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WO1998054513A1 - PROCEDE POUR LA COMBUSTION FAIBLE EN NOx DE HOUILLE DANS DES GENERATEURS DE VAPEUR DE CENDRES A SEC - Google Patents

PROCEDE POUR LA COMBUSTION FAIBLE EN NOx DE HOUILLE DANS DES GENERATEURS DE VAPEUR DE CENDRES A SEC Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998054513A1
WO1998054513A1 PCT/EP1998/002936 EP9802936W WO9854513A1 WO 1998054513 A1 WO1998054513 A1 WO 1998054513A1 EP 9802936 W EP9802936 W EP 9802936W WO 9854513 A1 WO9854513 A1 WO 9854513A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
combustion
coal
combustion chamber
air
burner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP1998/002936
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Matthias Schubert
Werner Auel
Jürgen Müller
Ulrich Wolff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aventis Research and Technologies GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Aventis Research and Technologies GmbH and Co KG
Hoechst Research and Technology Deutschland GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=7830585&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO1998054513(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Aventis Research and Technologies GmbH and Co KG, Hoechst Research and Technology Deutschland GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Aventis Research and Technologies GmbH and Co KG
Priority to AU81051/98A priority Critical patent/AU8105198A/en
Publication of WO1998054513A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998054513A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/32—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor the waste being subjected to a whirling movement, e.g. cyclonic incinerators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
    • F23C3/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber being arranged for cyclonic combustion
    • F23C3/008—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber being arranged for cyclonic combustion for pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/003—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/08—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for reducing temperature in combustion chamber, e.g. for protecting walls of combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/30—Solid combustion residues, e.g. bottom or flyash
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2201/00—Pretreatment of solid fuel
    • F23K2201/10—Pulverizing
    • F23K2201/103—Pulverizing with hot gas supply

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the combustion of coal in a combustion chamber, preferably in large combustion plants of steam boilers, in which combustion air and coal are introduced and burned into the combustion chamber via at least one burner and part of the resulting flue gases are returned to the combustion chamber, whereby the coal feeds the or each burner pneumatically using conveying air.
  • So-called primary measures are known for reducing NO x formation.
  • the state of the art includes: Use of low-NO x burners, staged air and / or fuel tasks with near and / or substoichiometric combustion to the respective coal flow in the individual burner levels of the steam generator, the task of upper air to ensure a perfect combustion and the flue gas recirculation into the combustion air before burner.
  • NO x reduction techniques behind dry-ashed coal firing with consistently good burnout, nitrogen oxide emissions of around 250 mg / Nm 3 are achieved (cf. Petzel, Scholl, Tigges "State-of-the-art combustion technology for primary reduction of NO x ", VGB Kraftwerkstechnik 73 (1993) , Issue 3).
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method which, with the aid of firing measures alone, limits the NO x emission below 200 mg / Nm 3 and, at the same time, ensures the use of a wide range of fuels, while maintaining the efficiency of the steam generator system.
  • this object is achieved by a method of the type mentioned at the outset, which is characterized in that part of the flue gases to be returned is added to the conveying air.
  • the invention thus relates to a process for the combustion of coal in a combustion room, preferably in large combustion plants of steam boilers, in which combustion air and coal are introduced and burned into the combustion chamber via at least one burner and part of the resulting flue gases are returned to the combustion chamber, whereby the coal is pneumatically fed to the or each burner by means of conveying air, characterized in that part of the flue gases to be returned is added to the conveying air.
  • the low NO x content is achieved by further reducing the oxygen content in the combustion zone of the burner, preferably in the flame core. This considerably reduces the conversion of fuel nitrogen to NO x and the limit value of 200 mg / Nm 3 can be significantly undercut.
  • the thinning according to the invention is brought about by the use of the following measures, their simultaneous ones Application is particularly advantageous:
  • the coal can be dried after drying and grinding
  • Conveying air can be conveyed pneumatically into the torch's annular gap. A minimum amount of air is required for the mass transport, but this unnecessarily increases the oxygen supply in the combustion zone and thus leads to an increased NO x emission.
  • flue gas can preferably be removed after a filter, particularly preferably after an electrostatic filter, and blown directly into the combustion zone, preferably into the flame core. This is advantageously done in such a way that the flue gas is added evenly distributed into the combustion zone, preferably in the flame core of each individual burner, regardless of primary, secondary or tertiary air.
  • the amount of recirculation supplied is 10 to 30, preferably 15 to 25, particularly preferably 17 to 22% by volume of the fuel-generated flue gas.
  • the oxygen content can be further reduced there by the uniform addition of highly flammable reduction fuel, preferably heating oil S / EL and / or natural gas, in the combustion zone, preferably in the flame core this reduction fuel preferably ignites and burns.
  • highly flammable reduction fuel preferably heating oil S / EL and / or natural gas
  • the reduction fuel is added in a proportion of 5 to 15, preferably 8 to 12, particularly preferably 9 to 11% by volume of the total fuel used.
  • the use of low-nitrogen reduction fuels is advantageous.
  • an ash When coal is burned using the method according to the invention, an ash is formed which has a proportion of unburned, ie a carbon content of greater than or equal to 20, preferably greater than or equal to 30, particularly preferably greater than or equal to 40% by weight up to 45 to 50 to 60 to 70% by weight.
  • an already known ash melting furnace preferably a melting cyclone, can be used Ash burns again and uses the energy released in the process.
  • the resulting liquid slag can be quenched in a known granulator with flow cooling.
  • the heat of fusion of the slag to be removed is used in a further variant of the method according to the invention for further reducing the losses with the aid of a heat displacement system which supplements the flow cooling and has a circulation pump, heat exchanger and filter, for preheating feed water. Furthermore, due to the resulting lack of overflow in the granulator, the water consumption of the entire system is reduced.
  • Subsequent products (HCN, NH 3 etc.) is crucial for the conversion rate of fuel nitrogen to NO x .
  • the measures according to the invention reduce the NO x emissions to such an extent that it is possible to use the already known method for melting fly ash in a melting cyclone without the 200 mg / Nm 3 limit value being exceeded.
  • the known addition of fuel or fuel dust is only necessary to a limited extent since the C content of the ash in this process according to the invention is in a range from 20 to 70% by weight.
  • coal 30 is burned to generate water vapor and the heat of combustion is dissipated to a feed water via the flue gases 31 and a heat exchanger 35.
  • the coal 30 is conveyed as ground coal dust from comminution machines, preferably coal mills 2, pneumatically via lines 26 to three burners 22a, b, c.
  • the conveying air 32 required for conveying is removed from the combustion air 29 after an air preheater 3 and mixed in a mixer 4 with part of the flue gas 31 originating from the combustion, which is fed and cleaned via a line 36 to an electrostatic filter 5.
  • the flue gas is conveyed by means of a conveying device, a flue gas recirculation blower 6.
  • the arrangement of swirl bodies 7 in the annular gap of the burners 22 produces a uniform distribution of the coal dust 30 in the annular gap.
  • the supply of the combustion air 29 preheated after the air preheater 3 by means of a further conveying device, a fresh air blower 11, via lines 25 to the burners 22a, b, c takes place in such a way that the lower burner 22a is near-stoichiometric, and in the upper burners 22b, c is also sub-stoichiometric excess air is burned.
  • An air / fuel ratio of 0.85 is preferably set in the middle burner 22b and 0.7 in the upper burner 22c.
  • a total air excess of 5 to 10% is then driven through the upper air supply 8 arranged at the upper end of the combustion chamber 1.
  • each burner 22a, b, c reduction fuel is injected directly via lines 9a, b, c (heating oil-S, heating oil-EL or natural gas) into the flame core 28 of the combustion zone 23 with a share of approximately 8 to 10% of the burner output.
  • this causes the coal dust 30 to be ignited safely with a substoichiometric driving style.
  • flue gas 31 is added to the flame core 28 of the combustion zone 23 via lines 24, 10a, b, c.
  • the flue gas 31 is evenly added via pipes concentrically arranged in the burner groove. The proportion of this amount of flue gas is 15 to 25% by volume of the total amount of flue gas.
  • the fly dust 33 separated in the electrostatic filter 5 has a C content of 20 to 70%. It is fed via a metering device 12 into a smelting furnace, a cyclone 16. For combustion, preheated combustion air 29 is removed via a line 14 to preheater 3. It is
  • flue gas 31 is added to this combustion air via a line 15 in a proportion between 0 and 10%.
  • a support fuel preferably heating oil S / El or natural gas, is fired via a line 13.
  • the resulting exhaust gas 34 is introduced into the combustion chamber 1.
  • the liquid ash from the cyclone 16 is introduced into a known granulator 17 with water cooling and cooled.
  • the heat of fusion of the slag transferred to the water bath is removed by means of a pump 18 which conducts the heated water through a filter 19 and into a heat exchanger 20.
  • Heat exchanger 20 emits this amount of heat to the feed water of the steam generator 27 to be preheated.
  • flue gas 31 is fed below the burner levels via a distributor device 21, which is shown in FIG.
  • Air / fuel ratio at the end of the combustion chamber 1 1, 1.
  • NO x content calculated as NO 2 at the end of the combustion chamber 1: 195 mg / Nm 3 (based on an O 2 content of 6%). In the conventional driving style, the NO x content was
  • Dust content of the flue gas 31 after the combustion chamber 1 approx. 15 g / Nm 3 .
  • Amount of fog gas via the distributor device 21 3,000 Nm 3 / h.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour la combustion de charbon dans une chambre de combustion (1), de préférence dans des grands foyers de générateurs de vapeur. Dans ce procédé, on introduit et on fait brûler dans la chambre de combustion (1) de l'air de combustion (29) et du charbon (30) par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un brûleur (22a, b, c), et on recycle dans la chambre de combustion (1) une partie des gaz de fumée (31) produits, le charbon (30) étant acheminé pneumatiquement au ou à chaque brûleur (22a, b, c) au moyen d'air primaire (32). Ce procédé est caractérisé en ce que l'on ajoute à l'air primaire (32) une partie des gaz de fumée (31) à recycler. Les avantages de ce procédé résident essentiellement dans le fait que la formation de NOx dans des foyers à charbon est considérablement réduite pour un rendement invariable, puisqu'une faible concentration d'oxygène lors de la combustion des produits de désintégration (HCN, NH3, etc.) formés après le processus de pyrolyse du charbon est décisive pour la vitesse de conversion en NOx de l'azote du combustible. En outre, l'invention permet de réduire les émissions de NOx dans la mesure où il est possible d'appliquer le procédé déjà connu pour la fusion des cendres volantes dans un cyclone de fusion, sans dépasser la valeur limite de 200mg/NM3.
PCT/EP1998/002936 1997-05-27 1998-05-19 PROCEDE POUR LA COMBUSTION FAIBLE EN NOx DE HOUILLE DANS DES GENERATEURS DE VAPEUR DE CENDRES A SEC Ceased WO1998054513A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU81051/98A AU8105198A (en) 1997-05-27 1998-05-19 Method for NOx-low combustion of coal in dry ash steam generators

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19722070.3 1997-05-27
DE1997122070 DE19722070C5 (de) 1997-05-27 1997-05-27 Verfahren zur NOx-armen Verbrennung von Steinkohle bei trockenentaschten Dampferzeugern

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998054513A1 true WO1998054513A1 (fr) 1998-12-03

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ID=7830585

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PCT/EP1998/002936 Ceased WO1998054513A1 (fr) 1997-05-27 1998-05-19 PROCEDE POUR LA COMBUSTION FAIBLE EN NOx DE HOUILLE DANS DES GENERATEURS DE VAPEUR DE CENDRES A SEC

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU8105198A (fr)
DE (1) DE19722070C5 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998054513A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7168947B2 (en) * 2004-07-06 2007-01-30 General Electric Company Methods and systems for operating combustion systems
CN109578990A (zh) * 2018-12-12 2019-04-05 西安交通大学 一种热解炉-煤粉锅炉耦合的低NOx掺烧系统及方法
CN110260299A (zh) * 2019-05-29 2019-09-20 华中科技大学 超临界二氧化碳燃煤锅炉及其多级烟气再循环方法
CN111023107A (zh) * 2019-12-09 2020-04-17 黑龙江省能源环境研究院 一种低热值煤矸石的燃烧方法
CN113280346A (zh) * 2021-05-14 2021-08-20 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 一种利用低浓度瓦斯氧化处理改建垃圾填埋场的方法
WO2022057184A1 (fr) * 2020-09-18 2022-03-24 华中科技大学 Chaudière co2 supercritique permettant d'obtenir une combustion uniforme, une résistance à la corrosion et une résistance à la cokéfaction, et système de chaudière
US11493202B2 (en) 2020-09-18 2022-11-08 Huazhong University Of Science And Technology Supercritical CO2 boiler capable of realizing uniform combustion, corrosion resistance and coking resistance, and boiler system

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004205161A (ja) 2002-12-26 2004-07-22 Hitachi Ltd 固体燃料ボイラ及びボイラ燃焼方法
CN104406161A (zh) * 2014-11-17 2015-03-11 北京联优创展科技有限公司 燃煤锅炉烟气回流补充燃烧装置
CN106838891B (zh) * 2017-01-16 2019-05-17 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 循环流化床富氧燃烧锅炉系统
CN109297015B (zh) * 2018-08-31 2019-12-17 东南大学 一种循环流化床/鼓泡流化床耦合加压富氧燃烧装置
CN109442392A (zh) * 2018-11-06 2019-03-08 清华大学 一种燃气锅炉及其低氮燃烧方法

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB584893A (en) * 1945-02-02 1947-01-24 Frank Morgan Improvements in and relating to open-hearth and similar gas-fired furnaces
EP0081114A2 (fr) * 1981-12-07 1983-06-15 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Procédé de combustion pour une chaudière à vapeur chauffée par un combustible pulvérisé
JPS5960105A (ja) * 1982-09-30 1984-04-06 Babcock Hitachi Kk 低ＮＯｘ燃焼装置
DE3324411A1 (de) * 1983-07-06 1985-01-24 Steag Ag, 4300 Essen Verfahren zur verbrennung von staubfoermigem brennstoff und dampferzeuger zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE3607896A1 (de) * 1986-03-10 1987-09-17 Kraftwerk Union Ag Dampferzeugeranlage mit einem mit einer kohlenstaubtrockenfeuerung beheizten dampferzeuger
DE3621347A1 (de) 1986-06-26 1988-01-14 Henkel Kgaa Verfahren und anlage zur verminderung des no(pfeil abwaerts)x(pfeil abwaerts)-gehaltes im rauchgas bei kohlenstaubbefeuerten dampferzeugern mit trockenentaschung
DE3707452A1 (de) * 1987-03-07 1988-09-22 Hoelter Heinz Verfahren zur beseitigung der nicht verwendbaren filterasche nach der wirbelbettfeuerung
US4960059A (en) * 1989-06-26 1990-10-02 Consolidated Natural Gas Service Company, Inc. Low NOx burner operations with natural gas cofiring
DE19520720A1 (de) * 1995-06-12 1996-12-19 Evt Energie & Verfahrenstech Verfahren und Anlage zur Erzeugung von Dampf

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DE4124842A1 (de) * 1991-07-26 1993-01-28 Evt Energie & Verfahrenstech Kohlenstaubfeuerung

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB584893A (en) * 1945-02-02 1947-01-24 Frank Morgan Improvements in and relating to open-hearth and similar gas-fired furnaces
EP0081114A2 (fr) * 1981-12-07 1983-06-15 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Procédé de combustion pour une chaudière à vapeur chauffée par un combustible pulvérisé
JPS5960105A (ja) * 1982-09-30 1984-04-06 Babcock Hitachi Kk 低ＮＯｘ燃焼装置
DE3324411A1 (de) * 1983-07-06 1985-01-24 Steag Ag, 4300 Essen Verfahren zur verbrennung von staubfoermigem brennstoff und dampferzeuger zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE3607896A1 (de) * 1986-03-10 1987-09-17 Kraftwerk Union Ag Dampferzeugeranlage mit einem mit einer kohlenstaubtrockenfeuerung beheizten dampferzeuger
DE3621347A1 (de) 1986-06-26 1988-01-14 Henkel Kgaa Verfahren und anlage zur verminderung des no(pfeil abwaerts)x(pfeil abwaerts)-gehaltes im rauchgas bei kohlenstaubbefeuerten dampferzeugern mit trockenentaschung
EP0254036A2 (fr) * 1986-06-26 1988-01-27 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien Procédé et installation pour la réduction de NOx contenu dans les fumées des générateurs de vapeur brûlant la poussière de charbon avec l'élimination sèche de la cendre
DE3707452A1 (de) * 1987-03-07 1988-09-22 Hoelter Heinz Verfahren zur beseitigung der nicht verwendbaren filterasche nach der wirbelbettfeuerung
US4960059A (en) * 1989-06-26 1990-10-02 Consolidated Natural Gas Service Company, Inc. Low NOx burner operations with natural gas cofiring
DE19520720A1 (de) * 1995-06-12 1996-12-19 Evt Energie & Verfahrenstech Verfahren und Anlage zur Erzeugung von Dampf

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Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 008, no. 166 (M - 314) 2 August 1984 (1984-08-02) *
PETZEL, SCHOLL, TIGGES: "Modernste Verbrennungstechnologie zur Primärreduzierung von NOx", VGB KRAFTWERKSTECHNIK, vol. 3, no. 73, 1 January 1993 (1993-01-01)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7168947B2 (en) * 2004-07-06 2007-01-30 General Electric Company Methods and systems for operating combustion systems
CN109578990A (zh) * 2018-12-12 2019-04-05 西安交通大学 一种热解炉-煤粉锅炉耦合的低NOx掺烧系统及方法
CN109578990B (zh) * 2018-12-12 2019-10-11 西安交通大学 一种热解炉-煤粉锅炉耦合的低NOx掺烧系统及方法
CN110260299A (zh) * 2019-05-29 2019-09-20 华中科技大学 超临界二氧化碳燃煤锅炉及其多级烟气再循环方法
CN111023107A (zh) * 2019-12-09 2020-04-17 黑龙江省能源环境研究院 一种低热值煤矸石的燃烧方法
WO2022057184A1 (fr) * 2020-09-18 2022-03-24 华中科技大学 Chaudière co2 supercritique permettant d'obtenir une combustion uniforme, une résistance à la corrosion et une résistance à la cokéfaction, et système de chaudière
US11493202B2 (en) 2020-09-18 2022-11-08 Huazhong University Of Science And Technology Supercritical CO2 boiler capable of realizing uniform combustion, corrosion resistance and coking resistance, and boiler system
CN113280346A (zh) * 2021-05-14 2021-08-20 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 一种利用低浓度瓦斯氧化处理改建垃圾填埋场的方法
CN113280346B (zh) * 2021-05-14 2022-08-02 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 一种利用低浓度瓦斯氧化处理改建垃圾填埋场的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU8105198A (en) 1998-12-30
DE19722070C2 (de) 2003-04-30
DE19722070A1 (de) 1998-12-10
DE19722070C5 (de) 2008-06-26

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