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EP0647697A1 - Process and plant for treating refuse - Google Patents

Process and plant for treating refuse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0647697A1
EP0647697A1 EP94114211A EP94114211A EP0647697A1 EP 0647697 A1 EP0647697 A1 EP 0647697A1 EP 94114211 A EP94114211 A EP 94114211A EP 94114211 A EP94114211 A EP 94114211A EP 0647697 A1 EP0647697 A1 EP 0647697A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waste
mineral
mixture
silo
thermoreactor
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Granted
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EP94114211A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0647697B1 (en
Inventor
Hans Klausmann
Ralf Klausmann
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Individual
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Priority claimed from DE4422428A external-priority patent/DE4422428A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
    • C10B49/16—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with moving solid heat-carriers in divided form
    • C10B49/18—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with moving solid heat-carriers in divided form according to the "moving bed" type
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S241/00—Solid material comminution or disintegration
    • Y10S241/38—Solid waste disposal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a system for processing waste, in particular household waste.
  • the object of the invention is to spread the garbage, in particular household garbage, in such a way that recyclable substances are obtained therefrom with little investment and in an environmentally friendly manner.
  • This task is solved with a process for the treatment of waste, in particular household waste, which crushes and dry mixed with minerals heated to a temperature of up to 1000 ° C, the mixture being homogenized until the waste has shrunk to a desired, lower volume.
  • the garbage should preferably be reduced to a grain size of 0 to 50 mm.
  • the garbage should be dried at temperatures above 100 ° C.
  • Sand or the like are mainly considered as minerals.
  • metal granules can also be used, which can be reused, e.g. B. by magnetic separation.
  • garbage and the minerals heated up to 1000 ° C, preferably to 250 to 800 ° C, depending on the intended use, a mixing ratio of 1: 1 being preferred, and then kept in the absence of air, then combustion of the garbage is suppressed.
  • the process according to the invention is particularly suitable for the production of humus mixtures, in particular as a filling or fertilizing material for gardening or agriculture.
  • chewing waste which experience has shown to have around 60% organic constituents, is particularly valuable for this.
  • the minerals are preheated to up to 500 ° C. In this temperature range, the organic substances remain so far that they are valuable humus mixture result.
  • Additives, in particular lime or the like, can be added to the mixture to improve the quality of the humus.
  • the invention provides that the minerals are preheated to up to 1000 ° C. In this case, the organic substances are broken down to such an extent that the garbage processed in this way can easily be used as a building material for a wide variety of purposes.
  • a device for carrying out the described method is characterized by a waste shredder with a downstream drying drum and a waste silo connected downstream, by a mineral material heater with a subsequent mineral silo and by a metering scale connected to the two silos, which is followed by a mixer from which the mixture is fed reaches a thermoreactor, the dosing scales, the mixer and the thermoreactor preferably being sealed off from the air. It is sufficient to keep the latter units sealed off from the air, because the heated minerals and the dried garbage are only brought together in the area of the weigh feeder.
  • the drying drum for waste is preferably designed for indirect heating using the double jacket system.
  • a post-combustion device is advantageous for exhaust gases drawn off from the drying drum and / or the refuse silo and / or the thermoreactor, so that the drying drum can be heated with the combustion exhaust gases from the post-combustion device. It goes without saying that combustion exhaust gases which are not used for heating the drying drum are dedusted before they are released fireplace can be fed.
  • the mineral fuel heater is expediently designed as a directly heated drying drum. So that the exhaust gases leaving the mineral material heater do not pollute the environment, a dedusting device should be connected downstream of the mineral material heater on the exhaust gas side, the solids occurring in the dedusting device being fed to the mineral material silo.
  • thermoreactor can be followed by a mixer, in which additives are added to the finished mixture, for example lime or the like, if the mixture is used to produce humus mixtures, in particular as a filler or fertilizer for gardening or agriculture, or cement, if the mixture is used to manufacture building materials.
  • additives for example lime or the like, if the mixture is used to produce humus mixtures, in particular as a filler or fertilizer for gardening or agriculture, or cement, if the mixture is used to manufacture building materials.
  • the waste 2 stored in a covered hall 1 is transferred with a wheel loader 3 into a waste shredder 4, where it is reduced to a grain size of, for example, 0/50 mm.
  • the shredded waste is transferred to a bucket elevator 6 via a closed belt system 5 and reaches a drying drum 7, in which it is dried at a temperature of over 100 ° C.
  • the drying drum 7 is designed for indirect heating according to the double jacket system. That will be explained later.
  • the dried garbage is transferred from the drying drum 7 into a garbage silo 9 with the aid of a further bucket elevator 8.
  • Sand 11 stored in an open-air warehouse or hall 10 is loaded with a wheel loader 12 into doses 13 and from there via belt 14 into a rotary kiln 15.
  • the sand is heated to a temperature of up to 1000 ° C. the temperature being adjustable, preferably to values from 250 to 800 ° C.
  • the heated sand is conveyed via a bucket elevator 16 into a mineral silo 17.
  • the rotary kiln 15 is heated directly by a burner 18 to which fuel is supplied from a fuel tank 19.
  • the exhaust gases from the rotary kiln 15 are freed of entrained solids in a pre-separator 20 and in a downstream filter dedusting device 21 and these solids are fed to the bucket elevator 16. This is indicated by arrows 22.
  • the cleaned exhaust gases are fed to a chimney 23.
  • a dosing scale 24 with which the heated sand from the mineral silo 17 and the dried garbage from the garbage silo 9 are weighed out in accordance with certain quantitative ratios, preferably 1: 1.
  • the mixer 25 transfers the mixture to a bucket conveyor 26, which can be moved via a thermoreactor 27 and distributes the mixture in the thermoreactor 27.
  • the weigh feeder 24, the mixer 25, the bucket conveyor 26 and the thermoreactor 27 are sealed off from the air, so that the waste shrinks to a much smaller volume under degassing, but without combustion.
  • the mixture prepared in this way is drawn off from the thermoreactor 27 with a conveyor 28 and transferred to a further mixer 29, additives 30 being simultaneously supplied to the mixer 29 from assigned silos.
  • the additives can be lime or the like if the prepared mixture is to be used as a filler or fertilizer for gardening or agriculture, but it can also be cement if the prepared mixture is to be processed into a building material .
  • a transport device 31 connects to the mixer 29 and leads to the further processing, not shown.
  • exhaust gases are drawn off and fed to an afterburning device 32 which is heated by a burner 33 which receives its fuel from the fuel tank 19.
  • the combustion exhaust gases from the afterburning device are partially fed to the drying drum 7 for heating.
  • the remaining combustion exhaust gases from the afterburning device 32 are fed to a chimney 36 via a cooler 34 and a filter 35.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for treating refuse, in particular domestic refuse, which is comminuted and mixed dry with mineral substances heated to a temperature of up to 1000 DEG C, the mixture being homogenised until the refuse has shrunk to a lower desired volume. The invention also relates to a plant for carrying out the process.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Anlage zur Aufbereitung von Müll, insbesondere Hausmüll.The invention relates to a method and a system for processing waste, in particular household waste.

Müll, insbesondere Kausmüll, wird zu einem großen Teil in Müllverbrennungsanlagen entsorgt. Diese Art der Entsorgung hat eine Reihe von Nachteilen. Zunächst ist der Investitionsaufwand zur Herstellung von Müllverbrennungsanlagen außerordentlich hoch. Darüberhinaus ist die Müllverbrennung auch unter dem Gesichtspunkt der Umweltverschmutzung echt kritisch, es sei denn, daß - ebenfalls mit hohem Investitionsaufwand -entsprechende Schutzmaßnahmen getroffen werden. Ein weiterer Nachteil der Müllverbrennung ist die Tatsache, daß keine anderweitig sinnvoll verwertbaren Stoffe erhalten werden.Garbage, especially chewing waste, is largely disposed of in waste incineration plants. This type of disposal has a number of disadvantages. First of all, the investment required to manufacture waste incineration plants is extremely high. In addition, the incineration of waste is also really critical from the point of view of environmental pollution, unless appropriate protective measures are taken - also with a high investment. Another disadvantage of waste incineration is the fact that no other useful materials can be obtained.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, den Müll, insbesondere Hausmüll, so aufzubreiten, daß daraus mit geringem Investitionsaufwand und umweltschonend wiederverwertbare Substanzen erhalten werden.The object of the invention is to spread the garbage, in particular household garbage, in such a way that recyclable substances are obtained therefrom with little investment and in an environmentally friendly manner.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelost mit einem Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Müll, insbesondere Hausmüll, der zerkleinert und trocken mit auf eine Temperatur von bis zu 1000 °C erhitzten Mineralstoffen gemischt wird, wobei die Mischung homogenisiert wird, bis der Müll auf ein gewünschtes, geringeres Volumen geschrumpft ist. Dabei soll der Müll vorzugsweise auf eine Körnung von 0 bis 50 mm verkleinert werden. Die Trocknung des Mülls sollte bei Temperaturen von über 100 °C erfolgen. Als Mineralstoffe kommen hauptsächlich Sand oder dergleichen in Frage. Es können aber auch Metallgranulate verwendet werden, die nach dem Aufbereitungsprozeß zur erneuten Verwendung, z. B. durch Magnetabscheidung, abgetrennt werden.This task is solved with a process for the treatment of waste, in particular household waste, which crushes and dry mixed with minerals heated to a temperature of up to 1000 ° C, the mixture being homogenized until the waste has shrunk to a desired, lower volume. The garbage should preferably be reduced to a grain size of 0 to 50 mm. The garbage should be dried at temperatures above 100 ° C. Sand or the like are mainly considered as minerals. However, metal granules can also be used, which can be reused, e.g. B. by magnetic separation.

Werden der getrocknete, kalt oder mit Trocknungstemperatur, Müll und die je nach Verwendungszweck auf bis zu 1000 °C, vorzugsweise auf 250 bis 800 °C erhitzten Mineralstoffe gemischt, wobei ein Mischungsverhältnis von 1 : 1 bevorzugt wird, und anschließend unter Luftabschluß gehalten, dann wird eine Verbrennung des Mülls unterdrückt. Der Müll entgast und schrumpft dabei, wobei das Maß der Schrumpfung durch Einstellung der Zeit, während der die Mischung unter Luftabschluß gehalten wird, eingestellt werden kann. Anders als bei üblicher Müllverbrennung muß nicht mit einer offenen Flamme und der damit verbundenen hohen Rauchgasentwicklung gearbeitet werden.If the dried, cold or with drying temperature, garbage and the minerals heated up to 1000 ° C, preferably to 250 to 800 ° C, depending on the intended use, a mixing ratio of 1: 1 being preferred, and then kept in the absence of air, then combustion of the garbage is suppressed. The waste degasses and shrinks in the process, the degree of shrinkage being adjustable by adjusting the time during which the mixture is kept in the absence of air. In contrast to conventional waste incineration, there is no need to work with an open flame and the associated high smoke emissions.

In besonderem Maße ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung von Humusgemischen, insbesondere als Füll- oder Düngematerial für die Garten- oder Landwirtschaft geeignet. Wie keiner näheren Erläuterung bedarf, ist hierfür Kausmüll, der erfahrungsgemäß ca. 60% organische Bestandteile aufweist, besonders wertvoll. Erfindungsgemäß ist dabei vorgesehen, daß die Mineralstoffe auf bis zu 500 °C vorgeheizt werden. In diesem Temperaturbereich bleiben die organischen Substanzen noch soweit erhalten, daß sie ein wertvolles Humusgemisch ergeben. Dabei können der Mischung Zusätze, insbesondere Kalk oder dergleichen zur Verbesserung der Qualität des Humus beigegeben werden.The process according to the invention is particularly suitable for the production of humus mixtures, in particular as a filling or fertilizing material for gardening or agriculture. As no further explanation is required, chewing waste, which experience has shown to have around 60% organic constituents, is particularly valuable for this. It is provided according to the invention that the minerals are preheated to up to 500 ° C. In this temperature range, the organic substances remain so far that they are valuable humus mixture result. Additives, in particular lime or the like, can be added to the mixture to improve the quality of the humus.

Soll der aufbereitete Müll als Baustoff verwendet werden, sieht die Erfindung vor, daß die Mineralstoffe auf bis zu 1000 °C vorgeheizt werden. In diesem Fall werden die organischen Substanzen soweit abgebaut, daß der in dieser Weise aufbereitete Müll ohne weiteres als Baustoff für die verschiedensten Zwecke eingesetzt werden kann.If the processed waste is to be used as a building material, the invention provides that the minerals are preheated to up to 1000 ° C. In this case, the organic substances are broken down to such an extent that the garbage processed in this way can easily be used as a building material for a wide variety of purposes.

Eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des beschriebenen Verfahrens ist gekennzeichnet durch einen Müllschredder mit einer nachgeschalteten Trockentrommel und einem dieser nachgeschalteten Müllsilo, durch einen Mineralstofferhitzer mit einem nachgeschalteten Mineralstoffsilo und durch eine an die beiden Silos angeschlossene Dosierwaage, der ein Mischer nachgeschaltet ist, aus dem die Mischung in einen Thermoreaktor gelangt, wobei vorzugsweise die Dosierwaage, der Mischer und der Thermoreaktor unter Luftabschluß stehen. Es genügt, die letztgenannten Aggregate unter Luftabschluß zu halten, weil die erhitzten Mineralstoffe und der getrocknete Müll erst im Bereich der Dosierwaage zusammengeführt werden.A device for carrying out the described method is characterized by a waste shredder with a downstream drying drum and a waste silo connected downstream, by a mineral material heater with a subsequent mineral silo and by a metering scale connected to the two silos, which is followed by a mixer from which the mixture is fed reaches a thermoreactor, the dosing scales, the mixer and the thermoreactor preferably being sealed off from the air. It is sufficient to keep the latter units sealed off from the air, because the heated minerals and the dried garbage are only brought together in the area of the weigh feeder.

Die Trockentrommel für den Müll ist vorzugsweise für indirekte Beheizung nach dem Doppelmantelsystem ausgelegt. Vorteilhaft ist eine Nachverbrennungseinrichtung für aus der Trockentrommel und/oder dem Müllsilo und/oder dem Thermoreaktor abgezogene Abgase, so daß die Trockentrommel mit den Verbrennungsabgasen aus der Nachverbrennungseinrichtung beheizbar sein kann. Es versteht sich, daß Verbrennungsabgase, die nicht zur Beheizung der Trockentrommel eingesetzt werden, entstaubt werden, bevor sie einem Kamin zugeführt werden.The drying drum for waste is preferably designed for indirect heating using the double jacket system. A post-combustion device is advantageous for exhaust gases drawn off from the drying drum and / or the refuse silo and / or the thermoreactor, so that the drying drum can be heated with the combustion exhaust gases from the post-combustion device. It goes without saying that combustion exhaust gases which are not used for heating the drying drum are dedusted before they are released Fireplace can be fed.

Der Mineralstofferhitzer ist zweckmäßig als direktbeheitzte Trockentrommel ausgebildet. Damit die den Mineralstofferhitzer verlassenden Abgase die Umwelt nicht belasten, sollte dem Mineralstofferhitzer abgasseitig eine Entstaubungseinrichtung nachgeschaltet sein, wobei die in der Entstaubungseinrichtung anfallenden Feststoffe dem Mineralstoffsilo zugeführt werden.The mineral fuel heater is expediently designed as a directly heated drying drum. So that the exhaust gases leaving the mineral material heater do not pollute the environment, a dedusting device should be connected downstream of the mineral material heater on the exhaust gas side, the solids occurring in the dedusting device being fed to the mineral material silo.

Schließlich kann dem Thermoreaktor ein Mischer nachgeschaltet sein, in dem der fertigen Mischung Zusätze beigefügt werden, zum Beispiel Kalk oder dergleichen, wenn die Mischung zur Herstellung von Humusgemischen, insbesondere als Füll- oder Düngematerial für die Garten- oder Landwirtschaft eingesetzt wird, oder Zement, wenn die Mischung zur Herstellung von Baustoffen eingesetzt wird.Finally, the thermoreactor can be followed by a mixer, in which additives are added to the finished mixture, for example lime or the like, if the mixture is used to produce humus mixtures, in particular as a filler or fertilizer for gardening or agriculture, or cement, if the mixture is used to manufacture building materials.

Im folgenden wird ein in der Zeichnung dargestelltes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung erläutert; die einzige Figur zeigt schematisch eine Anlage zur Aufbereitung von Müll.In the following an embodiment of the invention shown in the drawing is explained; the only figure shows schematically a plant for processing waste.

Der in einer überdachten Halle 1 lagernde Müll 2 wird mit einem Radlader 3 in einen Müllschredder 4 überführt, wo er auf eine Korngröße von zum Beispiel 0/50 mm zerkleinert wird. Der zerkleinerte Müll wird über ein geschlossenes Bandsystem 5 einem Becherwerk 6 übergeben und gelangt in eine Trockentrommel 7, in der er bei einer Temperatur von über 100 °C getrocknet wird. Die Trockentrommel 7 ist für indirekte Beheizung nach dem Doppelmantelsystem ausgelegt. Das wird später erläutert. Aus der Trockentrommel 7 wird der getrocknete Müll mit Hilfe eines weiteren Becherwerkes 8 in einen Müllsilo 9 überführt.The waste 2 stored in a covered hall 1 is transferred with a wheel loader 3 into a waste shredder 4, where it is reduced to a grain size of, for example, 0/50 mm. The shredded waste is transferred to a bucket elevator 6 via a closed belt system 5 and reaches a drying drum 7, in which it is dried at a temperature of over 100 ° C. The drying drum 7 is designed for indirect heating according to the double jacket system. That will be explained later. The dried garbage is transferred from the drying drum 7 into a garbage silo 9 with the aid of a further bucket elevator 8.

In einem Freilager oder einer Halle 10 lagernder Sand 11 wird mit Hilfe eines Radladers 12 in Doseure 13 verladen und gelangt von dort über ein Band 14 in einen Drehrohrofen 15. Im Drehrohrofen 15 wird der Sand auf eine Temperatur von bis zu 1000 °C erhitzt, wobei die Temperatur einstellbar ist, vorzugsweise auf Werte von 250 bis 800 °C. Der erhitzte Sand wird über ein Becherwerk 16 in einen Mineralstoffsilo 17 gefördert.Sand 11 stored in an open-air warehouse or hall 10 is loaded with a wheel loader 12 into doses 13 and from there via belt 14 into a rotary kiln 15. In the rotary kiln 15, the sand is heated to a temperature of up to 1000 ° C. the temperature being adjustable, preferably to values from 250 to 800 ° C. The heated sand is conveyed via a bucket elevator 16 into a mineral silo 17.

Der Drehrohrofen 15 wird direkt mit einem Brenner 18 beheizt, dem Brennstoff aus einem Brennstoffbehälter 19 zugeführt wird. Die Abgase aus dem Drehrohrofen 15 werden in einem Vorabscheider 20 und in einer nachgeschalteten Filterentstaubung 21 von mitgeführten Feststoffen befreit und diese Feststoffe werden dem Becherwerk 16 aufgegeben. Das ist durch Pfeile 22 angedeutet. Die gereinigten Abgase werden einem Kamin 23 zugeführt.The rotary kiln 15 is heated directly by a burner 18 to which fuel is supplied from a fuel tank 19. The exhaust gases from the rotary kiln 15 are freed of entrained solids in a pre-separator 20 and in a downstream filter dedusting device 21 and these solids are fed to the bucket elevator 16. This is indicated by arrows 22. The cleaned exhaust gases are fed to a chimney 23.

Unter dem Müllsilo 9 und dem Mineralstoffsilo 17 befindet sich eine Dosierwaage 24, mit der der erhitzte Sand aus dem Mineralstoffsilo 17 und der getrocknete Müll aus dem Müllsilo 9 unter Vorgabe bestimmter Mengenverhältnisse, vorzugsweise 1:1, abgewogen werden. Aus der Dosierwaage 24 gelangen die aus den Silos abgezogenen Bestandteile in einen Mischer 25, in dem sie intensiv gemischt werden. Der Mischer 25 übergibt die Mischung einer Kübelbahn 26, die über einen Thermoreaktor 27 verfahrbar ist und die Mischung im Thermoreaktor 27 verteilt. Die Dosierwaage 24, der Mischer 25, die Kübelbahn 26 und der Thermoreaktor 27 stehen unter Luftabschluß, so daß der Müll unter Entgasung, jedoch ohne Verbrennung auf ein wesentlich geringeres Volumen schrumpft.Under the garbage silo 9 and the mineral silo 17 there is a dosing scale 24 with which the heated sand from the mineral silo 17 and the dried garbage from the garbage silo 9 are weighed out in accordance with certain quantitative ratios, preferably 1: 1. From the dosing scale 24, the components withdrawn from the silos go into a mixer 25, in which they are mixed intensively. The mixer 25 transfers the mixture to a bucket conveyor 26, which can be moved via a thermoreactor 27 and distributes the mixture in the thermoreactor 27. The weigh feeder 24, the mixer 25, the bucket conveyor 26 and the thermoreactor 27 are sealed off from the air, so that the waste shrinks to a much smaller volume under degassing, but without combustion.

Aus dem Thermoreaktor 27 wird die so aufbereitete Mischung mit einem Förderer 28 abgezogen und einem weiteren Mischer 29 übergeben, wobei dem Mischer 29 gleichzeitig aus zugeordneten Silos 30 Zusatzstoffe zugeführt werden. Bei den Zusatzstoffen kann es sich um Kalk oder dergleichen handeln, wenn die aufbereitete Mischung als Füll- oder Düngematerial für die Garten- oder Landwirtschaft eingesetzt werden soll, es kann sich aber auch um Zement handeln, wenn die aufbereitete Mischung zu einem Baustoff weiterverarbeitet werden soll. An den Mischer 29 schließt eine Transporteinrichtung 31 an, die zu der nichtdargestellten Weiterverarbeitung führt.The mixture prepared in this way is drawn off from the thermoreactor 27 with a conveyor 28 and transferred to a further mixer 29, additives 30 being simultaneously supplied to the mixer 29 from assigned silos. The additives can be lime or the like if the prepared mixture is to be used as a filler or fertilizer for gardening or agriculture, but it can also be cement if the prepared mixture is to be processed into a building material . A transport device 31 connects to the mixer 29 and leads to the further processing, not shown.

In der Trockentrommel 7, im Müllsilo 9 und im Thermoreaktor 27 anfallende Abgase werden abgezogen und einer Nachverbrennungseinrichtung 32 zugeführt, die mit einem Brenner 33 beheizt wird, der seinen Brennstoff aus dem Brennstoffbehälter 19 erhält. Die Verbrennungsabgase aus der Nachverbrennungseinrichtung werden teilweise der Trockentrommel 7 zur Beheizung zugeführt. Die restlichen Verbrennungsabgase aus der Nachverbrennungseinrichtung 32 werden über einen Kühler 34 und einen Filter 35 einem Kamin 36 zugeführt.In the drying drum 7, in the waste silo 9 and in the thermoreactor 27, exhaust gases are drawn off and fed to an afterburning device 32 which is heated by a burner 33 which receives its fuel from the fuel tank 19. The combustion exhaust gases from the afterburning device are partially fed to the drying drum 7 for heating. The remaining combustion exhaust gases from the afterburning device 32 are fed to a chimney 36 via a cooler 34 and a filter 35.

Claims (17)

Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Müll, insbesondere Hausmüll, der zerkleinert und trocken mit auf eine Temperatur von bis zu 1000 °C erhitzten Mineralstoffen gemischt wird, wobei die Mischung homogenisiert wird, bis der Müll auf ein gewünschtes, geringeres Volumen geschrumpft ist.Process for the preparation of waste, in particular household waste, which is comminuted and dry mixed with minerals heated to a temperature of up to 1000 ° C., the mixture being homogenized until the waste has shrunk to a desired, smaller volume. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Müll auf eine Körnung von 0 - 50 mm zerkleinert wird.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the waste is crushed to a grain size of 0 - 50 mm. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Müll bei einer Temperatur von über 100 °C getrocknet wird.Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the waste is dried at a temperature of over 100 ° C. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mischung unter Luftabschluß gehalten wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mixture is kept in the absence of air. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Mineralstoff Sand oder dergleichen verwendet wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that sand or the like is used as the mineral. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichent, daß als Mineralstoffe Metallgranulate verwendet werden, die nach dem Aufbereitungsprozeß zur erneuten Verwendung abgetrennt werden.Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that metal granules are used as minerals, which are separated off for reuse after the preparation process. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mineralstoffe auf eine Temperatur von 250 bis 800 °C erhitzt werden.Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the mineral substances are heated to a temperature of 250 to 800 ° C. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Müll und die Mineralstoffe im Verhältnis 1:1 gemischt werden.Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the waste and the minerals are mixed in a ratio of 1: 1. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 zum Herstellen von Humusgemischen, insbesondere als Füll- oder Düngematerial für die Garten- oder Landwirtschaft, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mineralstoffe auf bis zu 500 °C vorgeheizt werden.Method according to one of claims 1 to 8 for the production of humus mixtures, in particular as filler or fertilizer material for gardening or agriculture, characterized in that the minerals are preheated to up to 500 ° C. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mischung Zusätze, insbesondere Kalk oder dergleichen zugegeben werden.A method according to claim 9, characterized in that additives, in particular lime or the like, are added to the mixture. Anlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, gekennzeichnet durch einen Müllschredder (4) mit einer nachgeschalteten Trockentrommel (7) und einem dieser nachgeschalteten Müllsilo (9), durch einen Mineralstofferhitzer (15) mit einem nachgeschalteten Mineralstoffsilo (17) und durch eine an die beiden Silos (9, 17) angeschlossene Dosierwaage (24), der ein Mischer (25) nachgeschaltet ist, aus dem die Mischung in einen Thermoreaktor (27) gelangt.Plant for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by a waste shredder (4) with a downstream drying drum (7) and a waste silo (9) downstream thereof, a mineral material heater (15) with a subsequent mineral silo (17) and by means of a metering scale (24) connected to the two silos (9, 17), which is followed by a mixer (25) from which the mixture reaches a thermoreactor (27). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dosierwaage (24), der Mischer (25) und der Thermoreaktor (27) unter Luftabschluß stehen.Apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the dosing scale (24), the mixer (25) and the thermoreactor (27) are sealed off from the air. Anlage nach Anspruch 11 oder 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Trockentrommel (7) für den Müll für indirekte Beheizung nach dem Doppelmantelsystem ausgelegt ist.System according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that that the drying drum (7) is designed for the garbage for indirect heating according to the double jacket system. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Nachverbrennungseinrichtung (32) für aus der Trockentrommel (7) und/oder aus dem Müllsilo (9) und/oder aus dem Thermoreaktor (27) abgezogene Abgase vorgesehen ist und daß die Trockentrommel (7) mit den Verbrennungsabgasen aus der Nachverbrennungseinrichtung (32) beheizt ist.Plant according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that an afterburning device (32) is provided for exhaust gases drawn off from the drying drum (7) and / or from the refuse silo (9) and / or from the thermoreactor (27), and in that the Drying drum (7) with the combustion exhaust gases from the afterburning device (32) is heated. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mineralstofferhitzer als direktbeheizter Drehrohrofen (15) ausgebildet ist.Installation according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the mineral fuel heater is designed as a directly heated rotary kiln (15). Anlage nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Mineralstofferhitzer (15) abgasseitig eine Entstaubungseinrichtung (20, 21) nachgeschaltet ist und daß die in der Entstaubungseinrichtung (20, 21) anfallenden Feststoffe dem Mineralstoffsilo (17) zugeführt werden.Plant according to claim 15, characterized in that a dedusting device (20, 21) is connected downstream of the exhaust gas heater on the exhaust gas side and that the solids accumulating in the dedusting device (20, 21) are fed to the mineral silo (17). Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Thermoreaktor (27) ein Mischer (29) nachgeschaltet ist.System according to one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that a mixer (29) is connected downstream of the thermoreactor (27).
EP94114211A 1993-10-09 1994-09-09 Process and plant for treating refuse Expired - Lifetime EP0647697B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4334538 1993-10-09
DE4334538 1993-10-09
DE4422428A DE4422428A1 (en) 1993-10-09 1994-06-28 Process and plant for processing waste
DE4422428 1994-06-28

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EP0647697A1 true EP0647697A1 (en) 1995-04-12
EP0647697B1 EP0647697B1 (en) 1999-05-19

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EP (1) EP0647697B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH08112579A (en)
AT (1) ATE180271T1 (en)
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CN112222152A (en) * 2020-09-23 2021-01-15 井冈山大学 Automatic drying, carbonizing and crushing device for organic waste and using method thereof

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KR200254366Y1 (en) * 2001-08-23 2001-11-24 장영광 Sweeping a dry apparatus

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CN112222152A (en) * 2020-09-23 2021-01-15 井冈山大学 Automatic drying, carbonizing and crushing device for organic waste and using method thereof

Also Published As

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ES2133455T3 (en) 1999-09-16
JPH08112579A (en) 1996-05-07
US5456024A (en) 1995-10-10
ATE180271T1 (en) 1999-06-15
EP0647697B1 (en) 1999-05-19

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