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EP0500705B1 - Dispositif de broyage - Google Patents

Dispositif de broyage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0500705B1
EP0500705B1 EP90917141A EP90917141A EP0500705B1 EP 0500705 B1 EP0500705 B1 EP 0500705B1 EP 90917141 A EP90917141 A EP 90917141A EP 90917141 A EP90917141 A EP 90917141A EP 0500705 B1 EP0500705 B1 EP 0500705B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crushing
roller
discs
rollers
teeth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90917141A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0500705A1 (fr
Inventor
Raimund Falkner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE8913711U external-priority patent/DE8913711U1/de
Priority claimed from AT133090A external-priority patent/AT398172B/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0500705A1 publication Critical patent/EP0500705A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0500705B1 publication Critical patent/EP0500705B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C18/142Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with two or more inter-engaging rotatable cutter assemblies
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16Details
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16Details
    • B02C18/18Knives; Mountings thereof
    • B02C18/182Disc-shaped knives
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30PRESSES
    • B30BPRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/32Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for consolidating scrap metal or for compacting used cars
    • B30B9/321Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for consolidating scrap metal or for compacting used cars for consolidating empty containers, e.g. cans
    • B30B9/325Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for consolidating scrap metal or for compacting used cars for consolidating empty containers, e.g. cans between rotary pressing members, e.g. rollers, discs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/0007Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating documents
    • B02C2018/0069Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating documents with stripping devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C2018/147Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers of the plural stage type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a shredding device, in particular for waste material, with a drive and with a housing having an upper filling opening, in the lower part of which a pair of oppositely rotating, intermeshing shredding rollers is arranged, each of which has a plurality of gear-like shredding disks which are axially spaced apart by spacer disks and whose teeth form circumferential cutting elements.
  • Such a shredding device with four shredding rollers arranged in a square, is known, for example, from AT-B 359 812, the gear-like shredding disks of each roller engage in the gaps formed by the spacers of two other rollers.
  • Each shredding roller is arranged on a shaft that is connected to a common drive motor outside the work area via a gear. Since there are strongly fluctuating loads, the gears must be solid.
  • EP-A 142 162 an apparatus for breaking and / or stripping core material is known, an embodiment having disc pairs which are in alignment with one another and mesh with one another in a gear-like manner and which are combined to form two rollers, at least one of which can be driven.
  • the invention has now set itself the task of designing such a shredding device so that both Comminution rollers can be driven by a drive motor without an intermediate gear and can be kept free from material jamming between the comminution disks in a simple manner.
  • shredding disks of the two shredding rollers are aligned with one another, that the shredding disks of the second shredding roller are arranged on a driveless shaft and are driven by their engagement in the driven shredding disk, and in that the aligned gaps between the shredding disks are deflected, Guide or clearing elements are arranged.
  • the shredding disks of the two shredding rollers are aligned with one another, that the shredding disks of the second shredding roller are arranged on a driveless shaft and are driven by their engagement in the driven shredding disk, and in that the aligned gaps between the shredding disks are deflected, Guide or clearing elements are arranged.
  • An additional advantage is that there is no need for a positive connection in the circumferential direction between the non-driven shaft and the comminution disks arranged thereon.
  • the height of the teeth is greater than their depth of engagement. Due to the difference between tooth height and engagement depth, there is sufficient space for the shredded material in each tooth gap despite the engaging tooth of the other shredding disk.
  • the shredding rollers can have different diameters, the smaller shredding roller being provided with the drive. This not only achieves different circumferential speeds that favor the size reduction of the two size reduction rollers, but also a power-saving translation takes place, which makes it possible to use a drive motor with a smaller dimension.
  • a further embodiment provides that broaching elements engaging in the spaces between the two shredding rollers are formed by toothed disks of a driven third roller arranged below the two shredding rollers. In this way, it is impossible to pass through the spaces between the comminuting disks, since this passing, non-comminuted or only partially comminuted material is inevitably gripped and comminuted by the toothed disks of the third roller. Due to the engagement of the toothed disks in the aligned gaps between the two shredding rollers, no material can penetrate into the shredding disks which come out of engagement on the underside, so that the third roller serves on the one hand as a third shredding roller and on the other hand as a clearing roller. The direction of rotation is irrelevant, since it is in any case in the same direction to one and in the opposite direction to the second shredding roller.
  • Comminution devices with three comminution rollers are known per se, for example from DE-A 32 34 485 or DE-A 26 00 454. However, since in both comminution devices the comminution disks of the two top comminution rollers are set to a gap, the third roller underneath only engages one of the two shredding rollers (DE-A 32 34 485), or neither of the two shredding rollers (DE-A 26 00 454). Post-shredding is thus incomplete and the clearing is more fixed Material parts can be made from at most one shredding roller.
  • the toothed disks of the third roller can have teeth which are delimited by approximately V-shaped, rounded cutouts.
  • the toothed disks of the third roller thus resemble sprocket gears, and this shape has proven to be particularly favorable for the secondary comminution and the removal.
  • the speed of the third roller is of no particular importance, but it has proven to be advantageous if the speed of the third roller is greater.
  • the third roller is arranged in the vertical central plane between the two shredding rollers, and the toothed disks of the third roller are approximated to spacer disks between the shredding disks of both shredding rollers are. Since this version is completely symmetrical, only the same deflector elements can be used. It has proven to be advantageous here if the axes of the three rollers are determined approximately by the corner points of an equilateral triangle.
  • deflection or guide elements are arranged fixed to the housing and support the spacers. This prevents the material from being returned outside the shredding rollers to the side of the inlet opening. It is particularly expedient if deflecting elements engaging in the spaces between the two shredding rollers are provided on the side of the filling opening.
  • the deflector points to the side the filling opening preferably has a cutting edge which projects beyond the teeth of the comminution disk adjacent on both sides.
  • the squeezing of in particular long-fiber material between the toothed disks of the third roller and the spacers of the counter-rotating shredding roller can also be prevented in a preferred embodiment if the third roller is arranged at a distance from a vertical central plane between the two shredding rollers and the toothed disks of the third Roller on the one hand are approximated to the spacer disks between the shredding disks of the shredding roller rotating in the same direction and on the other hand to the deflecting elements between the shredding disks of the shredding roller rotating in opposite directions.
  • each deflecting element has a cutting edge directed towards the third roller between the shredding disks of the shredding roller rotating in opposite directions.
  • a shredding device is used in particular for shredding not too bulky, in particular compostable, waste of all kinds, such as paper, cardboard, wood, garden waste, etc. and has a housing 1 in which two intermeshing, horizontally running shredding rollers 2, 3 are arranged side by side.
  • Each shredding roller 2, 3 comprises a shaft 4, 5 mounted in the side walls of the housing 1, on which, with the interposition of spacer disks 13, aligned pairs of shredding disks 6 are arranged at an axial distance from one another.
  • Each shredding disk 6 is provided on the circumference with uniform cutting elements in the form of teeth 7, so that it is designed like a gear.
  • the thickness of each comminution disc 6 is preferably greater than the width of the respective space 18 given by the spacer discs 13.
  • the teeth 7 of two comminution discs 6 engage in one another, the depth h of the tooth spaces 8 being greater than the engagement depth a. This forms a receiving space for the material crushed between the teeth 7, which is further enlarged by a tapering of the tooth base 10.
  • a comminution roller 3 is thus driven by the other comminution roller 2, which is associated with a drive 17, not shown in detail.
  • the shaft 4 has a quadrangular or hexagonal cross section, as a result of which the comminuting disks 6 threaded thereon are held in a form-fitting manner in the circumferential direction, while the shaft 5 of the second comminuting roller 3 has a round cross section.
  • the shaft 4 is custom-made, and the shredding discs 6 and the spacers 13 of the shaft 5 are easier to manufacture due to the cylindrical center bore.
  • the teeth 7 of the comminution disks 6 can be arranged with a circumferential offset in the longitudinal direction, as a result of which the rows of teeth lie approximately in a helix, which may favor the comminution.
  • each side wall carries a squeegee 26, in order to prevent the penetration of material in the event of a brief, temporary reversal of the direction of rotation of the shredding rollers 2, 3, which is indicated by arrows.
  • a third, driven roller 21 is provided below the two shredding rollers 2, 3, which is likewise composed of spacer disks 25 and toothed disks 22 and the direction of rotation of which is arbitrary.
  • Approximately V-shaped, rounded cutouts 24 are provided between the teeth 23 of the toothed disk 22.
  • the toothed disks 22 are each aligned with two mutually opposite spacer disks 13 of the two comminution rollers 2, 3 and with the deflecting elements 14 supporting them, and thus engage in the spaces 18 between both comminution rollers 2, 3. Material crushed from the teeth 7 of the crushing disks 6 falls down and is transferred into an outlet 12 via the spacer disk 25 of the third roller 21 underneath.
  • the third roller 21 can also be arranged symmetrically, that is to say in the central plane between the two comminution rollers 2, 3, the teeth 23 then being approximated to the spacer disks 13 of both comminution rollers 2, 3.
  • deflecting or guiding elements 14 are shown, which partially bridge the feed gap on the side of the filling opening 11 and each extend into the opposing shredding roller 2, 3. These deflecting elements end in a cutting edge 20 which protrude radially beyond the teeth 7 of the comminution disks 6. The feed gap for the material to be shredded is thereby also reduced in the spaces between the shredding disks 6 and the shredding effect is also improved by the additional cutting edge 20.
  • the deflecting elements 14 carrying the cutting edge 20 alternately enclose every second spacer 13 on the shafts 4, 5 so that they appear combing into one another.
  • a deflector element 14, similar to FIG. 1, is provided on the opposite side, which supports the spacers 13 from below.
  • the roller 21 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is also preferably provided in this embodiment, but is not shown for reasons of clarity. Likewise in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the arrangement of deflecting and guiding elements 14 according to FIGS. 3 to 7 is possible, which are led to the side of the filling opening 11.
  • the height h of the teeth 7 is preferably greater than twice the engagement depth a, so that there is a large receiving space at the bottom of each tooth gap 8 for material entering the toothing is achieved.
  • open side recesses 9 facilitate the material exit, so that the bottom of each tooth gap 8 is designed like a cutting edge.
  • the shredded material falls down through the outlet 12.
  • the outlet 12 can lead like a funnel to a channel-shaped support in which a screw conveyor is arranged. This can be continued in a machine part arranged outside the comminution device as a press screw for pressing the comminuted material.
  • the funnel-like feed is limited by deflecting or guiding elements 14, which are fixed lying on the support and each protrude into an intermediate space 18 between two comminution disks 6 as far as the respective spacer disk 13.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Dispositif de broyage, en particulier pour des déchets, avec un entraînement et avec un boîtier (1) présentant une ouverture supérieure de remplissage, dans la partie inférieure duquel est disposée une paire de cylindres broyeurs (2, 3) tournant dans des sens opposés et engrenant l'un dans l'autre, qui se composent chacun de plusieurs disques broyeurs (6) analogues à des roues dentées, qui sont espacés axialement par des disques de distancement (13), et dont les dents (7) constituent des éléments coupants périphériques, les disques broyeurs (6) d'un cylindre broyeur (2) étant solidaires en rotation avec un arbre d'entraîne- ment (4) relié à l'entraînement,
    caractérisé en ce que les disques broyeurs (6) des deux cylindres broyeurs (2, 3) sont chaque fois alignés ensemble, en ce que les disques broyeurs (6) du deuxième cylindre broyeur (3) sont disposés sur un arbre (5) non entraîné et sont entraînés par leur engrènement dans les disques broyeurs (6)entraînés, et en ce que, dans les espaces intermédiaires alignés (18) entre les disques broyeurs (6), sont disposés des éléments de rejet, de guidage ou d'évacuation (14, 22).
  2. Dispositif de broyage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la hauteur (h) des dents (7) est plus grande que leur profondeur d'engrènement (a).
  3. Broyeur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la hauteur (h) des dents (7) correspond au moins au double de la profondeur d'engrènement (a).
  4. Broyeur selon une des renvendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que chaque disque broyeur (6) présente, au moins sur un côté, dans les creux (8) des dents, des évidements ouverts (9).
  5. Broyeur selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les dents (7) présentent un pied de dent (10) aminci.
  6. Broyeur selon une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que chaque dent (7) présente deux arêtes coupantes (19).
  7. Broyeur selon une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur des disques broyeurs (6) est plus grande que l'épaisseur des disques de distancement (13).
  8. Broyeur selon une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que, dans les intervalles (18) entre les deux cylindres broyeurs (2, 3), des éléments évacuateurs engrenants sont constitués par des disques dentés (22) d'un troisième cylindre entraîné (21) disposé en dessous des deux cylindres broyeurs (2, 3).
  9. Broyeur selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les disques dentés (22) du troisième cylindre (21) présentent des dents (23) qui sont délimitées par des échancrures arrondies (24) ayant sensiblement une forme en V.
  10. Broyeur selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la profondeur des échancrures (24) correspond sensiblement à la profondeur des creux (8) des dents des disques broyeurs (6).
  11. Broyeur selon une des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la vitesse de rotation du troisième cylindre (21) est plus grande que celle des deux cylindres broyeurs (2, 3).
  12. Broyeur selon une des revendications 8 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le troisième cylindre (21) est disposé dans le plan vertical médian entre les deux cylindres broyeurs (2, 3) et les disques dentés (22) du troisième cylindre (21) sont rapprochés des disques de distancement (13) entre les disques broyeurs (6) des deux cylindres broyeurs (2, 3).
  13. Broyeur selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que les axes des trois cylindres (2, 3, 21) sont définis approximativement par les sommets d'un triangle équilatéral.
  14. Broyeur selon une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que les éléments (14) de renvoi ou de guidage sont disposés fixes dans le boîtier et soutiennent les disques de distancement (13).
  15. Broyeur selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que, dans les intervalles (18) des deux cylindres broyeurs (2, 3), des éléments de renvoi (14) engrenants sont prévus sur le côté de l'ouverture de remplissage (11).
  16. Broyeur selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de renvoi (14) du côté de l'ouverture de remplissage (11) présente une arête coupante (20).
  17. Broyeur selon les revendications 8 et 14, caractérisé en ce que le troisième cylindre (21) est disposé à distance du plan vertical médian entre les deux cylindres broyeurs (2, 3) et les disques dentés (22) du troisième cylindre (21) sont rapprochés, d'une part, des disques de distancement (13) entre les disques broyeurs (6) du cylindre broyeur (2) tournant dans le même sens et, d'autre part, des éléments de renvoi (14) entre les disques broyeurs (6) du cylindre broyeur (3) tournant en sens contraire.
  18. Broyeur selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que chaque élément de renvoi (14) entre les disques broyeurs (6) du cylindre broyeur (3) tournant en sens contraire présente une arête coupante (27) dirigée vers le troisième cylindre (21).
  19. Broyeur selon une des revendications 14 à 18, caractérisé en ce que chaque élément de renvoi (14) repose sur un longeron (15) disposé en dessous des cylindres broyeurs (2, 3), parallèlement à ceux-ci.
EP90917141A 1989-11-21 1990-11-20 Dispositif de broyage Expired - Lifetime EP0500705B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8913711U DE8913711U1 (de) 1989-11-21 1989-11-21 Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung
DE8913711U 1989-11-21
AT1330/90 1990-06-22
AT133090A AT398172B (de) 1990-06-22 1990-06-22 Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung
PCT/AT1990/000111 WO1991007229A1 (fr) 1989-11-21 1990-11-20 Dispositif de broyage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0500705A1 EP0500705A1 (fr) 1992-09-02
EP0500705B1 true EP0500705B1 (fr) 1994-07-13

Family

ID=25595564

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90917141A Expired - Lifetime EP0500705B1 (fr) 1989-11-21 1990-11-20 Dispositif de broyage

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0500705B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE108344T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59006451D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1991007229A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103990532A (zh) * 2014-06-04 2014-08-20 镇江市丹徒区天源机械配件厂 卫生纸巾自动洁净器
CN105195277A (zh) * 2015-10-22 2015-12-30 北京矿冶研究总院 破碎机

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4142054A1 (de) * 1991-12-19 1993-06-24 Linde Ag Zerkleinerung von bahnfoermigem material
EP1757438A1 (fr) * 2005-08-26 2007-02-28 Mayer, Peter Presse pour le compactage d'emballages vides
CN102284315B (zh) * 2011-06-16 2013-03-27 沈阳恒兴机械有限公司 砧板式梳状剪刃碎料装置
DE102012216914B4 (de) * 2012-09-20 2017-01-05 Hammel GmbH & Co.KG Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung
US9480780B2 (en) 2013-11-05 2016-11-01 Tepha, Inc. Compositions and devices of poly-4-hydroxybutyrate
CN110065162B (zh) * 2019-05-29 2023-12-19 长安大学 一种具有挤压和提料作用的双立轴高性能混凝土搅拌机
CN115475410B (zh) * 2022-09-26 2023-12-12 青岛羽翎珊家纺织品集团有限公司 一种纺织品检测偶氮染料提取装置
CN120552260B (zh) * 2025-07-11 2025-11-14 广州市联冠机械有限公司 一种六轴全自动轮胎切块机及其控制系统

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2548760C2 (de) * 1975-10-31 1977-12-29 Goergen, Fritz-Aurel, Dr., Cologny (Schweiz) Verfahren zur Aufbereitung und Verbrennung von Abfällen
CH604896A5 (en) * 1977-03-31 1978-09-15 Sopac Trade Ag Double parallel cutter refuse grinding machine
DE2943570A1 (de) * 1979-10-29 1981-04-30 Peter 5439 Bretthausen Voelskow Zerkleinerungsmaschine fuer sperrige abfaelle
CH665363A5 (de) * 1983-11-16 1988-05-13 Abla Consultancy International Vorrichtung zum brechen und/oder entschalen von kerngut.
DE3705623A1 (de) * 1987-02-21 1988-09-01 Ehinger Adolf Eba Maschf Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung, insbesondere aktenvernichter

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103990532A (zh) * 2014-06-04 2014-08-20 镇江市丹徒区天源机械配件厂 卫生纸巾自动洁净器
CN103990532B (zh) * 2014-06-04 2016-08-17 镇江市丹徒区天源机械配件厂 卫生纸巾自动洁净器
CN105195277A (zh) * 2015-10-22 2015-12-30 北京矿冶研究总院 破碎机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0500705A1 (fr) 1992-09-02
DE59006451D1 (de) 1994-08-18
ATE108344T1 (de) 1994-07-15
WO1991007229A1 (fr) 1991-05-30

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