterweise wird daher kein externer Brennstoff, wie beispielsweise Erdgas, benötigt.The carbonization gas line emanating from the carbonization drum can also be connected to the burner in the rotary kiln. The fuel for this burner can therefore be carbonization gas and / or carbon-containing carbonization residue. No external fuel, such as natural gas, is therefore advantageously required.
Die Schwelgasleitung und/oder die Leitung für die kohlenstoffreiche Fraktion des Schwelreststoffes können beispielsweise außer mit dem Brenner im Drehrohrofen auch direkt mit einer dem Drehrohrofen nachgeordneten Nachbrennkammer verbunden sein.The carbonization gas line and / or the line for the carbon-rich fraction of the carbonization residue can, for example, in addition to the burner in the rotary kiln, also be connected directly to an afterburning chamber downstream of the rotary kiln.
Damit wird der Vorteil erzielt, daß Schwelgas und kohlenstoffreicher Schwelreststoff, die als Brennstoff nicht benötigt werden, ohne den Drehrohrofen zu belasten in der Nachbrennkammer in einfacher Weise beseitigt werden können. In der Nachbrennkammer ist eine vollständige Verbrennung dieser Stoffe möglich.This has the advantage that carbonization gas and carbon-rich carbonization residue, which are not required as fuel, can be removed in a simple manner in the afterburning chamber without loading the rotary kiln. A complete combustion of these substances is possible in the afterburning chamber.
Beispielsweise sind die Schwelgasleitung und/oder die Leitung für die kohlenstoffreiche Fraktion mit steuerbaren Verteileinrichtungen verbunden, die durch erste Leitungszweige mit dem Brenner und durch zweite Leitungszweige mit der Nachbrennkammer verbunden sind. Damit ist vorteilhafterweise möglich, daß das Schwelgas und die kohlenstoffreiche Fraktion des Schwelreststoffes so auf den Brenner und auf die Nachbrennkammer verteilt werden, daß der Brenner stets eine optimale Menge Brennstoff erhält.For example, the carbonization line and / or the line for the carbon-rich fraction are connected to controllable distribution devices which are connected to the burner by first line branches and to the afterburner chamber by second line branches. This advantageously makes it possible for the carbonization gas and the carbon-rich fraction of the carbonization residue to be distributed over the burner and the afterburner chamber in such a way that the burner always receives an optimal amount of fuel.
Beispielsweise ist eine erste Mülleintragsvorrichtung für Hausmüll vorhanden, die mit dem Eingang der Schweltrommel verbunden ist, und es ist eine zweite Mülleintragsvorrichtung für Sondermüll vorhanden, die mit dem Eingang des Drehrohrofens verbunden ist. Damit wird der Vorteil erzielt, daß der Sondermüll im Drehrohrofen und in der nachgeschalteten Nachbrennkammer beseitigt wird und daß mit der Schweltrommel ein für den Brenner des Drehrohrofens bestimmter Brennstoff aus Hausmüll erzeugt wird.For example, there is a first garbage entry device for domestic waste, which is connected to the entrance of the smoldering drum, and there is a second garbage entry device for special waste, which is connected to the entrance of the rotary kiln. This has the advantage that the hazardous waste in the rotary kiln and in the downstream afterburning chamber is eliminated and that a fuel intended for the burner of the rotary kiln is generated from domestic waste with the carbonization drum.
Mit dem Verfahren und der Anlage nach der Erfindung wird insbesondere der Vorteil erzielt, daß kombiniert Hausmüll und Sondermüll entsorgt werden können, ohne daß ein Brennstoff zum Erhitzen des Sondermülls zugekauft werden muß. Außerdem wird durch die Einspeisung von überschüssigem Schwelgas und kohlenstoffreichem Schwelreststoff in die Nachbrennkammer der Durchsatz durch den Drehrohrofen soweit vermindert, daß man mit einem kleinen, kostengünstigen Drehrohrofen auskommt, der außerdem weniger oft als ein großer Drehrohrofen gewartet werden muß.With the method and the system according to the invention, the advantage is achieved in particular that combined household and special waste can be disposed of without a fuel must be purchased to heat the hazardous waste. In addition, through the feeding of excess carbonization gas and carbon-rich carbonization residue into the afterburning chamber, the throughput through the rotary kiln is reduced to such an extent that one can get by with a small, inexpensive rotary kiln, which moreover requires less maintenance than a large rotary kiln.
Das Verfahren und die Anlage nach der Erfindung werden anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert:The method and the system according to the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the drawing:
Die Zeichnung zeigt eine Anlage zur Abfallverarbeitung nach der Erfindung.The drawing shows a plant for waste processing according to the invention.
Mit der gezeigten Anlage kann Sondermüll entsorgt werden. Dieser kann auch in Gebinden, z.B. Fassern, angeliefert werden. Der Sondermüll gelangt über eine Eintragsvorrichtung 1 in einen Drehrohrofen 2. Sowohl die Eintragsvorrichtung 1 als auch der Drehrohrofen 2 sind so groß ausgebildet, daß die Gebinde nicht geöffnet zu werden brauchen. Es können ganze gefüllte Fässer in den Drehrohrofen 2 hineingegeben werden. Im Drehrohrofen 2 beträgt die Temperatur etwa 1300 °C. Der Drehrohrofen 2 mündet in eine Nachbrennkammer 3, die sich nicht dreht. Dort beträgt die Temperatur etwa zwischen 1200°C und 1300 °C. Von der Nachbrennkammer 3 gehen eine Schlackeableitung 4 und eine Rauchgasableitung 5 aus. Die Schlacke und das Rauchgas werden in üblicher Weise weiterbehandelt. Das Rauchgas kann zur Wärmeableitung durch einen Abhitzekessel 6 geleitet werden. Von dort gelangt es über eine Rauchgasreinigungsvorrichtung 7 zu einem Kamin 8. Da der Sondermüll einen sehr geringen Heizwert hat, muß er im Drehrohrhofen 2 durch einen dort angeordneten Brenner 9 erhitzt werden. Diesem Brenner 9 muß, ein Brennstoff zugeführt werden.Special waste can be disposed of with the system shown. This can also be used in containers, e.g. Barrels to be delivered. The hazardous waste is fed into a
Damit kein externer Brennstoff, wie beispielsweise Erdgas, benötigt wird, ist eine Schweltrommel 10 vorhanden, der über eine Eintragsvorrichtung 11 Hausmüll zugeleitet wird, der in der Regel einen hohen Heizwert hat. In der Schweltrommel 10 werden Schwelgas und fester Schwelreststoff gebildet. Das Schwelgas wird über eine Schwelgasleitung 15 einer Verteileinrichtung 12 zugeführt. Von dort wird Schwelgas über einen Leitungszweig 15a dem Brenner 9 als Brennstoff zugeleitet. Das restliche Schwelgas gelangt von der Verteileinrichtung 12 aus über einen Leitungszweig 15b direkt in die Nachbrennkammer 3. Der Schwelreststoff gelangt von einem Austragsgehäuse 10a der Schweltrommel 10 in eine Trennvorrichtung 13. Dort werden die groben Anteile von den feinen Anteilen des Schwelreststoffes getrennt. Die groben Anteile sind dabei Steine, Metalle und andere inerte Stoffe, die über einen Austrag 17 abgegeben werden. Sie können weiter separiert und wieder verwendet werden. Der feine Anteil ist kohlenstoffreich. Er wird über eine Leitung 16 einer Verteileinrichtung 14 zugeführt. Von dort wird kohlenstoffreicher Schwelreststoff über einen Leitungszweig 16a dem Brenner 9 als Brennstoff zugeleitet. Der restliche kohlenstoffreiche Schwelreststoff gelangt von der Verteileinrichtung 14 aus über einen Leitungszweig 16b direkt in die Nachbrennkammer 3. Die Verteileinrichtungen 12, 14 führen nur soviel Brennstoff dem Brenner 9 zu wie dort benötigt wird.So that no external fuel, such as natural gas, is required, a smoldering
Außer dem gezeigten Brenner 9 im Drehrohrofen 2 kann auch ein nicht dargestellter ähnlicher Brenner, der sich in der Nachbrennkammer 3 befinden kann, mit Schwelgas und kohlenstoffreichem Schwelreststoff versorgt werden.In addition to the
Mit der gezeigten Anlage wird der Vorteil erzielt, daß die Heizenergie, die für die Entsorgung von Sondermüll notwendig ist, mit Hilfe einer parallel betriebenen Schweltrommel 10 aus Hausmüll erzeugt wird. Gleichzeitig ist eine Verwendung des kohlenstoffhaltigen Schwelreststoffes möglich. Da überschüssiger Schwelreststoff, wie auch überschüssiges Schwelgas, die nicht für die Erwärmung des Sondermülls notwendig sind, direkt in die Nachbrennkammer 3 eingespeist werden, kommt man mit einem relativ kleinen und daher kostengünstigen Drehrohrofen 2 aus, der nur wenig gewartet werden muß.With the system shown, the advantage is achieved that the heating energy, which is necessary for the disposal of hazardous waste, is generated from domestic waste with the help of a smoldering
Claims (9)
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zumindest ein Teil der kohlenstoffreichen Fraktion des Schwelreststoffes als Brennstoff für eine Stützflamme zum Verbrennen eines anderen Teils des Abfalls verwendet wird.Process for processing waste, in which part of the waste is carbonized, resulting in carbonization gas and carbonization residue, and a carbon-rich fraction is separated from the carbonization residue,
characterized in that at least part of the carbon-rich fraction of the smoldering residue is used as fuel for a support flame for burning another part of the waste.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Rest der kohlenstoffreichen Fraktion verbrannt wird.Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that the rest of the carbon-rich fraction is burned.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Hausmüll verschwelt wird und daß zumindest ein Teil des dabei gebildeten Schwelgases und/oder der dabei gebildeten kohlenstoffreichen Fraktion des Schwelreststoffes als Brennstoff für eine Stützflamme zum Verbrennen von Sondermüll verwendet wird.Method according to one of claims 1 or 2,
characterized in that household waste is carbonized and in that at least part of the carbonization gas formed and / or the carbon-rich fraction of carbonization residue formed thereby is used as fuel for a support flame for burning hazardous waste.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leitung (16-16a) für die kohlenstoffreiche Fraktion mit dem Brenner (9) im Drehrohrofen (2) verbunden ist.Plant for waste processing with a rotary kiln (2), in which a burner (9) is arranged, and with a carbonization drum (10), which is connected on the output side to a carbonization gas line (15) and to a separating device (13) for solid carbonization residue which runs out a line (16) for a carbon-rich fraction of the smoldering residue,
characterized in that the line (16-16a) for the carbon-rich fraction is connected to the burner (9) in the rotary kiln (2).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leitung (16-16a, 16-16b) für die kohlenstoffreiche Fraktion außer mit dem Brenner (9) auch mit einem Eingang der Nachbrennkammer (3) verbunden ist.System according to claim 4, wherein the rotary kiln (2) is connected on the output side to a post-combustion chamber (3),
characterized in that the line (16-16a, 16-16b) for the carbon-rich fraction in addition to the burner (9) is also connected to an inlet of the afterburner (3).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leitung (16) für die kohlenstoffreiche Fraktion mit einer steuerbaren Verteileinrichtung (14) verbunden ist, die durch einen ersten Leitungszweig (16a) mit dem Brenner (9) und durch einen zweiten Leitungszweig (16b) mit der Nachbrennkammer (3) verbunden ist.System according to claim 5,
characterized in that the line (16) for the carbon-rich fraction is connected to a controllable distribution device (14) which is connected to the burner (9) by a first line branch (16a) and to the afterburner chamber (3 ) connected is.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schwelgasleitung (15-15b) auch mit dem Eingang der Nachbrennkammer (3) verbunden ist.System according to one of claims 5 or 6, wherein the carbonization line (15-15a) is connected to the burner (9) in the rotary kiln (2),
characterized in that the carbonization line (15-15b) is also connected to the entrance of the afterburner chamber (3).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schwelgasleituing (15) mit einer steuerbaren Verteileinrichtung (12) verbunden ist, die durch einen ersten Leitungszweig (15a) mit dem Brenner (9) und durch einen zweiten Leitungszweig (15b) mit der Nachbrennkammer (3) verbunden ist.System according to claim 7,
characterized in that the carbonization line (15) is connected to a controllable distribution device (12) which is connected to the burner (9) by a first line branch (15a) and to the afterburner chamber (3) by a second line branch (15b).
dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß eine erste Eintragsvorrichtung (11) für Hausmüll mit dem Eingang der Schweltrommel (10) verbunden ist und daß eine zweite Eintragsvorrichtung (1) für Sondermüll mit dem Eingang des Drehrohrofens (2) verbunden ist.System according to one of claims 4 to 8,
characterized in that a first entry device (11) for domestic waste is connected to the entrance of the smoldering drum (10) and that a second entry device (1) for special waste is connected to the entrance of the rotary kiln (2).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4420420A DE4420420A1 (en) | 1994-06-10 | 1994-06-10 | Process and plant for waste processing |
| DE4420420 | 1994-06-10 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0686809A1 true EP0686809A1 (en) | 1995-12-13 |
| EP0686809B1 EP0686809B1 (en) | 1998-01-14 |
Family
ID=6520341
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP95108189A Expired - Lifetime EP0686809B1 (en) | 1994-06-10 | 1995-05-29 | Method and device for waste processing |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5724900A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0686809B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE162291T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4420420A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0686809T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2111354T3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0908674A1 (en) * | 1997-10-13 | 1999-04-14 | Asea Brown Boveri AG | Process for the combustion of refuse in an incinerator and for processing the residues from the incineration |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6199492B1 (en) * | 1992-02-26 | 2001-03-13 | KüNSTLER JOHANN HANS | Process for melting down combustion residues into slag |
| DE19706606A1 (en) * | 1997-02-20 | 1998-08-27 | Babcock Anlagen Gmbh | Process for controlling the temperature in thermal waste treatment plants and waste treatment plant |
| DE19723911A1 (en) * | 1997-06-06 | 1998-12-10 | Wolfgang Wuth | Low temperature pyrolysis of e.g. lumpy scrap containing low-melting alloy, composites and harmful substances |
| US6189463B1 (en) * | 1998-05-12 | 2001-02-20 | General Technology, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for incinerating combustible waste material such as farm animal biomass |
| AT3951U3 (en) * | 1999-09-24 | 2001-04-25 | Gregor Dipl Ing Rosinger | SVK METHOD FOR THE STERILE ENERGY RECYCLING OF CLINICAL WASTE |
| US7087140B1 (en) | 2001-09-10 | 2006-08-08 | Menian Harry H | Carbonizing waste processing apparatus |
| US6807916B2 (en) * | 2002-09-25 | 2004-10-26 | Continental Cement Company, Llc | Integrated pyrolysis systems and methods |
| DE202005019846U1 (en) * | 2005-12-16 | 2006-02-23 | Inora Ag | Apparatus for the energetic utilization of solid waste |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3310534A1 (en) * | 1983-03-23 | 1984-10-04 | C. Deilmann AG, 4444 Bad Bentheim | DEVICE FOR RECOVERING ENERGY FROM PYROLIZABLE, CARBONATED WASTE MATERIALS, ALTERNATING COMPOSITION |
| DE3626106A1 (en) * | 1986-08-01 | 1988-02-11 | Babcock Anlagen Ag | DEVICE FOR PYROLYSIS OF WASTE |
| DE4102255A1 (en) * | 1990-02-08 | 1991-08-14 | K & K Ofenbau Gmbh | Incineration of special waste material - by two=stage burning with first stage carried out in special incinerator |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3633212A1 (en) * | 1986-09-30 | 1988-04-14 | Kwu Umwelttechnik Gmbh | PYROLYSIS SYSTEM |
| DE3708220A1 (en) * | 1987-03-13 | 1988-09-22 | Krupp Polysius Ag | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR EXPLOITING THE HEATING ENERGY OF HOUSE AND COMMERCIAL PUMP |
| DE3811820A1 (en) * | 1987-08-03 | 1989-02-16 | Siemens Ag | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR THERMAL WASTE DISPOSAL |
| DE3730729A1 (en) * | 1987-09-12 | 1989-03-30 | Gutehoffnungshuette Man | Plant for the smoldering of waste and contaminated substances |
| KR900700824A (en) * | 1988-03-18 | 1990-08-17 | 원본미기재 | Method and apparatus for stripping volatile organic compounds from solid materials |
| US5123364A (en) * | 1989-11-08 | 1992-06-23 | American Combustion, Inc. | Method and apparatus for co-processing hazardous wastes |
| CZ43993A3 (en) * | 1992-03-25 | 1994-02-16 | Ormat Ind Ltd | Process for producing heating gas from a low-grade solid fuel, and apparatus for making the same |
-
1994
- 1994-06-10 DE DE4420420A patent/DE4420420A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1995
- 1995-05-29 DK DK95108189T patent/DK0686809T3/en active
- 1995-05-29 ES ES95108189T patent/ES2111354T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-29 DE DE59501252T patent/DE59501252D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-05-29 AT AT95108189T patent/ATE162291T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-05-29 EP EP95108189A patent/EP0686809B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-02 US US08/458,489 patent/US5724900A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3310534A1 (en) * | 1983-03-23 | 1984-10-04 | C. Deilmann AG, 4444 Bad Bentheim | DEVICE FOR RECOVERING ENERGY FROM PYROLIZABLE, CARBONATED WASTE MATERIALS, ALTERNATING COMPOSITION |
| DE3626106A1 (en) * | 1986-08-01 | 1988-02-11 | Babcock Anlagen Ag | DEVICE FOR PYROLYSIS OF WASTE |
| DE4102255A1 (en) * | 1990-02-08 | 1991-08-14 | K & K Ofenbau Gmbh | Incineration of special waste material - by two=stage burning with first stage carried out in special incinerator |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0908674A1 (en) * | 1997-10-13 | 1999-04-14 | Asea Brown Boveri AG | Process for the combustion of refuse in an incinerator and for processing the residues from the incineration |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE59501252D1 (en) | 1998-02-19 |
| US5724900A (en) | 1998-03-10 |
| DE4420420A1 (en) | 1995-12-14 |
| EP0686809B1 (en) | 1998-01-14 |
| ATE162291T1 (en) | 1998-01-15 |
| DK0686809T3 (en) | 1998-09-14 |
| ES2111354T3 (en) | 1998-03-01 |
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