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EP0492423B1 - Procédé pour la combustion des substances explosives - Google Patents

Procédé pour la combustion des substances explosives Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0492423B1
EP0492423B1 EP91121749A EP91121749A EP0492423B1 EP 0492423 B1 EP0492423 B1 EP 0492423B1 EP 91121749 A EP91121749 A EP 91121749A EP 91121749 A EP91121749 A EP 91121749A EP 0492423 B1 EP0492423 B1 EP 0492423B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion
gas
supply
explosive
returned
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91121749A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0492423A3 (en
EP0492423A2 (fr
Inventor
Werner Dr. Tanner
Manfred Kauertz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dornier GmbH
Original Assignee
Dornier GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dornier GmbH filed Critical Dornier GmbH
Publication of EP0492423A2 publication Critical patent/EP0492423A2/fr
Publication of EP0492423A3 publication Critical patent/EP0492423A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0492423B1 publication Critical patent/EP0492423B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/003—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for used articles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/12—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B33/00—Manufacture of ammunition; Dismantling of ammunition; Apparatus therefor
    • F42B33/06—Dismantling fuzes, cartridges, projectiles, missiles, rockets or bombs
    • F42B33/067—Dismantling fuzes, cartridges, projectiles, missiles, rockets or bombs by combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/16—Warfare materials, e.g. ammunition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the combustion of explosives and explosive objects.
  • Explosives are solid, plastic or liquid explosive substances, such as explosives, fuels and guns, igniters, igniters and pyrotechnic substances.
  • Explosive objects are objects that contain explosives and are intended to have an explosive, shooting or propelling effect, an ignition effect, an ignition effect or a pyrotechnic effect.
  • explosive is understood to mean both the explosive in the sense of the above definition and explosive objects which have been dismantled, dismantled and portioned to such an extent that they can be fed into a combustion process with due care.
  • the combustion compressed air can be preheated in this method, which is achieved, for example, by a heat exchanger which is connected downstream of a second combustion chamber in which the flue gases from the combustion of the waste are post-burned.
  • the waste is first degassed by heating the container from the outside with an open flame, and the smoldering gases are immediately ignited and burned in the presence of sufficient oxygen. Then burn, favoring the carbon-containing smoldering residues due to the blown up compressed air.
  • a method is known from the USA (establishment of the US Army in Utah, we do not have a written reference), in which explosives are ignited and burned in an open rotary kiln, which is charged in portions, with extremely high excess air, partly due to the action of the hot air flow, partly through direct contact with a flame that burns axially into the rotary kiln.
  • total fresh air supply, fuel supply for the flame, rotational speed of the drum furnace and loading quantity and frequency are varied. Emissions of combustion gases from the unsealed end faces of the rotary kiln are prevented as far as possible by intake of false air. It is disadvantageous that largely unspecific different explosives are burned with the use of relatively large amounts of fuel, so to speak.
  • EP 349 865 A2 describes a combustion process "while maintaining the character of an open fire place" (column 3, line 2).
  • column 3, line 2 the extraction system must be dimensioned so that it can cope with these increased amounts of exhaust gas: this leads to the above-mentioned quantities of false air even in normal operation.
  • the object of the invention is to provide explosives of various chemical compositions that have become unsuitable for use, their intended use Accordingly, they should no longer be used, or they must be left over from production, be treated in a thermal process in such a way that they lose their risk of explosion and the reaction products and residues resulting from the treatment can be reused as little as possible (e.g. metal scrap), an environmentally friendly further treatment (reaction gases, unburned, combustible residues) or a safe landfill (minerals, slags).
  • the explosive is preferably transported in suitable open containers in cycles through an inertizable lock chamber by means of a transport device into and through a fixed furnace space. At the end of the container, the containers leave the furnace via an inert lock chamber. After entering the furnace, the explosive is ignited by direct contact with one or more open flames. Combustion oxygen or air is also supplied at this point if necessary, depending on the process control mixed with recirculated and cooled reaction gases from the subsequent combustion. In the next cycle, the ignited explosive is transported from the ignition zone to a burning zone, from which the resulting exhaust gases, which are composed of flue gas, reaction gases and excess air or oxygen, are removed. Part of this exhaust gas stream can be cooled and returned to the ignition zone, the rest leaves the reactor and is treated in downstream exhaust gas cleaning systems.
  • the kindling and burning zone can extend over several cycle times. If necessary, the lighting and burning cycles can be repeated several times in succession. This is made possible by the fact that pilot burners, suction and supply devices installed over the length of the combustion reactor are activated or shut down as required.
  • at least three stations should be provided in the furnace. The first stations are ignition zones; the other stations are burn-off zones and optionally also ignition zones. In the last station there is another burner that reliably burns off the remains. This intermittent build-up allows the detonation to be started again after the burn-off zones if the explosive does not continue to burn itself.
  • the partial recirculation of the exhaust gas stream over one or more cycles ensures that there is an adequate gas flow in the reactor with the least possible excess of oxygen / air. By cooling this partial flow, the process can be operated below an explosive-specific maximum temperature.
  • reaction-related pressure fluctuations can be buffered so that their effects be limited to the downstream emission control systems.
  • the invention is illustrated by a figure.
  • the combustion furnace 1 expediently in a cylindrical design, has a gas-tight, inertizable lock chamber 2, 2a on the inlet and outlet sides. These are connected to the actual combustion part of the furnace 1 via a cooling zone 3 , 3a .
  • These cooling zones 3, 3a which can be actively cooled by water or air or passively by radiation and free convection, on the one hand protect the sealing elements of the locks from the effects of heat and, on the other hand, prevent auto-ignition of the explosive entering.
  • the combustion chamber of the furnace 1 consists of at least three reaction zones of the same type (five reaction zones are shown in the figure), in which the gas flow direction is essentially forced transversely to the main axis of the furnace 1 . This is done in that the main part of the gas flow by means of the fan 4 via the gas supply lines 5 in parallel is blown into the individual reaction zones transversely to the furnace axis and leaves the reaction zones again through appropriately arranged gas discharge lines 6 .
  • the derived gas streams are combined in a collecting pipe 7 and fed to the fan 4 via the dust separator 8 , expediently a multicyclone, and the gas cooler / condenser 9 in order to be blown again into the reaction zones.
  • the gas cooler / condenser 9 has the function, on the one hand, of cooling the circulated gas stream to such an extent that the desired temperature can be maintained in the reaction zones of the incinerator and, on the other hand, the task of condensing out metal vapors, such as mercury and cadmium.
  • the incinerator 1 is equipped with a suitable device 11 which allows containers 12 which are open at the top to be cyclically transported through the furnace 1 via the locks 2, 2a .
  • each reaction zone of this incinerator there is a pilot burner 10 in addition to the described combustion gas supply lines and discharge lines, which is operated, for example, with gas (supply line 13 ) and possibly air or oxygen (supply line 14 ).
  • the flame of the pilot burner is set so that it touches the explosive located in the containers 12 clearly. If a reaction zone is only passed through as a burn-off zone, the pilot burner 10 is switched off and, if appropriate, is withdrawn into a corresponding rest position.
  • air or oxygen for combustion of the explosive can be supplied by lances or, in another embodiment, can be added to the recycle gas before entering the reaction zone.
  • the reaction zone closest to the end of the furnace should always have a pilot burner for safety reasons.
  • the temperature control in the individual reaction zones of the furnace is carried out individually by varying the gas return admixture by means of the control flaps 15 .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Procédé de combustion de substances explosives, à l'aide d'un réacteur (1) clos vis-à-vis de l'extérieur avec amenée et évacuation de gaz contrôlées et allumage et combustion périodique des déchets, selon lequel les substances explosives sont amenées de façon périodique dans des récipients (12), une combustion des substances explosives est provoquée par inflammation à l'aide d'une flamme nue, les gaz de fumée résultant de la combustion étant évacués de la zone de combustion et soumis à une épuration, dans lequel
    - de l'air ou de l'oxygène sont délivrés de façon commandée,
    - un courant partiel des effluents gazeux est recyclé,
    - les effluents gazeux recyclés sont refroidis, et
    - la température dans le réacteur (1) est maintenue à une valeur souhaitée.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les effluents gazeux recyclés sont dépoussiérés.
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'amenée d'agent d'oxydation dans la zone de combustion est régulée en fonction de la teneur en oxygène des gaz de fumée en aval de la zone de combustion.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le volume des gaz de fumée refroidis recyclés est régulé en fonction de la température dans la zone de combustion.
  5. Dispositif de mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes équipé d'une chambre de réaction fermée (1), de sas (2, 2a) pour l'amenée fractionnée du produit à brûler et évacuation des résidus solides, dans lequel la chambre de réaction (1) comporte au moins trois zones de réaction, qui présentent chacune des canalisations d'évacuation (6) et des canalisations d'amenée (5) pour le gaz brûlé, une canalisation d'amenée (14) pour un agent d'oxydation, ainsi qu'un brûleur (10).
  6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par des clapets de commande (15) pour la régulation individuelle des courants de gaz pour les différentes zones de combustion.
EP91121749A 1990-12-24 1991-12-19 Procédé pour la combustion des substances explosives Expired - Lifetime EP0492423B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4041746 1990-12-24
DE4041746A DE4041746C2 (de) 1990-12-24 1990-12-24 Verfahren zur Verbrennung von Explosivstoffen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0492423A2 EP0492423A2 (fr) 1992-07-01
EP0492423A3 EP0492423A3 (en) 1992-11-19
EP0492423B1 true EP0492423B1 (fr) 1995-07-19

Family

ID=6421419

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91121749A Expired - Lifetime EP0492423B1 (fr) 1990-12-24 1991-12-19 Procédé pour la combustion des substances explosives

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0492423B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4041746C2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4306165C1 (de) * 1993-02-27 1994-06-16 Deutsche Aerospace Verfahren zur Entsorgung von Explosivstoffen sowie Anlage zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens
DE4327880C1 (de) * 1993-08-19 1995-05-11 Mechanische Werkstaetten Koeni Verfahren zur Umarbeitung von phlegmatisiertem Hexogen oder Oktogen aus der Delaborierung militärischer Erzeugnisse für den Einsatz in zivilen Erzeugnissen
DE4333780A1 (de) * 1993-10-04 1995-04-06 Gutehoffnungshuette Man Vorrichtung zur Beseitigung von toxischen, festen und/oder flüssigen Stoffen, insbesondere von Geschossen, die mit chemischen Kampfstoffen gefüllt sind
DE19617617C2 (de) * 1996-05-02 1998-11-12 Buck Chem Tech Werke Verfahren zur Entsorgung von Explosivstoff-Wirkmassen sowie Vorrichtung hierfür

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS537985A (en) * 1976-07-12 1978-01-24 Sumitomo Durez Co Incireration furnace and method of wastes contained in vessel
FR2524131A1 (fr) * 1982-03-25 1983-09-30 Glaskuhl Sa Appareil pour le traitement thermique d'objets par convection
US4667609A (en) * 1986-09-08 1987-05-26 Robert Hardison Apparatus and method for treatment of soil contaminated with hydrocarbons
DE3822648A1 (de) * 1988-07-05 1990-01-11 Meissner Gmbh & Co Kg Josef Verfahren und vorrichtung zum ab- und verbrennen von explosivstoffen und von mit solchen behafteten gegenstaenden

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0492423A3 (en) 1992-11-19
DE4041746A1 (de) 1992-07-02
EP0492423A2 (fr) 1992-07-01
DE4041746C2 (de) 1994-01-13
DE59106036D1 (de) 1995-08-24

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