EP0431380B1 - Mounting of a gun in the wall of an armoured housing, especially a tank - Google Patents
Mounting of a gun in the wall of an armoured housing, especially a tank Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0431380B1 EP0431380B1 EP90122026A EP90122026A EP0431380B1 EP 0431380 B1 EP0431380 B1 EP 0431380B1 EP 90122026 A EP90122026 A EP 90122026A EP 90122026 A EP90122026 A EP 90122026A EP 0431380 B1 EP0431380 B1 EP 0431380B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gun
- housing
- weapon
- shield
- opening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A27/00—Gun mountings permitting traversing or elevating movement, e.g. gun carriages
- F41A27/06—Mechanical systems
- F41A27/08—Bearings, e.g. trunnions; Brakes or blocking arrangements
- F41A27/10—Bearings for supporting a pivoting gun in a wall, e.g. a turret wall
Definitions
- the invention relates to a weapon bushing through an armored housing, in particular on a main battle tank, in which a heavy weapon which can be pivoted in elevation is arranged within the housing, the weapon barrel of which is mounted in a weapon cradle and is guided through an opening in the housing to the outside, the opening being through a weapon cover is covered.
- Weapons of this type are generally known, for example, in battle tanks, the weapon barrel being passed through the aperture and being firmly connected to it. It has now been shown that the protection requirements for armored casings, in particular for battle tanks, are constantly increasing. In most cases, increasing the protection requirements also means increasing the weight. This increase in weight can lead to problems in the area of the weapon covers. A weight increase in the weapon cover also means an increase in the imbalances of the height-adjustable parts of the weapon system.
- the invention has for its object to provide a weapon implementation of the type mentioned in such a way that the additional imbalances caused by an increase in protection requirements are reduced.
- the weapon shield consists of at least two shield elements arranged side by side in the opening of the housing, viewed in the direction of the weapon barrel axis, one of which is firmly connected to the weapon and at least one is permanently connected to the housing.
- Each panel element fixed to the housing can be detachably connected to the housing.
- the weapon barrel is guided through a central weapon-fixed diaphragm element and a diaphragm element fixed to the housing is arranged on each side of the weapon-fixed diaphragm element.
- the weapon Since, for example, in modern battle tanks, the weapon is inserted from the outside during installation (see, for example, DE-A-25 52 009) and the weapon cradle and breech part of the weapon extend almost over the entire width of the opening in the housing or in the turret, installation or Removal of the weapon system, the panel elements fixed to the housing are released in order to access the weapon storage.
- the weapon bushing is designed such that the panel elements fixed to the housing can be folded upward about a pivot axis, with several housing-fixed panel elements is expedient if they are all connected to one another and can be opened together. After opening the fixed panel elements, the weapon storage is freely accessible without having to release the fixed panel element.
- the weapon-fixed aperture element can be inextricably linked to the weapon or the weapon cradle.
- Fig. 1 shows the turret 1 of an otherwise not shown main battle tank, which has an opening 1.1 on its front, through which a heavy weapon 2, which can be pivoted in elevation, is guided, which is mounted within the opening 1.1 in a weapon cradle, not shown, which is mounted on shield cone bearings is connected to the tower housing.
- the opening 1.1 in the tower 1 is covered by a weapon cover, which consists of a total of three elements, namely a middle one weapon-fixed cover element 3, through which the weapon barrel 2 is guided and two tower-fixed cover elements 4.1 and 4.2 arranged on both sides of the weapon-fixed cover element 3, which are fixedly connected to the turret housing in a manner not shown.
- the three diaphragm elements 3, 4.1 and 4.2 are thus seen in the transverse direction next to one another in the direction of the barrel axis 2.1 and together cover the opening 1.1.
- the mass and also the unbalance of the pivotable panel element 3 are greatly reduced compared to a pivotable panel element that extends over the full width.
- the tower-fixed cover elements 4.1 and 4.2 Since the shield-fixed bearings are covered by the tower-fixed cover elements 4.1 and 4.2, it is necessary to loosen and remove the tower-fixed cover elements 4.1 and 4.2 from their fastenings when installing and removing the weapon. In order to be able to do this in an easy-to-use manner, as can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3, the tower-fixed diaphragm elements 4.1 and 4.2 are designed to be pivotable upwards.
- the pivot axis 5 is arranged above the shield pin axis 6 in the area of the upper edge of the opening 1.1 in the transverse direction to the weapon barrel axis 2.1 and the two tower-fixed aperture elements 4.1 and 4.2 can be opened upwards about the common pivot axis 5, to the extent that they are on the roof of the tower 1 can be placed.
- the shield pin bearings in the opening 1.1 are easily accessible, so that adjustments to the angle transmission element arranged in the shield pin bearing (see DE-PS 25 52 009) can be made even without removing the weapon.
- the downwardly pivoted position of the tower-fixed diaphragm elements 4.1 and 4.2 is indicated by dash-dotted lines (4.2 ') in FIG. 3.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Waffendurchführung durch ein gepanzertes Gehäuse, insbesondere an einem Kampfpanzer, bei welcher eine in Elevation schwenkbare schwere Waffe innerhalb des Gehäuses angeordnet ist, deren Waffenrohr in einer Waffenwiege gelagert und durch eine Öffnung des Gehäuses nach außen geführt ist, wobei die Öffnung durch eine Waffenblende abgedeckt ist.The invention relates to a weapon bushing through an armored housing, in particular on a main battle tank, in which a heavy weapon which can be pivoted in elevation is arranged within the housing, the weapon barrel of which is mounted in a weapon cradle and is guided through an opening in the housing to the outside, the opening being through a weapon cover is covered.
Derartige Waffendurchführungen sind beispielsweise bei Kampfpanzern allgemein bekannt, wobei das Waffenrohr durch die Blende hindurchgeführt und mit dieser fest verbunden ist. Es hat sich nun gezeigt, daß sich die Schutzanforderungen an gepanzerte Gehäuse, insbesondere bei Kampfpanzern, ständig erhöhen. Die Erhöhung der Schutzanforderungen bedeutet in den meisten Fällen auch eine Erhöhung des Gewichts. Diese Gewichtserhöhung kann im Bereich der Waffenblenden zu Problemen führen. So bedeutet eine Gewichtserhöhung der Waffenblende auch eine Erhöhung der Unbalancen der höhenrichtbaren Teile der Waffenanlage.Weapons of this type are generally known, for example, in battle tanks, the weapon barrel being passed through the aperture and being firmly connected to it. It has now been shown that the protection requirements for armored casings, in particular for battle tanks, are constantly increasing. In most cases, increasing the protection requirements also means increasing the weight. This increase in weight can lead to problems in the area of the weapon covers. A weight increase in the weapon cover also means an increase in the imbalances of the height-adjustable parts of the weapon system.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Waffendurchführung der eingangs erwähnten Bauart so auszugestalten, daß die durch eine Erhöhung der Schutzanforderungen bedingten zusätzlichen Unbalancen reduziert werden.The invention has for its object to provide a weapon implementation of the type mentioned in such a way that the additional imbalances caused by an increase in protection requirements are reduced.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe geschieht erfindungsgemäß dadurch, daß die Waffenblende aus mindestens zwei in Richtung der Waffenrohrachse gesehen nebeneinander in der Öffnung des Gehäuses angeordneten Blendenelementen besteht, von denen eines fest mit der Waffe und mindestens eines fest mit dem Gehäuse verbunden ist. Dabei kann jedes gehäusefest angeordnete Blendenelement lösbar mit dem Gehäuse verbunden sein. Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist das Waffenrohr durch ein mittleres waffenfestes Blendenelement geführt und zu beiden Seiten des waffenfesten Blendenelementes ist je ein gehäusefestes Blendenelement angeordnet.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the weapon shield consists of at least two shield elements arranged side by side in the opening of the housing, viewed in the direction of the weapon barrel axis, one of which is firmly connected to the weapon and at least one is permanently connected to the housing. Each panel element fixed to the housing can be detachably connected to the housing. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the weapon barrel is guided through a central weapon-fixed diaphragm element and a diaphragm element fixed to the housing is arranged on each side of the weapon-fixed diaphragm element.
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Waffendurchführung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen beschrieben.Advantageous developments of the weapon bushing according to the invention are described in the dependent claims.
Da beispielsweise bei modernen Kampfpanzern die Waffe beim Einbau von außen eingeschoben wird (s. z.B. DE-A-25 52 009) und sich Waffenwiege und Verschlußteil der Waffe nahezu über die ganze Breite der Öffnung im Gehäuse bzw. im Turm erstrecken, müssen für den Einbau bzw. Ausbau der Waffenanlage die gehäusefesten Blendenelemente gelöst werden, um an die Waffenlagerung heranzukommen. Um hier eine besondere Wartungsfreundlichkeit zu erreichen, hat es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn die Waffendurchführung so ausgebildet ist, daß die gehäusefesten Blendenelemente um eine Schwenkachse nach oben geklappt werden können, wobei es bei mehreren gehäusefesten Blendenelementen zweckmäßig ist, wenn diese alle miteinander verbunden sind und gemeinsam aufgeklappt werden können. Nach dem Aufklappen der gehäusefesten Blendenelemente ist die Waffenlagerung frei zugänglich, ohne daß das waffenfeste Blendenelement gelöst werden muß. Auf diese Weise wird außer der wartungsfreundlichen Ausbildung der zusätzliche Vorteil erreicht, daß das waffenfeste Blendenelement unlösbar mit der Waffe bzw. der Waffenwiege verbunden sein kann. Um die gehäusefesten Blendenelemente von Hand aufklappbar zu machen, kann es zweckmäßig sein, zur Unterstützung Gewichtsausgleicher vorzusehen.Since, for example, in modern battle tanks, the weapon is inserted from the outside during installation (see, for example, DE-A-25 52 009) and the weapon cradle and breech part of the weapon extend almost over the entire width of the opening in the housing or in the turret, installation or Removal of the weapon system, the panel elements fixed to the housing are released in order to access the weapon storage. In order to achieve a special ease of maintenance, it has proven to be advantageous if the weapon bushing is designed such that the panel elements fixed to the housing can be folded upward about a pivot axis, with several housing-fixed panel elements is expedient if they are all connected to one another and can be opened together. After opening the fixed panel elements, the weapon storage is freely accessible without having to release the fixed panel element. In this way, in addition to the maintenance-friendly design, the additional advantage is achieved that the weapon-fixed aperture element can be inextricably linked to the weapon or the weapon cradle. In order to make the panel elements fixed to the housing foldable by hand, it may be expedient to provide weight balancers to support them.
Im Folgenden wird anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen ein Ausführungsbeispiel für eine Waffendurchführung nach der Erfindung näher erläutert.An exemplary embodiment of a weapon bushing according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In den Zeichnungen zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- in einer stark schematisierten perspektivischen Darstellung einen Kampfpanzerturm mit einer nach außen geführten schweren Waffe;
- Fig. 2
- in einer gegenüber Fig. 1 vergrößerten Teildarstellung den Kampfpanzerturm nach Fig. 1 mit hochgeklappten Blendenelementen.
- Fig. 3
- einen Teilschnitt in Längsrichtung durch den Kampfpanzerturm nach Fig. 2 im Bereich der Schildzapfenachse der Waffenanlage.
- Fig. 1
- in a highly schematic perspective representation a battle tank tower with a heavy weapon directed outwards;
- Fig. 2
- in a partial representation enlarged compared to FIG. 1, the battle tank tower according to FIG. 1 with the diaphragm elements folded up.
- Fig. 3
- a partial section in the longitudinal direction through the battle tank tower of FIG. 2 in the area of the shield axis of the weapon system.
Fig. 1 zeigt den Turm 1 eines ansonsten nicht dargestellten Kampfpanzers, der an seiner Vorderseite eine Öffnung 1.1 aufweist, durch welche eine in Elevation schwenkbare schwere Waffe 2 hindurchgeführt ist, die innerhalb der Öffnung 1.1 in einer nicht dargestellten Waffenwiege gelagert ist, die über Schildzapfenlagerungen mit dem Turmgehäuse verbunden ist. Die Öffnung 1.1 im Turm 1 ist durch eine Waffenblende abgedeckt, die aus insgesamt drei Elementen besteht, nämlich einem mittleren waffenfesten Blendenelement 3, durch das das Waffenrohr 2 hindurchgeführt ist und zwei zu beiden Seiten des waffenfesten Blendenelementes 3 angeordneten turmfesten Blendenelementen 4.1 und 4.2, die in nicht eigens dargestellter Weise mit dem Turmgehäuse fest verbunden sind. Die drei Blendenelemente 3, 4.1 und 4.2 liegen also in Richtung der Waffenrohrachse 2.1 gesehen in Querrichtung nebeneinander und decken gemeinsam die Öffnung 1.1 ab. Durch diese Aufteilung der Blendenelemente ist die Masse und auch die Unbalance des schwenkbaren Blendenelements 3 gegenüber einem sich über die volle Breite erstreckenden schwenkbaren Blendenelement stark reduziert.Fig. 1 shows the
Da durch die turmfesten Blendenelemente 4.1 und 4.2 die Schildzapfenlagerungen abgedeckt werden ist es nötig, beim Ein- und Ausbau der Waffe die turmfesten Blendenelemente 4.1 und 4.2 aus ihren Befestigungen zu lösen und zu entfernen. Um dies in einfach zu handhabender Weise durchführen zu können, sind, wie aus Fig. 2 und 3 erkennbar, die turmfesten Blendenelemente 4.1 und 4.2 nach oben schwenkbar ausgebildet. Dabei ist die Schwenkachse 5 oberhalb der Schildzapfenachse 6 im Bereich des oberen Randes der Öffnung 1.1 in Querrichtung zur Waffenrohrachse 2.1 angeordnet und die beiden turmfesten Blendenelemente 4.1 und 4.2 sind um die gemeinsame Schwenkachse 5 nach oben aufklappbar, und zwar soweit, daß sie auf das Dach des Turms 1 aufgelegt werden können. In diesem in Fig. 2 und 3 dargestellten Zustand sind die Schildzapfenlagerungen in der Öffnung 1.1 gut zugänglich, so daß auch ohne Herausnehmen der Waffe beispielsweise Justierungen an den im Schildzapfenlager angeordneten Winkelübertragungselement (s. DE-PS 25 52 009) vorgenommen werden können. Die nach unten geschwenkte Position der turmfesten Blendenelemente 4.1 und 4.2 ist in Fig. 3 strichpunktiert (4.2') angedeutet.Since the shield-fixed bearings are covered by the tower-fixed cover elements 4.1 and 4.2, it is necessary to loosen and remove the tower-fixed cover elements 4.1 and 4.2 from their fastenings when installing and removing the weapon. In order to be able to do this in an easy-to-use manner, as can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3, the tower-fixed diaphragm elements 4.1 and 4.2 are designed to be pivotable upwards. The
Claims (6)
- A gun passage through an armoured housing (1), more particularly on a tank, a heavy gun (2) pivotable in elevation being disposed inside the housing (1), the gun barrel being mounted in a cradle and being guided towards the exterior through an opening (1.1) in the housing (1), the opening (1.1) being covered by a gun shield, characterised in that the gun shield comprises at least two elements (3 or 4.1, 4.2) disposed side by side in the opening (1.1) of the housing (1), as considered in the direction of the gun-barrel axis (2.1), one element (3) being permanently connected to the gun (2) and at least one (4.1, 4.2) being permanently connected to the housing (1).
- A gun passage according to claim 1, characterised in that each shield element (4.1, 4.2) permanently disposed on the housing is releasably connected to the housing (1).
- A gun passage according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the barrel (2) is guided by a central shield element (3) secured to the gun, and a shield element (4.1, 4.2) secured to the housing is disposed on each side of the shield element (3) permanently connected to the gun.
- A gun passage according to claim 3, characterised in that the two shield elements (4.1, 4.2) permanently connected to the housing are each designed to be swung upwards around a swivel axis (5) situated above the trunnion axis (6) and disposed transversely of the gun barrel axis (2.1).
- A gun passage according to claim 4, characterised in that the shield elements (4.1, 4.2) permanently secured to the housing are interconnected.
- A gun passage according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that the swivel axis (5) is situated in the housing (1) near the upper edge of the opening (1.1).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3940419A DE3940419A1 (en) | 1989-12-07 | 1989-12-07 | WEAPON PERFORMANCE THROUGH AN ARMORED HOUSING, ESPECIALLY A COMBAT ARMOR |
| DE3940419 | 1989-12-07 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0431380A2 EP0431380A2 (en) | 1991-06-12 |
| EP0431380A3 EP0431380A3 (en) | 1992-03-11 |
| EP0431380B1 true EP0431380B1 (en) | 1994-05-18 |
Family
ID=6394964
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP90122026A Expired - Lifetime EP0431380B1 (en) | 1989-12-07 | 1990-11-17 | Mounting of a gun in the wall of an armoured housing, especially a tank |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5105716A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0431380B1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3940419A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USD377324S (en) * | 1993-01-27 | 1997-01-14 | Vojensky Opravarensky | Combined firefighting vehicle and turret |
| US5703318A (en) * | 1995-09-20 | 1997-12-30 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Artillery gun mount |
| RU2218536C2 (en) * | 2000-12-04 | 2003-12-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт транспортного машиностроения" | Tank gun |
| RU2240481C2 (en) * | 2001-09-28 | 2004-11-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт транспортного машиностроения" | Tank gun attachment fitting |
| US6860052B1 (en) | 2003-09-29 | 2005-03-01 | Zachary B. Conner | Teargas deploying assembly |
| USD536053S1 (en) * | 2005-11-03 | 2007-01-30 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Gun cupola |
| RU2360201C1 (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2009-06-27 | Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает государственный заказчик - Министерство обороны Российской Федерации | Gun trunnion unit |
| USD746173S1 (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2015-12-29 | Wargaming.Net Llp | Armored vehicle |
| USD792284S1 (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2017-07-18 | Oto Melara S.P.A. | Turret for a combat vehicle |
| US9194664B1 (en) * | 2015-02-19 | 2015-11-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Main gun shield for battle tank |
| EP3306259A1 (en) | 2016-10-10 | 2018-04-11 | CMI Defence S.A. | Standard, interchangeable structure for an armoured vehicle |
| CA187708S (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2021-02-12 | Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh | Turret for armored vehicles |
| DE102020115723A1 (en) | 2020-06-15 | 2021-12-16 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Weapon system and tower system with a weapon system |
| RU203803U1 (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-21 | АКЦИОНЕРНОЕ ОБЩЕСТВО "АКЦИОНЕРНАЯ КОМПАНИЯ "ТУЛАМАШЗАВОД" (АО "АК "Туламашзавод") | Artillery fairing |
| CA3117280A1 (en) * | 2021-05-05 | 2022-11-05 | Burton Douglas Steele | Battering ram apparatus with cannister deployment |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2200283A (en) * | 1937-10-11 | 1940-05-14 | Robert J Lennon | Universal mounting |
| US2370148A (en) * | 1943-01-30 | 1945-02-27 | Joseph M Colby | Gun mount |
| LU47432A1 (en) * | 1964-11-24 | 1966-05-24 | Brevets Aero Mecaniques | Improvements made to armored vehicles, in particular of the light type, with a turret equipped with an automatic firearm |
| GB1138186A (en) * | 1965-04-26 | 1968-12-27 | Brevets Aero Mecaniques | Improvements in and relating to ammunition chutes for automatic guns |
| US3710681A (en) * | 1970-03-30 | 1973-01-16 | Efmc Corp | Gun mount closure or seal |
| US3854377A (en) * | 1972-05-20 | 1974-12-17 | Keller & Knappich Augsburg | Tank turret for automatic weapons |
| DE2552009A1 (en) * | 1975-11-20 | 1982-07-15 | Wegmann & Co, 3500 Kassel | SHIELD PIN STORAGE IN ARMORED HOUSING |
| DE2851604A1 (en) * | 1978-11-29 | 1980-06-04 | Karlsruhe Augsburg Iweka | ARMORED VEHICLE |
| SE430001B (en) * | 1979-01-12 | 1983-10-10 | Bofors Ab | SAFETY DEVICE FOR ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT |
| DE3042204A1 (en) * | 1980-11-08 | 1982-06-09 | Mauser-Werke Oberndorf Gmbh, 7238 Oberndorf | Machine gun protection dome - has loop-hole covers with inlays, forming seals against adjacent portion of dome |
| FR2545920B1 (en) * | 1983-05-09 | 1985-07-05 | Hispano Suiza Sa | MILITARY EQUIPMENT COMPRISING A TURRET PROVIDED WITH AN EXTERNAL MAIN WEAPON |
-
1989
- 1989-12-07 DE DE3940419A patent/DE3940419A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1990
- 1990-11-17 EP EP90122026A patent/EP0431380B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-11-17 DE DE59005739T patent/DE59005739D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-12-06 US US07/624,158 patent/US5105716A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0431380A2 (en) | 1991-06-12 |
| US5105716A (en) | 1992-04-21 |
| EP0431380A3 (en) | 1992-03-11 |
| DE59005739D1 (en) | 1994-06-23 |
| DE3940419A1 (en) | 1991-06-13 |
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