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EP0647697B1 - Process and plant for treating refuse - Google Patents

Process and plant for treating refuse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0647697B1
EP0647697B1 EP94114211A EP94114211A EP0647697B1 EP 0647697 B1 EP0647697 B1 EP 0647697B1 EP 94114211 A EP94114211 A EP 94114211A EP 94114211 A EP94114211 A EP 94114211A EP 0647697 B1 EP0647697 B1 EP 0647697B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
refuse
mineral
heated
mixture
mixer
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP94114211A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0647697A1 (en
Inventor
Hans Klausmann
Ralf Klausmann
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Individual
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Priority claimed from DE4422428A external-priority patent/DE4422428A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
    • C10B49/16—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with moving solid heat-carriers in divided form
    • C10B49/18—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with moving solid heat-carriers in divided form according to the "moving bed" type
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S241/00—Solid material comminution or disintegration
    • Y10S241/38—Solid waste disposal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a system for Processing waste, whereby the waste is crushed and dried as well as with a temperature of up to 1,000 ° C heated minerals mixed and the mixture is homogenized.
  • the object of the invention is the garbage, in particular household waste, so spread out that with little investment and environmentally friendly recyclable substances be preserved.
  • garbage is household garbage
  • at one Household waste is dried at a temperature of over 100 ° C and mixed the heated minerals in a 1: 1 ratio and the mixture is homogenized until the household waste has shrunk to a smaller volume.
  • the garbage preferably to a grain size of up to 50 mm be made smaller.
  • minerals come mainly Sand or the like in question.
  • metal granules can also be used after the reprocessing process for reuse, e.g. B. by magnetic separation, be separated.
  • Garbage and depending on the intended use up to 1000 ° C, preferably minerals heated to 250 to 800 ° C mixed, with a mixing ratio of 1: 1 is preferred, and then with the exclusion of air held, then combustion of the garbage is suppressed.
  • the garbage degasses and shrinks, which Measure of shrinkage by adjusting the time while which the mixture is kept in the absence of air can be. Unlike with conventional waste incineration does not have to with an open flame and with it associated high flue gas development to be worked.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for Production of humus mixtures, especially as filling or fertilizer suitable for gardening or agriculture. This is because no further explanation is required Household waste, which experience has shown that approx. 60% organic components exhibits, particularly valuable.
  • Household waste which experience has shown that approx. 60% organic components exhibits, particularly valuable.
  • the minerals to up to 500 ° C. be preheated. They remain in this temperature range get organic substances so far that they are a valuable humus mixture result. Doing the mix Additives, especially lime or the like for improvement be added to the quality of the humus.
  • the invention provides that the minerals up to Can be preheated to 1000 ° C. In this case, the organic Substances degraded to the extent that in this way processed garbage as a building material for the various purposes can be used.
  • a system for performing the described method is marked with a waste shredder a downstream drying drum and one of these downstream garbage silo, by a mineral heater with a downstream mineral silo and through a dosing scale connected to the two silos, the a mixer is connected downstream from which the mixture in reaches a thermoreactor, preferably the dosing scale, the mixer and the thermoreactor in the absence of air stand. It suffices the latter aggregates keep out of the air because of the heated minerals and the dried garbage only in the area of the dosing scale be brought together.
  • the drying drum for garbage is preferably for indirect Heating designed according to the double jacket system.
  • a post-combustion device for off is advantageous the drying drum and / or the garbage bin and / or the Exhaust gases removed from the thermoreactor, so that the drying drum with the combustion exhaust gases from the afterburning device can be heated. It goes without saying that combustion gases, which are not for heating the drying drum be used, be dusted off before they fireplace can be fed.
  • the mineral fuel heater is useful as a direct heated Drying drum trained. So that the mineral fuel heater leaving exhaust gases do not pollute the environment, should the mineral fuel heater on the exhaust side Dedusting device downstream, the Solids accumulating in the dedusting device be fed to the mineral silo.
  • a mixer can be installed downstream of the thermoreactor in which additives are added to the finished mixture for example lime or the like if the Mixture for the production of humus mixtures, in particular as filler or fertilizer for gardening or agriculture is used, or cement if the mixture is used for the production of building materials.
  • the garbage 2 stored in a covered hall 1 is included transferred a wheel loader 3 in a waste shredder 4, where he crushed to a grain size of, for example, 0/50 mm becomes.
  • the shredded garbage is closed over a Pass belt system 5 to a bucket elevator 6 and enters a drying drum 7, in which it is at a temperature of is dried over 100 ° C.
  • the drying drum 7 is for indirect heating designed according to the double jacket system. That will be explained later.
  • the drying drum 7 becomes the dried garbage with the help of another bucket elevator 8 transferred to a garbage bin 9.
  • Sand 11 stored in a free warehouse or hall 10 is loaded into doses 13 using a wheel loader 12 and arrives from there via a belt 14 into a rotary kiln 15.
  • the sand is brought to a temperature in the rotary kiln 15 heated up to 1000 ° C, the temperature adjustable is, preferably to values of 250 to 800 ° C.
  • the heated sand is transferred via a bucket elevator 16 into a mineral silo 17 promoted.
  • the rotary kiln 15 is heated directly with a burner 18, supplied to the fuel from a fuel tank 19 becomes.
  • the exhaust gases from the rotary kiln 15 are in a pre-separator 20 and in a downstream filter dedusting 21 freed from entrained solids and these solids are fed to the bucket elevator 16.
  • the cleaned exhaust gases are fed to a chimney 23.
  • a dosing scale 24 Located under the garbage silo 9 and the mineral silo 17 a dosing scale 24, with which the heated sand the mineral silo 17 and the dried garbage from the Garbage silo 9 with specified quantity ratios, preferably weighed 1: 1. From the dosing scale 24 the components removed from the silos go into one Mixer 25, in which they are mixed intensively. Of the Mixer 25 transfers the mixture to a bucket conveyor 26 which is movable over a thermoreactor 27 and the mixture distributed in the thermoreactor 27. The dosing scale 24, the mixer 25, the bucket conveyor 26 and the thermoreactor 27 are sealed off from the air, so that the waste is degassed, but without combustion to a much lower one Volume is shrinking.
  • the mixture prepared in this way becomes from the thermoreactor 27 withdrawn with a conveyor 28 and another mixer 29 passed, the mixer 29 being assigned simultaneously Silos 30 additives are supplied.
  • Both Additives can be lime or the like, if the prepared mixture as filler or fertilizer used for gardening or agriculture but it can also be cement, when the prepared mixture is processed into a building material shall be.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for treating refuse, in particular domestic refuse, which is comminuted and mixed dry with mineral substances heated to a temperature of up to 1000 DEG C, the mixture being homogenised until the refuse has shrunk to a lower desired volume. The invention also relates to a plant for carrying out the process.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Anlage zur Aufbereitung von Müll, wobei der Müll zerkleinert und getrocknet wird sowie mit auf eine Temperatur von bis zu 1.000°C erhitzten Mineralstoffen gemischt und die Mischung homogenisiert wird.The invention relates to a method and a system for Processing waste, whereby the waste is crushed and dried as well as with a temperature of up to 1,000 ° C heated minerals mixed and the mixture is homogenized.

Müll, insbesondere Hausmüll, wird zu einem großen Teil in Müllverbrennungsanlagen entsorgt. Diese Art der Entsorgung hat eine Reihe von Nachteilen. Zunächst ist der Investitionsaufwand zur Herstellung von Müllverbrennungsanlagen außerordentlich hoch. Darüberhinaus ist die Müllverbrennung auch unter dem Gesichtspunkt der Umweltverschmutzung echt kritisch, es sei denn, daß - ebenfalls mit hohem Investitionsaufwand - entsprechende Schutzmaßnahmen getroffen werden. Ein weiterer Nachteil der Müllverbrennung ist die Tatsache, daß keine anderweitig sinnvoll verwertbaren Stoffe erhalten werden. Aus der DE 38 19 699 C1 ist ein Verfahren zur Pyrolisierung von Kunststoffen, Teilen organischen Sondermülls etc. im modifizierten Sandkoker bekannt. Das Verfahren soll sich auch zur Pyrolyse von organischem Sondermüll eignen, wobei unter organischem Sondermüll Chorkohlenwasserstoffgemische aus der Pflanzenschutzmittelproduktion und ähnliche Stoffe verstanden werden. Dieser Sondermüll wird hierzu zerkleinert und getrocknet sowie mit auf eine Temperatur von 400° - 700°C bzw. 600°-800°C erhitzten Mineralstoffen gemischt und unter Luftababschluß homogenisiert.Garbage, especially household waste, is largely in Waste incineration plants disposed of. This type of disposal has a number of disadvantages. First is the investment for the manufacture of waste incineration plants extremely high. In addition, there is waste incineration also from the point of view of pollution really critical, unless that - also with a high investment - Take appropriate protective measures become. Another disadvantage of waste incineration is that The fact that no other usable useful Fabrics are obtained. From DE 38 19 699 C1 is a Process for pyrolizing plastics, parts organic Special waste etc. known in the modified sand coker. The process is also intended for the pyrolysis of organic Suitable for hazardous waste, taking organic hazardous waste Chlorinated hydrocarbon mixtures from crop protection product production and similar substances can be understood. This special waste is crushed and dried as well as to a temperature of 400 ° - 700 ° C or 600 ° -800 ° C heated minerals mixed and with the exclusion of air homogenized.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, den Müll, insbesondere Hausmüll, so aufzubreiten, daß daraus mit geringem Investitionsaufwand und umweltschonend wiederverwertbare Substanzen erhalten werden.The object of the invention is the garbage, in particular household waste, so spread out that with little investment and environmentally friendly recyclable substances be preserved.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst mit einem Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Müll, wobei der Müll Hausmüll ist, bei einer Temperatur von über 100°C getrocknet wird, der Hausmüll und die erhitzten Mineralstoffe im Verhältnis 1:1 gemischt werden und die Mischung homogenisiert wird, bis der Hausmüll auf ein geringeres Volumen geschrumpft ist. Dabei soll der Müll vorzugsweise auf eine Körnung von bis zu 50 mm verkleinert werden. Als Mineralstoffe kommen hauptsächlich Sand oder dergleichen in Frage. Es können aber auch Metallgranulate verwendet werden, die nach dem Aufbereitungsprozeß zur erneuten Verwendung, z. B. durch Magnetabscheidung, abgetrennt werden.This problem is solved with a preparation process of garbage, where the garbage is household garbage, at one Household waste is dried at a temperature of over 100 ° C and mixed the heated minerals in a 1: 1 ratio and the mixture is homogenized until the household waste has shrunk to a smaller volume. In doing so the garbage preferably to a grain size of up to 50 mm be made smaller. As minerals come mainly Sand or the like in question. But metal granules can also be used used after the reprocessing process for reuse, e.g. B. by magnetic separation, be separated.

Werden der getrocknete, kalt oder mit Trocknungstemperatur, Müll und die je nach Verwendungszweck auf bis zu 1000 °C, vorzugsweise auf 250 bis 800 °C erhitzten Mineralstoffe gemischt, wobei ein Mischungsverhältnis von 1 : 1 bevorzugt wird, und anschließend unter Luftabschluß gehalten, dann wird eine Verbrennung des Mülls unterdrückt. Der Müll entgast und schrumpft dabei, wobei das Maß der Schrumpfung durch Einstellung der Zeit, während der die Mischung unter Luftabschluß gehalten wird, eingestellt werden kann. Anders als bei üblicher Müllverbrennung muß nicht mit einer offenen Flamme und der damit verbundenen hohen Rauchgasentwicklung gearbeitet werden.If the dried, cold or drying temperature, Garbage and depending on the intended use up to 1000 ° C, preferably minerals heated to 250 to 800 ° C mixed, with a mixing ratio of 1: 1 is preferred, and then with the exclusion of air held, then combustion of the garbage is suppressed. The garbage degasses and shrinks, which Measure of shrinkage by adjusting the time while which the mixture is kept in the absence of air can be. Unlike with conventional waste incineration does not have to with an open flame and with it associated high flue gas development to be worked.

In besonderem Maße ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung von Humusgemischen, insbesondere als Füll- oder Düngematerial für die Garten- oder Landwirtschaft geeignet. Wie keiner näheren Erläuterung bedarf, ist hierfür Hausmüll, der erfahrungsgemäß ca. 60% organische Bestandteile aufweist, besonders wertvoll. Erfindungsgemäß ist dabei vorgesehen, daß die Mineralstoffe auf bis zu 500 °C vorgeheizt werden. In diesem Temperaturbereich bleiben die organischen Substanzen noch soweit erhalten, daß sie ein wertvolles Humusgemisch ergeben. Dabei können der Mischung Zusätze, insbesondere Kalk oder dergleichen zur Verbesserung der Qualität des Humus beigegeben werden.The method according to the invention is particularly suitable for Production of humus mixtures, especially as filling or fertilizer suitable for gardening or agriculture. This is because no further explanation is required Household waste, which experience has shown that approx. 60% organic components exhibits, particularly valuable. According to the invention provided that the minerals to up to 500 ° C. be preheated. They remain in this temperature range get organic substances so far that they are a valuable humus mixture result. Doing the mix Additives, especially lime or the like for improvement be added to the quality of the humus.

Soll der aufbereitete Müll als Baustoff verwendet werden, sieht die Erfindung vor, daß die Mineralstoffe auf bis zu 1000 °C vorgeheizt werden. In diesem Fall werden die organischen Substanzen soweit abgebaut, daß der in dieser Weise aufbereitete Müll ohne weiteres als Baustoff für die verschiedensten Zwecke eingesetzt werden kann.If the processed waste is to be used as a building material, The invention provides that the minerals up to Can be preheated to 1000 ° C. In this case, the organic Substances degraded to the extent that in this way processed garbage as a building material for the various purposes can be used.

Eine Anlage zur Durchführung des beschriebenen Verfahrens ist gekennzeichnet durch einen Müllschredder mit einer nachgeschalteten Trockentrommel und einem dieser nachgeschalteten Müllsilo, durch einen Mineralstofferhitzer mit einem nachgeschalteten Mineralstoffsilo und durch eine an die beiden Silos angeschlossene Dosierwaage, der ein Mischer nachgeschaltet ist, aus dem die Mischung in einen Thermoreaktor gelangt, wobei vorzugsweise die Dosierwaage, der Mischer und der Thermoreaktor unter Luftabschluß stehen. Es genügt, die letztgenannten Aggregate unter Luftabschluß zu halten, weil die erhitzten Mineralstoffe und der getrocknete Müll erst im Bereich der Dosierwaage zusammengeführt werden.A system for performing the described method is marked with a waste shredder a downstream drying drum and one of these downstream garbage silo, by a mineral heater with a downstream mineral silo and through a dosing scale connected to the two silos, the a mixer is connected downstream from which the mixture in reaches a thermoreactor, preferably the dosing scale, the mixer and the thermoreactor in the absence of air stand. It suffices the latter aggregates keep out of the air because of the heated minerals and the dried garbage only in the area of the dosing scale be brought together.

Die Trockentrommel für den Müll ist vorzugsweise für indirekte Beheizung nach dem Doppelmantelsystem ausgelegt. Vorteilhaft ist eine Nachverbrennungseinrichtung für aus der Trockentrommel und/oder dem Müllsilo und/oder dem Thermoreaktor abgezogene Abgase, so daß die Trockentrommel mit den Verbrennungsabgasen aus der Nachverbrennungseinrichtung beheizbar sein kann. Es versteht sich, daß Verbrennungsabgase, die nicht zur Beheizung der Trockentrommel eingesetzt werden, entstaubt werden, bevor sie einem Kamin zugeführt werden.The drying drum for garbage is preferably for indirect Heating designed according to the double jacket system. A post-combustion device for off is advantageous the drying drum and / or the garbage bin and / or the Exhaust gases removed from the thermoreactor, so that the drying drum with the combustion exhaust gases from the afterburning device can be heated. It goes without saying that combustion gases, which are not for heating the drying drum be used, be dusted off before they Fireplace can be fed.

Der Mineralstofferhitzer ist zweckmäßig als direktbeheitzte Trockentrommel ausgebildet. Damit die den Mineralstofferhitzer verlassenden Abgase die Umwelt nicht belasten, sollte dem Mineralstofferhitzer abgasseitig eine Entstaubungseinrichtung nachgeschaltet sein, wobei die in der Entstaubungseinrichtung anfallenden Feststoffe dem Mineralstoffsilo zugeführt werden.The mineral fuel heater is useful as a direct heated Drying drum trained. So that the mineral fuel heater leaving exhaust gases do not pollute the environment, should the mineral fuel heater on the exhaust side Dedusting device downstream, the Solids accumulating in the dedusting device be fed to the mineral silo.

Schließlich kann dem Thermoreaktor ein Mischer nachgeschaltet sein, in dem der fertigen Mischung Zusätze beigefügt werden, zum Beispiel Kalk oder dergleichen, wenn die Mischung zur Herstellung von Humusgemischen, insbesondere als Füll- oder Düngematerial für die Garten- oder Landwirtschaft eingesetzt wird, oder Zement, wenn die Mischung zur Herstellung von Baustoffen eingesetzt wird.Finally, a mixer can be installed downstream of the thermoreactor in which additives are added to the finished mixture for example lime or the like if the Mixture for the production of humus mixtures, in particular as filler or fertilizer for gardening or agriculture is used, or cement if the mixture is used for the production of building materials.

Im folgenden wird ein in der Zeichnung dargestelltes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung erläutert; die einzige Figur zeigt schematisch eine Anlage zur Aufbereitung von Müll. The following is an embodiment shown in the drawing explained the invention; the only figure shows schematically a plant for the preparation of Rubbish.

Der in einer überdachten Halle 1 lagernde Müll 2 wird mit einem Radlader 3 in einen Müllschredder 4 überführt, wo er auf eine Korngröße von zum Beispiel 0/50 mm zerkleinert wird. Der zerkleinerte Müll wird über ein geschlossenes Bandsystem 5 einem Becherwerk 6 übergeben und gelangt in eine Trockentrommel 7, in der er bei einer Temperatur von über 100 °C getrocknet wird. Die Trockentrommel 7 ist für indirekte Beheizung nach dem Doppelmantelsystem ausgelegt. Das wird später erläutert. Aus der Trockentrommel 7 wird der getrocknete Müll mit Hilfe eines weiteren Becherwerkes 8 in einen Müllsilo 9 überführt.The garbage 2 stored in a covered hall 1 is included transferred a wheel loader 3 in a waste shredder 4, where he crushed to a grain size of, for example, 0/50 mm becomes. The shredded garbage is closed over a Pass belt system 5 to a bucket elevator 6 and enters a drying drum 7, in which it is at a temperature of is dried over 100 ° C. The drying drum 7 is for indirect heating designed according to the double jacket system. That will be explained later. The drying drum 7 becomes the dried garbage with the help of another bucket elevator 8 transferred to a garbage bin 9.

In einem Freilager oder einer Halle 10 lagernder Sand 11 wird mit Hilfe eines Radladers 12 in Doseure 13 verladen und gelangt von dort über ein Band 14 in einen Drehrohrofen 15. Im Drehrohrofen 15 wird der Sand auf eine Temperatur von bis zu 1000 °C erhitzt, wobei die Temperatur einstellbar ist, vorzugsweise auf Werte von 250 bis 800 °C. Der erhitzte Sand wird über ein Becherwerk 16 in einen Mineralstoffsilo 17 gefördert.Sand 11 stored in a free warehouse or hall 10 is loaded into doses 13 using a wheel loader 12 and arrives from there via a belt 14 into a rotary kiln 15. The sand is brought to a temperature in the rotary kiln 15 heated up to 1000 ° C, the temperature adjustable is, preferably to values of 250 to 800 ° C. The heated sand is transferred via a bucket elevator 16 into a mineral silo 17 promoted.

Der Drehrohrofen 15 wird direkt mit einem Brenner 18 beheizt, dem Brennstoff aus einem Brennstoffbehälter 19 zugeführt wird. Die Abgase aus dem Drehrohrofen 15 werden in einem Vorabscheider 20 und in einer nachgeschalteten Filterentstaubung 21 von mitgeführten Feststoffen befreit und diese Feststoffe werden dem Becherwerk 16 aufgegeben. Das ist durch Pfeile 22 angedeutet. Die gereinigten Abgase werden einem Kamin 23 zugeführt.The rotary kiln 15 is heated directly with a burner 18, supplied to the fuel from a fuel tank 19 becomes. The exhaust gases from the rotary kiln 15 are in a pre-separator 20 and in a downstream filter dedusting 21 freed from entrained solids and these solids are fed to the bucket elevator 16. The is indicated by arrows 22. The cleaned exhaust gases are fed to a chimney 23.

Unter dem Müllsilo 9 und dem Mineralstoffsilo 17 befindet sich eine Dosierwaage 24, mit der der erhitzte Sand aus dem Mineralstoffsilo 17 und der getrocknete Müll aus dem Müllsilo 9 unter Vorgabe bestimmter Mengenverhältnisse, vorzugsweise 1:1, abgewogen werden. Aus der Dosierwaage 24 gelangen die aus den Silos abgezogenen Bestandteile in einen Mischer 25, in dem sie intensiv gemischt werden. Der Mischer 25 übergibt die Mischung einer Kübelbahn 26, die über einen Thermoreaktor 27 verfahrbar ist und die Mischung im Thermoreaktor 27 verteilt. Die Dosierwaage 24, der Mischer 25, die Kübelbahn 26 und der Thermoreaktor 27 stehen unter Luftabschluß, so daß der Müll unter Entgasung, jedoch ohne Verbrennung auf ein wesentlich geringeres Volumen schrumpft.Located under the garbage silo 9 and the mineral silo 17 a dosing scale 24, with which the heated sand the mineral silo 17 and the dried garbage from the Garbage silo 9 with specified quantity ratios, preferably weighed 1: 1. From the dosing scale 24 the components removed from the silos go into one Mixer 25, in which they are mixed intensively. Of the Mixer 25 transfers the mixture to a bucket conveyor 26 which is movable over a thermoreactor 27 and the mixture distributed in the thermoreactor 27. The dosing scale 24, the mixer 25, the bucket conveyor 26 and the thermoreactor 27 are sealed off from the air, so that the waste is degassed, but without combustion to a much lower one Volume is shrinking.

Aus dem Thermoreaktor 27 wird die so aufbereitete Mischung mit einem Förderer 28 abgezogen und einem weiteren Mischer 29 übergeben, wobei dem Mischer 29 gleichzeitig aus zugeordneten Silos 30 Zusatzstoffe zugeführt werden. Bei den Zusatzstoffen kann es sich um Kalk oder dergleichen handeln, wenn die aufbereitete Mischung als Füll- oder Düngematerial für die Garten- oder Landwirtschaft eingesetzt werden soll, es kann sich aber auch um Zement handeln, wenn die aufbereitete Mischung zu einem Baustoff weiterverarbeitet werden soll. An den Mischer 29 schließt eine Transporteinrichtung 31 an, die zu der nichtdargestellten Weiterverarbeitung führt.The mixture prepared in this way becomes from the thermoreactor 27 withdrawn with a conveyor 28 and another mixer 29 passed, the mixer 29 being assigned simultaneously Silos 30 additives are supplied. Both Additives can be lime or the like, if the prepared mixture as filler or fertilizer used for gardening or agriculture but it can also be cement, when the prepared mixture is processed into a building material shall be. One connects to the mixer 29 Transport device 31 to the not shown Further processing leads.

In der Trockentrommel 7, im Müllsilo 9 und im Thermoreaktor 27 anfallende Abgase werden abgezogen und einer Nachverbrennungseinrichtung 32 zugeführt, die mit einem Brenner 33 beheizt wird, der seinen Brennstoff aus dem Brennstoffbehälter 19 erhält. Die Verbrennungsabgase aus der Nachverbrennungseinrichtung werden teilweise der Trockentrommel 7 zur Beheizung zugeführt. Die restlichen Verbrennungsabgase aus der Nachverbrennungseinrichtung 32 werden über einen Kühler 34 und einen Filter 35 einem Kamin 36 zugeführt.In the drying drum 7, in the waste silo 9 and in the thermoreactor 27 resulting exhaust gases are extracted and an afterburning device 32 supplied with a burner 33 is heated, its fuel from the fuel tank 19 receives. The combustion gases from the Afterburners are partially the drying drum 7 fed for heating. The remaining combustion gases from the afterburning device 32 a chimney 36 via a cooler 34 and a filter 35 fed.

Claims (14)

  1. Method of treating refuse, the refuse being comminuted and dried, as well as being mixed with mineral substances heated to a temperature of up to 1000° C, and the mixture being homogenised with the exclusion of air, characterised in that the refuse is household refuse and dried at a temperature of more than 100° C, and in that the household refuse and the heated mineral substances are mixed in the ratio 1:1, and the mixture is homogenised until the household refuse has shrunk to a smaller volume.
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the refuse is comminuted to a particle size of up to 50 mm.
  3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that sand is employed as the mineral substance.
  4. Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that metal granules are employed as the mineral substances and are separated-out after the treatment process for re-use.
  5. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the mineral substances are heated to a temperature of between 250° C and 800° C.
  6. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that additions, more especially lime or cement, are added to the mixture.
  7. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6 for producing humus mixtures, more especially for used as filler or fertiliser material for horticultural or agricultural purposes, characterised in that the mineral substances are preheated up to 500° C.
  8. System for accomplishing the method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised by a refuse shredder (4) with a subsequently added drying drum (7) and a refuse silo (9) connected downstream of said drum, by a mineral substance heater (15) with a subsequently added mineral substance silo (17), and by a proportioning weigher (24), which communicates with the two silos (9, 17) and has a mixer (25) connected downstream thereof, the mixture passing from said mixer into a thermal reactor (27).
  9. System according to claim 8, characterised in that the proportioning weigher (24), the mixer (25) and the thermal reactor (27) are hermetically sealed.
  10. System according to claim 8 or 9, characterised in that the drying drum (7) for drying the refuse is designed for indirect heating according to the double-casing system.
  11. System according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterised in that an afterburning means (32) is provided for waste gases which have been removed from the drying drum (7) and/or from the refuse silo (9) and/or from the thermal reactor (27), and in that the drying drum (7) is heated with the waste combustion gases from the afterburning means (32).
  12. System according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterised in that the mineral substance heater is configured as a directly heated rotary cylindrical furnace (15).
  13. System according to claim 12, characterised in that a dust extractor (20, 21) is connected downstream of the mineral substance heater (15) at the waste gas end, and in that the solid substances, which accumulate in the dust extractor (20, 21), are supplied to the mineral substance silo (17).
  14. System according to one of claims 9 to 13, characterised in that a mixer (29) is connected downstream of the thermal reactor (27).
EP94114211A 1993-10-09 1994-09-09 Process and plant for treating refuse Expired - Lifetime EP0647697B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4334538 1993-10-09
DE4334538 1993-10-09
DE4422428A DE4422428A1 (en) 1993-10-09 1994-06-28 Process and plant for processing waste
DE4422428 1994-06-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0647697A1 EP0647697A1 (en) 1995-04-12
EP0647697B1 true EP0647697B1 (en) 1999-05-19

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94114211A Expired - Lifetime EP0647697B1 (en) 1993-10-09 1994-09-09 Process and plant for treating refuse

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US5456024A (en)
EP (1) EP0647697B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH08112579A (en)
AT (1) ATE180271T1 (en)
ES (1) ES2133455T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19602399C2 (en) * 1996-01-24 2000-08-24 Basf Coatings Ag Feeder and process for incinerating industrial waste
DE19622591A1 (en) * 1996-06-05 1997-12-11 Heidelberger Zement Ag Process for the material and thermal use of water, minerals and flammable residues for the production of Portland cement clinker
KR200254366Y1 (en) * 2001-08-23 2001-11-24 장영광 Sweeping a dry apparatus
CN110180868A (en) * 2019-06-19 2019-08-30 云南中贸环境节能科技投资股份有限公司 A kind of villages and small towns house refuse high-efficiency cleaning innocent comprehensive approach method
CN112222152B (en) * 2020-09-23 2021-09-07 井冈山大学 A kind of organic waste automatic drying carbonization and crushing device and its use method

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1101129A (en) * 1910-03-01 1914-06-23 Joseph Moses Ward Kitchen Art of utilizing garbage.
US4077847A (en) * 1975-08-11 1978-03-07 Occidental Petroleum Corporation Solid waste disposal system
DE3347554C2 (en) * 1983-05-18 1986-08-07 Pka Pyrolyse Kraftanlagen Gmbh, 7080 Aalen Process for obtaining usable gas from waste by pyrolysis and apparatus for carrying out the process
RO100005A2 (en) * 1987-11-17 1990-10-30 Cornelia Vasile Toxicity reduction method for pyrolysis products
DE3819699C1 (en) * 1988-06-09 1989-08-24 Artur Richard 6000 Frankfurt De Greul Process for pyrolysing plastics, components of organic hazardous waste and the like in modified sand coker, and equipment for carrying out the process
US5024770A (en) * 1988-07-15 1991-06-18 American Materials Recycling Inc. Waste separating, processing and recycling system
US5184780A (en) * 1988-07-18 1993-02-09 First Dominion Holdings, Inc. Solid waste disposal
JP2960554B2 (en) * 1990-12-27 1999-10-06 株式会社オーケー企画研究所 Garbage disposal vehicle
DE4309283A1 (en) * 1993-03-23 1994-09-29 Wm Umwelttechnik Gmbh Apparatus for processing waste

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0647697A1 (en) 1995-04-12
ES2133455T3 (en) 1999-09-16
JPH08112579A (en) 1996-05-07
US5456024A (en) 1995-10-10
ATE180271T1 (en) 1999-06-15

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